Comparative and Foreign Law Commons^™

Center Of Main Interests, International Insolvency Case Venue, And Equality Of Arms: The Eurofood Decision Of The European Court Of Justice, Samuel Bufford

Faculty Scholarship

This Article examines the Eurofood-E.C.J. decision and evaluates its impact on the decisions of the Irish and the Italian courts to open main insolvency cases for Eurofood. This Article also addresses the broader international insolvency law issues that the E.C.J. decision left open. Part II of this Article provides background information on the format and binding effect of a decision of the E.C.J. Part III explores the background of Parmalat and Eurofood and describes the Eurofood cases in the Irish and Italian courts prior to the E.C.J. decision. Part IV examines the E.C.J. decision, its rationale, and its application to …

Cost-Based And Rules-Based Regulatory Competition: Markets For Corporate Charters In The U.S. And The E.U., Marco Ventoruzzo

Faculty Scholarship

Regulatory competition in corporate law is increasing in Europe and, not differently from what happens in the US, a market for corporate charters is developing in Europe. This article examines the differences between the US corporate law market, and the European one - to the extent that one exists. The basic idea is that, in Europe, there is a stronger competition for the (first) incorporation of rather small, closely-held corporations; while in the US a small closely-held corporation usually incorporates locally, where its shareholders and directors are located, and reincorporates - often in Delaware - when it is growing and, …

Living With The Bologna Process: Recommendations To The German Legal Education Community From A U.S. Perspective, Laurel S. Terry

Faculty Scholarly Works

The Bologna Process is a dramatic development that is less than ten years old, but already it has significantly reshaped higher education in Germany and in Europe. This article is based on my research regarding the history and objectives of the Bologna Process and Bologna Process implementation in Germany. It contains my reflections about the Bologna Process and German legal education and my recommendations to the German legal education community.

International Insolvency Case Venue In The European Union: The Parmalat And Daisytek Controversies, Samuel Bufford

Faculty Scholarship

The European Union Insolvency Regulation (the EU Regulation) is a giant step forward in promoting international cooperation among EU countries for cross-border insolvency proceedings. It adopts a modified universalist solution to cross-border proceedings insofar as they are located within the EU. However, experience has shown that it needs improvement to work effectively. A venue battle now rages between courts of several European countries over which country's courts will administer particular cross-border proceedings and how the center of main interest is to be determined for this purpose.

This Article begins with a detailed examination of the two principal cases where conflicts …

Europe's Thirteenth Directive And U.S. Takeover Regulation: Regulatory Means And Political Economic Ends, Marco Ventoruzzo

Faculty Scholarship

Cross-border acquisitions, especially through hostile takeovers, represent one of the most dramatic consequences of the growing integration, both within Europe, and when considering the economic balance of power between the US and the European industries. This Article focuses on the single most important piece of legislation on European takeover law, the Thirteenth Directive of the European Union on Takeover Regulation, which was approved on April, 21 2004 and must be implemented by Member States before the end of 2006.

Passage of the Thirteenth Directive is no minor event. Earlier versions were embroiled in arresting political controversies that generated significant Member …

U.S. Legal Ethics: The Coming Of Age Of Global And Comparative Perspectives, Laurel Terry

Faculty Scholarly Works

This Article reviews the influence of comparative law during the past 100 years and then divides the last 100 years into three distinct comparative legal ethics eras. The first era consists of the time period between 1904 and 1973, during which there was both domestic and comparative legal ethics scholarship, although a relatively small amount compared to later years. The second time period, which dates from 1974, when legal ethics became a required course, to 1997, represents the coming of age of domestic legal ethics scholarship. This time period also included a significant amount of legal ethics scholarship employing a …

Player Restraints And Competition Law Throughout The World, Stephen F. Ross

Faculty Scholarship

This article reviews agreements among clubs participating in league sports in many countries throughout the world that limit competition for the services of players. Under the English common law (which governs in most of the British commonwealth), the competition law provisions of the European Union's governing treaty, the American Sherman Act, and the Canadian Competition Act, the governing standard is quite similar. Player restraints cab only be justified if they are related to a legitimate purpose, which is usually defined as one that demonstrably improves the consumer appeal for the sporting competition. Moreover, and significantly, player restraints must be reasonably …

Global Venue Controls Are Coming: A Reply To Professor Lopucki, Samuel Bufford

Faculty Scholarship

This Article details my disagreements with Professor Lynn LoPucki's article "Global and out of Control" (79 Am. Bankr. L.J. 79). Part I discusses universalism and territorialism, especially the modified version of universalism that I support. Part II examines the international venue provisions of the Model Law and the EU Regulation. Part III introduces the relevant venue shopping cases. Only two groups of cases are relevant for the purpose of this paper: the French and German subsidiaries of Daisytek and Eurofood (a subsidiary of Parmalat SpA, the Italian conglomerate). None of the other cases that Professor LoPucki discusses was subject to …

Experiments In Comparative Corporate Law: The Recent Italian Reform And The Dubious Virtues Of A Market For Rules In The Absence Of Effective Regulatory Competition, Marco Ventoruzzo

Faculty Scholarship

The article addresses a sweeping Reform of corporate law which was enacted by the Italian government in 2003 and came into effect on January 1, 2004. The new statutory regulation significantly increases freedom of contract in corporate law, relying on the idea that the development of an efficient market for rules will allow the "natural selection" of the rules that better suit the need of the different stakeholders. Together - and to some extent to compensate for - this greater freedom of contract, new protections for minority shareholders have also been implemented. The reform also imports into the Italian legal …

The Nhl Labour Dispute And The Common Law, The Competition Law, And Public Policy, Stephen F. Ross

Faculty Scholarship

This article develops the claim that, absent an agreement with the union, the imposition of a salary cap or punitive luxury tax would constitute an unreasonable restraint of trade, as well as a violation of section 48 of the Competition Act that the Canadian courts should enjoin. The article analyzes decisions of Canadian and other British Commonwealth courts concerning general principles of the common law as well as their specific application in the context of the sports industry. Second, the paper discusses why the same standard applies to restraints challenged under section 48 of the Competition Act. Next. the …

Charter Insights For American Equality Jurisprudence, Stephen F. Ross

Faculty Scholarship

Although both the Canadian Charter and the United States Constitutions protect persons from denial of equal protection of the law, the interpretation of the broad language of the two equality guarantees has been quite different. The Supreme Court of Canada has adopted an approach of substantive equality, concluding that section 15 is designed to prevent the loss of human dignity that accompanies discrimination based on disadvantage and stereotype. At least with regard to race, a majority of the justices on the United States Supreme Court adhere to a jurisprudence of formal equality, concluding that the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments prohibit …

Lawyers Without Frontiers - A View From Germany, Martin Henssler, Laurel S. Terry

Faculty Scholarly Works

This article addresses the effect in Germany of the globalization of legal services. The first section of the article consists of reflections about the development of the German legal market in the past decade and how this development has been influenced by Anglo-Saxon law firms from the U.S. and England. The second section of this paper provides a more detailed analysis of the legal framework that governs the practice of foreign lawyers in Germany will follow. The third section of this paper addresses the issue of Multi-Disciplinary-Practices between lawyers and accountants. These MDPs are forbidden almost everywhere in the world …

German Mdps: Lessons To Learn, Laurel Terry

Faculty Scholarly Works

This article is the third of four major articles or book chapters that I have written about MDPs. This article focuses on German multidisciplinary partnerships (MDPs) between lawyers and accountants. The German MDP experience is important because Germany is one of the few jurisdictions that expressly permits MDPs and because conferences about World Trade Organization's General Agreement on Trade in Services (the GATS) have cited to Germany when suggesting that other countries' MDP bans may be unnecessarily restrictive. After introducing common MDP regulatory issues, this article focuses on Germany. The article explains Germany's current regulation of MDPs and provides a …

The Bolar Amendment Abroad: Preserving The Integrity Of American Patents Overseas After The South African Medicines Act, Matthew Kramer

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Statutory Interpretation In The Courtroom, The Classroom, And Canadian Legal Literature, Stephen F. Ross

Faculty Scholarship

In recent years, judges and scholars in Canada and the United States are devoting more attention to the theory and techniques involved in statutory interpretation. Although some advocate "foundational" theories to answer all theories of interpretation, most difficult cases require a pragmatic approach that requires analysis of the statutory text, original legislative intent, and legislative purpose in light of modern circumstances. Moreover, the most difficult cases may not be answerable by any of these approaches. In difficult cases, judges often resort to "normative canons" - rules they created to further a jurisprudence they desire. These canons need to be closely …

History's Accounting: Liability Issues Surrounding German Companies For The Use Of Slave Labor By Their Corporate Forefathers, Stuart M. Kreindler

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

An Introduction To The Paris Forum On Transnational Practice For The Legal Profession, Laurel Terry

Faculty Scholarly Works

This article focuses on the 1998 Paris Forum on Transnational Practice for the Legal Profession and introduces the papers contained in the Paris Forum Symposium. The Paris Forum was the first meeting of lawyers from around the world devoted solely to the topic of transnational legal practice. Before the Paris Forum, some bar organizations had set aside time during their meetings to discuss the transnational practice of law and issues related to transnational legal services also had been included as topics in general conferences. The multi-day Paris Forum, however, was the first multi-day conference devoted to this topic. This paper …

South Africa's Medicines And Related Substances Control Amendment Act: A Spoonful Of Sugar Or A Bitter Pill To Swallow?, David Benjamin Snyder

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Could "Bad Kids" Be Saved By Better Laws? A Comparison Of Current Federal Legislation Of The United States And Canada, Jessica Elaine Becker

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Co-Operation Between Regulators And Law Enforcement: N Regulators And Law Enforcement:, Daniel P. Murphy

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Sound The Trumpets! Quebec Is Shouting, "Victory!" Despite The Canadian Supreme Court's Denial Of Unilateral Secession, Elizabeth L. Wiltanger

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Implications Of A Palestinian State For Israeli Security And Nuclear War: A Jurisprudential Assessment, Louis Rene Beres

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Equality And Sex Discrimination In The European Union-Is Shifting The Burden Of Proof The Answer?, Janet L. Luxton

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Drawing A Distinction Between Bootleg And Counterfeit Recordings And Implementing A Market Solution Towards Combating Music Piracy In Europe, Clifford A. Congo

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Should There Be Another Ewe? A Critical Analysis Of The European Union Cloning Legislation, Khristan A. Heagle

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Legal Issues On The Internet: An Analysis And Comparison Of Law And Policy Relating To The Use And Regulation Of The Internet In Great Britain And Australia, James B. Mcnamara

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Service Provider Liability: Australian High Court Gives The World A First-Should The United States Follow Suit?, Daniel G. Asmus

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Art And Ideology In The Third Reich: The Protection Of Cultural Property And The Humanitarian Law Of War, Matthew Lippman

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Trafficking In Confiscated Cuban Property: Lender Liability Under The Helms-Burton Act And Customary International Law, S. Kern Alexander

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Comparative Aspects Of The French And German Nuclear Energy Regimes-Working Toward An International Legal Framework, Jon L. Woodard

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.