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Articles 751 - 780 of 786
Full-Text Articles in Comparative and Foreign Law
The New Holdsworth, Arthur Lyon Cross
The New Holdsworth, Arthur Lyon Cross
Michigan Law Review
In view of the fact that Pollock and Maitland do not go beyond the time of Edward I and Reeves no further than Elizabeth's reign, Professor Holdsworth, in publishing a revision and extension to the eighteenth century of his well known work, ventures to point out that it is "the first continuous history of English law that has ever been written". And so it is, to the point to which he has carried it thus far. One more volume at least is promised in the near future; while it is to be hoped that subsequent contributions may ultimately appear. "From …
A Modern Instance Of Zenothemis V. Demon, John M. Zane
A Modern Instance Of Zenothemis V. Demon, John M. Zane
Michigan Law Review
That a specific rule in Greek law should be of value to the decision of a legal question arising among us would seem at first blush improbable. Both the historical and analytical jurists have insisted so strongly upon the causes which tend to make any system of positive law something peculiar in itself that they have obscured the fact that the rules of substantive law are quite likely to be the same for like circumstances among nations which have reached a comparatively high level of civilization. The now dominant school of juristic thought, which teaches what its foremost exponent has …
Les Gouvernements Ou États Non Reconnus En Droit Anglais Et Américain, Edwin D. Dickinson
Les Gouvernements Ou États Non Reconnus En Droit Anglais Et Américain, Edwin D. Dickinson
Articles
Professor Dickinson tackles the subject of non-recognition of governments or states in English and American law: "Pour conclure, voici les propositions de l'auteur. La reconnaissance d'un Gouvernement or Etat etranger est exclusivement une question politique. L'existence d'un Gouvernement ou Etat etranger est exclusivement une question de fait.... C'est une chose deja grave que de voir d'une menace dans les conflits diplomatiques..."
Archaic Methods Of Validating A Contract-The "Blow And The "Libation"
Archaic Methods Of Validating A Contract-The "Blow And The "Libation"
Michigan Law Review
Sir Henry Maine tells us that at the ·dawn of Roman jurisprudence the term in use for contract was one which is very familiar to students of historical Latinity. "It was nexum, and the parties to the contract were said to be nexi." MAINE, ANCIENT LAW [Ed. 10, by Pollock], 328. Manilius, a Latin antiquarian, describes nexum as omne quad per libram et aes geritur, in quo sint mancipia, "every transaction with the copper and the balance, in which class are mancipia." VARRO, DE L. L. 7, 105. Mancipation was a conveyance, and Maine says that this …
Neutrality Of British Dominions, C D. Allin
Neutrality Of British Dominions, C D. Allin
Michigan Law Review
The recent Cannes conference has revived the question of the -international status of the British dominions. Article IV of the proposed Anglo-French Alliance provided that "the present treaty shall impose no obligation upon any of the dominions of the British Empire unless and until it is approved by the dominion concerned." In short, the dominions were left free to pursue an independent foreign policy in European affairs.
Book Reviews, Burke Shartel, Grover C. Grismore, S C. Ho, S M. Ho, Evans Holbrook, Henry M. Bates
Book Reviews, Burke Shartel, Grover C. Grismore, S C. Ho, S M. Ho, Evans Holbrook, Henry M. Bates
Michigan Law Review
History of the San Francisco Committee of Vigilance of 1851. By Mary Floyd Williams. University of California Publications in History, Volume XII. "Berkeley: The University of California Press. 192I. Pp. xii, 543.
Judges In The Executive Council Of Upper Canada, William Renwick Riddell
Judges In The Executive Council Of Upper Canada, William Renwick Riddell
Michigan Law Review
When in December, 1791, Upper Canada began her separate provincial career, her first Lieutenant-Governor, Colonel John Graves Simcoe, said that the Constitution of the Province was "the very image and transcript of that of Great Britain."'
Book Reviews, Edwin W. Patterson, Edson R. Sunderland, C E. Griffin
Book Reviews, Edwin W. Patterson, Edson R. Sunderland, C E. Griffin
Michigan Law Review
The title of this brilliant little volume might, more accurately, have been, "The Spirits of the Common Law," for it depicts the common law as the battleground of many conflicting spirits, from which a few relatively permanent ideas and ideals have emerged triumphant. As a whole, the book is a pluralistic-idealistic interpretation of legal history. Idealistic, because Dean Pound finds that the fundamentals of the 'common law have been shaped by ideas and ideals rather than by economic determinism or class struggle; he definitely rejects a purely economic interpretation of legal history, although he demands a sociological one (pp. io-ii). …
Statutes Of Edward I Their Relation To Finance And Administration, Nathan Isaacs
Statutes Of Edward I Their Relation To Finance And Administration, Nathan Isaacs
Michigan Law Review
Perhaps the most far-reaching effect of the American Civil war, in the long run, could be illustrated by a chart showing government expenditures before and after that rebirth of the nation. The jump from the bottom of the chart to the top, with no apparent tendency to return, reflects a new conception of the function of the government, the creation of new powers and a redistribution of- the old ones. In like manner one of the most significant features of the present period of reconstruction throughout the civilized world seems likely to find its graphic representation in a curve that …
Reading From Ancient Chinese Codes And Other Sources Of Chinese Law And Legal Ideas, John Wu
Reading From Ancient Chinese Codes And Other Sources Of Chinese Law And Legal Ideas, John Wu
Michigan Law Review
With the legal profession today there is a growing interest in Vthe study of universal legal ideas. Legal ideas, it would seem, gain strength by extension both in time and in space. ,As ius" gentium is necessarily more congenial to human reason than ius civie, so it may. be said that the laws of all ages are more deep-seated in human nature than those of a particular generation. The scope of comparative jurisprudence, therefore, embraces all the length and breadth of legal scholarship, so that it cannot afford to ignore any materials that may give us light upon the legal …
Partnership Entity And Tenancy In Partnership: The Struggle For A Definition, Joseph H. Drake
Partnership Entity And Tenancy In Partnership: The Struggle For A Definition, Joseph H. Drake
Articles
PARTNERSHIP is a legal entity formed by the association of two or more persons. This definition of a partnership as a person or entity represents what may be characterized as a generally accepted theory among American jurists at the time of its publication in 1893. But a later definition says: "A partnership is an association of two more persons." "A partner is co-owner with his partners of specific partnership property holding as a tenant in partnership." The second definition shows that the Commissioners on Uniform State Laws have rejected the entity theory and coined a new term to describe partnership …
Forms Of Anglo Saxon Contracts And Their Sanctions, Robert L. Henry Jr
Forms Of Anglo Saxon Contracts And Their Sanctions, Robert L. Henry Jr
Michigan Law Review
The several forms of contract will be taken up in the following order: I. the Surety Contract, including (a) the creditor's rights against the debtor, (b) the creditor's rights to sue the surety, and (c) the surety's right of reimbursement; 2. the Warranty Contracts, including (a) warranty of title, and (b) warranty of quality; 3. the Contract of Court Record; 4. the Coitract of Plighted Faith; 5. the Pledge Contract; 6. the' "Delivery-Promise"; 7. the Written Contract; and 8. the "Earnest" Contract.
The Attaint, John M. Zane
The Attaint, John M. Zane
Michigan Law Review
The assize of novel disseisinoriginally lay against the disseisor in possession in favor of the disseisee, and was soon extended to the heir of -the disseisee, but not against the heir or grantee of the disseisor. But the disseisor might be dead or might have conveyed the land, and in such a case the disseisee would be driven to the writ of right with iis delays and chance of battle. But the cases where the defendant had come into possession under a lawful title which was limited in time and had ceased to exist, i.. e., cases where there was …
The Attaint, John M. Zane
The Attaint, John M. Zane
Michigan Law Review
The practice of attainting a jury was the method by which for centuries the English law corrected an erroneous finding of fact by the body of men who, in course of time, came to be called a jury. Today this necessary corrective of judicial administration is very inadequately performed by the judge or judges presiding over the trial. The proceeding is now called a motion for a new trial. The new trial is inadequate for the reason that it does not, as did the attaint, substitute a correct verdict for the one given. It merely reverses or sets aside the …
Reception Of The Roman Law In Germany, Charles Sumner Lbingier
Reception Of The Roman Law In Germany, Charles Sumner Lbingier
Michigan Law Review
As in other countries. it was the universities which prepared the way for the Reception of Roman Law in Germany. Many of those great institutions which still .lead the world in learning date from about the middle of the thirteenth century, and instruction in foreign law was offered from the beginning. At first the emphasis was placed on the Canon law -but chairs of Roman law were established at Heidelberg in 1387, at Basel in 146o, at Ingolstadt in 1472, at Tfibingen in 1477, at Freiburg in 1479, at Vienna in 1493 and at Greifswald in 1498, and were filled …
The Inefficiency Of The American Jury, Edson R. Sunderland
The Inefficiency Of The American Jury, Edson R. Sunderland
Articles
What is proposed in the present article is to show that in attempting to preserve the independence of the jury in its exclusive juris- diction over questions of fact, the people and the courts in most American jurisdictions have departed from the common law practice and have introduced a principle calculated to undermine the very institution which they wish to strengthen. That is to say, through the rules prohibiting judges from commenting on the weight of the evidence, juries tend to become irresponsible, verdicts tend to become matters of chance, and the intricacy of procedure, with its cost, delay and …
Some Leading Principles Of Chinese Law, Gustavus Ohlinger
Some Leading Principles Of Chinese Law, Gustavus Ohlinger
Michigan Law Review
It has frequently been remarked that of all nations, China approaches most nearly the Jeffersonian ideal in being the least governed. To a greater extent than any other people, the Chinese manage their own affairs. The usages of trade are defined by the various commercial guilds-organizations which have acquired a prestige and influence without parallel in any other country. Commercial disputes are submitted to these bodies and by them are settled promptly, finally, and usually satisfactorily. Matters of currency and exchange are determined by the powerful bankers' guild. Physicians, fortune-tellers, geomancers and even mendicants, have their organizations through which the …
English Law As An Exponent Of English History, Edson R. Sunderland
English Law As An Exponent Of English History, Edson R. Sunderland
Articles
It is not my purpose to unduly emphasize the light which the study of the laws of a people throws upon its character and development. The teaching of history should be broad enough to recognize the importance of all sides of national life. But I believe there has never been a sufficient appreciation of the real wealth of suggestive and illuminating material which is contained in the history of English law. For the English have been pre-eminently a legal race. In the study of Roman History Roman Law has always occupied a prominent place. The Romans made their reputation, so …
The Scottish Jury, Rufus Fleming
The Scottish Jury, Rufus Fleming
Michigan Law Review
The origin of the jury is one of the subjects on which an agreement has not been. reached by writers on the history of law. A number of theories have been put forward at different times. At this day two of these theories receive considerable support. The first is that the jury system is a gradual and natural sequence from the modes of trial in use among the Anglo-Saxons and Anglo-Normans. The second-and perhaps the one more widely accepted at present-is that we owe trial by jury to the legal institutions of the Frankish empire. (Forsyth's "History of Trial by …
The Old Roman Law And A Modern American Code, Joseph H. Drake
The Old Roman Law And A Modern American Code, Joseph H. Drake
Michigan Law Review
In Book II, on Property, Ownership, and its Modifications, the Porto Rican Code follows closely its Spanish prototype. The main variation in general outline is the omission from the American code of the special property in minerals and in intellectual productions.
The Old Common Law And The New Trusts, Ditlew M. Frederiksen
The Old Common Law And The New Trusts, Ditlew M. Frederiksen
Michigan Law Review
T HE Civil Code of Porto Rico, our latest Roman American code, gives interesting proof of the fact that the two systems of law, the Roman and the English, which control most of the nations of the civilized world and their dependencies, are, in their essence, but slightly different enunciations of the same principles of natural justice. The parent of the Civil Code of Porto Rico1 is the Spanish Civil Code,2 in force in Spain since May I, 1889, and extended to Cuba, Porto Rico, and the Philippines on July 31, 1889. The Spanish Civil-Code is the result of the …
English History And The Study Of English Law, Arthur Lyon Cross
English History And The Study Of English Law, Arthur Lyon Cross
Michigan Law Review
Ranke, the Nestor of modern historical research, was wont to say that he only wanted to know how things had happened. Lamprecht, however, more truly indicated the aim and purpose of the investigation of the past when he said that be wanted to know how things had become. Another distinction between the schools which these two men represent is, that one is primarily interested in political affairs, while the other would include within the historical field all phases of social activity. A survey of the course of scholarship during the century just closed, leads to the conclusion that this latter …
The Courts Of Judea, Jerome C. Knowlton
The Courts Of Judea, Jerome C. Knowlton
Articles
The study of Jewish jurisprudence has become interesting during the past ten years through the efforts of some painstaking scholars, who have not been burdened with any particular dogma, but have been actuated by a true Christian spirit. They have been close students of those portions of the Talmud which throw light on the jurisprudence of the Jews.
Commentaries On The Laws Of England : In Four Books, William Blackstone, Thomas M. Cooley
Commentaries On The Laws Of England : In Four Books, William Blackstone, Thomas M. Cooley
Books
From Editor's Preface, v.1: "Believing that the time has come when this work would be increased in value by discarding altogether the notes of English editors, and substituting matter more especially important to American practitioners and students, the editor has prepared this edition under that conviction.... To the Review of the recent progress of the law appended to the Fourth Book, there has been also added a summary account of the British Colonial System and the System of Local Government, and the means given for comparison of these with analogous institutions in the United States."
Commentaries On The Laws Of England : In Four Books, William Blackstone, Thomas M. Cooley
Commentaries On The Laws Of England : In Four Books, William Blackstone, Thomas M. Cooley
Books
"Believing that the time has come when this work would be increased in value by discarding altogether the notes of English editors, and substituting matter more especially important to American practitioners and students, the editor has prepared this edition under that conviction.... To the Review of the recent progress of the law appended to the Fourth Book, there has been also added a summary account of the British Colonial System and the System of Local Government, and the means given for comparison of these with analogous institutions in the United States."
The British Colonial System, Thomas M. Cooley
The British Colonial System, Thomas M. Cooley
Book Chapters
Regarding the subject, Professor Cooley writes: "In a note to the first book of these Commentaries (p.109), the Colonial System of Great Britain is spoken of as the grandest in extent and power that the world has ever known. A more detailed account of the system, and of the countries and places embraced within it, than was given in the place referred to, will justify the statement there made, and at the same time will give us particulars of British Colonial government in all its varieties."
The Territories Of The United States, Thomas M. Cooley
The Territories Of The United States, Thomas M. Cooley
Book Chapters
Writing to flesh out the comparisons between the United States and Great Britain following previous such chapters, Professor Cooley writes: "In the common acceptation of those terms the United States has no colonies and no foreign possessions." Professor Cooley then gives a relatively brief history of the admission of new states in constitutional philosophy and history. Later in the chapter he asserts, "Before any states can be admitted to the union, there must be a state ready to admit; and this implies that there shall be a state with a constitution and laws, so when admitted, it can proceed at …
Local Government In The United States, Thomas M. Cooley
Local Government In The United States, Thomas M. Cooley
Book Chapters
Professor Cooley offers the readers of the Commentaries a brief statement regarding laws of the United States in local jurisdictions: "To present completely local government as it exists in the United States would require a volume.... What we shall say, therefore, will be aimed at an explanation of certain general features, which are to be met with in all the states, and of some of the most important peculiarities."