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Articles 811 - 840 of 884
Full-Text Articles in Comparative and Foreign Law
The Sps Agreement Of The World Trade Organization And International Organizations: The Roles Of The Codex Alimentarius Commission, The International Plant Protection Convention, And The International Office Of Epizootics, Terence P. Stewart, David S. Johanson
The Sps Agreement Of The World Trade Organization And International Organizations: The Roles Of The Codex Alimentarius Commission, The International Plant Protection Convention, And The International Office Of Epizootics, Terence P. Stewart, David S. Johanson
Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce
The proper fanctioning of the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) depends in part upon three international organizations, the Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex), the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC), and the International Office of Epizootics (OIE). The SPS Agreement states that the sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) standards of these organizations are the benchmark international standards for WTO members, and recent WTO decisions demonstrate the importance of international standards in the settlement of WTO disputes involving SPS measures. The Codex, IPPC, and OIE also provide valuable services that benefit the …
Book Review, Henry H. Perritt Jr.
Book Review, Henry H. Perritt Jr.
Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce
Book Review: Richard Haas, The Reluctant Sheriff: The United States After the Cold War, New York, Council on Foreign Relations (1997)
A Dynasty Weaned From Biotechnology: The Emerging Face Of China
A Dynasty Weaned From Biotechnology: The Emerging Face Of China
Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce
No abstract provided.
Establishing Deliberative Democracy: Moving From Misery To Poverty With Dignity, Irwin P. Stotzky
Establishing Deliberative Democracy: Moving From Misery To Poverty With Dignity, Irwin P. Stotzky
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Board Of Directors And Internal Control, Melvin A. Eisenberg
The Board Of Directors And Internal Control, Melvin A. Eisenberg
Cardozo Law Review
No abstract provided.
Playing The Culture Card In Resisting Cross-Jurisdictional Transplants: A Comment On "Legal Processes And National Culture", John D. Jackson
Playing The Culture Card In Resisting Cross-Jurisdictional Transplants: A Comment On "Legal Processes And National Culture", John D. Jackson
Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law
The article critiques Oscar Chase's argument that cultural differences between nations, particularly Germany and the United States, pose formidable barriers to transplanting legal procedures from one jurisdiction to another. While acknowledging the importance of culture in shaping legal institutions, the analysis suggests that the influence of national culture on legal processes is more nuanced and less deterministic than Chase implies. It argues that legal systems are capable of change and adaptation, and that globalization and convergence of legal traditions may mitigate the predicted cultural misfit.
International Human Rights Standards On Sexual Violence Against Women As They Apply To Pornography, Claudia Giunta
International Human Rights Standards On Sexual Violence Against Women As They Apply To Pornography, Claudia Giunta
LLM Theses and Essays
The United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women was held in Beijing in September 1995, and represented an important step towards the achievement of equality for women. At the Conference, the progress made towards equality was acknowledged, but it was also acknowledged that many goals have not been achieved yet, and that cultural changes of fundamental importance remain to be made. Indeed, in many countries the cultural approach to violence and discrimination against women is quite fatalistic; they believe violence against women cannot be solved by laws. However, this approach overlooks the role played by societies in tolerating practices of …
Language Of Lullabies: The Russification And De-Russification Of The Baltic States, Sonia Bychkov Green
Language Of Lullabies: The Russification And De-Russification Of The Baltic States, Sonia Bychkov Green
Michigan Journal of International Law
This article argues that the laws for promotion of the national languages are a legitimate means for the Baltic states to establish their cultural independence from Russia and the former Soviet Union.
Law And Religion In Israel And Iran: How The Integration Of Secular And Spiritual Laws Affects Human Rights And The Potential For Violence, S. I. Strong
Michigan Journal of International Law
Part I of this article provides a brief sketch of the principles of the two majority religions at issue in this discussion and an overview of the history of both Israel and Iran. It explains why each nation has chosen to structure itself as it has and why the imposition of U.S.-style secularism would be an inappropriate method of dealing with the religio-legal conflict in the two societies. Part II compares the fundamental or constitutional laws of the two nations by analyzing the provisions, policies, and practices most influenced by religion. After identifying and analyzing the laws themselves in Part …
Rethinking Equality In The Global Society, Clark D. Cunningham
Rethinking Equality In The Global Society, Clark D. Cunningham
Faculty Publications By Year
No abstract provided.
Affirmative Action In Question: A Coherent Theory For Section 15(2), Mark A. Drumbl, John D.R. Craig
Affirmative Action In Question: A Coherent Theory For Section 15(2), Mark A. Drumbl, John D.R. Craig
Scholarly Articles
Affirmative action programs are constitutionally protected in Canada under section 15(2) of the Charter. This section has received little judicial interpretation and, consequently, no coherent approach to the interpretation of section 15(2) has been developed. Furthermore, there is an urgent need to define the meaning of section 15(2), as affirmative action programs can be used to perpetuate stereotypes and discrimination while being given a blanket endorsement through section 15(2). The authors suggest that section 15(2) does not merely promote substantive equality, as this is the function of section 15(1), but embodies the social justice conception of equality, which allocates social …
The Issue Of The Legal Validity Of Using Economic Sanctions To Enforce Human Rights, Thomas Hailu
The Issue Of The Legal Validity Of Using Economic Sanctions To Enforce Human Rights, Thomas Hailu
LLM Theses and Essays
The international legal regime as it pertains to human rights is neither as established nor as definitive as it appears. It suffers from many disadvantages, the first and most important of which is the fact that the international legal regime has never been capable of effectively enforcing its rules or instituting appropriate remedies for its breaches. Some states have attempted to make up for this inability on behalf of international law by undertaking an enforcement mechanism either unilaterally or multilaterally; economic sanctions are often regarded as valuable tools of enforcement to be used against countries which are allegedly engaged in …
Fair Use In American And Continental Laws, Omar M.A. Obeidat
Fair Use In American And Continental Laws, Omar M.A. Obeidat
LLM Theses and Essays
Intellectual property, unlike tangible property, does not exclusively occupy one place at a designated time. Instead, intellectual property is composed of information which can be reproduced or used in multiple places at any given time. This fundamental difference between intellectual and tangible property is reflected in the legal provisions that regulate these types of property. There are two dominant theories that justify the legal protection of intellectual property: the individualistic European approach, and the commercial Anglo-American approach. Under the European approach, the protection of the creation is a natural right guaranteed to the author. In other words, natural law guarantees …
Lights, Camera, Litigate: Lawyers And The Media In Canada And The United States, Charles W. Wolfram
Lights, Camera, Litigate: Lawyers And The Media In Canada And The United States, Charles W. Wolfram
Cornell Law Faculty Publications
Drawing on recent high profile cases in Canada and the United States, the author examines the different extent to which lawyers in those two countries comment to the media about ongoing litigation. He investigates various formal constraints upon lawyer comment, such as court-imposed publication bans and rules of professional responsibility. He also looks at the way in which lawyer behavior is attributable to non-formal, cultural determinants.
The German Duality Of State And Society, David Abraham
The German Duality Of State And Society, David Abraham
Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law
The article argues that the United States should consider supplementing its property-based negative rights regime with citizenship-based positive rights, drawing on the German constitutional model. It contends that negative rights, which focus on freedom from state interference, are insufficient in addressing systemic inequality and fostering meaningful participation in a democratic society. In contrast, Germany's constitutional framework, rooted in a communitarian ethos, emphasizes positive rights and duties, ensuring that rights are not only protected but also effectively realized through state action. This approach, the article suggests, offers a more equitable and inclusive vision of rights and citizenship.
The Role Of Legal Rhetoric In The Failure Of Democratic Change In China, Joseph W. Dellapenna
The Role Of Legal Rhetoric In The Failure Of Democratic Change In China, Joseph W. Dellapenna
Buffalo Journal of International Law
No abstract provided.
The German Duality Of State And Society, David Abraham
Punitive Damages In Ancient Roman And Contemporary American Tort Law, Esther Julia Sonntag
Punitive Damages In Ancient Roman And Contemporary American Tort Law, Esther Julia Sonntag
LLM Theses and Essays
Both ancient Roman and contemporary American tort law recognize a type of damages that, instead of compensating the plaintiff for harm suffered, punishes the wrongdoer. In American law, courts can award two distinct amounts of money: compensatory damages for the plaintiff’s loss, and punitive damages as punishment and deterrence. Ancient Roman law had more extreme forms of remedies. In both legal systems there has been a trend to restrict punitive damages over time. The United States made efforts in the 1980s to place caps on punitive damages, which were referred to as “relics of the past,” and enhance requirements for …
Women, Just Implementation Of Asylum Policy, And Our Commitment To Human Dignity And Freedom, John Linarelli
Women, Just Implementation Of Asylum Policy, And Our Commitment To Human Dignity And Freedom, John Linarelli
Scholarly Works
No abstract provided.
The Continental Moral Rights Doctrine And Its Applicability In The United States Copyright System, Oswaldo Jose Quintana
The Continental Moral Rights Doctrine And Its Applicability In The United States Copyright System, Oswaldo Jose Quintana
LLM Theses and Essays
In the last half of the twentieth century, international copyright protection has become of much greater concern as the copyright industry has become supranational. Treaties enacted in the last ten years such as the Berne Convention Implementation Act, the Uruguay Round Agreements Act, and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, provide the highest copyright protection available at the international level. Global piracy has declined in the last several years because of these provisions. However, the adherence by the United States to these treaties has caused controversy; some maintain that it represents a major overhaul of federal law …
On Humiliation, Jeremy Waldron
On Humiliation, Jeremy Waldron
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Humiliation, and Other Essays on Honor, Social Discomfort, and Violence by William Ian Miller
Post-Soviet Organized Crime And The Rule Of Law, 28 J. Marshall L. Rev. 827 (1995), Louise Shelley
Post-Soviet Organized Crime And The Rule Of Law, 28 J. Marshall L. Rev. 827 (1995), Louise Shelley
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Development Of The Democratic Institutions & (And) The Rule Of Law In The Former Soviet Union: A Round Table Discussion, 28 J. Marshall L. Rev. 865 (1995), Elena Bonner
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Free Speech And The Mass Media In Russia: Lessons From The December 1993 Election And Constitutional Referendum, Melissa Dawson
Free Speech And The Mass Media In Russia: Lessons From The December 1993 Election And Constitutional Referendum, Melissa Dawson
Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal
No abstract provided.
When Body Is Soul: The Proposed Japanese Bill On Organ Transplantations From Brain-Dead Donors, David Forster
When Body Is Soul: The Proposed Japanese Bill On Organ Transplantations From Brain-Dead Donors, David Forster
Washington International Law Journal
Organ transplantations from brain-dead donors have been de facto prohibited in Japan since 1968. Buddhism, Shintoism, the Japanese concept of personhood, Japanese medical and hospital practices, the police, and the Patient's Rights Conference have all contributed to this situation. However, consensus has been growing in Japanese society and government that these operations should be legalized. The Diet began considering a proposed bill to this end on April 12, 1994. This comment argues that the bill ought to be passed. If passed, this bill will save the lives of many Japanese, it will end the difficulties Japanese currently encounter going overseas …
Canada's New Immigration Act: An Affront To The Charter And Canada's Collective Conscience?, Mark Anthony Drumbl
Canada's New Immigration Act: An Affront To The Charter And Canada's Collective Conscience?, Mark Anthony Drumbl
Scholarly Articles
This essay explores the constitutionality of sections 46.01(1) and 19(1)(c.1)(i) of the federal Immigration Act. These sections empower immigration officials to exclude from the refugee determination process any claimant who has arrived in Canada via a "safe" third country or who has been determined to have committed a criminal offence in the home country, unless the claimant falls into several narrow exceptions provided by the statute. The author submits that these provisions violate the procedural requirements of fundamental justice guaranteed by section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. A further investigation is made as to whether these …
Exploring The Constitutional Limits To Workfare And Learnfare, Mark Anthony Drumbl
Exploring The Constitutional Limits To Workfare And Learnfare, Mark Anthony Drumbl
Scholarly Articles
In recent times, there has been growing interest in the concepts of mandatory work and training programs for social assistance recipients. In this article, the author examines the social policy arguments for and against such programs. He also analyzes them from the perspective of the Charter of Rights. He concludes that mandatory work and training programs may be subject to legal challenge under the Charter of Rights unless participation is voluntary or the programs are carefully designed.
Liberalization Of India’S Trade And Investment Policies: Pitfalls And Advantages For U.S. Firms Doing Business In India, Sanjiv Verma
Liberalization Of India’S Trade And Investment Policies: Pitfalls And Advantages For U.S. Firms Doing Business In India, Sanjiv Verma
LLM Theses and Essays
A rich history of trade and commerce ties America to India. This paper examines the contemporary trade issues between America and India, particularly in light of recent economic reforms in India. It inquires into and analyzes the various advantages India can provide for US businesses as a foreign investment destination. Various barriers to trade between these two nations are identified, such as tariff and nontariff barriers, quota restrictions, and infrastructural and social barriers. This paper gives a brief overview of some of the recent economic policy changes in India, suggests legislative and policy improvements required to attract more US investments …
Nov. 29, 1993, Corresponence From Sr. Bank Staff, Re Potential Candidates For Wbp, Ibrd
Nov. 29, 1993, Corresponence From Sr. Bank Staff, Re Potential Candidates For Wbp, Ibrd
WBIP Creation Up To 1993
No abstract provided.
Nov. 1993, Eurodad, Third World Debt In The 1990s, Eurodad
Nov. 1993, Eurodad, Third World Debt In The 1990s, Eurodad
WBIP Creation Up To 1993
No abstract provided.