Comparative and Foreign Law Commons^™

Religious Freedom In The People's Republic Of China, Cymonie Rowe

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

The People's Republic of China has, during the latter part of this century, consistently restricted one's right to religious freedom. Religious rights, as well as other rights, within the People's Republic of China have been the subject of much controversy around the world.

An Assessment Of The Yugoslavia War Crimes Tribunal, Michael P. Scharf

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

In May 1993, in response to the "ethnic cleansing" of some 250,000 Muslims in the former Yugoslavia, the Security Council adopted a resolution establishing the Yugoslavia Tribunal; in September 1993, the General Assembly elected the Tribunal's judges; and in July 1994, the Security Council appointed its Prosecutor.

Defining Terms In The Intellectual Property Protection Debate: Are The North And South Arguing Past Each Other When We Say "Property"? A Lockean, Confucian, And Islamic Comparison, Richard E. Vaughan

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

The concept of intellectual property, or ideas protected by patents, copyrights, and trademarks, has been around since at least the 13^th century. However, it is only in the last decade that "piracy," or the illegal copying and selling of copywritten or patented material, has become a contentious issue in trade negotiations between the nations of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

El Tratado De Libre Comercio: Las Razones Sobre Su Adopcion Y Los Requisitos Para Ser Un Consultante Legal Extranjero En Un Pals Que Sea Un Partido Al Nafta, Michael Chrusch

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

En una economia global, todos los paises cambien productos y servicios entre si. El comercio Internacional es esencial para lograr una economia global. Mientras que el mundo se mueve para hacer una economia global, la necesidad de un comercio internacional de mercaderias y servicios aumenta.

Costa Rican Commercial Arbitration Rules And The U.S. Federal Arbitration Act, Jurgen Nanne Koberg

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Commercial arbitration is a method of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) that is being used around the world to avoid lengthy and costly legal appearances before judicial authorities. "In arbitration, the parties voluntarily agree to refer their existing or future disputes to a third party for determination and they agree in advance to accept the arbitrator's decision as final and binding

Ilsa Journal Of International & Comparative Law, Ilsa Journal Of International & Comparative Law

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

The concept of intellectual property, or ideas protected by patents, copyrights, and trademarks, has been around since at least the 13^th century. However, it is only in the last decade that "piracy," or the illegal copying and selling of copywritten or patented material, has become a contentious issue in trade negotiations between the nations of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

Introductory Remarks: Panel On Internal Conflicts, John R. Crook

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Welcome. The purpose of our panel this morning is to look at some difficult questions related to nature and the role of international law applicable in non-international conflicts. Most of the world's conflicts today are not international.

Viet Nam Or Bust: Why Trademark Pirates Are Leaving China For Better Opportunities In Viet Nam, Graziella M. Sarno

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

Refugee Act Of 1980: An Empty Promise To Exploited Children, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 995 (1996), Jill C. Stroguiludis

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

If It Walks Like A Duck: A Proposal To Unify U.S. Customs' Treatment Of Infringing Imports, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 711 (1996), Keith M. Stolte

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Land Title Issues For Countries In Transition: The American Experience, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 799 (1996), Hugh A. Brodkey

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Sovereignty, Freedom, And Civil Society: Toward A New Jerusalem, Antonio F. Perez

Scholarly Articles

Jerusalem has become a symbol of the world's past. In one sense, of course, it is holy ground to three of the world's great historical religions. The very identity of Muslims, Christians, and Jews are bound up in stories in which the city of Jerusalem plays a large, and sometimes central, role. But Jerusalem is also a symbol of the past in a much different way. Much like today's system of states, the debate concerning sovereignty over Jerusalem is a prisoner of the history of international law-a history that has been told in the language of absolute and undivided sovereignty …

Using American Antitrust To Interpret Costa Rican Competition Law, Pedro M. Mufoz

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Of course I know, and every other sensible man knows, that the Sherman law is damned nonsense, but if my country wants to go to hell, I am here to help it.

Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.

In the model of perfect competition, the market is so populated by sellers and buyers that no one individual can influence the market price through' the manipulation of input or output. "All relevant prices are known to each producer, who also knows of all input combinations technically capable of producing any specific combination of outputs and who makes input-output decisions solely to maximize …

Contratacion Entre Una Empresa Japones Y Una Empresa Estadounidense: Las Diferencias En La Importancia De Los Documentos Escritos Como El Acuerdo Final En El Japon Y Los Estados Unidos, Kizuki Kuzuhara

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Las Diferencias en el Enfoque para Formar un Contrato

Generalmente, el enfoque japonds a la formaci6n de un contrato difiere significativamente al enfoque estadounidense. Desde luego, sin estas diferencias muchas disputas entre estos pafses no existirian.

Usando Antimonopolio Estadounidense Para Interpretar La Ley De Competencia Costarricense, Pedro M. Mufioz

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

En el modelo de la competencia perfecta el mercado estA tan poblado por vendedores y compradores que ninguno de ellos puede – bien mediante la manipulaci6n de aporte o rendimiento - influenciar el precio del mercado.

La Norma Costarricense Sobre Elarbitraje Comercial Y La Ley Federal Sobre Arbitraje, Jurgen Nanne Koberg

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

El arbitraje comercial es un m6todo de procedimientos para resolver disputas sin litigo alternativo de conflictos (RAC) que ha sido usado mundialmente para evitar los extensos y costosos de procedimientos ante autoridades judiciales.

Proscribiendo El Uso De Refugiados Como Instrumentos De La Politica Extranjera, Geoffrey W. Hymans

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Presuma que usted es el dictador de un pais pequefio adyacente a una naci6n pr6spera e industrializada. Usted tiene poca interacci6n con esta naci6n porque objeta a la manera en que usted mantiene control de los disidentes en su pafs. Pero hay politicas internas de la naci6n pr6spera que, si cambiadas, pueden traer un beneficio econ6mico a su pais.

The North American Free Trade Agreement: Reasons For Passage And Requirements To Be A Foreign Legal Consultant In A Nafta Country, Michael J. Chrusch

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Under a global economy, countries around the world trade with each other. International trade is essential to achieving a global economy. As the world moves toward a global economy, the need for international trade of goods and services is increasing. Numerous agreements between countries have been passed to facilitate international trade

Peruvian International Tax Treaties, Adrian Revilla

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Peru agrees with the idea that double tax treaties are not only useful, but invaluable tools in promoting understanding, stability and confidence among the participants in international commerce. The tangible benefits of the mechanisms provided by double-tax treaties include: the lowering of costs to the investor, the attraction of capital, and a shared understanding on the part of tax administrations of how the limited tax revenues from productive enterprises will be apportioned.

Recent Activity Before The International Court Of Justice: Trend Or Cycle?, Gary L. Scott, Heather Macgregor Bothwell, Jennifer Pennel

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Following the United States refusal to participate in the Nicaragua case,' and its subsequent withdrawal from the so-called "optional clause,", a great deal of pessimism surrounded the future of the International Court of Justice.3 Less than a decade later, and only half way through the decade of international law, it would appear, to paraphrase Mark Twain, that reports of the court's demise were greatly exaggerated.

Seguro De Credito Para Las Exportaciones Y El Acuredo General Sobre Aranceles Y Comercio, Rafael E. Cafas, Eric Scharf

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

A partir de la finalizaci6n de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, se han incrementado los esfuerzos para limitar la aplicaci6n de barreras que afectan: el comercio internacional, perjudican la competencia entre paises y impiden la globolizaci6n de un sistema de mercado libre. En virtud de to anterior, se ha procurado que los subsidios de credito a las exportaciones no constituyan un elemento de competencia en las transacciones internacionales

General Principles Of International Environmental Law, Max Valverde Soto

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

This article is a description of the general principles and rules of international environmental law that have emerged from international treaties, agreements, and customs. The significance of the generality of these principles is that they can be applied to the international community for the protection of the environment.

Outlawing The Use Of Refugees As Tools Of Foreign Policy, Geoffrey W. Hymans

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Assume that you are the dictator of a small country adjacent to a prosperous first world nation. You have little interaction with this nation because it objects to the manner in which you maintain control of the dissidents in your country. However, there are internal policies of the prosperous nation that, if changed, could bring an economic windfall to your country.

A Comparative Study Of The Jewish And The United States Constitutional Law Of Capital Punishment, Steven Davidoff

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

The Jewish view on the death penalty is that it should exist but it should never be used .... [lI]t is Governor Pataki's job to ensure :order. But he must remember that as a leader he must exhibit attributes of both the father and the mother. Governor Pataki is a nice man. But if he acts on the death penalty, he will be the leader of a bloody government

Contracting Between A Japanese Enterprise And An American Enterprise: The Differences In The Importance Of Written Documents As The Final Agreement In The United States And Japan, Kizuki Kuzuhara

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

"One cause of the failure of mission work is that most of the missionaries are entirely ignorant of our history . . . 'what do we care for heathen records?' . . . and consequently estrange their religion from the habits of thought we and our forefathers have been accustomed to for centuries past."'

A. The Differences in the Approach to Forming a Contract

Generally, the Japanese approach to contract formation differs significantly from the American approach. Indeed, without this difference many disputes between the countries would not exist. Nevertheless, presently, the typical American business person says the Japanese approach …

Credit Insurance For Exports And The General Agreement On Tariffs And Trade, Rafael E. Cafias, Eric Scharf

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

By the end of World War II, increased efforts have been made to limit the enforcement of certain trade barriers which affect international trade, hinder the competition between countries, and prevents the globalization of a free-market system. It is in this light, that endeavors have taken place to avoid export credit subsidies from becoming a competitive element in international transactions. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

Principios Generales Del Derecho Ambiental Internacional, Max Valverde Soto

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Este articulo pretende describir las normas y principios generals del derecho internacional del medio ambiente surgidos a partir de tratados, convenios y costumbres internacionales. La significancia de la generalidad de estos principios es que se podrian aplicar a la comunidad internacional para la protecci6n del medio ambiente.

International Law And Anti-Personnel Landmines, Ariane Sand-Trigo

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Antipersonnel land mines are among the deadliest and most insidious weapons in the world today: their aim is to maim for life, they cannot distinguish between the footfall of a soldier and that of a child and they recognize no cease-fire or end to war. More than 110 million active mines are scattered in sixty-four countries and the problem is growing worse at a dramatic rate.

International Law And Anti-Personnel Land Mines, Stephen Goose

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Human Rights Watch was one of the six non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that initiated the International Campaign to Ban Land Mines in 1992. The Campaign calls for a comprehensive international ban on the production, stockpiling, trade and use of antipersonnel land mines. It also calls for increased international resources for mine clearance and victim assistance programs.

The Historical Origins Of The Alien Tort Statute: A Response To The Originalists, William S. Dodge

UC Law SF International Law Review

The Alien Tort Statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1350, which provides federal jurisdiction over suits by aliens for torts in violation of the law of nations, has been used repeatedly in human rights litigation since Filartiga v. Pefia-Irala, 630 F.2d 876 (2d Cir. 1980). This Article looks at the history of the Alien Tort Statute, tracing its origins to the Alien Tort Clause of the 1789 Judiciary Act and, before that, to a 1781 resolution of the Continental Congress urging States to allow damages suits to redress violations of the law of nations. This history shows that the Alien Tort Statute …