Comparative and Foreign Law Commons^™

Impacts Of Iprs Basic Provisions In Cptpp On Technology Transfer And Innovation - Suggestion In Indonesia, Nguyen Phan Quoc

Indonesian Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Visually Impaired Persons And Access To Copyrighted Works: The Indian Roadmap, Anjana Girish, Saraswathy Vaidyanathan

Indonesian Journal of International Law

The copyright regime poses challenges to visually impaired persons, such as the inability to access books written in a format suitable for their reading needs. Therefore, in 2013, the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Blind Persons, Visually Impaired, or Otherwise Print Disabled was carried out to resolve these challenges. India has adopted certain exceptions in its copyright regime, which facilitate access to the visually impaired. However, the beneficial effects of these provisions remain debatable. This research is based on an empirical study conducted on the effectiveness of the provisions of the Indian Copyright Act on facilitating …

Critical Examination Of The Intellectual Property Regimes In The Gulf-Co-Operation Council (Gcc) States, Nadia Naim

Indonesian Journal of International Law

The research focuses on the intellectual property developments made by the member states of the GCC and how intellectual property development and subsequent deployment, can act as a catalyst for financial prosperity. The main purpose of the research is to analyse and examine the intellectual property provisions currently in existence within the states of the GCC. The aim is to provide recommendations to improve the current level of intellectual property protection at both a national level and at a state level in the GCC through an integrated intellectual property protection model. There have been three main stages in the development …

The Implementation Of The Traditional Cultural Expression (Tce) Protection In Indonesia Based On Article 38 Law Number 28 Of 2014 Regarding Copyright, Prasetyo Hadi Purwandoko, Adi Sulistiyono, M. Hawin

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Indonesia as a multicultural and multi-ethnicity country has a wide Traditional Cultural Expression (TCE) which needs active protection as a cultural heritage from extinction and to provide certain economic benefits. However, a lot of elements are endangered due to the effect of globalization, lack of facilities, appreciation, and comprehension which cause erosion of values, functions, and cultural elements. This research was, therefore, conducted to discuss the implementation of TCE protection in Indonesia based on Article 38 Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright (Copyright Law 2014). It was concluded that the implementation of TCE protection is through the Draft of …

Masthead

UC Law SF International Law Review

No abstract provided.

From The Editor-In-Chief, Liliana A. León Rivera

UC Law SF International Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Relational Governance Perspective On The Politics Of China’S Social Credit System For Corporations, Alice De Jonge

UC Law SF International Law Review

This paper uses a comparative method to analyze China’s evolving Social Credit System (SCS) for corporations, and the political discourse used to portray SCS as a governance tool facilitating Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) with Chinese characteristics. A modified relational governance framework is used. The importance of relationships (guanxi) in the Chinese business context is that it makes a modified form of the relational governance perspective uniquely appropriate. This study also draws upon evolving literature examining the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in international business contexts.

China’s corporate SCS is explicitly designed to evaluate corporate behavior through a “scoring” system of …

Buyer Beware: An Exploratory Assessment Of The Static And Dynamic Effects Of The New Chilean Food Labeling Model, Omar Vasquez Duque

UC Law SF International Law Review

Chile recently introduced an innovative food warning label system that intends to reduce current overweight and obesity levels among the Chilean population. This initiative has been generally commended worldwide. Chile’s new food labeling system mandates food producers to include a warning label that resembles a stop sign when the product exceeds a certain level of calories, fat, sodium, and sugar per 100 mg. The idea behind this regulation is that by making health risks more salient to eaters with simplified disclosures, people will change their eating behavior.

As a consequence of this new law, many product markets show a clear …

Unilateral Economic Sanctions And Protecting U.S. National Security, Fatemeh Bagherzadeh

UC Law SF International Law Review

Terrorism remains the most important national security concern. Multi-national economic organizations around the world have increasingly established counter-terrorism commissions to assess the magnitude of the threat posed by terrorism. Economic sanctions have been a counter-terrorism measure for many decades and remain an essential tool of U.S. foreign policy and a mechanism to protect the U.S. national security interests. In recent years, the internationalization of terrorism and emergence of non-state terrorist actors has led the U.S. to use smart targeted sanctions to dismantle financial support of terrorism. Yet, conventional country-specific nation-wide sanctions that penalize a single target nation, continue to be …

Intellectual Property Rights And Public Policy On The Role Of Plain Packaging And Health Care In India, Anil Kumar Vishwakarma, Maria Devi Angerhofer

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Although tobacco is a multi-billion-dollar industry globally, its consumers are prone to various non-communicable diseases, such as cancer, heart attack, etc. Therefore, to prevent this, many states have taken initiatives to discourage the consumption of this harmful product. Many international organizations like World Health Organization (WHO) have supported these preventive measures through The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). The main objective of this convention is to encourage the concept of packaging all brands of tobacco products in a uniform standard, which is known as the Plain packaging process. This was the first initiative adopted by Australia. This …

Why The 2020 U.S.-China Trade Agreement Needs Anticorruption Provisions For The Protection Of Intellectual Property, Daniel C.K. Chow

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Art Of Economic War: Cultural Property Import Tariffs As Foreign Policy, Catherine Braun

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Masthead, Jounral Of International & Comparative Law, Notre Dame Law School

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Editor, Fon Bisalbutr

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Liability And Emerging Digital Technologies: An Eu Perspective, Maria L. Montagnani, Mirta Cavallo

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

“A Mad And Melancholy Record”: The Crisis Of International Law Histories, Vasuki Nesiah

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Lecture By John Tasioulas: Just Global Health: Integrating Human Rights And Common Goods., Journal Of International & Comparative Law, Notre Dame Law School

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Potential Impact Of Climate Change Litigation On Government Policy, Fon Bisalbutr

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Climate Change, Competition & Conflict Along The River Nile: The Great Ethiopian Renaissance Dam & Shifting Customary International Water Law, Salma Shitia

Fordham Environmental Law Review

Decade-long negotiations between the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia surround the decision to build the hydroelectric power plant along the River Nile. For much of Ethiopia, the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam represents a beacon of prosperity. For countless Egyptians, the structure embodies a potential catastrophe. Grounded in threats of displacement for Egyptian agricultural communities, some have compared the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam crisis to disasters culminating in mass migration.

This battle for natural resource access has intensified as climate change exacerbates the region’s dire conditions. Specifically, exhaustible resource allocation amid climate change indicates that …

A Paper Tiger? Prosecutorial Regulators In China’S Civil Environmental Public Interest Litigations, Chunyan Ding, Huina Xiao

Fordham Environmental Law Review

In July 2015, China’s national legislature brought in prosecutor-led civil environmental public interest litigation (“EPIL”) for thirteen selected provincial areas of the country. After a two-year legal experiment, this prosecutor-led civil EPIL system was then established nationwide in July 2017. Yet, can it be said that prosecutorial regulators in China are in fact a paper tiger? Drawing upon content analysis of the 655 prosecutor-led civil EPILs and in-depth interviews with twelve frontline prosecutors and judges, this article examines the dynamics of regulatory practice and the motivation of the Chinese prosecutorial organs to engage in environmental regulation through litigation. Based upon …

The Yoga Analogy: Scaling-Up The U.S.’S Renewable Energy Sector Mindfully With New Technologies, Evolving Standards, Public Buy-In, Data Sharing, And Innovation Clusters, Kimberly E. Diamond

Fordham Environmental Law Review

This paper focuses on innovative renewable energy devices, exploring how scientifically-based industry standards that continuously evolve with engineering design technology, the public’s buy-in and feeling of connectedness with groundbreaking devices, and innovation clusters that accelerate device development through data sharing and public-private partnerships can all help advance the U.S.’s domestic renewable energy industry.

Part I analyzes challenges inherent to scaling- up novel renewable energy technologies while simultaneously developing the industry standards regulating them. Part II uses the Block Island Wind Farm, an offshore wind demonstration project, and Pavegen’s globally-deployed arrays of piezoelectric smart flooring tiles as examples illustrating the importance …

Environmental Racism: Using Environmental Planning To Lift People Out Of Poverty, And Re-Shape The Effects Of Climate Change & Pollution In Communities Of Color,, William C.C. Kemp-Neal

Fordham Environmental Law Review

In the mid-1900s the United States began to see a rise in concern for environmental awareness issues. In the early days the movement focused on things like clean air, water and pollution but by the 1970s-1990s many prominent environmental awareness groups began to form focused on the idea that in order to avert climate change the principal goal needed to be to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. In 1987 a report was released called Toxic Waste and Race, which outlined an intimate link between the placement of environmental hazardous waste sites in communities of color, and greater instances of polluted …

Beyond Equity: Shared Natural Resources And Human Rights, Criminal Law, And The Use Of Force, Eian Katz

Fordham Environmental Law Review

Transboundary resource disputes are often analyzed by reference to two nebulous and conflicting principles that have emerged in international environmental law: “equitable and reasonable utilization” and “no significant harm.” Frequently overlooked in this context is the potential value of other canons of international law—especially human rights law, criminal law, and the rules governing the use of force—in adding definition to the muddled contours of these foundational precepts. This Article therefore undertakes an assessment of sovereign rights and obligations regarding shared natural resources which arise from these other bodies of law. In doing so, it offers new lenses through which to …

Squaring The Cercla: Superfund And The Superfund Task Force, Manny Marcos

Fordham Environmental Law Review

The Superfund Task Force recently released its final report on the implementation of its recommendations for improving the Superfund program. The Task Force was given five goals for improving the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (“CERCLA’s”), implementation. These goals are to expedite cleanup and remediation, re-invigorate responsible party cleanup and reuse, encourage foreign investment, promote redevelopment and community revitalization, and engage with partners and stakeholders. While the Task Force’s recommendations have improved CERCLA’s implementation, many of CERCLA’s structural flaws remain intact. Specifically, CERCLA still has a severe shortage of funding, an unfair liability scheme, perverse incentives, …

Masthead & Table Of Contents

Dalhousie Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Domestic Revenue Mobilization Through Corporate Income Tax In An East African Developing Country Context, Afton Titus

Dalhousie Law Journal

The laudable objective of making the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) a reality requires the targeted use of financial resources. It has become imperative for governments to raise such financial resources through mechanisms that facilitate the domestic mobilization of revenues. This paper argues that in an African developing country context, corporate income tax represents the most effective means by which governments may raise the required funds. Corporate income tax remains an important source of revenue for African countries. This paper further proposes: (i) the design of the essential features of a corporate income tax system that properly accounts for the economy …

Origin And Differentiation In International Income Allocation, Ivan Ozai

Dalhousie Law Journal

The present international tax rules are typically justified by origin-based theories. These theories align countries’ tax entitlements with the geographical location of the economic factors that contribute to the creation of income. Two recent phenomena have rendered origin-based approaches limited in scope. First, the economic integration of multinational corporations and the relevance of intangibles have made it infeasible to precisely pinpoint the factors contributing to the generation of income. Second, the growing disputes between countries about which economic factors should be considered relevant for sharing the international tax base have recently led to increased consideration of distributional consequences, thus moving …

International Arbitration: The New Frontier Of Business And Human Rights Dispute Resolution?, Tamar Meshel

Dalhousie Law Journal

The question of redress for corporate human rights violations remains daunting. Access to justice challenges faced by rights holders before domestic courts have placed this issue at the forefront of international discourse, and many initiatives have attempted to improve rights holders’ access to effective remedies. This article examines one such initiative, namely international arbitration. The article focuses on the use of international arbitration in the business and human rights context pursuant to the 2013 Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh and the recently launched Hague Rules on Business and Human Rights Arbitration. It evaluates the extent to which …

Cross-Border Tax Transparency: A Study Of Recent Policy Developments In Turkey, Leyla Ateş

Dalhousie Law Journal

Transnational tax information cooperation has the crucial role of empowering tax administrations to collect tax revenues in full and on time, thereby narrowing the tax gap created by international evasion and avoidance. However, the adequacy of established transnational tax information exchange systems in combatting international tax evasion and avoidance has been severely criticized and a new wave of progress on transparency has started after the 2008 global economic crisis. In this direction, Turkey set cross-border tax transparency high on its political agenda. Though, Turkey has operationalized new transnational tax cooperation agreements very slowly. Furthermore, Turkey’s approach to exchanging information has …

Designing A More Sustainable Global Tax System, Allison Christians

Dalhousie Law Journal

The international tax system incentivizes unsustainable business practices because it ignores the private profits created by externalizing human, societal, and environmental costs. This paper proposes a novel reform: applying living wage and externality assessment tools to the rules for establishing where income arises for tax purposes. To do so, I propose a method that is relatively complex but arguably more accurate (in tax terms) and a complementary but relatively simpler proxy method. I examine how each method would implicate treaty-based and domestic rules and processes and conclude that the proposed design provides a viable starting point to make the global …