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Articles 61 - 71 of 71
Full-Text Articles in Banking and Finance Law
Identifying And Managing Systemic Risk: An Assessment Of Our Progress, Steven L. Schwarcz
Identifying And Managing Systemic Risk: An Assessment Of Our Progress, Steven L. Schwarcz
Faculty Scholarship
Although a chain of bank failures remains an important symbol of systemic risk, the ongoing trend towards disintermediation—or enabling companies to directly access the ultimate source of funds, the capital (i.e., financial) markets, without going through banks or other financial intermediaries—is making these failures less critical than in the past. While banks and other financial institutions remain important sources of capital, companies today are able to obtain most of their financing through financial markets without the use of intermediaries. As a result, financial markets themselves are increasingly central to any examination of systemic risk.
Our Not-So-Great Depression, Craig Green
Our Not-So-Great Depression, Craig Green
Michigan Law Review
A Failure of Capitalism by Richard Posner is not a great book, and it does not pretend to be one. Posner summarizes the economic crisis of 2008-09 and considers proposals to reduce current suffering and avoid future recurrence (p. xvi). But when the book's final edits were made in February 2009, it was still too soon for authoritative solutions or full accounts of what had happened. Instead, Posner wrote a conspicuously contemporary-and thus incomplete-description of the crisis as it looked to him at the time (p. xvii). Now one year later, readers may need a reminder about the value of …
Too Big To Fail?: Recasting The Financial Safety Net, Steven L. Schwarcz
Too Big To Fail?: Recasting The Financial Safety Net, Steven L. Schwarcz
Faculty Scholarship
Government safety nets in the United States and abroad focus, anachronistically, on problems of banks and other financial institutions, largely ignoring financial markets which have become major credit sources for consumers and companies. Besides failing to protect these markets, this narrow focus encourages morally hazardous behavior by large institutions, like AIG and Citigroup, that are "too big to fail." This paper examines how a safety net should be recast to protect financial markets and also explains why that safety net would mitigate moral hazard and help resolve the too-big-to-fail dilemma.
Four Challenges To Financial Regulatory Reform, Eric J. Pan
Four Challenges To Financial Regulatory Reform, Eric J. Pan
Villanova Law Review (1956 - )
The article discusses the challenges that should be addressed in a successful financial regulatory reform. These challenges include the structuring of regulatory systems, separation of prudential supervision and consumer protection regulation, the entity responsible for monitoring and managing systemic risk, and the supervision of cross-border financial services and transactions. The reform proposals considered by Great Britain, the U.S., and European Union are analyzed.
A Comparison Of The Handling Of The Financial Crisis In The United States, The United Kingdom, And Australia, Elizabeth F. Brown
A Comparison Of The Handling Of The Financial Crisis In The United States, The United Kingdom, And Australia, Elizabeth F. Brown
Villanova Law Review (1956 - )
The article discusses how the U.S., Great Britain and Australia handled the financial crisis, as of July 2010. It analyzes the reasons why Australia was less affected by the crisis than the U.S. and Great Britain. The author suggests that the U.S. would perform well to adopt a Twin Peaks Model which creates two agencies that regulate a broad range of financial entities but focus on narrow goals.
Distorting Legal Principles, Steven L. Schwarcz
Distorting Legal Principles, Steven L. Schwarcz
Faculty Scholarship
Legal principles enable society to order itself by preserving broadly based expectations. Sometimes, however, parties transact in ways that are so inconsistent with generally accepted principles as to create uncertainty or confusion that undermines the basis for reasoning afforded by the principles. Such a distortion might occur, for example, if a normally mandatory legal rule were unexpectedly treated as a default rule. This article explores the problem of distorting legal principles, initially focusing on rehypothecation, a distortion whose uncertainty and confusion contributed to the downfall of Lehman Brothers and the resulting global financial crisis. But not all distortions are, on …
Insurance Perspectives On Federal Financial Regulatory Reform: Addressing Misunderstandings And Providing A View From A Different Paradigm, Jeffrey E. Thomas
Insurance Perspectives On Federal Financial Regulatory Reform: Addressing Misunderstandings And Providing A View From A Different Paradigm, Jeffrey E. Thomas
Villanova Law Review (1956 - )
The article discusses the insurance regulation in the U.S. and its role in the financial crisis. It states that the collapse of American International Group (AIG) was not an insurance regulatory failure. It describes the scope and approach to state insurance regulation and the development and functioning of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). The role played by the courts in insurance regulation is also addressed.
Keynote Address: Understanding The ‘Subprime’ Financial Crisis, Steven L. Schwarcz
Keynote Address: Understanding The ‘Subprime’ Financial Crisis, Steven L. Schwarcz
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Future Of Securitization, Steven L. Schwarcz
The Future Of Securitization, Steven L. Schwarcz
Faculty Scholarship
Securitization, a process in which firms can raise low-cost financing by efficiently allocating asset risks with investor appetite for risk, has been one of the most dominant and fastest-growing means of capital formation in the United States and the world. The subprime financial crisis, however, has revealed certain defects with how securitization is sometimes utilized. This article examines these defects and the extent they can, and should, be remedied going forward.
Keynote Address: The Case For A Market Liquidity Provider Of Last Resort, Steven L. Schwarcz
Keynote Address: The Case For A Market Liquidity Provider Of Last Resort, Steven L. Schwarcz
Faculty Scholarship
This short paper, prepared as a keynote address, explains why the credit crunch is fundamentally a story about financial markets, not banks. Its cause was a collapse of securitization and other debt markets, which have become major sources of financing for consumers and companies. Deprived of this financing, consumers have had difficulty purchasing homes and automobiles, and companies have had difficulty purchasing inventory and making capital investments, causing the real economy to shrink. This paper examines how these financial markets should be protected. Although already subject to many prescriptive regulatory protections, these markets evolve faster than regulation can adapt. The …
Markets, Systemic Risk, And The Subprime Mortgage Crisis, Steven L. Schwarcz
Markets, Systemic Risk, And The Subprime Mortgage Crisis, Steven L. Schwarcz
Faculty Scholarship
The recent subprime mortgage meltdown is undermining financial market stability and has the potential to cause a true systemic breakdown, collapsing the world's financial systems like a row of dominoes. This essay uses the subprime crisis to demonstrate that existing protections against systemic risk, which focus on banks and largely ignore financial markets, are anachronistic and misguided. Because companies increasingly access financial markets without going through banks, an effective framework for containing systemic risk must focus on markets.