Law Commons^™

Some Reflections On The Contribution Of The International Court Of Justice To The Development Of International Law, Manfred Lachs

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

This article focuses on the ways in which the International Court of Justice influences international law.

International Control Of Illicit Movement Of The Cultural Heritage: The 1970 Unesco Convention And Some Possible Alternatives, Lyndel V. Prott

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

The author argues that it is necessary to use international law to prevent the illicit transfer of the cultural heritage of the nations of the world; utilizing the 1970 UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property; as well as other measures to accomplish this.

A Comparison Of Compensation For Nationalization Of Alien Property With Standards Of Compensation Under United States Domestic Law, Haliburton Fales

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

This Article will attempt to show that, despite much scholarly disparagement of the traditional "prompt, adequate and effective" standard of compensation for expropriation, when put to the test of deciding actual cases through arbitration, international law produces results not dissimilar from what might be expected under the standard. The Article compares the law of damages in international arbitration with United States domestic law and points out their similarities.

A Comparative Study Of British Barristers And American Legal Practice And Education, Marilyn J. Berger

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

The conduct of a trial in England is undeniably an impressive undertaking. Costume alone transports the viewer to Elizabethan times. Counsel and judges, bewigged and gowned, appear in a cloistered, regal setting, strewn with leather-bound books. Brightly colored ribbons of red, green, yellow and white, rather than metal clips and staples fasten the legal papers. After comparison with the volatile atmosphere and often unruly conduct of a trial in a United States courtroom it is natural to assume that the British model of courtroom advocacy provides an instructive model for its American counterpart.

Recent Development In Insider Trading Through Swiss Bank Accounts: An End To The "Double Standard", Jonathan Levin

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

In recent years, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has increased its efforts to combat insider trading in publicly-traded securities in order to ensure fairness, honesty, and confidence in the United States securities markets. Nevertheless, insiders continue to employ Swiss banks as a conduit for their trading activie with little fear of detection.

Book Review: The Law And Organisation Of International Commodity Agreements By Kabir-Ur-Rahman Khan

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

One wonders why a book that addresses a seemingly dead subject would be published now. Thus, the appearance on my desk of Kabir-ur-Rahman Kahn's book came as something of a surprise, particularly since I believed that I was the only other person in the history of humanity to devote book-length energy to the general subject of law and policy in intergovernmental primary commodity agreements. I was delighted, to say the least, to see that interest in the subject of primary commodity organizations had not faded away with the expansive dreams of the Common Fund. On the contrary, this new work …

Japanese Labor Relations And Legal Implications Of Their Possible Use In The United States, Marcia J. Cavens

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

Current economic conditions have led many United States companies to search for ways of regaining competitive positions in international markets. Japan's enviable succes in international trade suggests several possible remedies, one of which is development of more harmonious labor-management relations. Some commentators have opposed the application of these cooperative labor practices in the United States, claiming that cultural differences are insurmountable. Japanese-style labor relations, however, have been implemented in the United States, either by conscious imitation, or though similar, domestically developed systems termed quality of worklife and participative management programs. Speculations about and experiments with Japanese labor relations have become …

Investing In Nigeria - The Law, Good Intentions, Illusion And Substance, Richard J. Faletti

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

The Journal has expressed concern whether the New Year's Eve coup d'etat in Nigeria may not have made obsolete the contents of this article. The mechanical workings of government in Nigeria are handled by a massive civil service bureaucracy. A new government will replace ministers and possibly permanent secretaries, but it will go no further. Many of the procedures, regulations and laws discussed within were put in place by the previous military government prior to 1979, were continued by the elected government, and will not be terminated by the new military government. I am convinced that bureaucratic life will go …

Book Review: The New Nationalism And The Use Of Common Spaces: Issues In Marine Pollution And The Exploitation Of Antartica

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

As attention focuses upon the Antartic continent and other common international spaces as possible targets for development, decisionmakers mut be sensitive to the myriad, complex problems involved with such development. The development of Antartica, the subject of this study, must be attempted only after careful though and must progress incrementally. Two tensions, however, operate to distract us from studied development. They are resource scarcity and growing nationalism.

Mca, Inc. V. United States: Judicial Recognition Of The Separate Interests Theory, Daniel N. Zucker

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

For United States federal tax purposes, the classificaiton of an entity as a partnership or a corporation has significant ramifications, particularly with respect to entities in foreign countries. Classification is especially important to the owners - whether shareholders or partners - of the entity because the question of whether they are taxed on their share of the profits or only upon repartriation will often depend on how the entity, set up under foreign law, is recognized by the Internal Revenue Service (Service). While entity classification in the domestic area has always been vulnerable to challenge, foreign entities face an additional …

Perspectives On Foreign Banking In The United States, Henry C. Wallich

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

Foreign banking has had a great expansion in the United States. This evolution has been accompanied by a variety of questions and concerns on the part of the public, American legislators and regulators, and American bankers. Many of these concrns have been allayed by the passage of the International Banking Act. Some nevertheless remain. To evalute them, I will begin by setting forth the benefits that foreign banks have brought to the United States. Then I will take a look at the principles that have guided and, I believe, should continue to guide United States' policy in this regard.

Books Received, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

CIVIL JUDGMENT RECOGNITION AND THE INTEGRATION OF MULTIPLE STATE ASSOCIATIONS: CENTRAL AMERICA, THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AND THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY

By Robert C. Casad

Lawrence: The Regents Press of Kansas, 1981. Pp. 258.$25.00.

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COMPARATIVE LAW YEARBOOK

VOL. 4, 1980

Edited by Dennis Campbell

The Hague/Boston/London: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1981. Pp. 371.

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CONSTITUTION-MAKING: PRINCIPLES, PROCESS, PRACTICE

By Edward McWhinney

Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1981.Pp. 231. $20.00.

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THE ENVIRONMENTAL LAW OF THE SEA

Edited by Douglas M.Johnston

Gland, Switzerland: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 1981. Pp. 419.

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INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS: ENVIRONMENTS AND …

Book Reviews, Stephen C. Hicks, David A. Elder, Edward A. Laing

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

THE FAMILY IN INTERNATIONAL LAW: SOME EMERGING PROBLEMS

Edited by R. Lillich

Charlottesville: Michie, 1981. Pp. xii, 164

Reviewed by Stephen C. Hicks

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TREATIES OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, 1949-1978: AN ANNOTATED COMPILATION

By Grant F. Rhode and Reid E. Whitlock

Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1980. Pp. ix, 207. $25.00.

Reviewed by David A. Elder

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STATE AND DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY

By Charles Lewis London:

Lloyd's Press of London, Ltd., 1980. Pp. xv, 135. 16f.

Reviewed by Edward A. Laing

Books Received, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Between Peace and War: The Nature of International Crisis By Richard Ned Lebow Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1981. Pp. xi, 350.

Anatomy of International Law: A Study of the Role of International Law in the Contemporary World By J.G. Merrils 2d ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 1981. Pp. xv, 146.$27.00.

Law and Inflation By Keith S. Rosenn Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1982. Pp. xxxix, 451.

Australian Courts of Law By James Crawford Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1982. Pp. xv, 297

German Private and Commercial Law: An Introduction By Norbert Horn, Hein Kitz, and Hans G. …

Book Reviews, Stephan L. Honore, Dennis W. Arrow

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Book Reviews

INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF CRIMINAL LAW: ENFORCING UNITED STATES LAW IN THE WORLD COMMUNITY

Edited by Richard B. Lillich

Charlottesville, Virginia: Michie, 1981. Pp. ix, 245.

Reviewed by Stephan L. Honore

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SHIPBROKING AND CHARTERING PRACTICE

By Lars Gorton, RolfIhre, and Arne Sandevarn

London: Lloyd's of London Press,1980. Pp. xiii, 204 (authorized adapted translation of the Swedish edition of Befraktning)

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Time CHARTERS

By Michael Wilford, Terence Coghlin, and Nicholas Healy, Jr

London: Lloyd's of London Press, 1978. Pp.1vii, 319, £28.

Reviewed by Dennis W. Arrow

Chemical And Biological Warfare: Focus On Asia, Lee D. Klein

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Note concludes that (1) the Geneva Protocol of 1925 and the Biological Weapons Convention of 1972 provide conventional restraints upon the use of lethal or seriously injurious CBWs; (2) modern treaties, customs, judicial decisions, and writings form a public international law norm that imposes a legal restraint limiting the use of lethal or seriously injurious CBWs and binding all states regardless of their acceptance of conventional prohibitions; and (3) the law of war today is characterized more accurately as the "law of armed conflict," because it must of necessity apply to conflicts that are not purely interstate. Before discussing …

United States Research Of The Law Of The Communist-Ruled States Of Europe, Ivan Sipkov

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The legal system of the Soviet Union, developed after the 1917 October Revolution, was introduced, with some variations, in several European, Asian, and Latin American states during the last years of World War II. These states have been characterized, both officially and unofficially, as "Soviet-type republics," "People's republics," "Socialist republics," and "Communist states." Their legal systems, although patterned after the Soviet Union legal system, developed in different directions. Today, the various legal systems of these republics are clearly distinguishable; however, one common feature is present: the states are ruled by one Communist party to the exclusion of other parties.

Book Reviews, David M. Helfeld, Robert N. Covington, Howard J. Taubenfeld

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

U.S. Multinationals and Worker Participation in Management: The American Experience in the European Community By Ton DeVos Westport, Conn.: Quorum Books, 1981. Pp. 229.

Reviewed by David M. Helfeld

Cooperation between Management and Labor By Walter Kolvenbach Deventer, The Netherlands: Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers, 1982. Pp. 89. Dfl. 65.00, $26.00.

Reviewed by Robert N. Covington

Utilization of Outer Space and International Law By Gijs Bertha C.M. Reijnen. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York: Elsevier,1981. Pp. 179. $65.30.

Reviewed by Howard J. Taubenfeld

Books Received, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Casebook on Carriage by Sea.

By E.R. Hardy Ivamy

London: Lloyd's of London Press, 1982. Pp. xxxix, 203. £11.50.

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Casebook on Shipping Law

By E.R. Hardy Ivamy

London: Lloyd's of London Press, 1982. Pp. xxx, 205. £11.50.

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Regional Development Agencies in Europe

Edited by Douglas Yuill

Hampshire, England: Gower, 1982. Pp. vii, 449.$44.50.

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United States Trade Policy Legislation: A Canadian View

By Rodney de C. Grey

Montreal: The Institute for Research on Public Policy, 1982. Pp. xvii, 130. $7.95.

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Transfer of Technology: U.S. Multinationals and Eastern Europe

By Marilyn L. Liebrenz

New York: Praeger Publishers, 1982. …

A New Classification Of Law For A Foreign, Comparative, And International Research Law Library, Jan Stepan

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The Swiss Institute of Comparative Law seated at Lausanne was established by the federal statute of October 6, 1978. The Institute is envisioned as a center for the "documentation of and research into comparative, foreign, and international law." According to the statute and the implementing decree of December 19, 1979, the Institute serves the following purposes:

(1) to supply federal agencies and the federal administration with material and studies that may be needed for decisions concerning legislation and international treaties; (2) to contribute towards international efforts at the harmonization and unification of law; (3) to provide information and expert opinions …

Taiwan Communiqué And Separation Of Powers, Hungdah Chiu

Congressional Testimony

Hearings Before the United States Senate, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Separation of Powers. 97^th Congress, 2^nd Session (September, 1982).

Proof Of Offshore Territorial Claims In Canada, Lawrence L. Herman

Dalhousie Law Journal

The territorial sea of Canada consists of a 12-mile belt of maritime space extending seaward from the Canadian maritime coastline. I By virtue of international law, this 12-mile maritime belt is considered to be part of the territorial domain of the littoral state.2 As a consequence, the legal limits of Canadian territory extend beyond the low water line along the coasts of Canada to include the area of the 12-mile territorial sea.

What 'Counts' As Law?, Anthony D'Amato

Faculty Working Papers

A reader of jurisprudence might conclude that only philosophers raise the question whether international law may be said to exist or is really law. But in terms of frequency, the question is probably raised more often by governments and states that are not trying to be philosophical. The increasing attention being paid to the need for, and the procedures for, objective validation of rules of international law in a burgeoning literature of international law evidences the seriousness of the problem, the responsibility of scholars for careful scholarship in this area of legal theory, and ultimately the good possibility of generally …

Whither State Immunity?: An Assessment Of The Current State Of The Law, Gamal Moursi Badr

Duquesne Law Review

Recent developments in the area of state immunity evidence a substantial influence on the future of the doctrine in international law. The author discusses in detail the European Convention on State Immunity and Additional Protocol of 1972, the United States Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976, the British State Immunity Act of 1978, and the Singapore State Immunity Act of 1979. He compares the four and makes suggestions about how they have individually and collectively affected the development of the doctrine.

International Law As Law Of The Land: Another Constitutional Constraint On Use Of Nuclear Weapons., Martin Feinrider

Nova Law Review

Concern now focuses on the threat to humankind posed by nuclear

weapons to an extent not seen since the days of the Ban-the-Bomb

movement of the 1950s.

United States Jurisdiction Over Extraterritorial Crime, Christopher L. Blakesley

Scholarly Works

The term jurisdiction may be defined as the authority to affect legal interests -- to prescribe rules of law (legislative jurisdiction), to adjudicate legal questions (judicial jurisdiction) and to enforce judgments the judiciary made (enforcement jurisdiction). The definition, nature and scope of jurisdiction vary depending on the context in which it is to be applied. United States domestic law, for example, defines and applies notions of jurisdiction pursuant to the United States constitutional provisions relating to the separation of powers. Within the United States, jurisdiction is defined and applied in a variegated fashion depending on whether a legal problem is …

Book Review, Joel Davidow

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Book Review

Antitrust and American Business Abroad James Atwood and Kingman Brewster 2d ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., 1981. Two-volume text. Pp. 359 and 355.

Reviewed by Joel Davidow

International antitrust is one of the gourmet specialties on the menu of United States law. The combination of competition law, international law, and patent law, spiced with complex diplomatic and trade issues as well as a dash of foreign flavor, is irresistible to the connoisseur. The proof: even though few law schools offer a separate course in international antitrust law and few lawyers deal with the subject regularly, articles, hornbooks, …

The Future Of Human Rights In International Jurisprudence: An Optimistic Appraisal, Benjamin B. Ferencz

Hofstra Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Spanish Constitution Of 1978: Legislative Competence Of The Autonomous Communities In Civil Law Matters, Juan C. Palau, Jose W. Fernandez

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The Spanish Constitution of 1978 had to deal with the issues that emerged with the advent of a democratic regime following the death of General Francisco Franco in 1975. Political pluralism, the relationship between church and state, and the official language of the Spanish state were among the dilemmas facing the Constitutional Commission. Yet the historically sensitive issue of the autonomy of the Spanish regions proved to be the most troublesome. Title VIII of the Constitution provides a political compromise in resolution of this issue although scholars and politicians, including some constitutional draftsmen, have criticized the ambiguity of this title. …

Books Received, Journal Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Books Received

Utilization of Outer Space and International Law

Gijsbertha C.M. Reijnen.

Amsterdam and New York: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 1981. Pp. 179, $69.75.

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International Estate Planning

William H. Newton, III.

Colorado Springs: Shepard's/McGraw-Hill Company, 1981. Pp. 614.

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International Tax Avoidance and Evasion, Colloquy of the Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 1980

Publication 31, Publications of the International Bureau of Fiscal Documentation Amsterdam: International Bureau of Fiscal Documentation, 1981. Pp.184, Dfl. 65.00.

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Fiscal Reform in Bolivia: Final Report on the Bolivian Mission on Tax Reform Richard A. Musgrave

Cambridge: Harvard Law School International Tax Program, 1981. Pp. 593, …