Law Commons^™

Beyond A Reasonable Doubt: A Discourse Analysis Of Forensic And Psychological Truth In Child Narratives, Elizabeth Samson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation draws on a hermeneutically-informed modification of Potter and Wetherell’s (1987) discourse analysis methodology to explore how child memory and experience are conceptualized in two widely-used forensic psychology training manuals. Current research about child testimony tends to focus on how well children can factually recount their experiences, or on optimizing interviewer performance so as to obtain accurate accounts and minimize the risk of distorting children’s memories. Results of this discourse analysis include: 1) frequent advisement of evaluator caution, objectivity, and thoroughness, since evaluators are understood as responsible for preserving the accuracy of children’s memories during the evaluation process; and …

The Future Of War: Cyber-Attacks And Aggression In International Law, Jamie Hogan

University Honors Theses

Cyber-attacks are becoming more advanced, and more dangerous, but can these simple lines of code be considered acts of war? My research looks at cyber-attacks through international law framework regarding jus ad bellum, the resort to war. After looking at cyber-attacks through this lens, it is possible to declare certain types of cyber-attacks as acts of aggression, and ultimately allow states to invoke their right of self-defense in response to these attacks. My research will then address the need for international law regulating these new weapons of war.

Developing A Legal Framework Governing Public University Endowments In Saudi Arabia: Lessons From The American Experience With Umifa And Upmifa, Rayan Jamal Alkhalawi

Maurer Theses and Dissertations

Saudi universities have recently started building and growing their endowments. Despite the increasing interest in university endowments, there is currently no specific legal framework that governs the area of university endowments in Saudi Arabia. The lack of a specific legal framework obstructs the advancement of university endowments. Therefore, this dissertation delineates the development and characteristics of the prevailing legal framework governing university endowments in the United States. The dissertation focuses on the development of the Uniform Management of Institutional Fund Act and the Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Fund Act. The dissertation also uses in depth interviews with professional working …

Të Drejtat E Punës Në Aspektin Krahasimorë Në Mes Të Punësuarve Në Sektorin Privat Dhe Në Sektorin Shtetërorë, Aljma Memeti

Theses and Dissertations

Mungesa e stabilitetit politik gjatë dy dekadave të fundit në Kosovë, ka për pasoj që të drejtat socio-ekonomike, përfshirë të drejtat e punës të mos respektohen ose thënë ndryshe të mos jenë në përputhje me standardet dhe konventat ndërkombëtare. Nëse analizojmë se sa respektohen të drejtat e punëtorëve të punësuar në sektorin privat, krahasuar me të drejtat e punëtorëve të punësuar në sektorin shtetërorë, mund të shohim se kushtet e punës të punëtorëve të sektorit privat janë shumë më të rënda dhe të drejtat e tyre respektohen më pak, dhe shumica e të punësuarve në sektorin privat janë pjesë e …

Terrorizmi, Ermira Gegaj

Theses and Dissertations

Terrozimi dhe aktet terroriste nuk janë fenomene vetëm të botës së sotme moderne, veprat terroriste kanë ekzistuar në forma të ndryshme duke përfshirë edhe ato më primitivet, duke pasur parasysh që zanafillën e tyre e kanë që prej kohëve më të lashta të njerëzimit.

Mund të thuhet se sot fenomenet terroriste janë duke u bërë kërcënim real për botën moderne dhe qeveritë demokratike. Fjala terrorizëm, shikuar nga aspekti filologjik, paraqet një sintezë të fjalës latine terror dhe sufiksit latin me prejardhje greke “izem”. Fjala terror rrënjët e veta i ka në foljen tras, e që do të thotë dridhje. E …

Like Me, Do What I Say, & Think About My Influence: The Effects On Witness Choosing And Metacognition, Brittany Race

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Confidence can be a strong predictor of accuracy if circumstances are ideal (Wixted & Wells, 2017), but ideal circumstances are not always present. As such it is important to understand ways to ameliorate potentially negative effects on eyewitness metacognition. Rapport building, though seen as an important element of police/witness interaction (Vallano et al., 2015), can lead to some potentially negative memory effects (Wright et al., 2015). Additionally steering, or the process of directing a witness toward a particular suspect, can increase false identifications. Recently the researcher has developed a paradigm meant to better calibrate confidence by reinstating the context of …

The Relevance Of The Constitution In Today's Society, Matthew Reiber

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

How relevant is the Constitution in today’s society? This is the document that guides the three branches of government in day to day operation, demonstrating that what the Constitution means to the people of the United States is essential in gauging how relevant people think our government is. In this experiment, I surveyed 348 different college students on Boise State campus with a list of different questions to first find out their general knowledge of our Constitution, then their opinion of it. Students were randomly assigned to receive a text about a Supreme Court case that involves interpreting the Constitution …

Acting Black: An Analysis Of Blackness And Criminality In Film, Blake Edwards

Master's Theses

This thesis will attempt to answer how films deal with blackness and crime, specifically when intersecting with the concepts of exploitation, appropriation, whiteness and the criminality of the black body. While not entirely the root of the negative perceptions of African-Americans in the United States, the manner in which African-Americans are portrayed in motion picture media influences how their presence is seen in society. This thesis will examine specific films that include elements dealing with the listed factors and what effects they may or may not have.

911 Dispatchers: Investigating Their Knowledge Of Eyewitness Evidence Collection, Samantha A. Kosziollek

Student Theses

911 dispatchers are often the first contact in an emergency, playing a critical role in the investigative process. Presently, a new bill is seeking to nationally reclassify these communications officers, recognizing them as vital first responders, as their initial collection of eyewitness evidence aid in the attainment of crucial information and detailed descriptions of an accident or crime. However, only one study (Kassis, 2017), to date, has examined the training of 911 dispatchers, as well as their self-reported knowledge of the potential influences their language could have on an eyewitness’ memory. While this research highlighted disparities between the perceived role …

Ethics Or Law: Which Should Prevail In Conflicts Regarding The Restitution Of Nazi-Looted Art?, Anthony Caruso

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Museums and sovereign states often face a dilemma when confronted with a claim seeking restitution of Nazi-looted artwork. The assertion of legal technicalities may allow an institution to maintain possession of its artwork whereas ethics would dictate its return. This paper discusses three cases where legal technicalities take precedence over ethics. This conflict demonstrates the need to have such disputes addressed in a forum other than a court system.

Situational Context Of Police Use Of Deadly Force: A Comparison Of Black And White Subjects Of Fatal Police Shootings, Shana Lynn Meaney Ruess

Dissertations and Theses

Police use of deadly force is an understudied yet deeply important issue in our society. Recent years have seen a dramatic increase in public concern over use of deadly force, particularly when that force is used against people of color. Due to the relative low frequency of deadly force incidents, little is known about when such force is used, or who it is used on. Recent studies have found a racial disparity between white and black subjects of deadly force, with black subjects significantly over represented as a proportion of the population. This study further expands our understanding of police …

Artificially Intelligent Copyright: Rethinking Copyright Boundaries, Aviv Hertzel Gaon

PhD Dissertations

My dissertation explores the legal boundaries of copyright law in the wake of artificial intelligence (AI) technology. In building the theoretical foundations for my dissertation, I go through several key phases. First, I highlight important historical events and milestones in AI. I further develop the philosophical debate on AI legal personhood and deliberate whether we are approaching a singularity the next stage of AI evolution. I also explore the concept of AI as it matured through the years. In the second part, I theorize how AI can be regarded as an author under IP normative standards. Part of accepting the …

Beyond The Habitual: Legal Argument Upon The Use Of Force And During The Conduct Of Hostilities, David Michael Hughes

PhD Dissertations

This dissertation moves beyond traditional assessments of legal compliance. It offers a more complete understanding of how international law functions upon the use of force and during the conduct of hostilities. The dissertation consists of four case studies each presented and published as standalone articles that provide fuller descriptions of international laws efficacy within fraught international contexts. By moving beyond the common evaluative standard of compliance, this dissertation presents a pluralistic conception of international laws function and purpose. Accordingly, the first case study presents an account of the way that international humanitarian law is used to manage prolonged occupation. The …

Understanding Trans Racialized Youth Autonomy In Health Care Decision Making In Ontario, Gitanjali Natasha Lena

LLM Theses

This thesis re-evaluates the concept of autonomy and the possibilities for trans racialized youth to practice it in current health care decision making contexts. After discussing access to health care in Ontario for this demographic using diverse research, an analytical foundation is laid using legal pluralism, relational autonomy, transgender theory and disidentification theory. The study uses Photovoice with trans racialized youth to produce visual texts analysed using thematic network analysis. Secondly, the study considers how together, law and medicine discursively work to encourage law-makers and health care providers to undermine the autonomy of trans racialized youth. Authoritative diagnostic and clinical …

E Drejta E Qasjes Ne Dokumentet Zyrtare, Si E Drejte Kushtetuese Ne Republiken E Kosoves, Mirela Halili

Theses and Dissertations

Duke u bazuar në përditshmërinë tonë me probleme të llojeve të ndryshme sidomos atyre zyrtare dhe padrejtësitë qe u bëhen personave të caktuar sidomos në procedurat e ndryshme administrative(spikasin gjatë studimit të tenderimeve), shkelja e të drejtave të tyre dhe mosdhënja e shpjegimeve për mosrealizimin e të drejtave, kjo ka qënë arsyeja që më shtyri të hulumtoj këtë temë duke kontribuar në qasjen e dokumenteve zyrtare e cila garantohet me Kushtetutë dhe ligje,por fatkeqësisht shumë pak po zbatohet në vendin tonë nga personat të cilët po abuzojnë me pushtet dhe po sjellen si monarkë me një pjesë të popullatës të …

Vepra Penale E Vjedhjes Në Territorin E Gjykatës Themelore Në Mitrovicë – Dega Në Skënderaj, Gjatë Periudhës Kohore 2015-2018, Arbër Shala

Theses and Dissertations

Vjedhja është një nga dukuritë më negative në shoqërinë tonë, e cila si vepër penale zë vend qëndror në mesin e të gjitha veprave penale të kryera kundër pasurisë. Në këtë punim do të analizohen veprat penale kundër pasurisë, do të bëhet dallimi në mes Kodeve Penale të shteteve të rajonit sa i përket vepres penale të vjedhjes, do të përcaktohen karakteristikat e veprës penale të vjedhjes, të kryesëve, faktorët që ndikojnë në paraqitjen e kësaj dukurie si dhe do të analizohen masat preventive dhe represive që kanë për qëllim parandalimin dhe luftimin e vjedhjes.

Dhuna Në Familje Me Theks Të Veçantë Vitet 2016-2018, Alban Avdiu

Theses and Dissertations

Dhuna në familje mund të cilësohet padyshim si një ndër dukuritë më negative në shoqerinë tonë. Si ndaj cdo dukurie negative tjetër edhe ndaj dhunës në familje duhet të ketë një qasje serioze në luftimin dhe parandalimin e saj, mirëpo sa po luftohet dhe parandalohet kjo dukuri lë shumë për të dëshiruar duke e parë që në vitet e fundit kjo dukuri ka pësuar rritje enorme.Qëllimi i ketij punimi është hulumtimi lidhur me dhunën në familje si njëra ndër dukuritë më negative të shoqerisë tonë, duke paraqitur gjithashtu një pasqyrim të gjerë lidhur me këtë fenomen mbarëshoqërorë.

Në kapitullin e …

Threat Perception Alteration As An Effect Of Use-Of-Force Simulation Training, Ellyse Vandyke

All NMU Master's Theses

Due to the nature of police work police officers are often placed in life threatening situations. To prepare officers for these interactions police academies employ use-of-force simulations to train relevant skills such as situational awareness and judgement. Repeated exposure to threatening situations, such as those in the use-of-force simulations, may alter the threat perception of the participant. Using self-report measures of anxiety (STAI-6 Item) and affect (PANAS), as well as respiration rate data, and short answer self-reports, the present study aims to determine if perception of threat is altered as a result of the use-of-force training, both directly after one …

Rebuilding Karachi-Bulldozing One Livelihood At A Time, Haddiqua Siddiqui

MSJ Capstone Projects

The story revolves around Pakistan’s powerful mafias who illegally occupy state and private property, mostly in urban areas and unclaimed land. They are backed by the police, bureaucracy and politicians. This is a norm in countries where these encroachers occupy a piece of land for as long as they want without any legal right or documents. These encroachers occupy the property for weeks, months or even years before voluntarily leaving it for a better spot or being forcefully evicted by city authorities. Saddar, the city’s center; is considered a safe haven for these land grabbers. For decades the heart of …

The Water Tanker Mafia, Yousuf Sajjad

MSJ Capstone Projects

This is a thesis about the Water Tanker Mafia in Karachi. The citizens of Pakistan’s largest city, Karachi suffer from an acute lack of water for drinking and domestic use. To cover for this lack of water, there is a network of tankers, run illegally but also with a large degree of connivance with parts of the state in Karachi, that provides water to the citizens of this city. This paper seeks to explain this network, its history, organization and the infrastructure in Karachi that it supports or in many cases, supersedes. This paper places the Karachi water tanker mafia …

Cyberspace Is Becoming Unsafe For Women In Pakistan, Sara Tanveer

MSJ Capstone Projects

This study explores the challenges faced by students in Pakistan who become victim of cyber harassment. Due to the lack of awareness, people do not know about cyber-crime and do not know that it is the violation of human rights. The Human Rights Ministry has no sense of urgency to work on the issue. According to the Human Rights report 2018, since 2004, the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan has recorded more than 6,000 cases of sexual violence and 2,200 cases of domestic violence against the women. The violence is mostly connected with the online harassment in the form of …

Perceptions Of Infrastructure, Flood Management, And Environmental Redevelopment In The University Area, Hillsborough County, Florida, Kris-An K. Hinds

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The University Area (UA), a low-income, unincorporated neighborhood in Hillsborough County, Florida, is a site of sustainable redevelopment by the local government and nonprofit organizations. Throughout the past decade, the transitions in local and state political climates have significantly impacted the residents’ ability to advocate for infrastructural and environmental improvement to the site. This thesis discusses the findings of a research project dedicated to exploring resident perspectives of stormwater management, infrastructure, and the redevelopment currently occurring the University Area. Drawing from theoretical concepts in political ecology, environmental justice, and the interplay of agency and structure, this research investigates the impacts …

An Analysis Of Changing The Federal Age Requirement For A Commercial Driver’S License, Matthew L. Mangen

Theses and Dissertations

The United States trucking industry has been struggling with a driver shortage for decades (Mittal et al., 2018).Trucks are one of the most important modes of transportation in getting domestic freight from one point to another. The current shortage is expected to continue to grow at an alarming rate if nothing is done to change it (American Trucking Associations, 2017). Having a shortage of drivers will increase transportation costs and lead to delayed shipments. There has been a push to change the public policy to lower the age requirement for a Commercial Driver’s License to 18. This research explores how …

Machine Learning With Multi-Class Regression And Neural Networks: Analysis And Visualization Of Crime Data In Seattle, Erkin David George

Honors Projects

This article examines the implications of machine learning algorithms and models, and the significance of their construction when investigating criminal data. It uses machine learning models and tools to store, clean and analyze data that is fed into a machine learning model. This model is then compared to another model to test for accuracy, biases and patterns that are detected in between the experiments. The data was collected from data.seattle.gov and was published by the City of Seattle Data Portal and was accessed on September 17, 2018. This research will be looking into how machine learning models can be used …

Succession Planning In Farming- A Guided Step, Alexandra Lavy

Agricultural Education and Communication

The author began this project by researching a variety of tax laws, succession planning, and what document and resources were already available to farming and ranching families.

For example, for the Introduction to Succession Planning in California section, the author described what succession planning is and explained the process. The author explained that a study found that nearly 50% of farmers do not have a succession plan, and how not being prepared will affect those farmers. This project created a guideline for farmers to follow when planning their succession, as well as why it is important. This project outlined the …

“You Do It Without Their Knowledge”: Is Nonconsensual Comdom Removal The New Public Health Emergency?, Marwa Awad Mohamed

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Background: Sexual consent is often defined as the voluntary agreement to participate in a sexual act, though the differing definitions across and within countries make legal consensus difficult. In recent years, due to popularization through social media, nonconsensual condom removal, termed stealthing, is becoming common, especially among young adults. Yet, little to no empirical evidence exists on this sexual behavior.

Methods: In this exploratory sequential mixed methods approach, we aimed to address the current perception of stealthing among young adults. College students were recruited from general education courses at a medium-sized four- year public university. Focus groups were conducted to …

Linguistic Features Of False Confessions And Confessions Not In Dispute: A Corpus Analysis, Lucrezia Rizzelli

Student Theses

Confessions are considered the gold standard of evidence, and yet many cases of false confessions causing wrongful convictions have come to the surface in the past decades. Currently, a method to identify false confessions does not exist and studies focusing on the content of the confessions have found similarities rather than points of distinction. In this study, we approached confessions from a stylistic rather than qualitative point of view, utilizing corpus analysis to outline the linguistic features of two samples of confessions: false confessions (n=37) and confessions not in dispute (n=98). Subsequently, we created a model …

صورية عقد الشركة “دراسة تحليلية في ظل أحكام قانون الشركات الاتحادي رقم (2 ) لسنة 2015, محمد إبراهيم بن شمل المعمري

Public Law Theses

إن النمو الاقتصادي الذي شهده العالم بشكل عام فرض على الدول والحكومات العديد من التحديات من اجل مواكبة هذا النمو الاقتصادي والسير مع عجلة التنمية الاقتصادية، الامر الذي استوجب على دول وحكومات العالم ان تضع القوانين التي تنظم الاقطاع الاقتصادي وتساهم في تطوره وتحفظ حقوق اصحاب الاستثمار والشركاء، وتعمل في الوقت ذاته على حماية المصلحة العامة وارساء التوازن بين متطلبات النمو الاقتصادي ومقتضيات السيادة الوطنية على مقدرات الدولة والقطاع الاقتصادي فيها، ووجود التشريعات القوية المنظمة للقطاع الاقتصادي والاستثماري في أي دولة كانت يجعل منها محلا لاستقطاب المستثمرين وملاذا آمنا بالنسبة لهم لاستثمار اموالهم، لذلك نجد ان دولة الامارات العربية المتحدة …

الوديعة المصرفية المخصصة لغرض معين "طبقا لقانون المعاملات التجارية الإماراتي رقم (18 ) لسنة 1993 م", بوشرة لحسن عدلاني

Public Law Theses

الدراسة تناولت موضوع الوديعة المصرفية المخصصة لغرض معين"طبقا لقانون المعاملات التجارية الإماراتي رقم 18 لسنة 1993 ". حيث تشكل تلك الودائع أهم مصادر تمويل البنوك، وهي محور تحقيق التنمية الاقتصادية.

وقد توصلت الدراسة بعدد من النتائج أهمها: أن الوديعة المخصصة لغرض معين هي وديعة مخصصة يلتزم فيها البنك طبقا لرغبة العميل بتخصيصها لغرض معين وقد يكون التخصيص لمصلحة العميل كما هو الحال في حالة الشركات التي تدوع أموالها وتخصصها للوفاء بأرباح الأسهم، وكذلك فوائد السندات، أو إذا كان قصد العميل هو الاكتتاب في أسهم شركة أو شراء أسهم أو غير ذلك، وقد تكون الوديعة مخصصة لمصلحة البنك وعند إذن تسمى …

جرائمُ التهرب من ضريبة القيمة المضافة "دراسة مقارنة", حمد سعيد محمد هزار العامري

Public Law Theses

يناقش هذا البحث أحد أهم المواضيع القانونية المُستحدثة بدولة الإمارات وهو) جرائم التهرب من ضريبة القيمة المُضافة (، حيث ان العمل بدأ بالقانون الضريبي مطلع عام 2018، أي أنه مازال حديث العهد سواء بالتطبيق أو حتى بمراجعة النظر في حال وجود بعض القصور أو النُقصان إن وُجد.

وأقوم في هذا البحث بالتطرق لماهية ضريبة القيمة المُضافة وأهميتها ليس فقط بالنسبة للدولة ومواردها المالية، بل أيضا للحفاظ على نفس مُستوى الخدمات التي تقدمها للمواطنين والمقيمين على أرضها وهم في الغالب نفس الأشخاص الخاضعين للضريبة. لذا قمت بالبحث في هذا الموضوع ودور القانون في مجابهة أي صور من صور التهرب من دفع …