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Articles 9601 - 9630 of 11192
Full-Text Articles in Law
Crimes-Influence From The Defendants Failure To Testify
Crimes-Influence From The Defendants Failure To Testify
Michigan Law Review
The testimony given on a trial for murder indicated that the defendant had shot and killed one of his pursuers while fleeing the scene of a robbery in which he had taken a principal part. The trial court instructed the jury that the defendant, while not compellable, was competent to be a witness in his own behalf; and that although his failure to take the stand raised no presumption of his guilt, if facts were testified to which were accusations against the defendant which he could by his oath deny, and he failed to take the stand in his own …
Injunction-Right To Labor As Property-Clayton Act
Injunction-Right To Labor As Property-Clayton Act
Michigan Law Review
The Texas & New Orleans R R engaged in promoting the organization of an association among its clerical employees in the nature of a company union. Its purpose was to secure control over the selection of representatives by the employees in the board of mediation provided for by the Railway Labor Act of 1926 (U. S. C. tit. 45, c. 8, par. 152). The Brotherhood of Railway Clerks sought an injunction against such interference on the ground that the Railway Labor Act prohibited "interference, influence, or coercion exercised by either party over the self-organization or designation of representatives by the …
Review: Stephen J. Field: Craftsman Of Tbe Law., Everett S. Brown
Review: Stephen J. Field: Craftsman Of Tbe Law., Everett S. Brown
Michigan Law Review
A Review of: STEPHEN J. FIELD: CRAFTSMAN OF TBE LAW
Failed Banks, Collection Items, And Trust Preferences, George Gleason Bogert
Failed Banks, Collection Items, And Trust Preferences, George Gleason Bogert
Michigan Law Review
About 1,200 banks failed in the United States during the year 1930, and failures for the years 1921-1929 averaged over 600 a year. Each of these bank failures doubtless involved several problems regarding collection items. In each case it was almost inevitable that there should be found among the assets in the hands of the defunct bank several items held for collection but not yet collected, and also that a number of items should have been collected but no effective remittance made on account of such collection. There thus arose a series of controversies between the banks or individuals which …
Adverse Possession-Grantor Against Grantee-Requirement Of Notice
Adverse Possession-Grantor Against Grantee-Requirement Of Notice
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff owning a fee deeded it to his wife in 1893. The wife died in 1911, and plaintiff continued lo reside on the land ever since. Shortly after the wife's death plaintiff told defendants, his daughters, that he and his wife had held the land by" entirety, and that he was, therefore, the sole owner by right of survivorship. Defendants never learned of the deed to the wife until the instigation of this suit. Plaintiff claimed that he had reacquired ownership by adverse possession, and brought a bill to cancel the deed to his wife and remove the cloud from …
Bills And Notes-Trade Acceptance-Reference To The Purchase Agreement
Bills And Notes-Trade Acceptance-Reference To The Purchase Agreement
Michigan Law Review
The defendant drew a trade acceptance in favor of the Turner Manufacturing Co. containing the following provision: "The obligation of the acceptor hereof arises out of the purchase of goods from the drawer, maturity being in conformity with the original terms of the purchase." The drawer indorsed the instrument to the plaintiff bank, a purchaser in due course. Held, that the trade acceptance was rendered non-negotiable by the clause "maturity being in conformity with the original terms of the purchase." First Nat. Bank, Statesville, N. C. v. Power-Equipment Co. (Iowa, 1930) 233 N.W. 103.
Crimes-Sentence-Suspension Of Execution
Crimes-Sentence-Suspension Of Execution
Michigan Law Review
The defendant pleaded guilty to an indictment for larceny. He was fined and sentenced to imprisonment for a period of thirty days. Both fine and sentence were conditionally suspended. At a subsequent term, the court, finding that the condition had been violated, ordered the execution of the sentence. Held, that although a court has no power to suspend the execution of a sentence, by making the conditional order of suspension the power later to enforce its judgment was lost. Ex parte Steinmetz (Ohio App. 1930) 172 N.E. 623.
Intoxicating Liquors-Liability Of Purchaser To Federal Prosecution
Intoxicating Liquors-Liability Of Purchaser To Federal Prosecution
Michigan Law Review
Considering the tremendous amount of public interest evinced in all cases arising under the Eighteenth Amendment and the Volstead Act, it seems strange, at first glance, that more attention has not been paid by the courts to the purchaser of intoxicating beverages. Since the passage of the National Prohibition Act the dockets have been crowded with cases dealing with the sale, manufacture, and transportation of intoxicants, but it was not until ten years after the passage of the Act that the United States Supreme Court was asked to consider the legality of the purchase of liquor as such. The question …
Malpractice Actions And Compensation Acts, Paul A. Leidy
Malpractice Actions And Compensation Acts, Paul A. Leidy
Michigan Law Review
S, an employee, is injured as the result of the negligence of his employer, M; S is taken for treatment to the office of X, a competent physician or surgeon selected by S or by M; on this particular occasion X is negligent and as a result of X's negligence S's two weeks' injury is aggravated and the period of disability becomes one of two months' duration. At common law, inasmuch as the original injury was one for which M was legally responsible, S could recover from M for the entire disability-that resulting directly from the original negligence of M …
Broad Counterclaims As Means Of Obtaining Jurisdiction Over Nonresidents
Broad Counterclaims As Means Of Obtaining Jurisdiction Over Nonresidents
Michigan Law Review
Broad counterclaim statutes are desirable because they allow cross demands to compensate each other, and because they avoid multiplicity of suits. These two advantages are alone sufficient to justify broad counterclaims, but there is a further advantage in that a broad counterclaim statute permits a resident in a suit brought against him by a nonresident to set up any independent claim against that nonresident which-he may have without prosecuting a separate action. Not only is it a heavier expense to bring a separate action, but it is often impossible to do so without going to the domicil of the nonresident …
Property-Meander Lines As Boundaries
Property-Meander Lines As Boundaries
Michigan Law Review
In a recent decision the supreme court of Michigan has considered anew, and with refreshing insight, the significance of a meander line as a boundary. The case arose on a bill to foreclose a land contract to which the defendant filed a cross-bill alleging fraud in the sale. The property which abutted on Lake Michigan was represented by plaintiff's agent as extending to a point about one hundred feet from the shore of the lake. The meander line was two hundred seventy-seven feet from the water's edge. On the theory that the plaintiff had no interest in the strip between …
Adverse Possession-Interests Thereby Created And Extinguished
Adverse Possession-Interests Thereby Created And Extinguished
Michigan Law Review
One F., the owner of premises, executed a lease thereof to T. from year to year. A. took possession under T. as a tenant at will, and remained for more than the period of the statute of limitations. (Under the applicable statute the possession of a tenant at will becomes adverse after the first year.) F. then died and the land was sold by the executors to T. Upon T's death, plaintiff, his successor in interest, brought action to recover possession from the widow of A. who had recently died. The defendant claimed that since she was entitled to notice …
Arbitration And Award-Effectof Foreign Arbitration Statute
Arbitration And Award-Effectof Foreign Arbitration Statute
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff contracted to furnish and defendant to exhibit a number of motion pictures. The contract included an arbitration agreement in which the parties agreed to submit all disputes arising under the contract to a specified board of arbitration and to abide by its award. The arbitration agreement was to be governed by the laws of New York, by which it would have been valid, irrevocable and specifically enforceable. Defendant breached the contract, refused to submit the dispute to arbitration, and failed to comply with the award when plaintiff did so. Plaintiff then brought suit in Ohio to enforce the award. …
Bailment-Fungible Goods-Conversion
Bailment-Fungible Goods-Conversion
Michigan Law Review
Defendant conducted a grain elevator business, storing grains of like quality in one common bin. During a period of several months, the total grain on hand in the elevator was insufficient to meet all outstanding storage receipts. Previous to the plaintiff's demand, the defendant acquired sufficient grain to meet all outstanding claims. Held, the conversion was "cured." State ex rel. Hermann v. Farmers' Elevator Co. et al. ("N.D. 1930) 231 N.W. 725.
Bills And Notes-Payee As Holder In Due Course
Bills And Notes-Payee As Holder In Due Course
Michigan Law Review
P executed a note and securing mortgage leaving a blank for the name of the payee and mortgagee. A, P's agent, in excess of his authority, filled in the blanks with D's name and with D's knowledge. D in good faith paid full value. Held, under sec. 6055,. Mich. Comp. Laws (1915) D has no claim against P, for he is not a holder in due course. Bronson v. Stetson, 252 Mich. 6, 232 N.W. 741.
Conflict Of Laws-Renvoi Doctrine
Conflict Of Laws-Renvoi Doctrine
Michigan Law Review
H, an Englishman, married W in England. On separation H acquired a domicil in Germany. A child was thereafter born to Y, a woman with whom H was living in Germany. H subsequently divorced W in Germany and married Y. Whether the child was legitimate determined whether H had validly exercised a power of appointment in an English settlement. Held, legitimacy is to be determined by the law of the domicil, including its rules of private international law. Germany, referring the matter to English law, found a remittance which Germany accepted and applied German municipal law. The child, by …
Constitutional Law-Due Process-Police Power-Junk Yards
Constitutional Law-Due Process-Police Power-Junk Yards
Michigan Law Review
The City of Ashland, Kentucky, acting under a specific power to license and regulate junk yards granted to it by the legislature under section 3058-2 Ky. Stat. (Carroll, 1922) passed an ordinance requiring applicants for licenses to operate junk yards within the city of Ashland. "to make and execute with the Clerk of the City of Ashland, Kentucky, a permit signed by the applicant providing that the Police Department * * * may inspect and search the said shop or place of business." The appellant complied with all other requirements, but refused to execute the permit: Because the clerk would …
Constitutional Law-Due Process-Regulation Of Commissions Of Insurance Agents
Constitutional Law-Due Process-Regulation Of Commissions Of Insurance Agents
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a licensed insurance broker in New Jersey, sued for commissions due for services performed as the local agent of two licensed foreign fire insurance companies. The claim was for twenty-five per cent of the premiums. The defense relied on a New Jersey statute which made unlawful the payment of commissions in excess of a reasonable amount or at a rate higher than that paid to any one of the insurer's local agents. The defendant set up that it had local agents receiving commissions of but twenty per cent. Plaintiff attacked the constitutionality of the statute. Held, four justices …
Constitutional Law-Due Process-Revocationof Driver's License
Constitutional Law-Due Process-Revocationof Driver's License
Michigan Law Review
Petitioner's license was suspended under a statute which provided that if a judgment for personal injuries or property damage resulting from the ownership or operation of an automobile remained unpaid fifteen days after it became final, the driver's license should be revoked or suspended until payment and until proof offered of ability to pay future claims. Arrested and jailed for driving without a license, petitioner sought release by writ of habeas corpus on the ground that the statute was unconstitutional. Held, that the operation of the statute was discriminatory and based on an unnatural classification; petitioner discharged. Ex parte …
Contracts-Duration Of Offer Specifying A Definite Limit
Contracts-Duration Of Offer Specifying A Definite Limit
Michigan Law Review
By a letter dated Jan. 29, 1929, A offered to exchange certain lands with B and stated in the letter, "I will give you eight days in which to accept or reject this offer." The letter was received on Feb. 2 and the acceptance was telegraphed on Feb. 8, reaching A on Feb. 9. Held, B could maintain a suit for specific performance. Since an offer is not complete until received B accepted within eight days. Caldwell v. Cline (W. Va. 1930) 156 S.E. 55.
Crimes-Mistake Of Facts Of A Defense
Crimes-Mistake Of Facts Of A Defense
Michigan Law Review
The defendant was convicted of bigamy under the usual statute (in this case, Fla. Comp, L., 1927, secs. 7559-7660) punishing as bigamous any person remarrying while the former spouse was still living, unless that spouse had been absent three years, the party remarrying not knowing the other to be alive during that time, or unless a legal divorce had been granted. The defense was, that as the defendant's first wife had told him and others that she had secured a divorce and had remarried, and had introduced to him her second husband, he honestly believed her. It was held, …
Crimes-Procedure-Constitutionality Of The Short Form Of The Indictment
Crimes-Procedure-Constitutionality Of The Short Form Of The Indictment
Michigan Law Review
The respondents were tried and found guilty of murder. Held, that the constitutional provision that "the accused shall be fully informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him" requires an indictment returned by the grand jury to contain allegations as to the time and place of the assault and the time and place of death of the decedent where the crime charged is murder. State v. Rector (S. C . 1930) 155 S.E. 385.
Landlord And Tenant-Liability For Taxes
Landlord And Tenant-Liability For Taxes
Michigan Law Review
Defendant, a lessee, covenanted to pay all taxes assessed against the property. After having been transferred to several parties successively, the lease was surrendered on April 7, 1928, to the original lessor, under an agreement providing that, "the original lessee, and its assigns, shall be released from all further obligations imposed upon lessee in said lease contract." Taxes which had become a. lien. on the property by assessment Jan. 1, 1928, were due in three equal installments payable the following April 15th, July 15th, and Oct. 15th, respectively, Upon the failure of the original lessee to pay the taxes, the …
Libel And Slander-Words Actionable Per Se
Libel And Slander-Words Actionable Per Se
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff brought a slander action, alleging that the defendant had said "You dirty crook, you are the biggest crook in Bedford Avenue." Apparently the declaration alleged no special damages, and contained no innuendo setting forth circumstances which would enlarge the meaning of the statement complained of. On defendant's motion for a dismissal, on the ground that the complaint did not state a cause of action, held, that the words were actionable per se. Weiner v. Leviton (N. Y. App. Div. 1930) 244 N. Y. S. 176.
Negligence-Spread Of Fire-"New York Rule."
Negligence-Spread Of Fire-"New York Rule."
Michigan Law Review
The properties of plaintiff and defendant were separated by a city street. While filling a gasoline tank on his premises defendant allowed the tank to overflow, the escaping gasoline ignited, the fire spread to a warehouse on defendant's property and thence, across the street, to plaintiff's buildings. Held, that the negligence of the defendant was the proximate cause of the injury to the plaintiff, within the so-called "New York Rule" of limited liability in such cases, inasmuch as the titles of the two parties ran to the center of the street. Homac Corporation v. Sun Oil Co., 244 …
Public Utilities-Valuation-The Rate Base
Public Utilities-Valuation-The Rate Base
Michigan Law Review
The Board of Public Utility Commissioners of New Jersey appealed from a decree entered in the district court enjoining the enforcement of their order regulating the rates of the Elizabethtown Water Co. The district court found that, upon its own determination as to valuation, the rates prescribed were confiscatory and violative of the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Held, the basis of valuation in determining the rate base is present value. After reviewing the evidence, the court was of the opinion that the utility's evidence as to valuation was the more satisfactory, and that. the rates prescribed …
Sales-Passage Of Title Before Payment Of Purchase Price
Sales-Passage Of Title Before Payment Of Purchase Price
Michigan Law Review
In January, S agreed to sell his business to the plaintiff, who went into possession, took over the lease, and operated the business. He did not have sufficient money to pay the purchase price at the time, and no bill of sale was given. A creditor of S took judgment on a promissory note made by S, of the existence of which note the plaintiff first became aware in February, and levied execution on the goods in the store. The plaintiff filed a claim of property. Held, that there was no sale at the time of the transfer of …
Searches And Seizures-Right To Search A House As Incident To Lawful Arrest
Searches And Seizures-Right To Search A House As Incident To Lawful Arrest
Michigan Law Review
On a reasonable belief that the prohibition law was being violated, officers entered Marcucci's basement and arrested Marcucci and the other men present. On the table, when the officers entered, were several gallon jugs of wine, and several of the men were intoxicated. Observing that the door at the end of the passageway leading from the room was open, one of the officers investigated and found in the sub-cellar twenty-five barrels of wine. Also, noting a locked door in the sub-cellar, the officer requested the key of Marcucci who at first denied possession but finally produced it. In the closet …
Statutes-Indefiniteness As Affecting Vaudity
Statutes-Indefiniteness As Affecting Vaudity
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff sought to enjoin the enforcement of Public Acts Conn. 1929, c. 296, section 4 of which prohibits the "sale or delivery of lubricating oil for use in motor vehicle engines, that shall not be 'equal to or better in quality and specifications' than that !mown as United States Government Specifications for Motor (Class D) Lubricants." Section 5 provides for all tests to determine quality to be made in accordance with methods contained in a certain technical paper of the Bureau of Mines, made a part of the act. The act further provided fines and imprisonment for violations. The district …
Torts-Right Of Privacy
Michigan Law Review
Petition by the plaintiffs alleging an invasion of their right of privacy by an unauthorized publication of a picture of their malformed child, taken without their consent after its death, held, on demurrer, to state a cause of action. Bazemore v. Savannah Hospital et al. (Ga. 1930). 155 S.E. 194.