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Michigan Law Review

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Articles 9241 - 9270 of 11192

Full-Text Articles in Law

Corporations - Rights And Remedies Of Dissenting Stockholders Upon Consolidation And Merger May 1932

Corporations - Rights And Remedies Of Dissenting Stockholders Upon Consolidation And Merger

Michigan Law Review

Consolidation or merger of private corporations in recent years has been more and more frequent. One of the most engrossing problems when such unions take place is that of the rights and remedies of dissenting shareholders. The question which arises most frequently in cases of consolidation or merger, and that in the solution of which, paradoxicaIIy, our courts tend to expend the least amount of legal acumen, is whether the consolidation or merger of corporations operates to dissolve the constituent corporations in such a manner as materially to affect the rights of the shareholders in those corporations.

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Quasi-Contracts -Assumpsit For Use And Occupation Against A Trespasser In Modern Cases May 1932

Quasi-Contracts -Assumpsit For Use And Occupation Against A Trespasser In Modern Cases

Michigan Law Review

Perhaps the doctrine of stare decisis is sometimes deserving of severe criticism in its application to matters of substantive law; but the unfortunate results of uncritical adherence to precedent appear most clearly in regard to rules of procedure, where the demand for certainty cannot be justified by a supposed reliance of laymen on "settled" rules. The evils are aggravated where inconvenient decisions are not undermined or their effects evaded by the lawyer's typical process of "distinguishing'' cases. A forcible illustration is the firm refusal of most courts to extend quasicontractual relief to cases of use and occupation of land by …

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Receivers -Liability For Corporate Franchise Taxes Accruing After Appointment May 1932

Receivers -Liability For Corporate Franchise Taxes Accruing After Appointment

Michigan Law Review

General business conditions of the last three years have made the field of receivership law an extremely interesting and important one to that portion of the bar which has been picking up the pieces left by the debacle of 1929. The widespread liquidation and dissolution of great business organizations has been effected in large part through the medium of the receivership. One of the more difficult problems arising in connection with such receiverships has been the liability of the receiver for franchise taxes. Such taxes have been held to be not property levies but excises on the privilege to carry …

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Wills - Legacies On Impossible Or Illegal Conditions Precedent May 1932

Wills - Legacies On Impossible Or Illegal Conditions Precedent

Michigan Law Review

If a devise of realty be upon a condition subsequent which is impossible of performance or which is illegal as being malum prohibitum, it is generally held that the condition is void, but the devise is free and single. In this respect the law pertaining to legacies upon condition materially agrees with that upon devises of realty. But perhaps one of the most unusual distinctions drawn in the law of property is that which is drawn between an illegal or an impossible condition precedent to a legacy of personalty and an illegal or an impossible condition precedent to a …

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Bailments - Innkeepers - Liability For Loss Of Baggage May 1932

Bailments - Innkeepers - Liability For Loss Of Baggage

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff, a guest at defendant's hotel, on his arrival there gave his trunk check to the head porter who, in turn, gave the check to a licensed expressman. Due to the expressman's negligence the trunk was stolen. At the trial it was shown that it was customary for the defendant to make a separate charge for trunk delivery. Held, defendant was liable for the negligent performance of the contractual duties by the expressman. Davidson v. Madison Corp. (N. Y. 1931) 177 N. E. 393.

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Bills And Notes-What Negligence Of The Drawer Will Enable The Drawee To Charge The Drawer's Account When The Indorsement Of The Payee Is Forged May 1932

Bills And Notes-What Negligence Of The Drawer Will Enable The Drawee To Charge The Drawer's Account When The Indorsement Of The Payee Is Forged

Michigan Law Review

An attorney, representing himself to be the agent of the owner of a certain piece of real estate, applied to the plaintiff for a mortgage loan. The loan being granted subject to title, a person represented to be the landowner appeared, signed the mortgage and note, and her acknowledgement was taken by a notary public who stated that he knew her to be the identical person described in the mortgage. The title was approved and a check payable to the landowner was delivered to the attorney, who, after forging the payee's indorsement, indorsed personally and cashed. The drawer is suing …

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Bills And Notes -What Negligence Of The Drawer Will Enable The Drawee To Charge The Drawer's Account When The Indorsement Of The Payee Is Forged May 1932

Bills And Notes -What Negligence Of The Drawer Will Enable The Drawee To Charge The Drawer's Account When The Indorsement Of The Payee Is Forged

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff is the executor of a person who, in his capacity as treasurer of a voluntary loan association, issued a check on the association's account in the defendant bank, supposedly for a loan to a member of the association. The check, when paid, bore what purported to be the indorsement of the payee, and the signature of the president of the loan association. The supposed borrower denied the loan and his signature on the note in July, 1927, and asked to see the check, which he was shown after some months. He denied executing the indorsement and the defendant bank …

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Contracts - Consideration - Agreement To Modify A Lease May 1932

Contracts - Consideration - Agreement To Modify A Lease

Michigan Law Review

Defendant leased from the plaintiff's assignor certain premises for a term of five years. After the lease was partially performed, the parties orally agreed to reduce the rent. The lessee, shortly before the expiration of the term, defaulted under the oral agreement. Plaintiff sued the defendant for the difference between the rent reserved and that which was paid under the oral agreement. Held, that an executed oral agreement, or so much of it as has been performed, will serve as a modification of a lease without regard to the presence or absence of consideration, but that which is executory …

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Contracts - Partial Illegality - Contract In Restraint Of Trade May 1932

Contracts - Partial Illegality - Contract In Restraint Of Trade

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff contracted to transfer his law business, property used in connection therewith, and good will to the defendant and to refrain from practicing law within the state until the time set for payment of the balance of the contract price. The balance not having been paid at maturity, the plaintiff brought an action on the contract, alleging full performance on his part. The defendant demurred on the ground that the contract constituted an illegal restraint of trade under Oklahoma statutes which declare that agreements in restraint of trade upon selling the good will of a business are void to …

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Corporations - New Types Of Securities Under Blue Sky Legislation May 1932

Corporations - New Types Of Securities Under Blue Sky Legislation

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff company, in order to secure capital to finance the purchase and construction of retail gasoline stations and bulk plants in Wisconsin, proposed to sell coupon books for the sum of $35 per book. Purchases made with these coupons entitled the holder of the book to certain credits which, upon accumulation, were to be redistributed to him in cash upon presentation of coupons in the amount of 25 cents or more. Along with each coupon book there was to be issued to each purchaser a so-called good-will contract which, after stating its purpose as being to secure the good …

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Corporations-Service Of Process On Subsidiary To Bind Parent May 1932

Corporations-Service Of Process On Subsidiary To Bind Parent

Michigan Law Review

In a suit against the defendant the only service was that on a domestic subsidiary of the defendant. The defendant challenges the jurisdiction of the court on the ground that it has no "place of business" within the district. Held, whether the service was good raises a fact question; on the evidence the defendant so far ignored the separate entity of its subsidiary as to permit it to be served with process by service on its subsidiary as its agent. Gray v. Eastman Kodak Co., 53 F.(2d) 864 (1930).

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Evidence -The Possibility Of Incrimination In A State Jurisdiction Does Not Warrant The Assertion Of The Constitutional Privilege In Federal Proceedings May 1932

Evidence -The Possibility Of Incrimination In A State Jurisdiction Does Not Warrant The Assertion Of The Constitutional Privilege In Federal Proceedings

Michigan Law Review

On indictment for the refusal to give information requested by the authorized revenue agent, the appellee interposed a special plea averring that it would compel him to become a witness against himself in violation of the Fifth Amendment of the federal Constitution which reads, "nor shall any person be compelled to be a witness against himself." Held, the danger of incrimination in a state court was not grounds for asserting the constitutional privilege. United States v. Murdock, 284 U. S. 141, 52 Sup. Ct. 63, 76 L. ed. 83 (1931).

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Federal Practise-Review Of Facts-Instance Of When Verdict Must Be Directed May 1932

Federal Practise-Review Of Facts-Instance Of When Verdict Must Be Directed

Michigan Law Review

This was a case in which a motion for a directed verdict was denied by the trial court on the ground that there was sufficient evidence to justify a submission of the case to the jury. The circuit court of appeals affirmed this, but on appeal to the Supreme Court it was held error. Southern Ry. Co. v. Walters (U.S. 1931) 52 Sup. Ct. 58.

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Licenses - Revocability Of Executed License - Fraud On Licensee May 1932

Licenses - Revocability Of Executed License - Fraud On Licensee

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff and defendant were owners of adjoining city lots. At plaintiff's suggestion they constructed a common driveway, half on each lot, defendant refusing, however, to exchange reciprocal deeds therefor. Plaintiff built his house and garage to conform to the location of the drive. After long-continued use, defendant blocked his half of the drive. Inasmuch as building a new drive entirely on his own land would necessitate expensive structural changes in his house and garage, plaintiff sought an injunction. Held, that plaintiff had only a license, revocable even though acted upon, and that defendant's revocation was not such a fraud …

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Negligence - Amusements - Assumption Of Risk By Football Spectators May 1932

Negligence - Amusements - Assumption Of Risk By Football Spectators

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff, a woman who had paid to witness a football game played on defendant's field, stood near the boundaries of the playing field and was hurt when hit by a player tackled at the side-line. The evidence disclosed that the field was not roped off for the minor games, that there was no policing except that done by a few school officials, and that the spectators were not required to occupy seats in the stands. Reversing the lower court, the appellate tribunal held that, under these circumstances, there was no negligence, the opinion of the majority indicating that, if …

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Patents - Right To Personal Service In Contempt Proceedings May 1932

Patents - Right To Personal Service In Contempt Proceedings

Michigan Law Review

Complainant obtained in the district court of Massachusetts a final injunction against the manufacture and sale of a device by defendant, a Michigan corporation. In a subsequent term of court, complainant brought contempt proceedings for an alleged violation of the injunction. Copies of the petition, motion, and order to show cause were sent by registered mail to the defendant's place of business. Objection to the jurisdiction of the court was raised upon the ground that the term in which the injunction had issued had expired and the decree, as to compensation, had been satisfied; hence personal service as in a …

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Sales - What Constitutes Notice Of Defective Title May 1932

Sales - What Constitutes Notice Of Defective Title

Michigan Law Review

A retail dealer in automobiles sold to the plaintiff a new and unregistered automobile. This car had previously been sold by the dealer to a third person, under a conditional sale agreement. This contract the dealer assigned to the plaintiff who recorded it, together with the assignment. Neither the conditional vendor nor the plaintiff took possession of the car which was left in the dealer's possession. Thereafter the dealer sold it to the defendant who purchased for value and without actual notice and took possession. The plaintiff sought to recover the car in an action of replevin. Held, the …

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Torts - Libel And Slander - Publication May 1932

Torts - Libel And Slander - Publication

Michigan Law Review

Defendant uttered words which were defamatory of the plaintiff. The statement was made to defendant's wife and defendant had no reason to believe that they would be overheard. Held, there was no publication. Springer v. Swift (S. D. 1931) 239 N. W. 171.

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Political Theory And Practice, Everett S. Brown May 1932

Political Theory And Practice, Everett S. Brown

Michigan Law Review

A review of THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMERICAN POLITICAL THOUGHT. A DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. By J. Mark Jacobson, Ph.D.

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Crimes - Procedure - Indictment - Included Offense May 1932

Crimes - Procedure - Indictment - Included Offense

Michigan Law Review

Defendant was indicted for burglary with intent to commit larceny. The jury found him guilty of larceny. Held, reversed, burglary not being a compound felony including larceny. State v. Henderson (Iowa 1931) 239 N. W. 588.

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Federal Practice - Power Of United States Supreme Court To Entertain Writ Of Certiorari Where Appeal Has Been Erroneously Taken May 1932

Federal Practice - Power Of United States Supreme Court To Entertain Writ Of Certiorari Where Appeal Has Been Erroneously Taken

Michigan Law Review

Judgment for the plaintiff in a law action was affirmed by the circuit court of appeals, first circuit, and defendant appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States and at the same time petitioned for a writ of certiorari. The appeal was dismissed for want of jurisdiction, and appellee contended that the petition for certiorari could not be entertained under par. (b) of sec. 240, Judicial Code, as amended by Act of February 13, 1925 (c. 229, 43 Stat. 936, 938, 939; U.S. C. A. tit. 28, sec. 347). Held, that the writ of certiorari could be granted, …

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Pleading - Last Clear Chance May 1932

Pleading - Last Clear Chance

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff was riding a bicycle on a bridge. Defendant, towing a truck, sounded his horn and plaintiff drove to the left while defendant passed, but was struck by the truck. The judge charged that if defendant was travelling at an excessive rate of speed, and injury resulted from that cause, plaintiff could recover although negligent. Held, reversed, on the ground, among others, that the instruction as to least clear chance was not supported by any pleading. Steele v. Brada et al. (Iowa 1931) 239 N. W. 538.

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Property - Ownership Of Land May 1932

Property - Ownership Of Land

Michigan Law Review

In a suit to foreclose a purchase-money mortgage, the defendant counterclaimed for a breach of covenant against incumbrances on the ground that a right had been acquired to construct a sewer across the premises at a depth of over 150 feet. The court held that this was not an incumbrance within the covenant as title did not extend to a depth beyond which the owner might reasonably use. Boehringer v. Montalto, 254 N. Y. S. 276 (1931).

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Searches And Seizures - Allegations Necessary For Warrant May 1932

Searches And Seizures - Allegations Necessary For Warrant

Michigan Law Review

The defendant objected to the use in evidence of intoxicating liquor on the ground that it was seized during a search of his premises under an insufficient search warrant. Held, the search warrant was issued without a sufficient showing that reasonable and probable cause existed for the search, there being neither a positive allegation of facts in the affidavit for the warrant nor a hearing of evidence by the issuing magistrate. Smith v. State (Ind. 1931) 177 N. E. 898.

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Annotation Of Marketing Statutes, Major Basil D. Edwards May 1932

Annotation Of Marketing Statutes, Major Basil D. Edwards

Michigan Law Review

A review of AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE MARKETING LAW WITH DECISIONS, STATUTES AND FORMS. By C. K. Bullard

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State Administrative Supervision Of Municipal Indebtedness, E. Blythe Stason Apr 1932

State Administrative Supervision Of Municipal Indebtedness, E. Blythe Stason

Michigan Law Review

One of the lessons being drawn from the present economic depression, and especially from the financial straits of municipalities, is the very real need of more adequate restriction upon the power of cities, towns, villages, counties, school districts and other local governments to burden themselves and their taxpayers with excessive public debt.

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Legal Aid Clinics In Less Thickly Populated Communities, John S. Bradway Apr 1932

Legal Aid Clinics In Less Thickly Populated Communities, John S. Bradway

Michigan Law Review

Legal aid work, whether performed by independent societies, or by clinics connected with law schools, has ceased to be a novelty in large cities, especially in the northeastern and extreme western parts of the United States. When one comes to examine the progress of this charitable aspect of law practice in less thickly settled communities, a definite orientation is necessary. There is little literature dealing either with the need in rural sections and the smaller cities for definite organizations or the question as to whether there is enough clinical material to make possible a law school course in this field. …

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Matrimonial Domicil And Marital Rights In Movables, Arthur Leon Harding Apr 1932

Matrimonial Domicil And Marital Rights In Movables, Arthur Leon Harding

Michigan Law Review

The American decisions in Conflicts of Laws relating to the rights acquired by one spouse in the property of the other by virtue of the fact of marriage stand as a monument to Joseph Story . Almost without exception the cases discussed hereafter have been decided on the basis of his thorough analysis of the law of the Pandects and the eighteenth century civilians. Even where his principles have not been approved, the courts have departed from them only after real and serious consideration. This fact, kept in mind, greatly simplifies the study of the cases themselves.

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President Hoover's Recommendations - Waiver Of Right To Accusation By Grand Jury Indictment Apr 1932

President Hoover's Recommendations - Waiver Of Right To Accusation By Grand Jury Indictment

Michigan Law Review

In Illinois also the time between arrest and indictment is considerable. According to the figures of the Illinois Crime Survey the median time after preliminary hearing before indictment of persons who pleaded guilty ranged from thirteen days in Chicago to thirty-seven days in other parts of the state. An average of another two days is added by the time between arrest and preliminary hearing. In Missouri, too, the time interval is long. It seems reasonable to assume, therefore, that in the federal courts the time between arrest and indictment is at least as long, especially in districts where grand juries …

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The "Common Questions" Principle In The Code Provision For Representative Suits, William Wirt Blume Apr 1932

The "Common Questions" Principle In The Code Provision For Representative Suits, William Wirt Blume

Michigan Law Review

When the object of a creditors' suit is to reach, establish and administer assets in the hands of a trustee who holds them for the benefit of all the creditors, the suit must be by all the creditors or by one or more for the benefit of all. In other types of creditors' suits, for example to set aside a fraudulent conveyance, joinder of all the creditors is not required. Each may sue alone, two or more may join, or one or more may sue for the benefit of all.

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