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Articles 10051 - 10080 of 11192
Full-Text Articles in Law
Public Utilities-Policy As To Competition Between Utilities
Public Utilities-Policy As To Competition Between Utilities
Michigan Law Review
The older view held that the public would be most benefitted by stimulating a vigorous competition among all occupations, including public utilities. An example of such cut-throat competition is to be seen in United Railroads of San Francisco v. City and County of San Francisco, 249 U. S. 517, 39 S. Ct. 361. There, a street railway which had been operating for forty years was paralleled by a municipal railway, though the volume of business did not warrant such a duplication. Another striking example is discussed in Niagara Gorge R. Co. v. Gaiser, 109 Misc. Rep. 38, 178 …
Trusts--Appointment And Control Of Non-Resident Trustees
Trusts--Appointment And Control Of Non-Resident Trustees
Michigan Law Review
Questions involving the appointment and control of non-resident trustees who administer local trusts have been the subject of consideration in two recent interesting cases. In Price v. United Hebrew Charities, (N. J. 1925) 129 Atl. 712, the court appointed a New York corporation to administer a charitable trust in New Jersey, on the nomination of the testator; while in Bank of New York v. Tilton, (N. H. 1925) 129 Atl. 492, the court refused to appoint a New York corporation to administer a local trust, though the testator had nominated that corporation. The ground for refusing the appointment …
Future Interests-Remainder To Surviving Children Vested When
Future Interests-Remainder To Surviving Children Vested When
Michigan Law Review
A tendency to follow legal maxims and trite expressions of the law to their ultimate conclusion may result in a confusion in the law and decisions that must later be reversed, or adhered to although admittedly wrong. In the recent case of Harrison v. Harrison (Ala. 1925) 105 So. 179, the court held that a will devising property to the testator's wife, during her life or widowhood, remainder to testator's then surviving children gave to the children a defeasible vested remainder; that upon the death of one of the children the estate in the other vested absolutely, as no further …
Survivor Of Actions Under The Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Survivor Of Actions Under The Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Michigan Law Review
The question of survival of actions ex delicto following the death of a party thereto has caused no small amount of litigation, and in actions under the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, due to the large sums that are always involved and a consequent desire on the part of the plaintiff to reach all possible sources of compensation, the problem assumes a peculiar importance. Section 7 of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act simply provides that, "Any person who shall be injured in his business or property by any other person or corporation by reason of anything forbidden or declared to be unlawful by …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
Erring Judges Of The Thirteenth Century, William Renwick Riddell
Erring Judges Of The Thirteenth Century, William Renwick Riddell
Michigan Law Review
The Royal Historical Society (of London) has published much material of great interest to lawyers-an humble Fellow, I think none is more interesting than that published in 1906: "State Trials of the Reign of Edward the First, 1289-1293".
The Power Of The Written Assertion, Gustavus Ohlinger
The Power Of The Written Assertion, Gustavus Ohlinger
Michigan Law Review
In his Outline of History Mr. Wells comments on the exaggerated estimate which people generally, through reading the Old Testament account, have come to entertain of the wisdom of Solomon and of the glory and prestige of the Israelitish Kingdom during his reign. By way of contrast, the facts, which are readily available and discernable even in the scriptural narrative, reveal this much advertised monarch as a rather insignificant chieftain and his kingdom as a pawn in the policies of his powerful neighbors-a striking example, according to Mr. Wells, of the power of the written assertion over realities in men's …
Going Value, William W. Potter
Going Value, William W. Potter
Michigan Law Review
It has been said that the law defining "Going Value" and prescribing the method of proving its existence, in any particular public utility rate case, is still in a formative stage,--which implies that though there is an undefined something which constitutes the basis of going value, on account of its elusive and intangible nature, no one has a clearly defined idea of what it is, whence it originates, or how it may be proved and established.
Canada's Treaty Making Power, C. D. Allin
Canada's Treaty Making Power, C. D. Allin
Michigan Law Review
The question of the treaty-making power of the Dominion of Canada was raised in an acute form during the negotiations between Great Britain and the United States governments over the halibut fisheries. After several years of investigation and negotiation, a draft agreement was drawn up by the American State Department and sent to the Canadian government through the British ambassador at Washington. According to the title and preamble of the treaty, the convention was drawn up between the United States and Great Britain, but by Article I, "The Nationals and inhabitants and fishing vessels and boats of the United States …
International Law--Treaties--Are The Rum Tretaties Self-Executing?
International Law--Treaties--Are The Rum Tretaties Self-Executing?
Michigan Law Review
On May 22, 1924, the United States concluded a treaty with Great Britain by which the latter power agreed that it would raise no objection to the search and seizure of its ships by American authorities on the high seas, provided there was reason to suspect that such ships were committing or attempting to commit an offense against United States laws, and provided the search and seizure were made within an hour's run of the American coast. In return the United States conceded to British ships the privilege of bringing into its ports liquor in bond in their ship stores. …
Trusts-When Agent May Purchase Or Lease For Himself
Trusts-When Agent May Purchase Or Lease For Himself
Michigan Law Review
A recent Michigan case has suggested the question: When and under what circumstances may an agent or other fiduciary purchase or lease property for himself, and when will he be decreed a trustee thereof? In this case A owned real estate in Detroit. P and his partners, subtenants, made an offer for a long term lease through D, who appears to have been a special agent with the sole duty of presenting the offer. It was rejected, finally and absolutely, without fraud or collusion on the part of D. Almost immediately D made an offer on his own behalf which …
Evidence By Surviving Participant Of A Contract Or Other Transaction
Evidence By Surviving Participant Of A Contract Or Other Transaction
Michigan Law Review
Among the most prolific and endless sources of litigation of recent times are the so-called "dead man statutes", which forbid the surviving participant in a contract or other transaction to testify regarding it unless the opposing party waives the restriction. These statutes lay down a rule of thumb which treats all cases, meritorious or unmeritorious, exactly the same. In attempting to apply them to the cases the courts have made one fine distinction after another, only to interject still finer ones in between, until the whole· makes a labyrinth in which suitor and court have often found themselves hopelessly lost. …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
What Is An Unreasonable Search?
What Is An Unreasonable Search?
Michigan Law Review
In Carroll v. United States (1925) 267 U. S. 132, 45 Sup. Ct. 280, the Supreme Court held that there may be a reasonable search of an automobile without a search warrant. The recent case of Agnello v. United States (Oct. 12, 1925) 46 Sup. Ct. 4, goes far in the opposite direction with reference to the search of a dwelling house. In the latter case several defendants were convicted of conspiracy to violate the Harrison Drug Act, a felony under the federal law. Two government revenue agents had negotiated with defendants Alba and Centorino in the home of Alba …
Crimes-Negligence And Criminal Negligence
Crimes-Negligence And Criminal Negligence
Michigan Law Review
The layman thinks of a crime as something "wrong" or "wicked",--more, as something intentionally wrong or wicked. He does not believe that he should be subjected to criminal punishment for accidents and inadvertencies, or even for his neglects. In general the law looks at the matter in the same way, and in the lawbooks the layman's idea has found expression in the rule that a crime requires, in addition to an act, a mens rea--a guilty mind with respect to the act.
Estoppels-Legal And Equitable-Question As To Whether Equitable Estoppels May Be A Defense At Law
Estoppels-Legal And Equitable-Question As To Whether Equitable Estoppels May Be A Defense At Law
Michigan Law Review
An estoppel has been defined as "an impediment or bar, by which a man is precluded from alleging, or denying a fact, in consequence of his own previous act, allegation, or denial to the contrary". Jacob. In both law and equity estoppels were introduced at a very early date. Legal estoppels long antedated Coke, who attempted to enumerate them. Co. LIT. (17th ed.) 352, a. In fact, in some forms, as the estoppels by deed and of record, legal estoppels must have existed from the early beginnings of the common law. The doctrine which gave rise to equitable estoppels also …
The Intention Fallacy In The Construction Of Title Retaining Contracts, Abraham J. Levin
The Intention Fallacy In The Construction Of Title Retaining Contracts, Abraham J. Levin
Michigan Law Review
''Truth", said William James, "lives for the most part on a credit system. Our thoughts and beliefs 'pass', so long as nothing challenges them, just as bank-notes pass, so long as nobody refuses them." This can also be said of legal principles. In the interpretation and construction of conditional sales and kindred title retaining instruments the courts and lawyers and text writers have assumed that the intention of the parties governs under all circumstances regardless of whether the suit is between the original parties to the contract, or whether the issue involves the rights of third parties. So far as …
The Significance Of The Endowment, John M. Zane
The Significance Of The Endowment, John M. Zane
Michigan Law Review
Engraven over the entrance to this building are the words "The Character of the Legal Profession Depends on the Character of the Law Schools. The Character of the Law Schools Forecasts the Future of America."
An Appraisal Of English Procedure, Edson R. Sunderland
An Appraisal Of English Procedure, Edson R. Sunderland
Michigan Law Review
On paper the program of the London meeting of the American Bar Association last year was not a crowded one. No busy morning sessions hurried the members away from their hotels; at noon there was a leisurely opportunity for comfortable luncheons; and the drowsy summer afternoon was far advanced before the real business of the day began. But the printed program only marked the high points of the meeting. All through the week, by day and by night, there was London to be seen, the Abbey, the Tower, the Thames, palaces, parks and galleries, and the thousand historic spots which …
Pseudo-Protection Of The Property In Rate Cases
Pseudo-Protection Of The Property In Rate Cases
Michigan Law Review
It is clear that in ascertaining the present value we are not limited to the consideration of the actual investment. If that has been reckless or improvident, losses may be sustained which the community does not underwrite. As the company may not be protected in its actual investment, if the value of its property be plainly less, so the making of a just return for the use of the property involves the recognition of its fair value if it be more than its cost. The property is held in private ownership, and it is that property, and not the original …
The Law School And The Professional Tradition, Roscoe Pound
The Law School And The Professional Tradition, Roscoe Pound
Michigan Law Review
Only historians know that Michigan, Illinois and Wisconsin were once, at least in legal theory, governed by the Custom of Paris. That fact has not left a mark upon the actual law of any of those jurisdictions. Nor is the reason far to seek. In the pioneer days of the French occupation of this part of North America there was little scope for such law as is to be found in books. There was need only for a rude administration of offhand justice in the simple concerns of a frontier society. And had there been need for anything more, the …
Taxation-Inheritance Tax-Power Of Appointment
Taxation-Inheritance Tax-Power Of Appointment
Michigan Law Review
An inheritance tax in general is a tax on the exercise of a right. It is in the nature of an excise tax. Knowlton v. Moore, 178 U. S. 41. In recent years many states, as well as the federal government, have extended their taxing activities in this field. 4 COOLY, TAXATION, 4th ed. p. 3439. New York passed a statute in 1892 taxing the exercise of a power of appointment. The statute declared that whenever any person exercises a power of appointment, such appointment when made shall be deemed a transfer taxable as though the property belonged absolutely …
Insurance-Liability Of Insurance Company For Negligence In Exercising Its Option To Settle Or Defend
Insurance-Liability Of Insurance Company For Negligence In Exercising Its Option To Settle Or Defend
Michigan Law Review
In a recent New Hampshire case, the plaintiff had insured with defendant company against liability for personal injuries to plaintiff's employees not exceeding $5,000.00. The policy under the title of "Service" provided that defendant would investigate all claims and settle them "according to the law". The defendant insurer also agreed to defend such suits as might be brought against plaintiff because of such injuries. One of plaintiff's employees was injured and though he offered to settle for $1,300.00, the defendant refused the offer. Thereupon the employee sued and recovered $13,500.00 in an action defended by defendant company according to their …
Boundaries On Highways
Michigan Law Review
When the subject matter of a conveyance is sought to be identified by reference to boundaries indicated by monuments of appreciable width, inevitably the question arises as to the particular part of the monument which is to control. It is agreed that prima facie the center point or line is to be taken. There is in this rule the practical value of ascertainable certainty; besides, it has, an inherent reasonableness that commends it. The rule, however, should not be applied when a result would be produced that would not accord with what other considerations show pretty clearly must have been …
Wills--Admissibility Of Parole Evidence To Show Mistake Of Scrivner
Wills--Admissibility Of Parole Evidence To Show Mistake Of Scrivner
Michigan Law Review
Perhaps very few legal questions have given rise to more controversy than that of the admissibility of parol evidence to show the intent of a testator. An interesting phase of the general question was presented to the supreme court of errors of Connecticut in the recent case of Stearns v. Stearns, (Conn. 1925) 130 Atl. 112. Parol evidence was offered to show that the testatrix intended to devise and bequeath all the residue and remainder of her estate to her husband and that instructions were so given to the scrivener but he failed to draft the will in accordance …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
Sterilization Of Mental Defectives, Burke Shartel
Sterilization Of Mental Defectives, Burke Shartel
Michigan Law Review
In 1923 the legislature of Michigan passed an act "to authorize the sterilization of mentally defective persons". This act has recently been sustained in its main provisions by the Michigan supreme court in a case brought to test its constitutionality. Probably the United States Supreme Court will also have an opportunity to pass upon the validity of this law, but the Michigan decision, although not final on the question whether the sterilization of defectives is violative of the "due process clause" of the Fourteenth Amendment, is nevertheless very significant. It is the first instance so far as the writer can …