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Full-Text Articles in Law

Infants-Liability On Tort Arising Out Of Contract Jun 1931

Infants-Liability On Tort Arising Out Of Contract

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff was the assignee of a conditional sales contract for an automobile purchased by defendant, a minor. The contract contained a provision that the car should not be used in connection with any violation of any state or federal law. The defendant was apprehended by federal officers while using the car for the illegal transportation of liquor. The car was seized and later forfeited, and the plaintiff brought a tort action for the conversion of the car. Held, the infancy of the conditional buyer was no defense to an action for conversion by a wilful, illegal use. Vermont Acceptance …

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Negligence-Proximate Cause-Duty Of Parking Lot Owner To Car Owner Jun 1931

Negligence-Proximate Cause-Duty Of Parking Lot Owner To Car Owner

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff parked his car in defendant's parking lot, which was open to the public although no attendant appears to have been on duty. There was an unguarded excavation about forty feet to the rear of the space chosen by the plaintiff. In preparing to leave the lot, plaintiff cranked his car which, apparently, had been left in reverse. The car backed into the excavation, despite plaintiff's efforts to get it under control, and plaintiff sued the lot owner for injuries resulting. Held, that the defendant parking lot owner was not liable. Fielding v. S. Z. Poli Realty Co. (Mass. …

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Torts-Automobiles-Statute Limiting Liability To Gratuitous Passengers Jun 1931

Torts-Automobiles-Statute Limiting Liability To Gratuitous Passengers

Michigan Law Review

In her declaration, plaintiff alleged that while she was riding as a gratuitous passenger in defendant's automobile, she was injured as a consequence of defendant's gross negligence in permitting a person known by him to be incompetent to drive the automobile; that by reason of the incompetence of the driver, the car went into a ditch, causing the injury complained of. The defendant moved to dismiss the declaration on the ground that it did not charge actionable gross negligence and that the defendant was not liable for mere negligence under a Michigan statute. Held, that the declaration should be …

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Torts-Defective Trees-Duty Of Abutter Jun 1931

Torts-Defective Trees-Duty Of Abutter

Michigan Law Review

While the plaintiff was travelling along the public highway, he was injured by the falling of a decayed tree which stood within twenty feet of the highway upon the adjoining land of the defendant. On sustaining a demurrer to the declaration, the court held that there was no duty upon the rural abutter to inspect the tree. Chambers v. Whelen, et al. (C. C. A. 4th, 1930) 44 F.(2d) 340.

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Torts-Last Clear Chance Doctrine-Position Of Peril Jun 1931

Torts-Last Clear Chance Doctrine-Position Of Peril

Michigan Law Review

The trial court refused to give an instruction to the effect that "if the jury believed that the decedent, by her own negligence, had placed herself in a position of peril, and the defendant saw and realized her condition in time to avoid the accident by the exercise of ordinary care, but failed to do so, the defendant was solely responsible for her death." Held, that the instruction was rightly refused. Sadler v. Benson (Cal. App. 1930) 293 Pac. 126.

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Trusts-Liability Of Trust Estate For Torts Of Trustee Jun 1931

Trusts-Liability Of Trust Estate For Torts Of Trustee

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff, an employee of a laundry of which the legal title was held in trust, was injured by an unguarded machine. The trustee was sued in tort in his representative capacity. There was no evidence as to whether the trustee himself or some agent was directly responsible for the condition of the premises. Held, the judgment of the lower court, directing that the plaintiff be paid out of the assets of the trust estate, was correct. Where the trustee is charged with the duty of carrying on a business the trust estate may be held liable for the negligence …

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Torts--Fraudulent Misrepresentations-Expression Of Opinion Jun 1931

Torts--Fraudulent Misrepresentations-Expression Of Opinion

Michigan Law Review

On an exchange of property the defendant's agent, to induce the trade, fraudulently overvalued the defendant's property, and fraudulently undervalued certain taxes and assessments for which the plaintiff would be liable. Held, such statements by a vendor amounted to mere sales talk and opinion, and would be no basis for an action for fraud. Deshatreaux v. Batson (Miss. 1930) 131 So. 346.

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Torts-Proximate Cause-Intervening Criminal Act May 1931

Torts-Proximate Cause-Intervening Criminal Act

Michigan Law Review

Defendant, in entering plaintiff's house to repossess certain furniture sold under a contract granting the vendor the right to repossess, opened, and left open, a window which plaintiff had nailed shut. Subsequently a burglar entered plaintiff's house and stole other goods belonging to plaintiff. Alleging negligence on defendant's part, plaintiff sued and recovered for the value of the goods stolen, but, on appeal, it was held that there was not sufficient evidence of negligence to warrant the verdict, and that, admitting negligence, the alleged negligence was not, as a matter of law, the cause of plaintiff's loss. Strong v. Granite …

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Husband And Wife-Right Of Wife To Sue Husband For Tort May 1931

Husband And Wife-Right Of Wife To Sue Husband For Tort

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff, an automobile guest resident in Wisconsin, brought action against the driver for personal injuries sustained in Illinois through the driver's negligence. After commencement of the action but before trial the parties intermarried. Held, that by the law of Illinois the cause of action was extinguished because of the legal unity of husband and wife, that the law governing the creation and extent of defendant's liability was the law of Illinois, and the cause of action therefore abated. Buckeye v. Buckeye (Wis. 1931) 234 N.W. 342.

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Conflict Of Laws-Foreign Tort-Survival Of Action May 1931

Conflict Of Laws-Foreign Tort-Survival Of Action

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff, defendant, and defendant's intestate were all residents of Minnesota. Plaintiff was injured in Wisconsin due to the negligence of the defendant's intestate. Under Wisconsin statute (Laws of Wis., 1927, sec. 287.01) such cause of action survived against the estate of the wrongdoer. By express statute in Minnesota (Minn. Gen. Stat. 1923, sec. 9656) the rule of the common law applied to such actions and they abated on the death of the wrongdoer. Plaintiff sued the defendant executor in Minnesota. Held, that the lex loci delicti governed and the action did not abate. Chubbuck v. Holloway (Minn. 1931) 234 …

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Review: A Textbook On Law And Business, J. Wayne Ley May 1931

Review: A Textbook On Law And Business, J. Wayne Ley

Michigan Law Review

A Book Review on A TEXTBOOK ON LAW AND BUSINESS By William H. Spencer

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The Liability Of An Aviator For Damage To Persons And Property On The Ground, Julian G. Hearne Jr. Apr 1931

The Liability Of An Aviator For Damage To Persons And Property On The Ground, Julian G. Hearne Jr.

West Virginia Law Review

In dealing with the subject matter of this article, many writers have approached the question of an aviator's liability as though there were but two possible solutions,-that is, the imposition of absolute liability for all injuries to persons and property on the ground, or to hold the aviator only for injuries due to his negligence. Statutes of many states have adopted the first proposed solution, several states have enacted laws prescribing the second, while other commonwealths have merged the two, sometimes adding or subtracting various features. Therefore, the sum total of all the legislation on the subject presents a picture …

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Nuisance-Effect Of Failure To Do Everything Practicable To Prevent Apr 1931

Nuisance-Effect Of Failure To Do Everything Practicable To Prevent

Michigan Law Review

The defendant's galvanizing plant emitted noxious fumes, causing a noticeable odor on the premises of the plaintiff. Held, the defendant was maintaining a nuisance. Its failure to do everything "commercially practicable" to prevent the condition was an important factor in determining whether or not a nuisance existed. De Blois v. Bowers, 44 F.(2d) 621.

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Sales-Absolute Warranty Of Purity Of Food--"Liability Without Fault" Apr 1931

Sales-Absolute Warranty Of Purity Of Food--"Liability Without Fault"

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff bought a bottle of Coca-Cola from a retailer; it was opened in his presence and he drank it at once. The bottle contained decomposed parts of a mouse or rat, and the plaintiff became violently ill after drinking the Coca-Cola. In an action against the manufacturer, held, that there was an absolute warranty of fitness for human consumption, and that the manufacturer was liable for the results of any impurities, regardless of whether or not he was negligent. Coca-Cola Bottling Works v. Simpson (Miss. 1930) 130 So. 479.

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Torts-Insurance-Duty Of Insured Company On Receipt Of An Application Apr 1931

Torts-Insurance-Duty Of Insured Company On Receipt Of An Application

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Parent And Child--Right Of Minor Child To Sue Parent For Personal Tort, Jerome Katz Apr 1931

Parent And Child--Right Of Minor Child To Sue Parent For Personal Tort, Jerome Katz

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Carriers-Liability For Loss Of Goods-Connecting Carriers In Foreign Commerce Apr 1931

Carriers-Liability For Loss Of Goods-Connecting Carriers In Foreign Commerce

Michigan Law Review

A box of furs, shipped from London, England, to New York City, U. S. A., over the line of the defendant navigation company, was delivered to the defendant trucking company at the order of the United States because the duties had not been paid. The trucking company delivered it to the defendant warehouse where it remained a week before being moved by the same trucking company to the United States Appraisal Stores. Here it was discovered that some of the furs had been stolen from the box. Held, the defendant navigation company was not liable as initial carrier under …

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Negligence-Spread Of Fire-"New York Rule." Mar 1931

Negligence-Spread Of Fire-"New York Rule."

Michigan Law Review

The properties of plaintiff and defendant were separated by a city street. While filling a gasoline tank on his premises defendant allowed the tank to overflow, the escaping gasoline ignited, the fire spread to a warehouse on defendant's property and thence, across the street, to plaintiff's buildings. Held, that the negligence of the defendant was the proximate cause of the injury to the plaintiff, within the so-called "New York Rule" of limited liability in such cases, inasmuch as the titles of the two parties ran to the center of the street. Homac Corporation v. Sun Oil Co., 244 …

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Master And Servant-Liability For Acts Of Apparent Agent Or Servant Mar 1931

Master And Servant-Liability For Acts Of Apparent Agent Or Servant

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff received bums as a result of the negligence of the operator of a beauty parlor located in defendant's department store. The operations of the beauty parlor were advertised over the name of the defendant, and the shop was, to all appearances, a part of the defendant's store; defendant claimed, however, that the beauty shop was operated by an independent owner. Held, that the plaintiff had a right to rely on the defendant's representations that the shop was one of its departments, hence, that a verdict for the plaintiff should not be disturbed. Fields' Inc. v. Evans (Ohio App. …

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Torts-Right Of Privacy Mar 1931

Torts-Right Of Privacy

Michigan Law Review

Petition by the plaintiffs alleging an invasion of their right of privacy by an unauthorized publication of a picture of their malformed child, taken without their consent after its death, held, on demurrer, to state a cause of action. Bazemore v. Savannah Hospital et al. (Ga. 1930). 155 S.E. 194.

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Torts-Negligent Misrepresentation-Duty Arising From Contract To Persons Not Parties Mar 1931

Torts-Negligent Misrepresentation-Duty Arising From Contract To Persons Not Parties

Michigan Law Review

The defendants, accountants, examined the books of the Stern Co., knowing that their balance sheet and 32 certified copies would be exhibited as a basis for future credit, but not knowing of the plaintiff particularly. Through negligence they failed to discover and report insolvency. Relying upon the report showing a solvent concern plaintiff extended credit to the Stem Co. He sued for his loss in two counts, negligence and fraud. Held, defendants had no duty to plaintiff to exercise due care, so he can not recover for negligence in the examination. But defendants might be liable for fraud as …

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Parent And Child-Education As A Necessary Feb 1931

Parent And Child-Education As A Necessary

Michigan Law Review

Defendant owned a farm where he and his family lived. He owned a car, paid his bills, and lived as comfortably as the average farmer. He provided piano lessons for his twelve-year old daughter, who showed an aptitude for music and was the pianist, of the neighborhood. For tuning a piano at the request of defendant's wife and daughter, plaintiff recovered a judgment of five dollars, based on a verdict that tuning the piano was a necessary for which defendant was liable. Held, that the amount being easily within the means of the father and the service necessary if …

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Pleading-Limitations Of Actions Feb 1931

Pleading-Limitations Of Actions

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff's complaint, both as to the action for breach of warranty in the sale of condensed milk, and for a running account between October 17, 1917, and March 20, 1920, was drawn up in such a manner that in so far as the facts alleged in the complaint were concerned, the causes of action might have accrued. more than six years before this suit was started, that is, while it did not appear on the face of the complaint that the causes of action accrued more than six years prior to the bringing of this suit, yet, from all …

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Husband And Wife--Ante-Nuptial Tort By Husband Against Wife--Effect Of Subsequent Marriage, Jerome Katz Feb 1931

Husband And Wife--Ante-Nuptial Tort By Husband Against Wife--Effect Of Subsequent Marriage, Jerome Katz

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Injunction-Against Tort-Balance Of Convenience Feb 1931

Injunction-Against Tort-Balance Of Convenience

Michigan Law Review

The defendant railroad company held a lease for a right of way to and from the complainant's flour mill. In violation of their lease, and over the protest of the plaintiff, a side track was run from the branch track of the complainant to the track of the Litchfield Dairy Association and later extended to the plant of the defendant association, a competitor of the complainant. Held, the complainant was entitled to a decree restraining the defendants from moving cars for the defendant association over the complainant's side track. Affirmed. Stock and Sons v. Litchfield Coop. Shipper's Ass'n. et …

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Master And Servant-Effect Of Servant's Ownership Of Instrumentality On Liability Of Master Feb 1931

Master And Servant-Effect Of Servant's Ownership Of Instrumentality On Liability Of Master

Michigan Law Review

Defendant contracted with miners to dig out clay at ton-rate, the miners to furnish their own equipment. They buried their powder to prevent theft; but some boys found it and were injured in its explosion. Held, the miners were independent contractors, but that, if they were employees, they did not act within the scope of their employment in burying their powder. General Refractories Co. v. Mozier (Ky. 1930) 30 S.W.(2d) 952.

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Carriers-Contract Against Liability For Negligence By Telephone Company Feb 1931

Carriers-Contract Against Liability For Negligence By Telephone Company

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff sought to recover for damages to its business resulting from the failure of defendant company to list plaintiff's main office and number and the incorrect listing of plaintiff's branch office in the 1928 telephone directory plaintiff being a subscriber to defendant's service. The contract of service contained a clause providing that defendant shall not be liable "for damages arising from errors or omissions in the making up or printing of its directory." The court held that in the absence of any showing of gross negligence or wilful misconduct; there was no liability for the omission and error. Hamilton Employment …

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Negligence-Implied Invitation Feb 1931

Negligence-Implied Invitation

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff's intestate was killed as a result of the defendant's failure to keep in repair a footway paralleling a railroad and vehicular toll bridge. Held, that the defendant, by permitting the public to use this footway, had impliedly invited its use and hence owed the deceased the duty of keeping the premises in a reasonably safe condition. Louisville, and Nashville R.R. v. Snow's Admr. (Ky. 1930) 30 S.W.(2d) 885.

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Torts-Negligence-Duty To A Seen Trespasser-Child Trespassers Feb 1931

Torts-Negligence-Duty To A Seen Trespasser-Child Trespassers

Michigan Law Review

The defendant was hired by the owner of some waste land to cut down a tree. The land was unfenced and the children of the neighborhood used. it as a playground, although they had no license to do so. When the cutting of the tree began, a crowd of children gathered, and though driven away they returned. With but one root remaining the defendant cut it without further warning, and the infant plaintiff was injured by the falling tree. The trial court found that the defendant was guilty of negligence; that this negligence was the proximate cause of plaintiff's injury; …

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Trusts-Right Of Trustee To Reimbursement For Tort Liability Feb 1931

Trusts-Right Of Trustee To Reimbursement For Tort Liability

Michigan Law Review

The recent New York case, In re Lathers presents the question seldom before raised whether a trustee may be reimbursed from the trust estate for tort liability to a third person through his negligence in management of the estate. In that case, as a result of fire in an apartment building of the trust property, the trustee suffered judgments for $62,000 plus costs. The rooms of one apartment, rented by the trustee's agent, had been closed off by the lessee to form several small apartments. For the one subleased to the tort creditor, access to fire escapes, adequate normally, was …

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