Law Commons^™

United States Employment Taxation Of German Nationals Working In The United States, John L. Gornall, Jr., Kevin Conboy

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article begins with a discussion of the general application of FICA, SECA, and FUTA to nonresident aliens. Knowledge of the ordinary United States employment taxation scheme is necessary for an understanding of how the totalization agreement works.

The second part of this Article explains how totalization agreements between the United States and certain foreign countries--including the Federal Republic of Germany--have altered the United States employment taxation of nonresident aliens. These agreements generally provide the following: (1) the foreign worker and employer may pay taxes and receive benefits from either the home country or the temporary host country, but in …

Case Digest, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

FORCED ENTRY OF THE SINGLE CABIN OF A 27-FOOT SAILING SLOOP TO CONDUCT A DOCUMENT AND SAFETY INSPECTION Is NOT AN UNREASONABLE SEARCH--United States v. Thompson, 710 F.2d 1500(11th Cir. 1983).

EXCLUDABLE ALIENS HAVE A CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO A HEARING AFTER THE INITIAL PERIOD OF DETENTION--Fernandez-Roque v. Smith, 567 F. Supp. 1115 (N.D. Ga. 1983).

EXCLUSIONARY RULE BARs USE IN DEPORTATION PROCEEDINGS OF EVIDENCE OBTAINED BY INS OFFICERS IN VIOLATION OF THE FOURTH AMENDMENT--Lopez-Mendoza v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 705 F.2d 1059 (9th Cir. 1983) (en banc).

LABOR UNION HAS STANDING TO MAINTAIN ACTION FOR VIOLATION OF DUE PROCESS RIGHTS …

Post-Contractual Arbitrability After Nolde Brothers: A Problem Of Conceptual Clarity, Arthur S. Leonard

Articles & Chapters

In Nolde Brothers, Inc. v. Local No. 358, Bakery & Confectionery Workers Union,' the Supreme Court held that a labor-management grievance dispute which arose after the expiration of a collective bargaining agreement might, under certain circumstances, be compulsorily arbitrable even though no successor agreement providing for arbitration had been entered into by the parties.2 In so holding, however, the Supreme Court was imprecise in articulating the factors underlying its determination,3 leaving to the lower courts and the National Labor Relations Board (Board) the considerable task of adopting the broadly phrased Nolde rationale-a presumption of continuing arbitrability- to differing situations where …

Title Vii, Equal Employment Opportunity, And Academic Autonomy: Toward A Principled Deference, Harry F. Tepker

Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Employment Discrimination-Seniority Systems Under Title Vii: American Tobacco Co. V. Pattersonand Pullman-Standard V. Swint, Joseph D. Mccluskey

University of Richmond Law Review

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 "is a broad remedial measure designed 'to assure equality of employment opportunities.'" The Su- preme Court, in the seminal Title VII employment discrimination case, Griggs v. Duke Power Co.,s stated that "[t]he objective of Congress in the enactment of Title VII ...was to achieve equality of employment oppor- tunities and remove barriers that have operated in the past to favor an identifiable group of white employees over other employees."" The Griggs decision has provided the basic framework for analyzing employment dis- crimination cases. The Court held that any employment practices, proce- …

Title Ix And Employment Discrimination: North Haven Board Of Education V. Bell, Claire G. Cardwell

University of Richmond Law Review

In 1972, Congress enacted Title IX of the Education Amendments in response to widespread sex discrimination by educational institutions. The goal of the statute was to prevent the use of federal funds to support discriminatory practices by institutions of higher education. In 1975, the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW) issued regulations pursuant to sections 901 and 902 of Title IX. These regulations were specifically directed at the employment practices of federally funded education programs.

Private Injunctive Relief Against Labor Union Violence, Thomas R. Haggard

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Administering The Tort Of Negligent Infliction Of Mental Distress: A Synthesis, Terri Krivosha Herring

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

First National Maintenance V. Nlrb: Limiting The Mandatory Duty To Bargain, Augusta Scribner

Antioch Law Journal

In First National Maintenance Corp. v. NLRB I the United States Supreme Court further limited the subjects that require mandatory collective bargaining. 2 The Court overruled a long-standing National Labor Relations Board policy that required an employer to bargain about the decision to partially close its business. 3 The Court formulated a new balancing test that weighs the employer's need to maintain the freedom to manage its business against the benefit to labor-management relations and the collective bargaining process.

A Guide For Occupational Safety And Health For Legal Services And Community Law Offices, Carol Oppenheimer

Antioch Law Journal

The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act), passed in 1970, is intended to provide "every working man and woman in the Nation safe and healthful working conditions."' The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) enforces the Act; 2 the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) does research on workplace hazards and recommends practices and standards for industry. 3 By contrast with the state workers compensation schemes, the underlying purpose of the OSH Act is to prevent occupationally related injuries, disease and death, rather than to compensate the worker once the harm has occurred. The OSH Act, if …

Judicial Responses To The Eeoc's Failure To Attempt Conciliation, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

This Note suggests that a court faced with inadequate conciliation efforts by the EEOC should dismiss the action without prejudice. Part I argues that dismissal better serves the remedial purpose of the statute than summary judgment. Part II then demonstrates that dismissal satisfies the policy concerns of courts that dispose of inadequately conciliated suits. Although dismissal may not promote judicial efficiency as well as summary judgment, courts and the Commission can handle the dismissal to minimize duplication. Part III advances dismissal for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted as the appropriate procedural vehicle for disposing …

Leveling The Road From Borg-Warner To First National Maintenance: The Scope Of Mandatory Bargaining, Michael C. Harper

Faculty Scholarship

The Supreme Court's most recent effort to distinguish nonmandatory bargaining topics, First National Maintenance Corp. v. NLRB, ¹⁹ illustrates the Court's lack of clarity in this area and vindicates Cox's and Wellington's criticisms of the Court's approach in Borg-Warner. In First National Maintenance (F.N.M.), the Court held that an employer's decision "to shut down part of its business purely for economic reasons" was outside the scope of mandatory bargaining.²⁰ The Court could cite no evidence that Congress intended to prevent employee representatives from obtaining full effective bargaining over such decisions, nor did it articulate any general principle to …

Rule 10b-5-The Equivalent Scope Of Liability Under Respondeat Superior And Section 20(A)-Imposing A Benefit Requirement On Apparent Authority, Carol M. Lynch

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Note demonstrates that the scope of employer liability for employees' rule 10b-5 violations is no broader under a proper application of respondeat superior than under section 20(a). This Note does not address the question whether respondeat superior applies under rule 10b-5, but rather how courts should apply it.

Part II examines the majority, minority, and Third Circuit decisions on employer liability. Part III discusses the traditional analysis under both respondeat superior and section 20(a) and compares the scope of liability under each one. Part III concludes that except for an employer's liability for acts that are within an employee's …

United States Postal Service Board Of Governors V. Aikens, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Perry Education Association V. Perry Local Educators' Association, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. V. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (Eeoc), Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

The Origins Of The Occupational Safety And Health Act Of 1970, Patrick G. Donnelly

Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work Faculty Publications

This paper analyzes the emergence of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and finds previous explanations of its origin inadequate. I trace the roots of this law to the protests of rank-and-file workers across the United States at a time when the support of these workers was particularly important to the two main political parties. The protest was directed not only at those employers who operated unsafe and unhealthy workplaces, but also at union officials who paid little or no attention to safety and health issues in negotiating new contracts.

The Exercise Of Executive Discretion: A Study Of A Regional Office Of The Department Of Labor, Michael C. Harper

Faculty Scholarship

Writing for a recent symposium on empirical research in administrative law, Professor Paul Verkuil noted that such research "casts light on one of the dark corners of the law. The vast majority of administrative decisions are of the informal variety, meaning they take place outside the reach of generic administrative procedure acts and frequently outside the courts themselves."' We are only beginning to appreciate how vast is this dark corner and how varied the possible modes of illumination.

This essay casts some additional light into the corner by reporting on a study of the exercise of executive discretion by a …

Multiple Legal Representation Of Erisa Plans And Employers Following Allegations Of Fraud And Malfeasance, Elwyn C. Lee

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Employer Participation In The Decertification Process: How Big A Helping Hand?, Ellen Rust Peirce

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Baseball's Third Strike: The Triumph Of Collective Bargaining In Professional Baseball, Robert A. Mccormick

Vanderbilt Law Review

Since the inception of professional baseball, team owners have imposed limits on the freedom of players to negotiate contract terms. In this article Professor McCormick traces the history of attempts by professional baseball players to obtain contractual freedoms through the use of the antitrust and labor relations laws, attempts that culminated with the players' strike of 1981. Although players in other team sports successfully have utilized antitrust laws to increase player bargaining power, Professor McCormick argues that labor law has provided baseball players the only effective means to gain increased contractual freedoms. Professor McCormick concludes that player-owner disputes over the …

The Conflict Surrounding The Producer Distributor Relationship Requirement Of The Publicity Proviso

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

Labor Relations Law In The United States From A Comparative Perspective*, Benjamin Aaron

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

Employment Discrimination Under The Federal Mine Safety And Health Act, James A. Broaderick, Daniel Minahan

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Recent Decisions Under The Federal Mine Safety And Health Act Of 1977, Wray Voegelin

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Dalhousie Faculty Association V Board Of Governors Of Dalhousie College And University, Innis Christie

Innis Christie Collection

Association grievance alleging that Ms. Bednarski and Dr. Ross were members of the Bargaining Unit for the academic year 1981-82, that the University breached the Collective Agreement between the parties signed February 5, 1981 and effective from that date to June 30, 1982 and thereafter in accordance with Article 33.01, by failing to deduct regular monthly dues from their salaries in accordance with Article 7.02 and failing to provide information in accordance with Articles 7.05, 7.08(a) and 7.08(b). The Association seeks a declaration that Ms. Bednarski and Dr. Ross were members of the Bargaining Unit during the academic year 1981-82 …

Vested Seniority Rights: A Conceptual Approach, Francis A. Citera

University of Miami Law Review

Under contemporary jurisprudence, vested seniority rights are considered creatures of contract. As such, they generally are subject to "divestiture" with the termination of the collective-bargaining agreement. Relying upon Zdanok v. Glidden Co. and Locke's labor theory of property, the author argues that seniority rights are property rights derived from the worker's employment independent of the contract.

In Wake Of Mandolidis: A Case Study Of Recent Trials Brought Under The Mandolidis Theory--Courts Are Grappling With Procedural Uncertainties And Juries Are Awarding Exorbitant Damages For Plaintiffs, David A. Mohler

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Limits Upon A Labor Union's Duty To Control Wildcat Strikes, James Bryan Zimarowski

West Virginia Law Review

Industrial relations and collective bargaining have come a long way since the violent industrial and economic warfare of the pre-1940's period. But as labor unions and business organizations became more facially "professional" in their relationship, some union rank and file members have viewed this professionalism as being both restrictive and conservative and have chosen to resolve certain industrial grievances through the use of wildcat work stoppages. This discordant practice has created strains in the collective bargaining relationship of the negotiating union and the employer, in legal actions to enforce the collective bargaining argeement, in the relationship between the union and …

Sexual Harassment And The Employer-Employee Relationship, Alayne B. Adams

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.