Other Engineering Commons^™

Bc-Xaia: A Blockchain-Based Recruitment Framework With Explainable Ai And Smart Contract Integration, Heba Allah Adel, Sayed Abdelgaber, Wessam H. El-Behaidy

Computer Science

Ensuring transparency and security in digital recruitment systems remains a critical challenge. This study proposes BC-XAIA, a unified framework that integrates blockchain, smart contracts, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), and agile methodology to enable consistent, secure, and traceable recruitment decision-making. Smart contracts, implemented in Solidity and deployed using the Remix Ethereum IDE, automate key processes such as identity verification, data access control, and behavior monitoring, reducing reliance on centralized intermediaries. To support intelligent decision-making, multiple machine learning models, including Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine (SVM), were trained and evaluated on a recruitment dataset, with Random Forest achieving the …

Comprehensive Study On Explainable Artificial Intelligence For Enhanced Decision-Making, Eman Taher, Wessam H. El-Behaidy, Doaa S. Elzanfaly

Computer Science

Artificial Intelligence (AI) models are often criticized for their black-box nature, particularly in high-stakes domains such as finance, healthcare, and business decision-making, where transparency, accountability, and trust are essential. As machine learning advances with more complex architectures, including deep neural networks and ensemble models, the need for explainability becomes increasingly critical. This study focuses on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) as a key approach to enhance interpretability in classification, regression, and clustering tasks that serve as the foundation of data-driven analytical systems. XAI methods such as SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations), LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations), and Integrated Gradients provide a means …

Diagnosis Of Covid-19 Impact On The Construction Employment: Decline And Recovery, Anil Baral, Abdullah Alnuaimi, Yunping Liang, Baabak Ashuri, Mohsen S. Shahandashti

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) had an unprecedented impact on U.S. construction employment. The assessment of employment declines and recoveries across various construction sectors, workforce demographics, and geographic regions helps develop inclusive long-term plans to overcome the setbacks of natural hazards, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Existing methods for quantifying the employment decline from sudden shocks do not consider trends and seasonality of construction employment under normal conditions. Hence, it is not clear whether the employment declines are due to the impact of a disaster or associated with trends and seasonal patterns of employment. The objective of this research is …

Monitoring Groundwater Flow At Old Works Using Anisotropy, 3-D Electrical Geophysics, And Dem-Based Terrain Analysis, Yihaun Gao

Honors Theses

Groundwater flow in shallow heterogeneous environments is often difficult to characterize using a single geophysical method. This study applies an integrated approach combining azimuthal resistivity anisotropy, self-potential (SP) measurements, DEM-derived terrain indices, and three-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography (3-D ERT) to delineate preferential groundwater pathways at the Old Works Golf Course in Anaconda, Montana. Azimuthal anisotropy analysis from eighteen 2-D ERT profiles revealed a dominant directional dependence in electrical conductivity, indicating a structural or sedimentological control on subsurface flow. The anisotropy results indicate a preferred conductivity direction of approximately 200°–210° in azimuth (0° is north), suggesting that groundwater movement is guided …

Multi-Modal Tensor Fusion For Alzheimer’S Disease Recognition, Mason Li, Tiffany Le, Jiajing Huang, Yuxin Wen

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Accurate and early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is critical for effective intervention, disease monitoring, and patient care. Traditional diagnostic approaches rely on a single modality, such as clinical assessments, neuroimaging, or genetic markers, which may fail to capture the complex, multifaceted nature of AD. Multimodal learning has therefore been explored to integrate complementary information across data sources. However, conventional fusion strategies, including early feature concatenation and late decision-level fusion, often model modalities independently and fail to capture high-order cross-modal interactions. To address these limitations, we propose a multimodal tensor fusion network (MTFN) that integrates heterogeneous data sources, including visual …

Sustainability Tool Inventory, Robert Moore, James O'Donnell

Tools

The purpose of this inventory is to inform Irish organisations, including the private sector, public agencies and semi-states, about Sustainability Tool

Dual-Function Plasmonic Structure For Logic Operations And Circular Polarization Detection, Marjan Bazian, Mark C. Harrison

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Many integrated photonic devices have a high potential for dual applications, making them more versatile components in photonic integrated circuits. In this study, we show that a plasmonic XOR gate structure, originally designed to perform logic operations, can also be used as a circular polarization detector. This multi-purpose capability stems from the phase-encoded input mechanism that controls the output response of the structure. We adapted this mechanism to select the output based on the polarization state of light. The design of this structure, utilizing the subwavelength field confinement of plasmonic waveguides, enables the integration of logic and detection functions into …

Computational Modeling Of Enhanced Nonlinear Optical Response In Plasmonic Waveguide Devices With Epsilon-Near-Zero Films, Kevin T. Le, Mark C. Harrison

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Silicon photonics faces fundamental limitations in nonlinear applications due to weak Kerr nonlinearity, substantial two-photon absorption, and coupling challenges with subwavelength structures. This work investigates epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials integrated into plasmonic waveguide architectures for enhanced nonlinear photonic devices. ENZ materials exhibit nonlinear refractive indices several orders of magnitude higher than conventional materials near their zero-permittivity wavelength, enabling giant optical effects over deeply sub-wavelength interaction lengths. We present finite element method simulations of plasmonic ENZ waveguides, investigating layer thickness optimization for nonlinear enhancement while minimizing optical losses. Initial modal analysis confirms superior field confinement in hybrid plasmonic-ENZ structures compared to conventional …

Cancerseg-Xa: Medical Histopathology Segmentation System Based On Xception Backbone And Attention Mechanisms, Alaa Youssef, Wessam H. El-Behaidy, Aliaa Youssif

Computer Science

Accurate segmentation of histopathological images is essential to support early diagnosis and effective treatment planning in cancer care. This study presents CancerSeg-XA, a deep learning-based histopathology segmentation system designed to deliver robust performance across diverse tissue types and imaging sources. Built upon the DeepLabV3+ framework, CancerSeg-XA incorporates architectural enhancements to strengthen feature representation and improve model stability. The system was evaluated on three widely recognized datasets—BCSS, PanNuke, and PUMA—each presenting distinct structural and clinical challenges. Across all datasets, CancerSeg-XA consistently outperformed the baseline DeepLabV3+ in terms of segmentation accuracy, recall, and F1-score. Specifically, it achieved accuracy improvements of 4.78%, 4.31%, …

Dynamic Soliton Solutions And Stability Analysis Of The (2+1)-Dimensional Wazwaz Kaur Boussinesq Equation Using An Efficient Method, Nivan Mohamed Elsonbaty, Hamdy Mohamed Ahmed, Niveen Mohamed Badra, Wafaa B. Rabie

Basic Science Engineering

This paper presents the first application of the Modified Extended Direct Algebraic (MEDA) method to the (2+1)-dimensional Wazwaz-Kaur-Boussinesq equation, a model governing wave dynamics in shallow waters. The approach successfully uncovers previously unreported classes of exact solutions, including combo dark–singular solitons and Jacobi elliptic function solutions. The spectrum of obtained solutions–which also encompasses bright, dark, and singular solitons, as well as hyperbolic, periodic, exponential, and rational functions–reveals rich and complex soliton dynamics. A comprehensive stability analysis confirms the robustness of these solutions under perturbation. These results significantly advance the understanding of wave propagation in nonlinear systems, providing valuable insights for …

Mycelium-Based Composites Using Minimally Processed Industrial Hemp Biomass: Impact Of Species And Feedstock Ratio On Mechanical Performance Compared To Polystyrene Packaging, Radika Bhaskar, Tanisha Rutledge, Kevin Trangone, Oneal Latimore

School of Design and Engineering Papers

Mycelium-based composites (MBCs\) are formed from lignocellulosic substrates and biopolymer matrices derived from fungal mycelium. Due to their low fossil energy demand and biodegradability, MBCs represent a versatile and sustainable material suitable for a range of applications, with increasing interest focused on packaging. Hemp fibers are an example of natural fibers with great promise as a substrate to improve the mechanical properties of MBCs. However, the separation of bast and hurd fiber requires processing and commercial-scale facilities that are logistically challenging and may be cost-prohibitive. Here, the potential for minimally processed hemp, with no separation of fibers, is evaluated for …

Automation And Habitat Development For A Space Based Marine Life Environment, Logan Trimmer, Alexander Hang

Harrisburg University Other Works

This project was a cross-collaboration between the Environmental Sciences and Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics programs for the company Monolith Space.

The goal of this project was to design an autonomous system to be able to track qualities of water in an aquaculture system designed to be sent to space.

The Role Of Artificial Intelligence In Reducing Internet Crimes Against Children, Malyssa Shaw

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

When generative artificial intelligence (AI) first surfaced and broke into the public sphere, my immediate concern was in its development, implementation, and harmful applications. I was not surprised when deepfake technology rapidly advanced alongside these new developments and impacted women and children worldwide. Disproportionately, they have been made victims of intimate media forgery as early as the 1990s, with an unprecedented uptick in recent years as a direct result of these developments. In response, I wrote "Deepfake, Real Harm: Protecting Children in the Age of AI", analyzing data specifically regarding child sexual abuse material (CSAM) created with artificial intelligence while …

User Interface And Watchstation Improvements Required For Multi-Vehicle Usv Operations, Val Schmidt, Joshua Bergeron

Faculty Publications

In October 2024, the University of New Hampshire and NOAA’s Uncrewed Systems Office embarked on a mapping mission in the Gulf of Maine, simultaneously operating two DriX Un-crewed Surface Vehicles. Goals of the project were focused on testing hypotheses related to concepts of operation, including the safety of operations, cognitive loading of operators, management of vehicle endurance, vehicle logistics, maintenance and field support, refueling and a host of others.

Design Considerations For Conversational Agents To Assess The Social-Emotional Well-Being Of Young Children In Low-Income South African Communities, Lucretia A. Williams, Elizabeth A. Ankrah, Catherine E. Draper, Caylee J. Cook, Franceli L. Cibrian, Jesus A. Beltran, Kimberley D. Lakes, Gillian R. Hayes

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

A variety of digital technologies have been used to support early childhood development (ECD) programs in low-income South African communities. Even though technology has provided opportunities to increase access to health interventions, the lack of trust and socio-economic constraints under which these tools would need to work pose complex challenges. We examine home visitors’ work processes, experiences, and preferences of a conversational agent to support their work of administering social-emotional well-being assessments to young children ages 0-5. Analysis of the results of focus groups with 51 home visitors indicates the need for designing conversational agents that support ECD in the …

Comparative Analysis Of Codes Of Ethical Conduct And Professionalism In Engineering And Project Management Associations, Valarie Denney, James W. Marion

Publications

This research details the similarities and differences in moral values and perspective from 15 engineering and project management association codes of conduct and professionalism. The methodology uses text mining of selected codes counting and summarizing keywords, evaluating document similarities through cosine similarity, and assessing the influence of various ethical schools of thought. Key findings reveal differences in the emphasis of core ethical values like fairness, honesty, and responsibility across different associations. This research is important for engineering and project management professionals to purposefully develop and evolve codes of ethics and professional development to enhance integrity, accountability, and ethical decision-making.

Assembly Of Non-Close-Packed Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Microgels On Metal Halide Perovskite Films, Amal Alruwaili, Osama M. Alkhudhari, Ran Wang, Zhenyu Jia, Jennifer M. Saunders, Eugenio Picheo, Daniel T.W. Toolan, L. Andrew Lyon, Brian R. Saunders

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Hypothesis

Experiments

Mission Engineering Competencies Workshop Report: Roles, Responsibilities, And Skills, James D. Moreland, Jr. (Editor), Thomas Irwin, Robert-Allen Baker

Center for Mission Engineering (CME) Publications

This report summarizes the findings of a two-day Old Dominion University Mission Engineering Workshop involving the U.S. Navy, U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Air Force, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the University of New South Wales, and Old Dominion University, focused on defining the roles, competencies, and skills essential to Mission Engineering. It presents a structured competency framework and offers recommendations to guide workforce development, training, and cross-agency collaboration in support of complex, mission-driven systems.

Automated Client Dashboard For Facts Student Information System, Kashish Syed

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

This project addresses the challenges of student data migration for K-12 educational institutions to the FACTS Student Information System (SIS). Historically, data migration from legacy platforms has been a manual and error-prone process. To streamline this workflow, an interactive client dashboard and automated validation system were developed as part of this capstone. The resulting solution is a scalable, intuitive tool that enhances data accuracy, reduces manual labor, and improves the user experience for both school administrators and FACTS staff. This report blends the technical implementation with reflections on project management, team collaboration, and lessons learned, offering a comprehensive view of …

Integration Of Notes Section With Access Management, Inshaad Merchant

2025 Spring Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

This research explores the development of a notes section with access management, specifically designed to assist Computer Science and Engineering students to revisit and revise all the notes and key points highlighted in their tutoring sessions. While the senior design project focuses on the CSE Student Success Center application that allows students to schedule tutoring sessions, manage appointments, and manage their profiles within this application, the Honors capstone project adds on a specific section for students to save all their notes and important video links and attachments to continue their learning outside of the tutoring sessions. A centralized platform for …

A Data Driven Approach To Student Success: Visualizing Engagement And Performance Metrics, Araohat Kokate

2025 Spring Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Many tutoring centers lack tools to analyze and visualize key performance metrics, limiting data driven decision making. This study develops a data visualization feature for the CSE Student Success Center App at the University of Texas at Arlington, enabling administrators to track student engagement, tutor performance and session trends. Using the data of students and tutors, the feature provides interactive dashboards for real-time insights. Administrators can monitor attendance patterns, tutor workloads and booking trends, optimizing resource allocation. Findings indicate that real-time data visualization enhances decision-making, reducing manual effort while improving operational efficiency. This can further help improve student support services. …

New Hydrographic Survey Specifications - Updates And Enhancements, Matt Wilson, Tyanne Faulkes, Giuseppe Masetti

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

End-To-End (E2e) Model-Based Systems Engineering (Mbse) Framework, Joshua Adelabu, Bhushan Lohar

Shelby Hall Graduate Research Forum Presentations

This presentation explores the latest advancements in systems engineering, with a particular focus on Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE). It covers key definitions, benefits, applications, and challenges associated with these methodologies, as well as analyzes current frameworks and research methodologies in the field.

Toward Quantifying Interpolation Uncertainty In Set-Line Spacing Hydrographic Surveys, Elias Adediran, Christos Kastrisios, Kim Lowell, Glen Rice, Qi Zhang

Faculty Publications

The oceans remain one of Earth’s last great unknowns, with about 74% still unmapped to modern standards. Consequently, interpolation is employed to create seamless digital bathymetric models (DBMs) from incomplete hydrographic datasets, but this introduces unquantified depth uncertainties. This study aims to estimate and characterize uncertainties arising from set-line spacing hydrographic surveys, which are important for nautical charting, navigational safety, and many other applications. By sampling at different line spacings four complete coverage testbeds that vary in slope and roughness, the study interpolates across entire testbed areas using Spline, Inverse Distance Weighting, and Linear interpolation. The resulting interpolation uncertainties are …

Biobased Acrylate Composites With Enhanced Strength For Additive Manufacturing, Nicole Wagner, Joseph Mcwherter

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

With the expanding use of polymers in additive manufacturing, sustainable resins for use in vat photopolymerization are required to reduce their environmental impact. One promising approach to achieve this is to incorporate biobased fillers that replace the acrylates in photopolymer resins as ‘green’ alternatives. In this study, photopolymer composites consisting of a methacrylate resin with varying calcium carbonate powder content between 0 and 50 wt.% were investigated. A digital light processing technique was used to fabricate tensile test specimens for mechanical testing. Good printability, dimensional accuracy, and good interlayer adhesion were observed for composite resin formulations that incorporated calcium carbonate …

Advances In Ocean Mapping And Nautical Cartography, Giuseppe Masetti, Ian Church, Anand Hiroji, Ove Andersen

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

The Special Issue of Geomatics on "Advances in Ocean Mapping and Nautical Cartography" addresses emerging methodologies, technologies, and applications in ocean mapping. This collection includes studies on the development of high-resolution seabed mapping techniques, innovative data processing for marine cartography, and advancements in hydrographic surveying. It highlights the importance of integrating geospatial data from sources such as remote sensing, autonomous underwater vehicles, and satellite-based observations. Additionally, articles discuss challenges and strategies for ensuring data accuracy and accessibility, reflecting a growing interest in sustainable marine resource management and navigation safety enhancements.

Green Project Finance For Infrastructure And Building Construction: Instruments And Benchmarks, Yunping Liang

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

It is counterintuitive that both the practice and research on green project finance for infrastructure and building construction are ascendant and still have limited precedents, considering that individually, the two parts (i.e., project finance and sustainability in the built environment) are both familiar to the communities. To narrow the gap and facilitate the financing of the built environment’s sustainable transformation, this study systematically reviews the common instruments for financing green infrastructure and building projects. Benchmarking questions distinguishing the profile of green project finance from common construction project finance are developed based on the literature review and then are used for …

Movian: Advancing Human Motion Analysis With 3d Visualization And Annotation, Trudi Di Qi, Isaac Browen, David Zhang, Hector M. Camarillo-Abad, Franceli L. Cibrian

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Human motion analysis, including data visualization and annotation, is crucial for understanding human behavior and intentions during various activities, aiding in the development of innovative tools that support independent living. Current wearable sensing technology provides rich 3D spatial movement data but generates multimodal complex datasets that require specialized skills for effective analysis. Despite the need, limited research exists on tools for effective visualization and easy annotation of such complex motion data. MoViAn (Motion Data Visualization and Annotation) is an innovative 3D data analysis system offering enriched visual representations of 3D human motion data (e.g., gaze, hand movements), along with an …

Winter Solstice Phenomenon At Newgrange: Research Report 2024, Frank Prendergast

Articles

This report, commissioned by the National Monuments Service presents a comprehensive analysis of the high-resolution photographic and video recordings of the solar illumination inside the burial chamber at Newgrange passage tomb, located within the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Brú na Bóinne – Archaeological Ensemble of the Bend of the Boyne.

Association Between In Situ Ventilation And Human-Generated Aerosol Exposure In Meatpacking Plants During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Joshua L. Santarpia, Josephine Lau, Debayan Shom, Shanna A. Ratnesar-Shumate, Eric C. Carnes, Gearge W. Santarpia, Vicki L. Herrera, Danielle N. Rivera, Daniel N. Ackerman, Ashley R. Ravnholdt, John J. Lowe, Athena K. Ramos

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

During the COVID-19 pandemic, meatpacking workers were disproportionately affected by disease. Large outbreaks at meatpacking facilities resulted in loss of life and threatened the well-being of workers across the globe. Much work was done throughout the pandemic to understand and prevent these outbreaks. This study combined ventilation system evaluation and measurement of human-generated respiratory aerosol to investigate and identify areas of highest risk for disease transmission. These findings confirm that improved ventilation reduces exposure to human-generated aerosols in meatpacking facilities, including those that may contain infectious agents, such as SARS-CoV-2. This study suggests areas of greatest risk are likely areas …