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Articles 31 - 60 of 84
Full-Text Articles in Operational Research
The Effectiveness Of Using Diversity For Selecting Multiple Classifier Systems, Harris K. Butler
The Effectiveness Of Using Diversity For Selecting Multiple Classifier Systems, Harris K. Butler
Theses and Dissertations
A wealth of approaches exists to perform classification of items of interest. The goal of fusion techniques is to exploit complementary approaches and merge the information provided by these methods to provide a solution superior than any single method. Associated with choosing a fusion algorithm is the choice of algorithm or algorithms that will be fused. This decision is most often referred to as ensemble selection. Historically classifier ensemble accuracy has been used to accomplish this task. More recently research has focused on creating and evaluating diversity metrics to more effectively select ensemble members. This research focuses on the use …
A Decision Analysis Perspective On Multiple Response Robust Optimization, Jonathan S. Findley
A Decision Analysis Perspective On Multiple Response Robust Optimization, Jonathan S. Findley
Theses and Dissertations
Decisions in which multiple objectives must be optimized simultaneously occur frequently in government, military, and industrial settings. One method a decision maker may use to assist in such decisions is the application of a desirability function. An informed specification of the desirability function's parameters is essential to accurately describe the decision maker's value trade-offs and risk preference. This thesis uses utility transversality to analyze the implicit trade-off and risk attitude assumptions attendant to the desirability function. The desirability function does not explicitly account for response variability. A robust solution takes not only the expected response into account, but also its …
Surveillance Versus Reconnaissance: An Entropy Based Model, Tamilyn S. Dismukes
Surveillance Versus Reconnaissance: An Entropy Based Model, Tamilyn S. Dismukes
Theses and Dissertations
With the advancing capabilities of Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) assets and sensors, effective utilization of these resources continues to pose a challenge to military decision makers. The methodology developed explores allocation of ISR assets while balancing detection of new targets versus surveillance of already detected targets using entropy as a Measure of Effectiveness (MOE). Scenarios with an unknown number of static and moving targets in a bounded geographical region are considered. A baseline model was built to examine four different search algorithms: random, raster, greedy, and a rollout algorithm based on dynamic programming. A space-filling Nearly Orthogonal Latin Hypercube …
Using Hybrid Simulation/Analytical Queueing Networks To Capacitate Usaf Air Mobility Command Passenger Terminals, Meredithe A. Jessup Ii
Using Hybrid Simulation/Analytical Queueing Networks To Capacitate Usaf Air Mobility Command Passenger Terminals, Meredithe A. Jessup Ii
Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study is to model operations at an airport passenger terminal to determine the optimal service capacities at each station given estimated passenger flow patterns and service rates. The central formulation is an open Jackson queueing network that can be applied to any USAF Air Mobility Command (AMC) terminal regardless of passenger type mix and flow data. A complete methodology for analyzing passenger flows and queue performance of a single flight is produced and then embedded in a framework to analyze the same for multiple departing flights. Queueing network analysis (QNA) is used because no special software …
Modeling Small Unmanned Aerial System Mishaps Using Logistics Regression And Artificial Neural Networks, Sean E. Wolf
Modeling Small Unmanned Aerial System Mishaps Using Logistics Regression And Artificial Neural Networks, Sean E. Wolf
Theses and Dissertations
A dataset of 854 small unmanned aerial system (SUAS) flight experiments from 2005-2009 is analyzed to determine significant factors that contribute to mishaps. The data from 29 airframes of different designs and technology readiness levels were aggregated. 20 measured parameters from each flight experiment are investigated, including wind speed, pilot experience, number of prior flights, pilot currency, etc. Outcomes of failures (loss of flight data) and damage (injury to airframe) are classified by logistic regression modeling and artificial neural network analysis. From the analysis, it can be concluded that SUAS damage is a random event that cannot be predicted with …
A Study Of Queuing Theory In Low To High Rework Environments With Process Availability, Adam J. Brown
A Study Of Queuing Theory In Low To High Rework Environments With Process Availability, Adam J. Brown
Theses and Dissertations--Manufacturing Systems Engineering
In manufacturing systems subject to machine and operator resource constraints the effects of rework can be profound. High levels of rework burden the resources unnecessarily and as the utilization of these resources increases the expected queuing time of work in process increases exponentially. Queuing models can help managers to understand and control the effects of rework, but often this tool is overlooked in part because of concerns over accuracy in complex environments and/or the need for limiting assumptions. One aim of this work is to increase understanding of system variables on the accuracy of simple queuing models. A queuing model …
Impact Of Rotated Aisles On Travel Distance In Manufacturing Facilities, Dale Masel, Samantha Hedges
Impact Of Rotated Aisles On Travel Distance In Manufacturing Facilities, Dale Masel, Samantha Hedges
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
To design a facility, expected flows between the resources is one of the most important input. Flows are usually calculated given some statistics of previous periods or from the expected demand and the process required. However, in a refurbishing and recycling facility, flows are very fluctuating and not trivial to predict. The quantity produced by such facility not only depends on the demand but also on the supplies which are returned products under guaranty or discarded products after their end-of-use. The uncertainty and the variability on these supplies are often higher than the one on the demand which makes it …
Simulation-Based Performance Improvement Of A Defense Logistics Warehouse, Banu Y. Ekren, Gerald W. Evans, Sunderesh S. Heragu, John S. Usher
Simulation-Based Performance Improvement Of A Defense Logistics Warehouse, Banu Y. Ekren, Gerald W. Evans, Sunderesh S. Heragu, John S. Usher
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
Warehouses play a critical role in supply chains. They serve as a vital link between manufacturers and customers. In this study, we investigate performance of the largest warehouse (Eastern Distribution Center - EDC) of the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) located in New Cumberland, PA and propose a near optimum design for the receiving area of the warehouse to improve its performance. First, we develop a simulation model of the system. Second, we interface an optimization model with the simulation in order to optimize the number of people working at the induction stations. In the optimization model, our goal is to …
Optimal Design Of Container Terminal Layout, Debjit Roy, Ren´E De Koster
Optimal Design Of Container Terminal Layout, Debjit Roy, Ren´E De Koster
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
Due to rapid growth in foreign trade using sea vessels, there is a growing focus in improving the infrastructure and operational efficiencies at the container terminals. Particularly, the operational responsiveness of loading and unloading of containers, affects the vessel idle times and profitability of the shipping liners. In this research, we deter- mine optimal stack layout design, which minimizes the container unload times using Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs). To analyze alternate stack layout designs, we develop integrated queuing network models that capture the stochastic interactions among the container terminal processes (quayside, vehicle transport, and stack side), and provides realistic estimates …
Cycle Time Models For Aisle Changing As/Rs Considering Acceleration/Deceleration, Jörg Oser
Cycle Time Models For Aisle Changing As/Rs Considering Acceleration/Deceleration, Jörg Oser
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
In multi-aisle AS/RS systems one or more S/R machines serve several aisles with storage racks on both sides of the aisle. An important feature of multi-aisle configurations are aisle changing devices with transfer cars, curve guided aisle switching mechanisms or closed loop rail tracks with curved sections for a two-aisle layout. These systems offer an economic solution, when the number of storage and retrieval transactions is low and storage volume is high. One or several S/R machines each serving a specified number of aisles can be arranged in various layouts to meet the required storage capacity and throughput.
The Order Picking Problem In Fishbone Aisle Warehouses, Melih Celik, Haldun Sural
The Order Picking Problem In Fishbone Aisle Warehouses, Melih Celik, Haldun Sural
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
A recent trend in the layout design of unit load warehouses is the application of layouts without conventional parallel pick aisles and straight middle aisles. Two examples for such designs are flying- V and fish bone designs for single and dual command operations. In this study, we consider the same layout types under the case of multiple-item pick lists and show that, for both layout types, the routing problem can be solved in polynomial time. We also propose simple heuristics for this problem inspired by those put forward for parallel-aisle warehouses. Our computational results reveal that under certain cases, fish …
How To Choose An Order-Picking System, Marita Ellinger, Tim Geißen, Detlef Spee
How To Choose An Order-Picking System, Marita Ellinger, Tim Geißen, Detlef Spee
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
Order-Picking-Systems are the parts of material flow systems, which have the largest variance of deployment alternatives. Since a long time there have been many attempts to systematize the way of identification of the order-picking- ystem that the “correct” solution can be found. The previous methods could not be enforced universally. Thus nearly all the material handling system suppliers have their own approach to find the right system, as it turned out at a market analysis of Fraunhofer IML. With the presented concept of finding a solution, a structured, fast method for system identification shall be presented. A stepwise approach to …
Evaluation Of Environmental Benefits Of Che Emerging Technologies By Using Lca, Nenad Zrnić, Andrija Vujičić
Evaluation Of Environmental Benefits Of Che Emerging Technologies By Using Lca, Nenad Zrnić, Andrija Vujičić
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
In the era of climate change combat transport industry is recognized as a sector with one of the largest environmental footprints. A part of transport industry is container shipping and handling division, which is currently growing with the fastest rate. This massive growth of container sector is due to containers pouring from Asia, mainly from China. Thus, container port operations are also experiencing significant increase in port emissions. This fact puts port authorities in position to find a way to reduce environmental impact of port operations and at the same time withhold increase in number containers being handled. In response …
Robust Design Of Public Storage Warehouses, Yeming Yale Gong, Rene De Koster
Robust Design Of Public Storage Warehouses, Yeming Yale Gong, Rene De Koster
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
We apply robust optimization and revenue management in public storage warehouses. We optimize the expected revenue of public storage warehouses against the worst cases with a max-min revenue objective, and the decision variables are mainly the number of storage units for each storage type. With the robust design, we can observe worst-case revenue improvement.
Refurburshing And Recycling Facilities Design Methodology, Suzanne Marcotte, Benoit Montreuil
Refurburshing And Recycling Facilities Design Methodology, Suzanne Marcotte, Benoit Montreuil
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
To design a facility, expected flows between the resources is one of the most important input. Flows are usually calculated given some statistics of previous periods or from the expected demand and the process required. However, in a refurbishing and recycling facility, flows are very fluctuating and not trivial to predict. The quantity produced by such facility not only depends on the demand but also on the supplies which are returned products under guaranty or discarded products after their end-of-use. The uncertainty and the variability on these supplies are often higher than the one on the demand which makes it …
Functional Design Of Physical Internet Facilities: A Road-Rail Hub, Eric Ballot, Benoit Montreuil, Collin Thivierge
Functional Design Of Physical Internet Facilities: A Road-Rail Hub, Eric Ballot, Benoit Montreuil, Collin Thivierge
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
As part of the 2010 IMHRC, Montreuil, Meller and Ballot enumerated the type of facilities that would be necessary to operate a Physical Internet (PI, π), which they termed, “π-nodes.” This paper is part of a three-paper series for the 2012 IMHRC where the authors provide functional designs of three PI facilities. This paper covers a PI road-rail hub. The purpose of a PI road-rail node is to enable the transfer of PI containers from their inbound to outbound destinations. Therefore, a road-rail π-hub provides a mechanism to transfer π-containers from a train to another one or a truck or …
Safe Control Of Manufacturing Vehicles Research Towards Standard Test Methods, Roger Bostelman, Will Shackleford, Geraldine Cheok, Kamel Saidi
Safe Control Of Manufacturing Vehicles Research Towards Standard Test Methods, Roger Bostelman, Will Shackleford, Geraldine Cheok, Kamel Saidi
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
The National Institute of Standards and Technology‟s Intelligent Systems Division has been researching several areas leading to safe control of manufacturing vehicles to improve automated guided vehicle (AGV) safety standards. The research areas include: AGV safety and control based on advanced two-dimensional (2D) sensors that detect moving standard test pieces representing humans; Ability of advanced 3D imaging sensors, when mounted to an AGV or forklift, to detect stationary or moving objects and test pieces on the ground or hanging over the work area; and Manned forklift safety based on advanced 3D imaging sensors that detect visible and …
Humanitarian Logistics – The First Week, Selina Begum, Bill Ferrell
Humanitarian Logistics – The First Week, Selina Begum, Bill Ferrell
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
Decisions made on material flow during the first week of a natural disaster are critical for victims. Currently, decision makers appears to be making important choices based on experience and intuition with little or no support from quantitative approaches because they do not exist. This research proposes a paradigm and offers two supporting models that will assist decision makers regarding the routing of materials during the first week of a disaster. It explicitly includes information regarding the victims’ needs and the degree to which routes are available in a quantitative way that allows updating as information improves. The paradigm involves …
A High-Density, Puzzle-Based Order Picking System, Kevin R. Gue, Onur Uludag
A High-Density, Puzzle-Based Order Picking System, Kevin R. Gue, Onur Uludag
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
We present a new semi-automated system for carton and piece picking operations in the distribution centers. The system features decentralized control based on a message-passing protocol in which cells communicate with their neighbors to determine action in each step. The result is a dynamically changing pick face that provides high sku density and reduced worker travel. We describe an example in which pickers are 20% to 50% more productive than they would be in an equivalent ow rack system.
Using Buffers And Work-Sharing For Minimizing Makespan Of Small Batches In Assembly Lines Under Learning Effects, Yossi Bukchin, Efrat Wexler
Using Buffers And Work-Sharing For Minimizing Makespan Of Small Batches In Assembly Lines Under Learning Effects, Yossi Bukchin, Efrat Wexler
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
The effect of workers’ learning curve on production rate in manual assembly lines is significant when producing relatively small batches of different products. This research analyzes this effect and suggests applying work-sharing among the workers in such an environment to improve the time to complete the batch, namely, the makespan. Work-sharing refers to a situation where adjacent workers help each other in order to reduce idle times caused by blockage and starvation. The effect of work-sharing and existence of buffers on the makespan is examined and compared to a baseline situation, with no work-sharing and buffers. We present mixedinteger linear-programing …
Knowledge-Based Methods For Efficient Material Handling Equipment Development, Dirk Jodin, Christian Landschützer
Knowledge-Based Methods For Efficient Material Handling Equipment Development, Dirk Jodin, Christian Landschützer
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
This paper focuses on the Knowledge-based engineering (KBE) method and general Knowledge-based technologies for automated design of material handling products. As in vehicle and aerospace engineering this is a widespread technology, the authors try to introduce the main benefits of KBE for the material handling equipment design. The benefits of KBE, as faster and more accurate (safer) product development, customized products and knowledge of employees captured within a knowledge management system, let KBE hold many promising possibilities within, to deal with nowadays demands on engineering development, driven by cost reductions and time shortcuttings. The authors introduce the actual stage of …
Understanding And Modeling Sustainability Issues In Facility Logistics, Brett A. Peters, Astrid Garcia Ramos
Understanding And Modeling Sustainability Issues In Facility Logistics, Brett A. Peters, Astrid Garcia Ramos
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
Environmental issues have been the focus of much discussion and debate. In light of environmental concerns, many companies have focused on creating sustainable products and systems. While there is still much disagreement about what is “sustainable,” there is a lot of on-going activity cover a wide range of areas and topics. However, relatively speaking, there is much less attention and activity within a facility logistics context. In this paper, sustainability issues related to facility logistics are explored. An overview of existing related research across a range of areas is provided. Major issues of concern for facility logistics will be discussed …
Column Generation For The Container Relocation Problem, Elisabeth Zehendner, Dominique Feillet
Column Generation For The Container Relocation Problem, Elisabeth Zehendner, Dominique Feillet
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
Container terminals offer transfer facilities to move containers from vessels to trucks, trains and barges and vice versa. Within the terminal the container yard serves as a temporary buffer where incoming containers are piled up in stacks. Only the topmost container of each stack can be accessed. If another container has to be retrieved, containers stored above it must be relocated first. Containers need to be transported to a ship or to trucks in a predefined sequence as fast as possible. Generally, this sequence does not match the stacking order within the yard. Therefore, a sequence of retrieval and relocation …
Functional Design Of Physical Internet Facilities: A Road-Based Transit Center, Russell D. Meller, Benoit Montreuil, Collin Thivierge, Zachary Montreuil
Functional Design Of Physical Internet Facilities: A Road-Based Transit Center, Russell D. Meller, Benoit Montreuil, Collin Thivierge, Zachary Montreuil
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
In their 2010 IMHRC paper, Montreuil, Meller and Ballot proposed a set of facility types that would be necessary to operate a Physical Internet, which they termed “π-nodes.” This paper is part of a three-paper series for the 2012 IMHRC where the authors provide functional designs of three PI facilities. This paper covers a road-based transit center, or road-based π- transit. The mission of a π-transit node is to enable the transfer of π - carriers from their inbound to outbound destinations. Therefore, a road based π-transit provides a mechanism to transfer π-trailers from one truck to another. The objective …
An Object Oriented And Axiomatic Theory Of Warehouse Design, Leon F. Mcginnis
An Object Oriented And Axiomatic Theory Of Warehouse Design, Leon F. Mcginnis
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
Despite the conceptual simplicity of warehousing, the development of integrated computational tools for warehouse design has remained an elusive goal. In recent years, there has been some progress toward this goal, with a growing body of research addressing topics as diverse as the design process itself, decision support for specific design decisions, warehouse representation, integrating warehouse representation and analysis, and conceptual approaches for developing integrated warehouse design tool chains. Until now, however, there has not been a suitable warehouse design theory that would provide an integrating framework for all these disparate efforts. This paper presents an object-oriented and axiomatic warehouse …
A Comparison Of Priority Rules For Non-Passing Automated Stacking Cranes, Hector J. Carlo, Azaria Del Valle-Serrano, Fernando L. Martinez-Acevado, Yaritza M. Santiago-Correa, Iris F.A. Vis
A Comparison Of Priority Rules For Non-Passing Automated Stacking Cranes, Hector J. Carlo, Azaria Del Valle-Serrano, Fernando L. Martinez-Acevado, Yaritza M. Santiago-Correa, Iris F.A. Vis
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
A recent trend in container ports is to operate dual non-passing Automated Storage Cranes (ASCs) that collaborate to serve storage and retrieval requests from opposite ends of a storage block. Since the ASCs are unable to pass each other, there is an exchange zone that serves as a temporary storage location so that one crane can start a request and leave it to the other crane to complete it. In this study, twelve priority rules are introduced and evaluated to determine which rule minimizes the total makespan for serving all requests, given the sequence in which each ASC will serve …
Analysis Of Material Handling Systems Based On Discrete Time Design Modules, Furmans Kai, Ozden Eda, Stoll Judith, Epp Martin, Schmidt Thorsten, Meinhardt Ingolf, Schulze Frank
Analysis Of Material Handling Systems Based On Discrete Time Design Modules, Furmans Kai, Ozden Eda, Stoll Judith, Epp Martin, Schmidt Thorsten, Meinhardt Ingolf, Schulze Frank
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
In this paper, we present a method for the performance evaluation of material handling systems in an early planning stage. We are mapping typical material handling elements onto stochastic analytical models. Our intention is to build a toolbox of material handling modules that allows a fast analysis of typical continuous conveying systems. The tool should enable the identification of bottlenecks and the computation of lead time distributions for intra-logistic systems.
Estimating Travel Distances And Optimizing Product Placement For Dedicated Warehouses With Manual Picking, Uday Venkatadri, Sachin Kubasad
Estimating Travel Distances And Optimizing Product Placement For Dedicated Warehouses With Manual Picking, Uday Venkatadri, Sachin Kubasad
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
This paper looks at the problem of estimating travel distances for rectangular warehouse sections with manual picking. This study was motivated by a real-life case in the food and beverage industry where case picking occurred in a rectangular section of the warehouse In particular, we are interested in estimating the distance travelled by an order picker whose picking route begins and ends at a single depot. One of the assumptions in many distance approximation papers is that any location is equally likely to be picked. However, this assumption is unrealistic in the case of dedicated warehouse layout, where products are …
Hybrid Heuristics For Infinite Period Inventory Routing Problem, Ronald Askin, Mingjun Xia
Hybrid Heuristics For Infinite Period Inventory Routing Problem, Ronald Askin, Mingjun Xia
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
In this paper, we address a one-to-many distribution network inventory routing problem over an infinite planning horizon. Each retailer has an independent, random demand, and the distribution center uses capacitated vehicles for routing delivery. The demand at each retailer is relatively small compared to the vehicle capacity. A novel mathematical model is given to simultaneously decide the optimal routing tours to retailers and routing frequencies of each route. Several heuristics are developed to solve large scale instances of the problem.
Open Location Management In Automated Warehousing Systems, Yugang Yu, René De Koster
Open Location Management In Automated Warehousing Systems, Yugang Yu, René De Koster
12th IMHRC Proceedings (Gardanne, France – 2012)
A warehouse needs to have sufficient open locations to be able to deal with the change of item inventory levels, but due to ongoing storage and retrieval processes, open locations usually spread over storage areas. Unfavorable positions of open locations negatively impact the average load retrieval times. This paper presents a new method to manage these open locations such that the average system travel time for processing a block of storage and retrieval jobs in an automated warehousing system is minimized. We introduce the effective storage area (ESA), a well-defined part of the locations closest to the depot; where only …