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Articles 931 - 960 of 1284
Full-Text Articles in Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering
Robust Multi-Scenario Optimization Of An Air Expeditionary Force Force Structure Applying Genetic Algorithms To The Combat Forces Assessment Model, Barry D. Bennett Jr.
Robust Multi-Scenario Optimization Of An Air Expeditionary Force Force Structure Applying Genetic Algorithms To The Combat Forces Assessment Model, Barry D. Bennett Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
The United States Air Force is increasingly facing more diverse threat situations while existing force structure levels are being reduced and proposed compositions are being severely scrutinized for relevance, affordability, and effectiveness. Military planners are struggling with the question of how to generate a single force structure that can adequately respond to a multitude of threat scenarios in an uncertain future while at the same time being tasked to prove just how effective their choice will be. In the past, modeling has been effective in showing how a force can respond to a single threat scenario but a new modeling …
Feature Selection For Predicting Pilot Mental Workload, Julia A. East
Feature Selection For Predicting Pilot Mental Workload, Julia A. East
Theses and Dissertations
Advances in technology have the cockpits of the aircraft in the Air Force inventory increasingly complex. Consequently, mental demands on the pilot have risen. In some cases, mental demands were so overwhelming that pilots have forgotten basic flying techniques, such as G-straining maneuvers. The results have been fatal. Recent research in this area has involved collecting psychophysiological features, such as electroencephalography (EEG), heart, eye and respiration measures, in an attempt to identify pilot mental workload. This thesis focuses on feature selection and reduction of the psycophysiological features and subsequent classification of pilot mental workload on multiple subjects over multiple days. …
An Incentive Model For International Telecommunications, Jeffrey R. Del Vecchio
An Incentive Model For International Telecommunications, Jeffrey R. Del Vecchio
Theses and Dissertations
This study developed a new defensive model for global voice communications. It uses a n-person, zero-sum, cooperative and non-cooperative game to optimize the coalitions revenue after the possibility of a network service provider being tampered by an adversary. This research optimized two measures of effectiveness (coalition revenue and network provider revenue) of international telecommunications coalitions by hardening network service providers and improving their respective revenue with incentives. A multi-criteria optimization problem was developed to establish the strategic competition between the coalition defender and attacker. Irrespective of the amount of incentives, a applicable hardening and tampering strategy can be obtained. All …
Multi-Objective Evaluation Of Target Sets In A Logistics Network, Paul D. Emslie
Multi-Objective Evaluation Of Target Sets In A Logistics Network, Paul D. Emslie
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis addresses the selection of target sets to disrupt an adversary's logistics network in a wartime environment. In the presence of many objectives--such as reducing maximum flow, lengthening routes, avoiding collateral damage, all at minimal risk to our pilots--the problem of determining the best target set is complex. Previous efforts have not adequately considered the value of the remaining network functionality after target destruction. In addition, current network targeting procedures optimize target sets with respect to only a single metric. This thesis uses a multi-objective decision analysis framework capturing actual targeting decision-maker values and preferences to evaluate and analyze …
Using Simulation To Model An Army Recruiting Station With Seasonality Effects, David C. Longhorn
Using Simulation To Model An Army Recruiting Station With Seasonality Effects, David C. Longhorn
Theses and Dissertations
One of the toughest jobs in the Army is that of the recruiter. Recruiters are tasked with the awesome job of convincing young men and women to lay down their lives and freedoms for their country, and oftentimes for less money than can be earned in the safer environment of America's booming economy. Recruiters face enormous pressure from commanders to meet the mandated Army manning levels set each year by Congress. As the Army begins the 21st century, it is faced with having to support an increasing number of deployments with fewer soldiers. Soldiers face long and difficult days with …
Simulation Evaluation Of The Combat Value Of A Standoff Precision Airdrop Capability, Michael W. Varner
Simulation Evaluation Of The Combat Value Of A Standoff Precision Airdrop Capability, Michael W. Varner
Theses and Dissertations
This project is a simulation evaluation of the developmental standoff precision airdrop (SOPAD) capability. SOPAD is a new technology under consideration to deliver supplies to forward-deployed units using either a semi-rigid wing or a guided parafoil. These delivery systems allow airdrop of supplies from altitudes of 25,000 feet and distances 25 miles from the delivery point. Using global positioning system guidance, on board navigational computers, and automatic steering mechanisms, the delivery system flies to the target following a designated flight plan. The concept includes delivering supplies to remote and potentially hostile areas without endangering the supply aircraft. In addition, supplies …
Hierarchical Interactive Theater Model (Hitm): An Investigation Into The Relationship Between Strategic Effects And Ooda Loops, Richard K. Bullock
Hierarchical Interactive Theater Model (Hitm): An Investigation Into The Relationship Between Strategic Effects And Ooda Loops, Richard K. Bullock
Theses and Dissertations
Airpower's strength lies in being able to quickly strike the enemy directly where they are vulnerable while being unhampered by geography and surface forces. Airpower theory suggests the effects of these strikes propagate throughout an opponent1s military system yielding catastrophic output or strategic effects. Despite this theory being a cornerstone of US Air Force doctrine, current Air Force models do not seem to capture airpower's inherent strength. Since these models are used to support budgetary decision making, the United States may not be funding the airpower capability it needs.
The Distributor’S Three-Dimensional Pallet-Packing Problem: A Mathematical Formulation And Heuristic Solution Approach, Brian P. Ballew
The Distributor’S Three-Dimensional Pallet-Packing Problem: A Mathematical Formulation And Heuristic Solution Approach, Brian P. Ballew
Theses and Dissertations
It is through practice and experience Air Force loadmasters are able to pack the Air Force standard HCU-6/E (463L) pallets efficiently. Although the loadmasters perform their jobs exceptionally well, the Air Force is in search of a model that will more efficiently pack the pallets. We have developed a mathematical formulation of the three-dimensional pallet-packing problem which minimizes the amount of unused space on a pallet. The formulation ensures each box is packed with the correct volume and dimensions, and ensures the volume of all the boxes packed is less than the available pallet volume. Additionally, the formulation ensures that …
A Decision Support Tool To Aid Campaign Planners In Selecting Combat Aircraft For Theater Crisis, Christopher D. Buzo
A Decision Support Tool To Aid Campaign Planners In Selecting Combat Aircraft For Theater Crisis, Christopher D. Buzo
Theses and Dissertations
One way of comparing alternative deployment plans is to examine how combat aircraft tasked within a deployment plan meet the combat commander's requirements. Both the absolute capabilities and the campaign-specific issues affecting the operational capabilities of those aircraft could assess a set of combat aircraft, unique to a deployment plan. This research-develops a non-absolute, campaign-specific decision Support tool to assess the effect of campaign-specific issues on a set of deployable Air Force combat aircraft. This research is conducted in three phases. Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) and Multi-Attribute Preference Theory (MAPT) methodologies are applied to in-person and telephone interviews with subject …
A Tabu Search Metaheuristic For The Air Refueling Tanker Assignment Problem, Shay R. Capehart
A Tabu Search Metaheuristic For The Air Refueling Tanker Assignment Problem, Shay R. Capehart
Theses and Dissertations
In a joint effort between Air Mobility Command (AMC) and the Air Force Institute of Technology, we present a Tanker Assignment Problem (TAP) Tool capable of providing tanker mission plans for deployment scenarios. Due to the complex nature of extracting a mission plan from the Combined Mating and Ranging Planning System (CMARPS), AMC requires a tool to provide similar results in a simpler and less time consuming manner. The tool developed allows AMC to input several receiver groups consisting of various aircraft types and numbers. Each receiver group contains a point of origin and destination, with the option of providing …
A Group Theoretic Tabu Search Approach To The Traveling Salesman Problem, Shane N. Hall
A Group Theoretic Tabu Search Approach To The Traveling Salesman Problem, Shane N. Hall
Theses and Dissertations
The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is a combinatorial optimization problem that is mathematically modeled as a binary integer program. The TSP is a very important problem for the operations research academician and practitioner. This research demonstrates a Group Theoretic Tabu Search (GTTS) Java algorithm for the TSP. The tabu search metaheuristic continuously finds near-optimal solutions to the TSP under various different implementations. Algebraic group theory offers a more formal mathematical setting to study the TSP providing a theoretical foundation for describing tabu search. Specifically, this thesis uses the Symmetric Group on n letters, S(n), which is the set of all …
Modelling Information Assurance: A Value Focused Thinking Approach, Jonathan Todd Hamill
Modelling Information Assurance: A Value Focused Thinking Approach, Jonathan Todd Hamill
Theses and Dissertations
The information revolution has brought forth new and improved capabilities to rapidly disseminate and employ information in decision-making. These capabilities are critical to the civilian and military infrastructures of the United States, and act as force enhancers and enablers for the Armed Forces. These capabilities, however, often rely upon systems interconnected throughout the world, resulting in potentially increased vulnerability to attack. To add to this problem, elusive, threatening forces (national and transnational) originating from anywhere on the globe are likely to offer opponents less reliant on information technology an asymmetric advantage over information-reliant nations like the United States. To date, …
A Java Universal Vehicle Router In Support Of Routing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Robert W. Harder
A Java Universal Vehicle Router In Support Of Routing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Robert W. Harder
Theses and Dissertations
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) help the military gather information in times of peace and war. During a mission, typically 100 sites or more, a UAV will frequently be re-tasked to visit a pop-up threat, leaving the operator to determine the best way to finish the day's list of sites after the re-tasking. I develop a prototype application to serve the needs of a specific customer, the 11th Reconnaissance Squadron, by helping them preplan missions and dynamically re-task UAVs. This prototype application is built on a reusable airframe router called the core AFIT Router, which can later be added to more …
A Hybrid Jump Search And Tabu Search Metaheuristic For The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Uav) Routing Problem, Gary W. Kinney Jr.
A Hybrid Jump Search And Tabu Search Metaheuristic For The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Uav) Routing Problem, Gary W. Kinney Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
In this research, we provide a new meta-heuristic, a jump search I tabu search hybrid, for addressing the vehicle routing problem with real-life constraints. A tour construction heuristic creates candidate solutions or jump points for the problem. A tabu search algorithm uses these jump points as starting points for a guided local search. We provide statistical analysis on the performance of our algorithm and compare it to other published algorithms. Our algorithm provides solutions within 10% of the best known solutions to benchmark problems and does so in a fraction of the time required by competing algorithms. The timeliness of …
Leontief Metamodeling For Military Strategic Effects, Anthony W. Snodgrass
Leontief Metamodeling For Military Strategic Effects, Anthony W. Snodgrass
Theses and Dissertations
In this research, we propose and demonstrate an approach to incorporate currently un-modeled interactions into an existing or a new combat model or simulation. We apply the Leontief Input-Output model, which is a macro-economic model that measures the interactions between major industrial sectors of an economy, as a metamodel that periodically assesses the status of various combat units and support functions. If needed resources are insufficient, appropriate degrades are input into the combat model. As a result, dependencies that are not in the combat model are incorporated. Hence, we can assess the strategic or cascading effects of destroying a set …
A Greedy Multiple-Knapsack Heuristic For Solving Air Mobility Command’S Intratheater Airlift Problem, Nicholas J. Zeisler
A Greedy Multiple-Knapsack Heuristic For Solving Air Mobility Command’S Intratheater Airlift Problem, Nicholas J. Zeisler
Theses and Dissertations
This research develops a methodology using a greedy heuristic to solve Air Mobility Command's intratheater airlift scenario as a multiple knapsack problem. The objective is to maximize throughput in a theater given a vehicle mixture and assignment scheme. The model allows for a heterogeneous, user defined vehicle mix in a theater consisting of up to five bed down locations and up to seven forward operating locations. First, we preprocess routes, eliminating the large number of unattractive route choices in the problem. Then using a greedy heuristic, we select routes and assign them to aircraft located at any or all of …
Power, Performance, And Perception (P3): Integrating Usability Metrics And Technology Acceptance Determinants To Validate A New Model For Predicting System Usage, Alan P. Fiorello
Power, Performance, And Perception (P3): Integrating Usability Metrics And Technology Acceptance Determinants To Validate A New Model For Predicting System Usage, Alan P. Fiorello
Theses and Dissertations
Currently, there are two distinct approaches to assist information technology managers in the successful implementation of office automation software. The first approach resides within the field of usability engineering, while the second approach is derived from the discipline of management information systems (MIS). However, neither approach has successfully produced conclusive evidence that explains what characteristics facilitate system use as well as influence user acceptance of the system. This study reports on the validity of a new model, entitled the Power, Performance, Perception (P3) model, that links the constructs of usability engineering to user acceptance. Additionally, speech recognition software (SRS) was …
Defining Virtual Interactions: A Taxonomy For Researchers And Practitioners, Glade G. Oxborrow
Defining Virtual Interactions: A Taxonomy For Researchers And Practitioners, Glade G. Oxborrow
Theses and Dissertations
Many uses for virtual technology are being identified by diverse organizational entities around the world. Before these technologies can be fully utilized, it is important to have a common definition and understanding of what is meant by the term virtual. It is also important to understand the structural configurations possible using virtual technology and the types of virtual interactions that may occur using these technologies. This thesis will define the basic premises, structures, and definitions applicable to vial interactions. It also defines various types of virtual interactions that may occur using virtual technology. These designations will help both practitioners and …
Professional Contracting Certification: An Examination And Model Development, Robert D. Lorton, Daniel I. Dunn
Professional Contracting Certification: An Examination And Model Development, Robert D. Lorton, Daniel I. Dunn
Theses and Dissertations
This study compared the elements of existing contracting certification programs to an ideal contracting certification model developed by experts. The expert panel responded to an open-ended electronic interview to convey their ideas regarding the individual elements for the model. Input received from the initial interviews was used to develop a survey for the panel members. The surveys were completed and results were recorded and conveyed back to the panel members. This process was repeated until a majority was reached on each individual element of the model, resulting in the ideal certification model. The final model contained elements of both the …
Implementation Of The Metaheuristic Tabu Search In Route Selection For Mobility Analysis Support System, David M. Ryer
Implementation Of The Metaheuristic Tabu Search In Route Selection For Mobility Analysis Support System, David M. Ryer
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis employs a reactive tabu search heuristic implemented in the Java programming language to solve a real world variation of the vehicle routing problem with the objective of providing quality routes to Mobility Analysis Support System (MASS). MASS is a stochastic simulation model used extensively by Air Mobility Command (AMC) to analyze strategic airlift capabilities and future procurement decisions. This dynamic real world problem of strategic and tactical airlift possesses a number of side constraints such as vehicle capacities, route length and time windows in a sizeable network with multiple depots and a large fleet of heterogeneous vehicles. Finding …
Portfolio Selection Of Innovative Technologies Via Life Cycle Cost Modeling, Scott C. Naylor
Portfolio Selection Of Innovative Technologies Via Life Cycle Cost Modeling, Scott C. Naylor
Theses and Dissertations
High technology firms are faced with the dilemma of deciding which products to develop, which generations of technology to pass over, and which products to skip entirely. As competition among these firms increases and the life cycles of technological products shorten, there exists a great deal of pressure to bring products rapidly to the market. As a result, recouping the costs of research and development (R & D) and earning a profit becomes increasingly uncertain. Traditional life cycle cost models do not directly address shortened life cycles, time to market, or learning curve issues; all are critical factors in the …
Multi-Discipline Network Vulnerability Assessment, Karilynne Wallace
Multi-Discipline Network Vulnerability Assessment, Karilynne Wallace
Theses and Dissertations
Air Force Space Command has a mission to provide real-time, survivable, and enduring communications, surveillance, environmental monitoring, navigation, and warning....according to Air Force Space Handbook - A War Fighters Guide to Space. In order to prevent disruption of the critical networks in Space Command, a vulnerability assessment must be performed. The set of components called a vulnerability set, which could cause network disruption, must be identified and prioritized. In order to move beyond subjective prioritization, implementation of a quantitative methodology that measures the value of each vulnerability set is needed. This thesis proposes a technique for vulnerability assessment of a …
The Quota Allocation Model: The Linear Optimization Of A Markov Decision Process, David A. Brown
The Quota Allocation Model: The Linear Optimization Of A Markov Decision Process, David A. Brown
Theses and Dissertations
One of the many needs of the Air Force is advanced technical degrees. These degrees can be acquired in three ways: the Air Force can directly recruit personnel with the required degrees; Air Force personnel can obtain them during off duty time from local civilian colleges near their base; or the Air Force can provide advanced academic degrees (AADs) through the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) or AFIT-sponsored programs. In 1995, the AFIT Commandant initiated a re-engineering study to review the AFIT mission. One of the initiatives of that study was the Quota Allocation Model (QuAM). The QuAM model …
Strategic Effects Of Airpower And Complex Adaptive Agents: An Initial Investigation, Thomas R. Tighe
Strategic Effects Of Airpower And Complex Adaptive Agents: An Initial Investigation, Thomas R. Tighe
Theses and Dissertations
US airpower theory and doctrine depend on the concept that the destruction of a few key targets or centers of gravity can unravel the enemy's physical ability to wage war or break his will to prosecute the war. This synergistic decimation of the enemy's effectiveness and resistance to our political will is known as Strategic Effects. These strategic effects are very difficult to quantify and are not directly accounted for in current DoD computer models. Since these computer models are used to aid with decisions about force structure and budget priorities, many believe that the Air Force's greatest potential contribution …
A Validation Assessment Of Thunder 6.5'S Intelligence, Surveillance, And Reconnaissance Module, Francine N. Nelson
A Validation Assessment Of Thunder 6.5'S Intelligence, Surveillance, And Reconnaissance Module, Francine N. Nelson
Theses and Dissertations
A validation assessment of THUNDER 6.5's Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) module is accomplished using formulational and experimental validation techniques. A comparison of ISR purposes and processes according to military doctrine is made with the purposes and processes of ISR implemented within THUNDER 6.5. This comparison provides an overview of the process, an understanding of the level of aggregation within THUNDER, insight into possible problem areas in THUNDER, and a basis for improving THUNDER ISR processes. Sensitivity analysis of the ISR parameters as they relate to the Quality, Quantity, and Timeliness of ISR is also presented to provide insight into …
Pilot Inventory Complex Adaptive System (Picas): An Artificial Life Approach To Managing Pilot Retention, Martin P. Gaupp
Pilot Inventory Complex Adaptive System (Picas): An Artificial Life Approach To Managing Pilot Retention, Martin P. Gaupp
Theses and Dissertations
The retention of skilled pilots continues to be a problem that plagues the United States Air Force. After spending millions of dollars on training and education, it is disheartening to see the mass exodus of experienced aviators from the Air Force that has been occurring in the past decade. Many blame the economy, others the Air Force itself but few are able to accurately predict how or why they are all leaving. The current personnel models do not adequately determine retention rates. Complex adaptive systems theory, however, might provide some insight. By modeling the system at the pilot's level, allowing …
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Mission Level Simulation, Jennifer G. Walston
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Mission Level Simulation, Jennifer G. Walston
Theses and Dissertations
We develop an object-oriented simulation that models the surveillance and Active Suppression of Enemy Air Defense (SEAD) missions of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) RQ-1A Predator. The simulation, written in Java using the Silk simulation package, interfaces with a Reactive Tabu Search routing algorithm to provide optimal UAV routes. The routing algorithm is called by the simulation to account for changes in weather conditions and to provide a means of dynamically retasking the UAV. The simulation and analysis support a UAV Battlelab initiative to test the operational effects of proposed changes in Predator performance and UAV capability to perform in …
A New Sequential Goodness Of Fit Test For The Three-Parameter Gamma Distribution With Known Shape Based On Skewness And Kurtosis, Chil Ho Park
Theses and Dissertations
This research presents a new sequential goodness of fit test for the three-parameter gamma distribution with a known shape. The test is accomplished by employing two new tests, sample skewness and sample kurtosis, sequentially as test statistics. Unlike the typical goodness of fit test, using parameter estimation methods such as maximum likelihood estimation and minimum distance estimation, this test using the two test statistics above does not involve a substantial degree of computational complexity. Large Monte Carlo simulation has been used to determine critical values and overall significance levels for all combinations of the two tests, and to conduct extensive …
Decision Analysis Methodology To Evaluate Organization, Shawn C. Thompson
Decision Analysis Methodology To Evaluate Organization, Shawn C. Thompson
Theses and Dissertations
The organizational structure of the civil engineer squadron's operations flight has undergone numerous changes over the last fifty years. Today the structure of the flight to the element level is mandated by Air Force Instructions; however, each unit is given the flexibility to organize below the element level. Most civil engineer units are struggling through the decision of how to organize their flights without a sound methodology to guide their efforts. Providing such a methodology is the objective of this thesis. To accomplish the objective, the history behind the operations flight structure was researched. In addition to this historical research, …
A Bayesian Decision Model For Battle Damage Assessment, Daniel W. Franzen
A Bayesian Decision Model For Battle Damage Assessment, Daniel W. Franzen
Theses and Dissertations
Battle damage assessment (BDA) is critical to success in any air campaign. However, Desert Storm highlighted numerous deficiencies in the BDA process, and operations since Desert Storm continue to point out weaknesses. We present a review of the Phase I BDA decision, or physical damage assessment, and model the decision process using a Bayesian belief network. Through subject matter expert (i.e., the targeteers) elicitation sessions, imagery was found to be critically important to the BDA process yet this information is generally not retained. This use of "perfect information" is delineated in the BDA process models. We proposed a methodology based …