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Michigan Technological University

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Articles 1 - 30 of 318

Full-Text Articles in Materials Science and Engineering

Large-Scale Synthesis (75 G/Batch) Of Single-Atom Catalysts For Selective Electrochemical Co2 Reduction To Co And Commercialization Potential Analysis, Carter Racine, Ahmed Badreldin, John Pellessier, Yayun Chen, Shaoqin Chen, Shengyao Wang, Jin Feng, Chengcheng Fei, Yun Hang Hu, Ying Li Jun 2026

Large-Scale Synthesis (75 G/Batch) Of Single-Atom Catalysts For Selective Electrochemical Co2 Reduction To Co And Commercialization Potential Analysis, Carter Racine, Ahmed Badreldin, John Pellessier, Yayun Chen, Shaoqin Chen, Shengyao Wang, Jin Feng, Chengcheng Fei, Yun Hang Hu, Ying Li

Michigan Tech Publications

A promising approach to mitigate climate change is to use renewable electricity to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions into useful products like carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons. While research has largely focused on developing high-performance catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction (eCO2R), scalability of catalyst synthesis remains underexplored. Metal–nitrogen–carbon (M–N–C) catalysts with dominant single-atom sites are among the most effective materials for CO production, but conventional synthesis methods rely on energy-intensive steps and complex pre- and post-treatment processes, hindering scalability and adding negative environmental impacts. This work demonstrates a scalable, single-step synthesis of M–N–C (M = Ni/Fe) catalysts using commercially available …

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2025, Significant Natural Disasters And Global Carbon Capture, Utilization, And Storage—Annual Progress Report, Shangli Shi, Yun Hang Hu May 2026

2025, Significant Natural Disasters And Global Carbon Capture, Utilization, And Storage—Annual Progress Report, Shangli Shi, Yun Hang Hu

Michigan Tech Publications

This annual review summarizes the progress of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies in 2025. During this year, the growth rate of atmospheric CO2 concentrations slowed, yet anthropogenic CO2 emissions continued to rise. At the same time, the increasing frequency of severe natural disasters underscored the urgency of climate action and further intensified global efforts to advance CCUS deployment. Scientific interest in CCUS expanded markedly, with the annual number of related publications increasing by 18.5% compared with 2024, reaching 63935. Meanwhile, the total number of operational commercial CCUS facilities worldwide grew by 54%, accompanied by an approximate 25% increase …

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A Review Of Magnesium-Based Stents: Manufacturing Strategies And Future Trends, Amir Motaharinia, Amir Sanati Nezhad, Jeremy Goldman, H. R. Bakhsheshi-Rad, J. Drelich May 2026

A Review Of Magnesium-Based Stents: Manufacturing Strategies And Future Trends, Amir Motaharinia, Amir Sanati Nezhad, Jeremy Goldman, H. R. Bakhsheshi-Rad, J. Drelich

Michigan Tech Publications

Coronary artery disease is often treated with vascular stents to restore the blood flow. Recently, there has been growing interest in biodegradable metal stents, especially those made from magnesium (Mg). This review starts by explaining the complex pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and the current treatment options. It then discusses stents, including their potential benefits, capabilities, and limitations, as they represent the gold standard for percutaneous coronary intervention in treating atherosclerosis. Given the vital role of stents, we provide a thorough review of the manufacturing techniques involved, such as wire forming, subtractive manufacturing, and additive manufacturing, with a specific focus on stents …

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Optimized Bombax Ceiba/Jute Hybrid Epoxy Composites For Enhanced Thermal Insulation Performance, Shadman Ahmed Khan, Naeem Ahmmed, Md Tanvir Hossain, Abdullah Ibn Asheque, Md Ariful Islam, Md Abdul Kader, Md Sohel Rana, Sakib Masud Apr 2026

Optimized Bombax Ceiba/Jute Hybrid Epoxy Composites For Enhanced Thermal Insulation Performance, Shadman Ahmed Khan, Naeem Ahmmed, Md Tanvir Hossain, Abdullah Ibn Asheque, Md Ariful Islam, Md Abdul Kader, Md Sohel Rana, Sakib Masud

Michigan Tech Publications

The development of sustainable hybrid natural-fiber composites provides a practical way toward lightweight materials with tailored mechanical and thermal performance. In this study, Bombax ceiba (BC)/jute hybrid epoxy composites were fabricated using a stacked preform followed by compression molding, and the effect of fiber blending ratio on mechanical, thermal, and microstructural properties was systematically investigated. Three compositions-40/60, 50/50, and 60/40 BC/jute by weight-were evaluated. Mechanical testing showed that the J50 composite, with a balanced fiber ratio, exhibited superior flexural strength and impact resistance, indicating effective hybrid synergy and improved stress transfer between fibers and the matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that …

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Electrophoretic Deposition Of Chitosan-Based Coatings On Magnesium Alloys For Implant Applications: A Review, M. H. Payampur, D. Azimi, W. W. Milligan, M. Razzaghi, H. R. Bakhsheshi-Rad, J. Drelich Apr 2026

Electrophoretic Deposition Of Chitosan-Based Coatings On Magnesium Alloys For Implant Applications: A Review, M. H. Payampur, D. Azimi, W. W. Milligan, M. Razzaghi, H. R. Bakhsheshi-Rad, J. Drelich

Michigan Tech Publications

Magnesium (Mg) alloys are highly promising materials for biomedical applications due to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, their rapid corrosion in physiological environments remains a significant barrier to their use in implantable devices. Surface modification techniques, particularly chitosan (CS)-based coatings, have shown considerable potential in addressing these challenges. CS, as a biopolymer, not only reduces the corrosion rate of Mg alloys but also enhances their biological performance. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a highly versatile technique that enables the uniform deposition of CS and CS-composite coatings on Mg alloys. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of depositing CS and …

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Sub-Nanometer Nanoclusters Of Copper Atop Single-Atom Copper Moieties Toward Electrochemical Co2 Hydrogenation To Methane, Ahmed Badreldin, Mohammad Bilal Minhas, Shengyao Wang, Gabriella Smith, Shaoqin Chen, Shiwen Wu, Carter Racine, Jin Feng, Yun Hang Hu, Tao Li, Ying Li Apr 2026

Sub-Nanometer Nanoclusters Of Copper Atop Single-Atom Copper Moieties Toward Electrochemical Co2 Hydrogenation To Methane, Ahmed Badreldin, Mohammad Bilal Minhas, Shengyao Wang, Gabriella Smith, Shaoqin Chen, Shiwen Wu, Carter Racine, Jin Feng, Yun Hang Hu, Tao Li, Ying Li

Michigan Tech Publications

The electrochemical CO2 reduction (eCO2R) offers a compelling route for converting CO2 into value-added fuels and chemicals. Among CO2-derived products, methane (CH4) occupies a distinct position, serving both as a key intermediate for emerging cascade electro-oxidation to oxygenates and as a strategically important extraterrestrial fuel that can be generated in situ from off-planet CO2 resources. Although Cu-based catalysts capable of selectively producing CH4 have been reported, they seldom sustain high selectivity at practically relevant current densities. Here, we created a single-step co-pyrolysis strategy toward generating and anchoring Cu sub-nanometer clusters (CuSNC) atop Cu-Nx single-atom (SA) motifs embedded within N-doped carbon …

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Investigating Confounding Factors In Shear Wave Speed Measurements Of Fibrotic Liver Tissues: A Computer Simulation Study, Emily J. Miller, Yongmei Jin, Jingfeng Jiang Mar 2026

Investigating Confounding Factors In Shear Wave Speed Measurements Of Fibrotic Liver Tissues: A Computer Simulation Study, Emily J. Miller, Yongmei Jin, Jingfeng Jiang

Michigan Tech Publications

Screening patients with liver fibrosis and identifying those at risk of developing advanced liver fibrosis is of clinical interest. Shear wave elastography (SWE), a promising non-invasive screening tool used to distinguish healthy tissue from diseased tissue, measures tissue shear wave speed (SWS) to describe tissue stiffness and identify liver fibrosis. However, considerable variations in the reported results have been found. We propose that the heterogeneity of the liver tissue background, such as the presence of fatty liver tissue and the preferred local orientation of the scarred fibrotic liver tissues embedded into the liver parenchyma, may contribute to the uncertainty in …

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The Effect Of Si And Zr On The Formation Of Al3x And V-Phase In A 6005a Alloy With Sc—Part 1: Alloy Design And Heat Treatment Selection, Eli A. Harma, Timothy Langan, Paul Sanders Mar 2026

The Effect Of Si And Zr On The Formation Of Al3x And V-Phase In A 6005a Alloy With Sc—Part 1: Alloy Design And Heat Treatment Selection, Eli A. Harma, Timothy Langan, Paul Sanders

Michigan Tech Publications

Adding Sc to 6xxx series alloys has led to inconsistent results due to the formation of the high-temperature, thermodynamically stable V-phase (AlSc2Si2). Thermo-Calc single-axis equilibrium and phase diagram calculations were employed to identify V-phase formation with varying Si and Zr concentrations, indicating that increasing Zr and decreasing Si lowered the V-phase equilibrium volume fraction. Increasing Zr also shifted the V-phase equilibrium to higher Si concentrations. To access real-world influences of Zr and Si, four compositions were cast with different Si and Zr concentrations: a high-Si, low-Zr alloy; a medium-Si, medium-Zr alloy; a low-Si, high-Zr alloy; and a baseline alloy without …

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Leaching Of Manganese Using Bio-Solubilized Iron Reductant To Prevent Manganese Carbonate Formation, Palas Kamlakar Borkar, Neha Sharma, Atharva Rane, Kwabena Boafo, Timothy Eisele Feb 2026

Leaching Of Manganese Using Bio-Solubilized Iron Reductant To Prevent Manganese Carbonate Formation, Palas Kamlakar Borkar, Neha Sharma, Atharva Rane, Kwabena Boafo, Timothy Eisele

Michigan Tech Publications

A mixed culture of metal-reducing microorganisms was used to dissolve iron, which was then utilized as a reductant to extract manganese in a 250 mL two-stage bioleaching system. In this two-stage configuration, CO2 generation associated with microbial metabolism occurs in the iron-reduction stage, while MnO2 reduction is confined to a separate manganese-leaching stage, thereby minimizing manganese carbonate formation. The results demonstrated that the two-stage system effectively maintained Fe2+ availability, enhancing manganese dissolution while mitigating loss of manganese through manganese carbonate (MnCO3) formation. In contrast, a single-stage bioleaching approach, where microorganisms directly reduced manganese oxides, led to significant MnCO3 precipitation, …

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Detecting And Repairing Conflicting Constraints In Co-Trained Physics-Informed Neural Networks For Composite Curing Processes, Cooper J. Evans Jan 2026

Detecting And Repairing Conflicting Constraints In Co-Trained Physics-Informed Neural Networks For Composite Curing Processes, Cooper J. Evans

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Composite materials have become a critical component of modern manufacturing, especially in the automotive and aerospace industries. The curing process for these composites has been modeled using a variety of partial differential equations representing the heat transfer and composite curing kinetics. Optimizing the applied temperature profile is critical for maximizing the efficiency and capacity of composite part manufacturers. Constraints must be placed on the inputs and outputs of the model, including but not limited to, the applied temperature profile, part temperature, and final degree of cure. Conflicting sets of constraints are easy to unknowingly impose due to the highly coupled …

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Development Of Stronger, More Extrudable 6xxx Series Alloys For Automotive Applications, Eli A. Harma Jan 2026

Development Of Stronger, More Extrudable 6xxx Series Alloys For Automotive Applications, Eli A. Harma

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

6xxx alloys are widely used in automotive extrusion structures for their high specific strength and formability. Advanced designs require greater formability and strength, creating an opportunity for high-strength, formable alloys. The 6xxx series forms β”-Mg5Si6 precipitates during age hardening and develops a fibrous microstructure during extrusion, both strengthening the alloy. Increasing Mg and Si to form more β” decreases formability. Thus, modifying texture can increase strength without reducing formability. Current alloys like 6005A add Mn and Cr to form dispersoids that inhibit recrystallization and promote strengthening textures; however, high Mn and Cr concentrations reduce formability. Replacing Mn …

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Aqueous Iron Electrowinning: From Electrolyte Engineering To The Unexplored Potential Of Acetate Systems, Chodwell N. Verenga Jan 2026

Aqueous Iron Electrowinning: From Electrolyte Engineering To The Unexplored Potential Of Acetate Systems, Chodwell N. Verenga

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Iron electrowinning and electrodeposition sit at the intersection of classical metallurgy and developing sustainable manufacturing. With the iron and steel industry responsible for 7 - 9% of global CO₂ emissions, low-temperature electrochemical pathways for iron production have garnered significant research interest. This review examines the fundamental electrochemical principles governing iron deposition, the thermodynamic constraints imposed by the iron-water system, and the kinetic challenges posed by the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The three key electrolyte systems are objectively evaluated: acidic sulfate and chloride electrolytes, alkaline suspension electrolytes and water-in-salt electrolytes. Their operating parameters, faradaic efficiencies, energy consumption and deposit characteristics …

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Imaging Of Dynamic Processes In Materials With A Laser-Wakefield Accelerator, J. Kang, R. J. Shalloo, M. J. Higgins, S. J.D. Dann, J. N. Gruse, C. I.D. Underwood, A. F. Antoine, C. Arran, C. D. Baird, M. D. Balcazar, N. Bourgeois, J. A. Cardarelli, K. Krushelnick, S. P.D. Mangles, C. D. Murphy, N. Lu, P. P. Rajeev, M. P. Selwood, D. R. Symes, C. P. Ridgers, A. G.R. Thomas, C. Thornton, Z. Najmudin, P. G. Sanders, P. D. Staublin, A. J. Shahani, M. J.V. Streeter Dec 2025

Imaging Of Dynamic Processes In Materials With A Laser-Wakefield Accelerator, J. Kang, R. J. Shalloo, M. J. Higgins, S. J.D. Dann, J. N. Gruse, C. I.D. Underwood, A. F. Antoine, C. Arran, C. D. Baird, M. D. Balcazar, N. Bourgeois, J. A. Cardarelli, K. Krushelnick, S. P.D. Mangles, C. D. Murphy, N. Lu, P. P. Rajeev, M. P. Selwood, D. R. Symes, C. P. Ridgers, A. G.R. Thomas, C. Thornton, Z. Najmudin, P. G. Sanders, P. D. Staublin, A. J. Shahani, M. J.V. Streeter

Michigan Tech Publications

Betatron x rays generated from laser-wakefield accelerators are a promising source for imaging dynamic processes in materials. Here, we present proof-of-concept imaging of microstructural evolution in a hypermonotectic Al-Bi alloy, which consists of liquid Bi particles in a solid Al matrix. The images capture the elongation and fragmentation of Bi particles upon isothermal annealing. Because of the femtosecond time scale of the betatron source, the images are not subject to motion blur, whereas the accessibility of the source allows for studies of long-term processes such as annealing. The high-resolution data reveal that the evolution of Bi particles is mediated by …

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Integrating Complete Bond Dissociation In Class Ii Force Fields, Joshua Kemppainen, Hendrik Heinz, Gregory M. Odegard Nov 2025

Integrating Complete Bond Dissociation In Class Ii Force Fields, Joshua Kemppainen, Hendrik Heinz, Gregory M. Odegard

Michigan Tech Publications

Predicting the physical and mechanical properties of organic materials from purely chemical understandings remains a significant challenge due to the limitations of conventional force fields in molecular dynamics (MD). In this work, we present a novel reformulation of Class II force fields that integrates Morse bond potentials with newly derived cross-term interactions, explicitly capturing complete bond dissociation while maintaining computational efficiency. This reformulated functional form combines the stability of fixed-bond models with the reactive capabilities of bond-breaking force fields, achieving accurate and robust MD predictions across crystalline, semi-crystalline, and amorphous organic systems. Extensive benchmarking confirms its predictive accuracy and speed, …

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Machine Learning Classification Of Eeg Responses To Pain-Related Vs Non-Pain-Related Stimulus In Preterm Infants, Lojain Hamwi, Hang Du, Sara Jasim, Xiaogang Wang, Vibhuti Shah, Carol Cheng, Lorenzo Fabrizi, Maria Fitzgerald, Judith Meek, Nicole Racine, Ian Stedman, Rebecca Pillai Riddell Oct 2025

Machine Learning Classification Of Eeg Responses To Pain-Related Vs Non-Pain-Related Stimulus In Preterm Infants, Lojain Hamwi, Hang Du, Sara Jasim, Xiaogang Wang, Vibhuti Shah, Carol Cheng, Lorenzo Fabrizi, Maria Fitzgerald, Judith Meek, Nicole Racine, Ian Stedman, Rebecca Pillai Riddell

Michigan Tech Publications

INTRODUCTION: Unmanaged pain in preterm infants can lead to long-term developmental consequences. Current pain assessment methods lack specificity, resulting in possible pain mismanagement in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). This study explores the application of machine learning (ML) to differentiate between pain-related and non-pain-related cortical activity in preterm infants. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of ML models in distinguishing cortical EEG activity during a painful procedure in preterm infants across different postmenstrual ages (PMAs). METHODS: This observational study was conducted from June 2015 to May 2024 at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto, Canada, and University College London Hospital, United Kingdom. …

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Overcoming Variable Illumination In Photovoltaic Snow Monitoring: A Real-Time Robust Drone-Based Deep Learning Approach, Amna Mazen, Ashraf Saleem, Kamyab Yazdipaz, Ana Dyreson Sep 2025

Overcoming Variable Illumination In Photovoltaic Snow Monitoring: A Real-Time Robust Drone-Based Deep Learning Approach, Amna Mazen, Ashraf Saleem, Kamyab Yazdipaz, Ana Dyreson

Michigan Tech Publications

Snow accumulation on photovoltaic (PV) panels can cause significant energy losses in cold climates. While drone-based monitoring offers a scalable solution, real-world challenges like varying illumination can hinder accurate snow detection. We previously developed a YOLO-based drone system for snow coverage detection using a Fixed Thresholding segmentation method to discriminate snow from the solar panel; however, it struggled in challenging lighting conditions. This work addresses those limitations by presenting a reliable drone-based system to accurately estimate the Snow Coverage Percentage (SCP) over PV panels. The system combines a lightweight YOLOv11n-seg deep learning model for panel detection with an adaptive image …

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Piezoelectric Dc Generator Through Sequential In-Phase Polarization Variation, Hyun Soo Kim, Sunghoon Hur, In Woo Oh, Chulwan Lim, Huimin Qiao, Hyung Jin Choi, Min Seok Kim, Dae Sol Kong, Jong Hoon Jung, Joonchul Shin, Seung Hyub Baek, Jun Chen, Chong Yun Kang, Jeong Min Baik, Yu U. Wang, Shashank Priya, Seong H. Kim, Yunseok Kim, Hyung Suk Oh, Kyung Hoon Cho, Jungho Ryu, Hyun Cheol Song Aug 2025

Piezoelectric Dc Generator Through Sequential In-Phase Polarization Variation, Hyun Soo Kim, Sunghoon Hur, In Woo Oh, Chulwan Lim, Huimin Qiao, Hyung Jin Choi, Min Seok Kim, Dae Sol Kong, Jong Hoon Jung, Joonchul Shin, Seung Hyub Baek, Jun Chen, Chong Yun Kang, Jeong Min Baik, Yu U. Wang, Shashank Priya, Seong H. Kim, Yunseok Kim, Hyung Suk Oh, Kyung Hoon Cho, Jungho Ryu, Hyun Cheol Song

Michigan Tech Publications

Energy harvesting has drawn growing interest as a reliable power source for IoT applications, with piezoelectric materials notable for their high sensitivity and straightforward integration. Their robust mechanical-electrical coupling also makes them ideal for harnessing environmental vibrations or mechanical motions. Still, standard piezoelectric harvesters inherently produce alternating current (AC), necessitating complex rectification steps and leading to substantial energy loss. This work introduces a direct current (DC) harvesting method that employs a novel in-phase polarization strategy, enabling a stable, continuous DC output. This approach surpasses prior attempts that offered only low or pulsed DC signals, achieving an open-circuit voltage of 33.44 …

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Performance Properties Of Treated Jute Fabric Laminated By Electrospun Recycled Pet Nanofibers, Md Abdus Shahid, Md Golam Mortuza Limon, Imam Hossain, Md Tanvir Hossain, Tarikul Islam, Md Moslem Uddin Aug 2025

Performance Properties Of Treated Jute Fabric Laminated By Electrospun Recycled Pet Nanofibers, Md Abdus Shahid, Md Golam Mortuza Limon, Imam Hossain, Md Tanvir Hossain, Tarikul Islam, Md Moslem Uddin

Michigan Tech Publications

Transforming from plastic to environmentally friendly materials is essential for both human health and the protection of the environment. In this work, a modified jute fabric (MJF) laminated with electrospun recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) nanofibers with silver nitrate (AgNO3) is presented. The purpose to apply the silver nitrate and rPET nanofiber mat is to enhance the performance properties of packaging materials like mechanical strength, thermal insulation, moisture resistance, and antibacterial properties. The jute fabric was pretreated with alkali to make it compatible with rPET electrospun nanofibers, which improved breathability with a diameter of 24.70 ± 7.79 nm and an average …

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Single-Step Conversion Of Metal Impurities In Cnts To Electroactive Metallic Nitride Nanoclusters For Electrochemical Co2 Reduction, Ahmed Badreldin, John Pellessier, Francisco Alejandro Ospina Acevedo, Siyuan Fang, Carter Racine, Jin Feng, Alvin Chang, Yulu Ge, Yang Gang, Shengyao Wang, Xiaokun Yang, Sergei Ivanov, Zhenxing Feng, Yun Hang Hu, Perla B. Balbuena, Ying Li Jul 2025

Single-Step Conversion Of Metal Impurities In Cnts To Electroactive Metallic Nitride Nanoclusters For Electrochemical Co2 Reduction, Ahmed Badreldin, John Pellessier, Francisco Alejandro Ospina Acevedo, Siyuan Fang, Carter Racine, Jin Feng, Alvin Chang, Yulu Ge, Yang Gang, Shengyao Wang, Xiaokun Yang, Sergei Ivanov, Zhenxing Feng, Yun Hang Hu, Perla B. Balbuena, Ying Li

Michigan Tech Publications

A novel single-step low-temperature pyrolysis method is developed to efficiently remove encapsulated Ni nanoparticles (NPs, 10–50 nm) from both regular-grade (< 5 wt.% metal impurities) and industrial-grade (< 10 wt.% metal impurities) carbon nanotubes (CNTs). This approach eliminates the need for conventional multi-step purification processes, which often involve high-temperature corrosive gas oxidation and acid washing. The new strategy transforms and redistributes encapsulated Ni-NPs into homogeneously sized nanoclusters (NCs, ≈1 nm) that are evenly dispersed on the surface of CNTs. Surface and bulk sensitive spectroscopic analyses reveal the predominant formation of Ni3N-NCs, along with some metallic Ni-NCs. The treated materials demonstrate exceptional electroactivity toward CO2 reduction to CO, with the best-performing CNT-PTFE-Mel-650 sample achieving an ultra-low onset overpotential of −19 mV and 98% CO selectivity in a current density range of 100–700 mA cm−2. This NC catalyst demonstrates 25% lower voltage at 700 mA cm−2 compared to the single atom catalyst (SAC) control. Experimentally verified ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) models are simulated, and subsequent density functional theory (DFT) calculations further support the thermodynamic stability of Ni3N-NCs and their favorability for CO2 reduction. This work establishes a new method for creating ligand-free electroactive NCs for efficient electrochemical reactions.

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The Influence Of Extrusion Geometry And Ratio On Extrudate Mechanical Properties For A 6005a Alloy Containing Either Sc And Zr Or Cr And Mn Dispersoid Formers, Eli A. Harma, Paul Sanders, Thomas Wood, Timothy Langan May 2025

The Influence Of Extrusion Geometry And Ratio On Extrudate Mechanical Properties For A 6005a Alloy Containing Either Sc And Zr Or Cr And Mn Dispersoid Formers, Eli A. Harma, Paul Sanders, Thomas Wood, Timothy Langan

Michigan Tech Publications

There is a demand for a 6005A series extrusion alloy with improved strength that maintains good extrudability. Replacing Mn and Cr dispersoid formers with Sc and Zr is expected to increase the room temperature mechanical properties while not affecting extrudability. Al3X dispersoids with a Sc core surrounded by a Zr shell are stable at higher temperatures and enhance recrystallization resistance and precipitation strengthening. However, there is little information on how the Sc and Zr additions affect the properties of an extrudate as a function of extrusion geometry and ratio. A 6005A series alloy with Cr and Mn additions is compared …

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Additive Manufacturing Of Zinc-Based Biomaterials: Fabrication, Performance And Property Evaluation, S. Bandekian, M. Zolfaghari Baghbaderani, J. Drelich, S. Sharif, A.F. Ismail, H. R. Bakhsheshi-Rad May 2025

Additive Manufacturing Of Zinc-Based Biomaterials: Fabrication, Performance And Property Evaluation, S. Bandekian, M. Zolfaghari Baghbaderani, J. Drelich, S. Sharif, A.F. Ismail, H. R. Bakhsheshi-Rad

Michigan Tech Publications

The use of zinc and its alloys in additive manufacturing has become an important focus in interventional medical field. This is because zinc as an implant is naturally degradable, has solid mechanical characteristics, and is biocompatible. Biodegradable Zn-based metals made with additive manufacturing offer significant advantages in creating personalized medical implants. This review aims to provide an overview of different types of additive manufacturing methods and processes that can be used in the fabrication of Zn-based medical implants. It offers a comprehensive understanding of additive-manufactured Zn-based alloys for interventional surgeries. The study also summarizes the relationships between degradation properties, mechanical …

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2024, A Landmark Year For Climate Change And Global Carbon Capture, Utilization, And Storage: Annual Progress Review, Shangli Shi, Yun Hang Hu Apr 2025

2024, A Landmark Year For Climate Change And Global Carbon Capture, Utilization, And Storage: Annual Progress Review, Shangli Shi, Yun Hang Hu

Michigan Tech Publications

This annual review outlines the progress of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies in 2024. As human-induced CO2 emissions continued to rise, the year presented critical challenges. Notably, 2024 was the hottest year on record and the first in which global temperatures exceeded preindustrial levels by more than 1.5°C, driving intensified efforts to advance CCUS. Scientific interest in CCUS grew significantly, with the annual number of related publications increasing by 11.4% compared to 2023, reaching 53,970. The total number of operational commercial CCUS facilities also expanded, rising by 16.3% to a total of 50. In the political area, governments …

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Turbulence Numerical Simulation Of Flow Characteristics Of Laval Nozzle Top Blow Jet, Ai Liang Chen, Yao Liu, Zi Biao Wang, Huan Wu Zhan, Xue Xian Jiang, Feng Long Sun, Jiann Yang Hwang, Xi Jun Zhang Apr 2025

Turbulence Numerical Simulation Of Flow Characteristics Of Laval Nozzle Top Blow Jet, Ai Liang Chen, Yao Liu, Zi Biao Wang, Huan Wu Zhan, Xue Xian Jiang, Feng Long Sun, Jiann Yang Hwang, Xi Jun Zhang

Michigan Tech Publications

The turbulent characteristics of the top-blown Laval nozzle and the influence of pressure and Mach number were studied through numerical simulation. With 2.72% error between the results and the empirical formula, the results are reliable. Nozzle fluid is influenced by pipe structure, causing pressure and density to drop as speed increases. Differences in pressure and velocity between the jet and surrounding gas lead to jet velocity attenuation, flow expansion, deflection, and eddy currents. The optimal top blowing pressure is 0.6 MPa, and the center velocity and width of the jet are 345 m/s and 0.124 m, respectively, at 20De (De …

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Coastal Environments: Lidar Mapping Of Copper Tailings Impacts, Particle Retention Of Copper, Leaching, And Toxicity, W. Charles Kerfoot, Gary Swain, Robert Regis, Varsha K. Raman, Colin N. Brooks, Chris Cook, Et. Al. Mar 2025

Coastal Environments: Lidar Mapping Of Copper Tailings Impacts, Particle Retention Of Copper, Leaching, And Toxicity, W. Charles Kerfoot, Gary Swain, Robert Regis, Varsha K. Raman, Colin N. Brooks, Chris Cook, Et. Al.

Michigan Tech Publications

Tailings generated by mining account for the largest world-wide waste from industrial activities. As an element, copper is relatively uncommon, with low concentrations in sediments and waters, yet is very elevated around mining operations. On the Keweenaw Peninsula of Michigan, USA, jutting out into Lake Superior, 140 mines extracted native copper from the Portage Lake Volcanic Series, part of an intercontinental rift system. Between 1901 and 1932, two mills at Gay (Mohawk, Wolverine) sluiced 22.7 million metric tonnes (MMT) of copper-rich tailings (stamp sands) into Grand (Big) Traverse Bay. About 10 MMT formed a beach that has migrated 7 km …

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Overview Of Porous Magnesium-Based Scaffolds: Development, Properties And Biomedical Applications, Amir Motaharinia, Jaroslaw Drelich, Safian Sharif, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, Farid Naeimi, Alexandra G. Glover, Mahshid Ebrahiminejad, Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad Mar 2025

Overview Of Porous Magnesium-Based Scaffolds: Development, Properties And Biomedical Applications, Amir Motaharinia, Jaroslaw Drelich, Safian Sharif, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, Farid Naeimi, Alexandra G. Glover, Mahshid Ebrahiminejad, Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad

Michigan Tech Publications

Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are revolutionizing the field of interventional surgeries in the medical industry. Their high biocompatibility, biodegradability, and a similar elastic modulus to natural bone make porous Mg-based structures potential candidates for orthopedic implants and tissue engineering scaffolding. However, fabricating and machining porous Mg-based structures is challenging due to their complexity and difficulties in achieving uniform or gradient porosity. This review aims to thoroughly explore various fabrication procedures used to create metallic scaffolds, with a specific focus on those made from Mg-based alloys. Both traditional manufacturing techniques, including the directional solidification of metal-gas eutectic technique, pattern casting, …

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Investigating The Structure-Property Correlations Of Pyrolyzed Phenolic Resin As A Function Of Degree Of Carbonization, Ivan Gallegos, Vikas Varshney, Josh Kemppainen, Gregory Odegard Jan 2025

Investigating The Structure-Property Correlations Of Pyrolyzed Phenolic Resin As A Function Of Degree Of Carbonization, Ivan Gallegos, Vikas Varshney, Josh Kemppainen, Gregory Odegard

Michigan Tech Publications

Carbon-carbon (C/C) composites are attractive materials for high-speed flights and terrestrial atmospheric reentry applications due to their insulating thermal properties, thermal resistance, and high strength-to-weight ratio. It is important to understand the evolving structure-property correlations in these materials during pyrolysis, but the extreme laboratory conditions required to produce C/C composites make it difficult to quantify the properties in situ. This work presents an atomistic modeling methodology to pyrolyze a crosslinked phenolic resin network and track the evolving thermomechanical properties of the skeletal matrix during simulated pyrolysis. First, the crosslinked resin is pyrolyzed and the resulting char yield and mass density …

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Design Of Aluminum-Copper Alloy With Scandium In Solution, Austin M. Depottey Jan 2025

Design Of Aluminum-Copper Alloy With Scandium In Solution, Austin M. Depottey

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The 2xxx series of precipitation-strengthened aluminum-copper alloys are commonly used in high-temperature applications (up to 300°C) where lightweight metals are required. Scandium additions to aluminum-copper alloys have gained recent academic interest due to improved high-temperature mechanical properties, by forming coarsening- resistant Al3Sc dispersoids and stabilization of θ′ precipitates. However, gaps in knowledge about the effects of scandium present a challenge to successful commercialization of aluminum-copper-scandium alloys. This work seeks to explore these knowledge gaps and ultimately design and test a commercially feasible aluminum- copper alloy with scandium. To better understand the processing conditions required to avoid the detrimental W-phase (Al8Cu4Sc), …

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Machine Learning Design And Experimental Production Of Recycled Aluminum Alloys With Magnesium And Iron, Skylar Patten Jan 2025

Machine Learning Design And Experimental Production Of Recycled Aluminum Alloys With Magnesium And Iron, Skylar Patten

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Recycling aluminum saves up to 95% of the energy required for primary production but introduces impurities such as iron that limit alloy performance. The Al-Mg-Fe system, though commercially used, remains underexplored. This work applies machine learning with Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization (MOBO) using Thermo-Calc simulations to design Al-Mg-Fe-Si-Cu-Zn alloys with improved castability and reduced porosity. The optimization targeted freezing range, shrinkage, drag coefficient, and microstructural parameters, identifying compositions with high Mg, Si, and Cu and low Zn as optimal. Predicted alloys were experimentally cast and characterized, with yield strengths exceeding 95 MPa and elongation comparable to commercial 319 aluminum in the …

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Semi-Quantitative Elemental Imaging Of Corrosion Products From Bioabsorbable Mg Vascular Implants In Vivo, Weilue He, Keith W. Macrenaris, Adam Griebel, Maria P. Kwesiga, Erico Freitas, Amani Gillette, Jeremy Schaffer, Thomas V. O'Halloran, Roger J. Guillory Ii Jan 2025

Semi-Quantitative Elemental Imaging Of Corrosion Products From Bioabsorbable Mg Vascular Implants In Vivo, Weilue He, Keith W. Macrenaris, Adam Griebel, Maria P. Kwesiga, Erico Freitas, Amani Gillette, Jeremy Schaffer, Thomas V. O'Halloran, Roger J. Guillory Ii

Michigan Tech Publications

While metal materials historically have served as permanent implants and were designed to avoid degradation, next generation bioabsorbable metals for medical devices such as vascular stents are under development, which would elute metal ions and corrosion byproducts into tissues. The fate of these eluted products and their local distribution in vascular tissue largely under studied. In this study, we employ a high spatial resolution spectrometric imaging modality, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-TOF-MS) to map the metal distribution, (herein refered to as laser ablation mapping, or LAM) from Mg alloys within the mouse vascular system and approximate …

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Linking Molecular Structure Evolution To Mechanical Degradation During Environmental Aging In Conventional And Recyclable Epoxy Systems, Ben T. Jewell Jan 2025

Linking Molecular Structure Evolution To Mechanical Degradation During Environmental Aging In Conventional And Recyclable Epoxy Systems, Ben T. Jewell

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The long-term performance of polymeric materials in extreme environments is governed by complex chemical and physical aging processes that alter their molecular structure and mechanical integrity. Conventional thermoset epoxies, while widely used in structural applications, are particularly susceptible to oxidative degradation at elevated temperatures, leading to embrittlement and loss of structural integrity. In the first part of this work, diffusion-limited oxidation (DLO) in a bulk structural epoxy was systematically investigated to establish the link between heterogeneous microstructural evolution and macroscopic mechanical degradation. High-temperature oxidation experiments were conducted in a controlled environmental chamber, and the resulting chemical, thermal, and mechanical changes …

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