Engineering Commons^™

Extremely Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior Of Additively Manufactured 17-4ph Stainless Steel, Kaley Collins

Civil Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Steel structures survive seismic loading thanks to components capable of dissipating large amounts of energy through large deformations. Future optimizations of these components include complex free-form geometries that are difficult to fabricate with traditional casting processes. Additive manufacturing (AM) is an alternative for producing optimized free-form geometries. AM material contains significant differences in microstructural characteristics and mechanical behavior compared to its wrought counterparts. Research has been conducted to understand the effect of microscopic features in the high cycle fatigue (HCF) and low cycle fatigue (LCF) regimes. This study focuses on the behavior of 17-4 Precipitation Hardening (PH) stainless steel in …

Nucor Steel Storage Rack Design, Mac Hanson, Hannah Cataldo, Jason Ziganto, Robert Wozek

Scholar Week 2016 - present

The goal of this design project was to build effective steel storage racks for Nucor Steel Kankakee. The important criteria that the design team needed to meet was that the rack was adjustable, could fit all of the manufactured products that Nucor makes, and could fit various lengths of product. Nucor needs a new rack system because their current process makes the shipping process very inefficient.

The Caster Ladle Lancing System, Andrew Pearson, Alexander Frank, Zachariah Bishop

Scholar Week 2016 - present

The Shielded Movable Oxygen Lance Turret is a cart that is easily maneuverable, that allows an operator to safely lance in a steel casting situation with the protection of a shield and an apparatus to aim and burn away debris.The relatively small design and wheels allows the device to be stored and accessed when needed. This was constructed with industrial materials to withstand a harsh working environment of the caster area where molten steel can be between 2700°F and 3000°F. The Turret has a body made of galvanized iron, and shield infused with polycarbonate as it is designed to be …

Hester Gardens - A Lifemoves Temporary Interim-Housing Facility, Jeffrey Meier, Megan Sauter, Jenna Tran, Taylor Klauser

Civil, Environmental and Sustainable Engineering Senior Theses

LifeMoves, an organization that provides interim housing and supportive services to families and individuals experiencing homelessness, recently purchased 0.35 acres of land, located at 1759 Hester Avenue, San Jose, CA 95128. LifeMoves has challenged the design team to provide preliminary building layouts, a structural alternative analysis, construction management plans, and general civil plans for a multi-story, family-friendly, interim housing facility, which has been named Hester Gardens. The design team considered both steel, a traditional building material, and shipping containers, a sustainable alternative building material, for this project. Each alternative included a structural design and analysis, as well as a cost …

Inelastic Behavior And Seismic Design Of Multistory Chevron-Braced Frames With Yielding Beams, Charles W. Roeder, Andrew D. Sen, Hayato Asada, Sara M. Ibarra, Dawn E. Lehman, Jeffrey W. Berman, Keh-Chyuan Tsai, Ching-Yi Tsai, An-Chien Wu, Kung-Juin Wang, Ruyue Liu

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Chevron or inverted V-braced frames offer numerous architectural and structural advantages, but the current special concentrically braced frame (SCBF) seismic-design requirements in the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings lead to deep, heavy chevron beams; as a result, few chevron SCBFs are built today. Recent research on single-story chevron SCBFs demonstrated that beam yielding can be advantageous at higher demand levels, and design for large, inelastic unbalanced brace-force demands may still result in acceptable seismic performance. However, this prior research did not consider the response of multistory frames. In particular, questions remain as to …

Experimental Assessment Of The Current Load Rating Procedures For A Corroded Steel Ridge Girder In Massachusetts, Brendan T. Knickle

Structural Engineering Masters Projects

The work conducted for this project involves an experimental assessment of the Massachusetts Department of Transportation’s (MassDOT) existing procedure for determining the resistance of a corroded steel girder end when load rating a bridge. Three steel girders with significant corrosion developed over a 79-year service life were obtained from a recently rehabilitated bridge and loaded to determine the girders corroded resistance. A testing rig was designed in the UMass Amherst Brack Structural Testing Laboratory to both apply a shear dominated load to the corroded girder and withstand the developed lateral loads throughout the analysis. Reaction force data obtained from the …

Computational Simulation Of Eccentrically Loaded Circular Thin-Walled Concrete-Filled Double Steel Tubular Slender Columns, Mizan Ahmed, Qing Liang, Vipulkumar Patel, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The concrete confinement provided by the circular steel tubes improves the performance of circular concretefilled double steel tubular (CFDST) columns, which have increasingly been employed as high-performance structural members in tall buildings. This paper presents computational and design models for the simulation and design of high strength CFDST slender columns composed of circular thin-walled sections that are eccentrically loaded. The formulation of the computational model is described, which takes into account the influences of concrete confinement, geometric imperfection, second-order, gradual plasticity of steel, and geometric and material nonlinearities. The inverse quadratic method is implemented in computational algorithms which solve the …

Novel Water-Based Nanolubricant With Superior Tribological Performance In Hot Steel Rolling, Hui Wu, Fanghui Jia, Zhou Li, Fei Lin, Mingshuai Huo, Shuiquan Huang, Sepidar Sayyar, Sihai Jiao, Han Huang, Zhengyi Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

No abstract provided.

Experimental And Numerical Investigations Of Eccentrically Loaded Rectangular Concrete-Filled Double Steel Tubular Columns, Mizen Ahmed, Qing Quan Liang, Vipulkumar I. Patel, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Rectangular concrete-filled double steel tubular (CFDST) columns have increasingly been utilized in high-rise buildings to support heavy loads. However, the responses of eccentrically loaded rectangular CFDST short columns have rarely been studied. This paper reports experimental and numerical investigations into the behavior of rectangular thin-walled short CFDST columns composed of a rectangular inner steel tube loaded eccentrically. Tests on rectangular and square CFDST short columns under eccentric loading and axial loading were carried out to examine their responses to various design parameters, including the cross-sectional dimensions, loading eccentricity, and width-to-thickness ratios of the external and internal tubes. The experimental program …

Inclusion Control In Steel Castings, Koushik Karthikeyan Balasubramanian

Masters Theses

“Non-metallic inclusions are mainly comprised of oxides, sulfides, and nitrides, and are formed in liquid steel during the melting and refining process, as a result of reoxidation, worn-out refractories, or entrained slag. The notch toughness of high strength steels is particularly susceptible to the type, number, size, and distribution of non-metallic inclusions. High manganese and aluminum austenitic steels, or Fe-Mn-Al steels, have gained much interest in the military and automotive sector because of their excellent combinations of high strength and toughness. However, these steels are subject to both oxide bifilms and aluminum nitride, AlN, inclusions which form during melting and …

Steel Bridge Truss Analysis, Alastair Seed

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The purpose of this project is to conduct a study comparing the effectiveness of different cross frame orientations in lowering the deflection of the main stringers of a bridge. Three different orientations of cross frames were researched; vertical, angled with the superstructure webbing, and halfway-angled. All of these were studied when the stringers were placed directly under the superstructure and when the superstructure was placed outside of the stringers. Analysis was performed in a program called SAP 2000 to find the deflections along the stringers under different loading conditions. The results showed that when the superstructure was oriented over the …

Nonlinear Analysis Of Square Concrete-Filled Double Steel Tubular Slender Columns Incorporating Preload Effects, Mizan Ahmed, Qing Quan Liang, Vipulkumar I. Patel, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Thin-walled square and circular hollow steel tubes are designed to support the permanent and construction loads of several upper composite floors before filling the concrete into the tubes to form concrete-filled double steel tubular (CFDST) columns. The influences of preloads acting on the steel tubes on the structural responses of slender square CFDST columns have not been investigated either experimentally or numerically. This paper presents a fiber-based computational model for the determination of the interaction behavior of local and global buckling in axially and eccentrically loaded CFDST thin-walled square slender columns including preload effects. The computational modeling method accounts for …

Removal Of Non-Metallic Inclusions From Molten Steel By Ceramic Foam Filtration, Soumava Chakraborty

Doctoral Dissertations

”Ceramic filters are routinely used in steel foundries to remove non-metallic inclusions from steel melt. Removal efficiency for both solid and liquid inclusions by magnesia-stabilized zirconia foam filters (10ppi) were evaluated and distribution of the captured inclusions through the filter thickness was also investigated. A mold design was developed using a commercial computational fluid dynamics software package to produce two castings that fill simultaneously, one with a filter and the other without a filter, from a single ladle pour, while also matching the fill rates and avoid turbulence and reoxidation during pouring. An industrial-scale experiment was also performed to investigate …

Galvanic Corrosion In Aluminum/Steel Joints, Maegan Saul

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

As car manufacturers seek to use lighter weight materials, aluminum is being more commonly used in the construction of vehicles. However, the strength of steel cannot be matched and both metals are necessary, leading to the joining of dissimilar metals. This connection of different metals leads to a galvanic coupling and subsequent corrosion of the less noble metal. This project aims to observe the corrosion and galvanic coupling behavior of aluminum alloys and carbon steel so that a model may be produced which can accurately predict the expected responses of the metals in various environments. Better, more accurate modeling of …

Characterization And Modeling Of The Martensite Transformation In Advanced High-Strength Steels, Stephen Roy Cluff

Theses and Dissertations

Multiple studies on the microstructures of advanced high-strength steels are presented here that seek to add to the already substantial body of knowledge on martensite in steel. These studies seek to gain additional insight into the role that the martensite transformation has on the observed mechanical properties of modern steels. Crystallographic Reconstruction of Parent Austenite Twin Boundaries in a Lath Martensitic Steel The study of post-transformation microstructures and their properties can be greatly enhanced by studying their dependence on the grain boundary content of parent microstructures. Recent work has extended the crystallographic reconstruction of parent austenite in steels to include …

Identification Of Bridges With Fracture-Prone Details, Theodore Hopwood Ii, Rick Younce, Sudhir Palle

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Welded steel girder bridges can contain details that can high welding and service stresses and are termed constraintinduced fractures (CIF). The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet has steel bridges with weld details known to cause CIFs whose girders have experienced fracture events. The Cabinet’s bridge inventory was reviewed and additional candidate bridges with potential CIF details were identified. A review of bridge plans and pictures along with followup field investigations pinpointed bridges with CIF details that warrant up-close (i.e., arm’s length) inspections. Several uninspected bridges were identified as candidates for inspection to determine if they contain CIF details. Guidance is provided to …

Experimental Calibration Of Centrally Loaded Built-Up Battened Compression Members, Ghada El-Mahdy Ph.D., P.Eng.

Civil Engineering

There is a large diversity in the requirements for designing built-up compression members between international design codes. Most codes, including the North American standards and specifications specify the use of an equivalent or modified slenderness ratio. In general, all North American standards and specifications agree on the need of using a modified slenderness ratio, but differ in the factor used to multiply the local slenderness ratio. Theoretically it is difficult to estimate the exact value of this factor, and using experimental methods does not capture the exact value of this factor either. Hence, a different approach is needed to determine …

Steel Test Set-Up For Non-Ductile Concrete Shear Walls, Colin S. Ridgley

Architectural Engineering

The purpose of this project was to provide a robust test set-up for the thesis work being conducted by graduate students, Jerry Luong & Rory de Sevilla. Their research aims to evaluate the feasibility of using fiber-reinforced polymer wraps and splay anchors to retrofit non-ductile concrete shear walls through a series of tests on reinforced concrete walls.

Four key constraints governed the design of the test set-up. First, the wall can be cyclically, laterally loaded to develop data for comparison with theoretical analysis methods. Second, the wall can be axially loaded to simulate interaction effects and prevent a sliding failure …

Development Of A Mechanical Device For Measuring Connection Rotations During Seismic Loading, Garrett Tatum

Civil Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

This engineering design project sought to design a cheap and easy-to-use sensor to monitor seismic connection rotations in steel buildings during earthquakes by using a linear ratchet mechanism. The idea for the project goes against the mainstream of research that is seeking to develop complex digital networks for monitoring structures in earthquake regions. Whereas many modern sensor networks require high-cost, professionally maintained digital networks, an analog sensor could provide much of the same information at a fraction of the cost, allowing sensors to be more widely utilized, particularly in developing countries. This project required an iterative engineering design process to …

2019 Student Steel Bridge Team, Kourtney Arena, Andrew Biglin, Brett Palmer, Nathaniel Maute, Kenneth Reiser, Jacob Dicks, Paul Kowaleski

STEM Student Research Symposium Posters

Every year AISC runs a regional and national steel bridge competition. The competition offers a chance for civil engineering students to gain valuable experience designing a bridge. In addition to this, mechanical engineering students are provided the opportunity to practice machining steel parts. For the competition, teams from participating schools are given a scenario with certain constraints to design a bridge for. At the competition, the bridges are ranked based on weight, structural efficiency, construction economy, assembly speed, deflection, aesthetics, and overall performance.

The program Risa 3D was used in order to design and perform analysis on the bridge. Using …

Direct Patterning Of Nature-Inspired Surfaces For Biointerfacial Applications, Feyza Dundar

Doctoral Dissertations

There are three major challenges for the design of patterned surfaces for biointerfacial applications: (i) durability of antibacterial/antifouling mechanisms, (ii) mechanical durability, and (iii) lifetime of the master mold for mass production of patterned surfaces. In this dissertation, we describe our contribution for the development of each of these challenges. The bioinspired surface, Sharklet AF^TM, has been shown to reduce bacterial attachment via a biocide-free structure-property relationship effectively. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of polymer-based sharkskin surfaces is challenged over the long term by both eventual bacteria accumulation and a lack of mechanical durability. To address these common modes of …

Effects Of Steel Type And Sandblasting Pretreatment On The Solid-Liquid Compound Casting Characteristics Of Zinc-Coated Steel/Aluminum Bimetals, Jesik Shin, Taehyeong Kim, Kyoungmook Lim, Hoon Cho, Daeho Yang, Changyeol Jeong, Sung Yi

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Effects of zinc-coated steel type and steel surface sandblasting pretreatment in the solid-liquid compound casting of layered type steel/aluminum bimetals were investigated. The Zn coating behavior and its effects on interfacial microstructure evolution and fracture mechanism were also discussed. The aluminum fluidity in thin plate type flow channels formed by the steel insert and the mold wall primarily depended on the insert surface roughness and secondarily on the wettability. As-galvanized (GI) steel/aluminum bimetal joints showed the bonding strength of 20 MPa and more, while galvannealed (GA) steels showed poor bonding. The interfacial bonding zone consisted of most Al13Fe4, Al8Fe2Si, Al4.5FeSi …

Local-Global Interaction Buckling Of Square High Strength Concrete-Filled Double Steel Tubular Slender Beam-Columns, Mizen Ahmed, Qing Quan Liang, Vipulkumar I. Patel, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

High-strength square concrete-filled double steel tubular (CFDST) slender beam-columns with a circular internal steel tube subjected to eccentric loads may undergo interaction local-global buckling. No computational studies on the interaction local-global buckling of slender square CFDST beam-columns have been reported and their behavior has not been fully understood. This paper describes a mathematical model for the simulation of the interaction local-global buckling behavior of square high-strength CFDST slender beam-columns under axial compression in combination with uniaxial bending. The mathematical model is formulated by the fiber approach, accounting for confinement provided by the internal circular steel tube, and geometric and material …

Numerical Analysis Of Axially Loaded Rectangular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Short Columns At Elevated Temperatures, Ghanim Mohammed Kamil, Qing Quan Liang, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Elevated temperatures significantly reduce the local buckling strengths of steel tubes and the ultimate strengths of rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns exposed to fire. No fiber-based models have been developed that include local buckling effects on the fire-resistance of rectangular CFST columns. This paper presents a new fiber element model for the fire-resistance predictions of axially loaded rectangular CFST short columns at elevated temperatures considering local buckling. The thermal analysis problem of a CFST column is solved by the finite difference method to determine the temperature distribution within its cross-section including an air gap, concrete moisture content and the …

Fiber Element Simulation Of Interaction Behavior Of Local And Global Buckling In Axially Loaded Rectangular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Slender Columns Under Fire Exposure, Ghanim Mohammed Kamil, Qing Quan Liang, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Slender rectangular thin-walled concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns in composite building structures exposed to fire may experience the interaction of local and global buckling. Numerical investigations on the interaction buckling responses of such columns under fire exposure have been rarely reported. This paper describes a fiber-based computational model for the prediction of the fire-resistance and interaction responses of local and global buckling of concentrically-loaded slender CFST columns made of rectangular sections exposed to fire. The thermal analysis is undertaken to calculate the distribution of temperatures in the column cross-section considering the effects of the air gap between concrete and steel, …

Nonlinear Post-Fire Simulation Of Concentrically Loaded Rectangular Thin-Walled Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Short Columns Accounting For Progressive Local Buckling, Ghanim Mohammed Kamil, Qing Quan Liang, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The repair of fire-damaged thin-walled rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns in engineering structures after fire exposure requires the assessment of their residual strength and stiffness. Existing numerical models have not accounted for the effects of local buckling on the post-fire behavior of CFST columns with rectangular thin-walled sections. This paper describes a nonlinear post-fire simulation technique underlying the theory of fiber analysis for determining the residual strengths and post-fire responses of concentrically loaded short thin-walled rectangular CFST columns accounting for progressive local buckling. The post-fire stress-strain laws for concrete in rectangular CFST columns are proposed based on available test …

Behavior Of Eccentrically Loaded Double Circular Steel Tubular Short Columns Filled With Concrete, Mizen Ahmed, Qing Quan Liang, Vipulkumar I. Patel, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Circular concrete-filled double steel tubular (CFDST) columns in high-rise building structures possess high ductility and strength performance owing to the concrete confinement exerted by the external and internal circular steel tubes. However, the behavior of circular CFDST short columns that are loaded eccentrically has not been investigated either experimentally or numerically. Particularly, numerical studies on the moment-curvature responses, strength envelopes, confinement effects and moment distributions in circular CFDST beam-columns have not been reported. In this paper, experimental and computational investigations into the structural responses of circular CFDST short columns loaded eccentrically are presented. Nineteen short circular CFDST columns with various …

Adhesion Of Bituminous And Cementitious Materials Using Particle-Probe Scanning Force Microscopy, Yujie Li

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

As the most important materials in civil engineering, bituminous and cementitious materials have been used widely in pavements and constructions for many years. Accurate determination of adhesion is important to the bonding properties of bituminous and cementitious materials. In this work, we presented a novel approach to measure the adhesion between binders and aggregate mineral particles at microscopic scale.

Particle probe scanning force microscopes (SFM) were used to study the adhesion between mineral microspheres representing the primary aggregate constituents (Al2O3, SiO2 and CaCO3) and various control (PG 64-22 and PG 58-22) and modified binders. Results showed that these modified SFM …

Numerical Analysis Of Axially Loaded Circular High Strength Concrete-Filled Double Steel Tubular Short Columns, Mizen Ahmed, Qing Quan Liang, Vipulkumar I. Patel, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Circular high-strength concrete-filled double steel tubular (CFDST) columns are high performance members where the internal and external steel tubes offer significant confinement to the concrete infill. The confinement remarkably improves the concrete compressive strength and ductility. However, no fiber element models have been formulated for computing the responses of CFDST columns with circular steel tubes filled with high-strength concrete incorporating accurate confinement to the core and sandwiched concrete. In this paper, a new fiber-based numerical model is developed that computes the axial load-strain responses of circular high-strength CFDST short columns under axial loading. Based on existing experimental results, a new …

Axial-Flexural Interaction Diagram Of Rpc Columns Reinforced With Steel Fibres, Ahmed Al-Tikrite, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper presents analytical modelling of the axial-flexural behaviour of Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) columns reinforced with and without steel fibres of different types (industrial and waste) in individual and hybrid forms. An analytical stress-strain model for unconfined RPC was used for the analysis of the axial loads and bending moments of the fibrous RPC columns. The layer-by-layer numerical integration method was used to calculate the axial load and bending moments in this study. The analytically developed axial load-bending moment ( P-M ) interaction diagrams were validated by using experimental results from the literature. A para- metric study was carried …