Engineering Commons^™

Quantum-Powered Battery Scheduling In Modern Distribution Grids, Diba Ehsani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The rising need for exploiting a novel and evolved computation is an increasing concern in the power distribution system to address the exponential growth of distribution-connected devices. Scheduling numerous battery energy storage systems in an optimal way is one of the emerging challenges that will be more noticeable as the number of batteries, including residential, community, and vehicle batteries, increases in the grid. This thesis focuses on this topic and offers a necessary component in building the quantum-compatible distribution system of the future. Using a constrained quadratic model (CQM) on D-Wave’s hybrid solver as well as a binary quadratic model …

Uas-Guided Electric And Magnetic Field Data Distribution Across Transmission Lines, Tanzim Jim Hassan, Jamison Jangula, Akshay Ram Ramchandra, Prashanth Rajagopalan, Prakash Ranganathan, Ryan Adams

Graduate Research Achievement Day Posters

This poster discusses an electric (E) and magnetic (H) field data gathering process across a series of High Voltage (HV) transmission lines. Data was collected from one DC and four AC Transmission (Tx) lines. Multiple DJI UAV (M2EA, M30, and M300) were used to collect E/H field measurements with an onboard set-up. These measurements included parameters such as E field in V/m, H field in mG, Battery voltage in V, Battery current A, Battery percentage in %, Battery Temperature in F, and latitude and longitude. The preliminary findings indicate that distance and sensor orientation affect E/H field distribution.

Characteristics Of Sodium Lithium Titanate Synthesized At Different Solid-State Reaction Temperature For Lithium-Ion Battery Anode, Ilham Nur Dimas Yahya, Nofrijon Sofyan, Deni Shidqi Khaerudini, Gerald Ensang Timuda, Slamet Priyono

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

The effect of sintering temperature on the characteristics of sodium lithium titanate (NaLiTi₃O₇/NaLTO) synthesized at different solid-state reaction temperature and its performance as lithium-ion battery anode has been investigated. The precursors for the synthesis consisted of LiOH.H₂O, TiO₂, and NaHCO₃. The synthesis was performed via solid-state reaction method. The precursors were mixed and sintered at variation temperatures of 900^oC, 1000^oC, and 1100^oC for 2 hours under atmosphere condition. The final product was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size analyzer (PSA). The XRD …

Battery Hardware Simulator, Kian N. Orang, Marcelo Garcia

Electrical Engineering

This project aims to develop a battery hardware simulator, which will serve as a tool for studying microgrids. The primary objective is to create a simulation system that can emulate various battery technologies that are used in microgrids, including lithium-ion and lead acid. By utilizing this battery simulator, Cal Poly students can safely test battery management systems and battery-sensitive electronics without the inherent risks associated with real batteries. Our project implemented this design with a 4-quadrant programmable power supply (ITECH) connected to an AP Systems grid tied inverter. The power supply acts as the battery which can receive or supply …

Prove Primary Battery Structure, John D. Burkhart, Andy Mccormick, Ryan Yu, Soren Barclay

Mechanical Engineering

In conjunction with Prototype Vehicle (PROVE) Laboratory, our group designed, manufactured, and tested a prototype structure to house the battery boxes for PROVE’s endurance vehicle. Our structure was designed to support the batteries during normal use, and in the event of a front crash. Our design is comprised of a secondary composite box to house the battery boxes, a bottom plate to affix the secondary box to the chassis floor, a horizontal plate fastened to the chassis, and a brace structure welded to the chassis. From the outset, we chose to use a secondary box, the primary battery boxes must …

Rapid Composter, Shannon Shinozaki, Avin Atencio, Jonathan Fraser, Lukas Kolbl, Russell Occhipinti

Mechanical Engineering

This project was created with the intent of automatically composting equine bio waste to be reused as plant fertilizer. The system consists of four subsystems: power generation and storage, automatic controls, aeration, and structure. Each subsystem may be manufactured independently, then put together. This system will not have access to power outlets, so it was designed to be solar-powered.

A Screening Tool For The Implementation Of Electric And Thermal Energy Storage Systems At Commercial And Industrial Facilities, Mckenna P. Amerson

Theses and Dissertations

The integration of on-site renewable systems with energy storage devices is an important topic in improving energy management for commercial buildings and industrial facilities. Energy storage technologies have the ability to impact the end user’s power reliability while creating measurable energy and cost savings. However, the potential yet remains to increase the application of these systems. To determine the feasibility of renewables and energy storage in commercial and industrial applications, a pre-screening software tool is developed using data-driven algorithms to complete an energy, cost, and carbon savings analysis of storage implementation. A case study of a standalone retail building is …

Examination Of Hypothetical Transportation Accidents For Transportable Nuclear Power Plants, Richard Louis Calvin

Masters Theses

The reintroduction of Transportable Nuclear Power Plants (TNPPs) opens the doors for potential accidents which have not been previously considered under current licensing standards. TNPPs transported via truck, rail, aircraft, or boat may be involved in various hypothetical transportation accidents. 10 CFR 71, Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Material, regulatorily addresses various accident scenarios. However, when applying logistics and design constraints alternative methods to license and transport these TNPPs will be required. These alternative methods require the use of Probabilistic Risk Assessments, modeling of accident scenarios, and experimental data to demonstrate an equivalent level of safety to 10 CFR 71. …

Model-Based Evaluation Of Energy Systems For Multirotor Uav Based On Batteries And Fuel Cells, Mika Suwe, Martje Eigenseer, Claudia Werner

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

In this study, two multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) energy systems are comparatively evaluated via a modelling process, namely a battery electric system and a hybrid fuel cell and battery system. Technical, economic, and ecological evaluation parameters are considered. The evaluation is performed on three different mission types: a 10 km delivery mission, a 3000 m2 facade inspection, and a nine-minute drone show, to represent the transport, monitoring, and event sectors. Results are calculated via a modelling process first simulating the required power profiles for each mission and then simulating both energy systems’ operational behavior during each mission. The resulting …

Development Of Battery Materials To Function As Corrosion Protection On Car Body Plates, Tubagus Noor Rohmannudin, Sulistijono Sulistijono, Noval Adrinanda, Faridz Wira Dharma, Samuel Areliano

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Most car bodies made for mass production are made from steel or aluminum. Both are strong metals, but steel is cheaper than aluminum and is more commonly used in lower-end cars for a broader consumer range. The weakness of steel compared to aluminum is that it is susceptible to corrosion under certain conditions, and thus it may deteriorate over time without proper care. To prevent corrosion, modern cars are coated with paint to prevent direct contact with the environment. As a second line of protection, a car battery can be connected to the body to create an impressed current cathodic …

Optimizing Battery Performance: Investigating The Long-Term Impacts Of Bidirectional Battery Management Systems On Battery Cells, Drue Nathaniel Haskins

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

With the increased use of batteries in everyday life, it is crucial to have a robust and reliable battery system that can continue to power our devices. This paper will investigate the reliability, impact on the batteries, and functionality of the bidirectional battery management system (BMS). The design uses two bidirectional switches for each cell, one in series with the cell and one in parallel with the other bidirectional switch and cell. This will allow the cell to be taken in and out of the circuit for any reason determined by the BMS. Taking the battery in and out of …

Technical And Economic Feasibility Of A Microgrid For A Fire Station In Humboldt County, California., Nishaant Kumar Sinha

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Microgrids are emerging as a promising solution to unreliable grid energy. Today, California is not only witnessing grid resiliency challenges from natural disasters such as wildfires, earthquakes, floods and heatwaves, but it is also seeking to green the grid and bring more renewables online. For example, Humboldt County, where this project is focused, has recently experienced an earthquake of 6.4M (on December 22nd, 2022), which shut down the regional grid for ~20 hours.

Microgrid adoption enables critical facilities to operate seamlessly. The Humboldt Bay Fire Station (HBFS) No.1 is one such example, where first responders work to protect citizens against …

Estimating Battery Size Requirements For Tractor Electrification Of Row-Crop Planting Operations, Cheetown Liew, Andrew Donesky, Mark Freyhof, Ian Tempelmeyer, Santosh Kumar Pitla

Department of Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications

Power sources such as batteries, used for both on-road and off-road vehicles, are advancing at a rapid pace. Electric batteries are becoming more power dense, thus allowing them to be used as a power source to replace previous diesel or gasoline-powered systems. Efforts are underway to transition off-road agricultural vehicles from Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs); however, the energy requirements of typical agricultural field operations need to be fully understood before such a transition can occur. Theoretical prediction equations available in the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) standards or the use of engine …

Which Factor Dominates Battery Performance: Metal Ion Solvation Structure-Derived Interfacial Behavior Or Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer?, Hao-Ran Cheng, Zheng Ma, Ying-Jun Guo, Chun-Sheng Sun, Qian Li, Jun Ming

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer formed on the electrode by electrolyte decomposition has been considered to be one of the most important factors affecting the battery performance. We discover that the metal ion solvation structure can also influence the performance, particularly, it can elucidate many phenomena that the SEI cannot. In this review, we summarize the importance of the metal ion solvation structure and the derived metal ion de-solvation behaviors, by which we can build an interfacial model to show the relationship between the interfacial behavior and electrode performance, and then apply to different electrode and battery systems. We emphasize the …

Low Cost And Reliable Wireless Sensor Networks For Environmental Monitoring, Sonia Naderi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis utilizes wireless sensor network systems to learn of changes in wireless network performance and environment, establishing power efficient systems that are low cost and are able to perform large scale monitoring. The proposed system was built at the University of Maine’s Wireless Sensor Networks (WiSe-Net) laboratory in collaboration with University of New Hampshire and University of Vermont researchers. The system was configured to perform soil moisture measurement with provision to include other sensor types at later stages in collaboration with Alabama A & M University. In the research associated with this thesis, a general relay energy assisted scenario …

Power Management Strategy Of A Pem Fuel Cell-Battery Powered Electric Vehicle, Susanta K. Das, Jinsu Kim

Mechanical Engineering Publications

A MATLAB-Simulink based mathematical vehicle simulation model is developed in this investigation to analyze power management strategy of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell and battery powered electric vehicle. The vehicle simulation model incorporated a real- world commercial passenger vehicle operator’s drive cycle inputs and associated vehicle dynamics to determine accurate estimation of total onboard power requirements and withdrawal of power from the fuel cell and battery sources to meet the demand. The power management strategy is designed to meet the vehicle’s onboard power demand based on the availability of hybrid combi-nation of fuel cell and battery power sources. …

New Solid Polymer Electrolytes For Lithium, Sodium, And Calcium-Based Batteries, Francielli Silva Genier

Dissertations - ALL

The establishment of sustainable energy sources highly depends on efficient storage devices to guarantee a consistent power supply. The growing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for this purpose, combined with concerns about lithium availability, has motivated the search for viable storage alternatives, such as sodium and calcium. While several studies have investigated different lithium-free liquid electrolytes, the transport of these alternative ions in their polymer counterparts remains understudied. The advantages of solid polymer electrolytes include the possibility of higher energy density in solid-state devices and the elimination of safety concerns associated with liquid electrolytes, such as flammability, leakage, and dendrite …

Potential Of Grid-Scale Pv And Storage Facilities To Participate In Capacity Markets, Nicholas Giovannetti

Theses and Dissertations

The recent FERC Order 841 has provided an opportunity for grid-scale PV and battery facilities to participate in the capacity market providing ancillary services. Order 841 combined with steadily decreasing PVand battery costs and increasing demand for renewable energy, gives high potential for a PV and battery facility to be economically viable. In this study, an analysis tool is developed as an auxiliary to the PV + Storage + Control + Grid (PSCG) simulation to estimate the megawatts (MW) of dispatchable capacity that can be reliably offered by a PV and storage facility. Limits are based on grid connection, power …

Model Predictive Control For Grid Scale Pv And Battery, Sahithi Chatradi

Theses and Dissertations

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a control technique that uses prediction data to optimize costs over a given predictive horizon. There are many papers that use this technique to optimize cost in a substantially loaded microgrid, but these techniques are not feasible for utility-scale PV+Storage facility. In this study, MPC is used to optimize the cost for a utility-scale PV+Storage facility, by adding a factor of a possible curtailment. The thesis also presents the various factors that the MPC has in that utility size grid. These factors include line losses, net yield, and curtailment.

Parameter Estimation And Charge Control In Standalone And Grid-Tied Batteries, Asadullah Khalid

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Energy storage systems are the critical components enabling an electrified future ranging from electric vehicles (EVs) to microgrid (MG) applications. With the advancements in these applications, the operational dynamics of electrochemical energy storage such as Lithium-ion batteries need to be analyzed from the lifecycle impact, cybersecurity, balancing requirements, and prognostics perspectives. These operations enable the interconnected systems to be secure, efficient, and self-adaptive while reducing greenhouse emissions.

This research aims to develop threefold solutions. The first objective of this dissertation is to analyze lifecycle impact, quantify the interconnection requirements of battery energy storage systems, and evaluate cybersecurity frameworks for battery …

Power Management In Hybrid Anfis Pid Based Ac–Dc Microgrids With Eho Based Cost Optimized Droop Control Strategy, T. Narasimha Prasad, S. Devakirubakaran, S. Muthubalaji, S. Srinivasan, B. Karthikeyan, R. Palanisamy, Mohit Bajaj, Hossam Zawbaa, Salah Kamel

Articles

One of the most critical operations aspects is power management strategies for hybrid AC/DC microgrids. This work presented power management in hybrid AC–DC microgrids with a droop control strategy. At first, photovoltaic, Wind, and battery are used as the power sources, which supply the power with uncertainties. The AC and DC microgrids are controlled by an Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) controller and Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller. Simultaneously we calculate the running cost for photovoltaic, Wind, and Battery. Moreover, an optimizer based on the elephant herding optimization algorithm is formulated to reduce the cost price. This method utilizes two …

Development Of A Multi-Scale Mechano-Electrochemical Battery Model, Drew J. Pereira

Theses and Dissertations

As the automotive industry moves towards large format electric vehicles, such as trucks and SUVs, the need for highly efficient, energy-dense electrodes rapidly increases. Several promising active materials have been studied and proposed, however, many of these materials undergo significant volume change upon lithiation and de-lithiation. Cell and pack designers struggle to understand and predict how active material volume change at the particle scale will affect mechano-electrochemical behavior on the electrode, cell, and pack scales. Additionally, many of these active materials suffer in their cycle life due to a mechanically-driven degradation of the electrode matrix. Therefore, the focus of this …

Control Of Series Connected Battery Powered Modules, Joshua K. Wooten

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Batteries are a very common type of power source used for all sorts of applications. However, these batteries do not last forever. The purpose of this thesis is to explain and implement a strategy which allows batteries to have a second life; to be able to be re-charged and re-used for another set period of time once they no longer meet a system’s requirements. The preferable way to do this is to make each cell have the same state of charge (SOC) which will lead to a longer lasting battery pack. These batteries will be hooked up to a battery …

A Holistic Analysis Of Energy Storage Systems Applied To Single-Family Residences In California, David Anthony Russian

Construction Management

The technology this paper focuses on is energy storage systems applied to single-family residences in California. This relatively new technology consists of a stationary battery that is connected to a power source, most notably photovoltaic panels on the roof. The holistic nature of this research paper is meant to incorporate the principle aspects surrounding the current state and affordability of these systems such as the type of batteries used, government incentives, the predominant benefits, and emerging trends that will dictate the future of these systems. The information was gathered by conducting an extensive literature review and interviewing ten energy storage …

Next Generation Energy Storage: An Examination Of Lignin-Based Carbon Composite Anodes For Sodium Ion Batteries Through Modeling And Simulation, Dayton G. Kizzire

Doctoral Dissertations

The current energy market relies heavily on fossil fuel sources; however, we are amidst a momentous shift towards wind, solar, and water based renewable energies. Large-scale energy storage allows renewable energy to be stored and supply the grid with consistent energy despite changing weather conditions. Improvements to large-scale energy storage in terms of cost, safety, and sustainability are crucial to wide-scale adoption. A promising candidate for large-scale energy storage are sodium-ion batteries using hard carbon anodes. Sodium is globally available, cheaper, and more sustainable than lithium, but requires a different anode structure. A sustainable hard carbon anode with excellent Li-ion …

Nitro Group Reduction For Use In Organic, Cathodic Materials, Brock G. Goeden

Honors Thesis

The industrial demand for higher capacity, light-weight battery materials has skyrocketed in recent years due to heavy investments in portable electronics, electronic vehicles, and renewable energy sources. However, rechargeable battery technology has seen little improvement since the invention of the Lithium-Ion battery in the 1980s. The low energy density of the traditionally utilized LiCoO2 cathodic material (specific capacity: 272 mAh g-1), has limited its potential to meet these increasing demands. To solve this problem, our research group is investigating new types of lightweight, organic, polymeric materials with conductive backbones as a possible replacement for the cathodic materials in Lithium-Ion batteries. …

Mitigating Corrosion And Enhancing Energy Density Of Zinc-Based Anodes In Primary And Secondary Aqueous Batteries, Ehsan Faegh

Theses and Dissertations

Today Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are the most-emphasized battery technology among the many different battery systems in the market. However, due to their high cost (especially for electric vehicle applications), flammability and toxicity, the development of inexpensive and safer alternative battery chemistries has been the focus of a significant amount of recent research. Among various battery chemistries, Aluminum-based (Al-based) and Zinc-based (Zn-based) batteries have been touted as promising options to compete with Li-ion batteries. However, the practical realization of Al battery chemistries has been difficult over a long period of time (170 years) due to a number of fundamental and intrinsic …

The Use Of Supercapacitors To Stabilize The Power Supply System Of The Base Station Of Mobile Communication, Dilmurod Abdujalilovich Davronbekov, Utkir Karimovich Matyokubov

Scientific-technical journal

In this study, an analysis of the current status and available outages of the mobile communication base station power supply system was performed. The effects of these outages on the power supply system have been studied and it has been shown that batteries may not be an ideal solution as a backup source. Also, the issue of the introduction of renewable energy sources in the base station power supply system of the mobile communication system and its shortcomings are mentioned. In order to overcome these problems and stabilize the power changes in the battery auxiliary element and the power supply …

The Use Of Supercapacitors To Stabilize The Power Supply System Of The Base Station Of Mobile Communication, Dilmurod Abdujalilovich Davronbekov, Utkir Karimovich Matyokubov

Scientific-technical journal

In this study, an analysis of the current status and available outages of the mobile communication base station power supply system was performed. The effects of these outages on the power supply system have been studied and it has been shown that batteries may not be an ideal solution as a backup source. Also, the issue of the introduction of renewable energy sources in the base station power supply system of the mobile communication system and its shortcomings are mentioned. In order to overcome these problems and stabilize the power changes in the battery auxiliary element and the power supply …

Development Of Phosphorus-Based Electrode Materials For Energy Storage Applications, Amin Rabiei Baboukani

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With the rapid development of modern society, the huge demand for energy storage systems from fossil fuels leads to dramatic increasing of greenhouse gases. Therefore, an efficient green energy storage system with high energy density and stable cyclability is urgently required for advanced electronics. The electrochemical performance of energy storage devices strongly depends on the electrode materials. Among the recent advances on electrode materials, phosphorus as an earth-abundant element with high theoretical specific capacity (2596 mAhg^-1) and low cost has attracted intensive attention. From different allotropes of phosphorus, red phosphorus (RP) and black phosphorus (BP) show promising electrochemical …