Engineering Commons^™

Nanomagnet Based Straintronic Devices For Unconventional Computing: Simulation And Performance Analysis, Rahnuma Rahman

Theses and Dissertations

Nanomagnetic devices are of great interest in digital hardware because of their non-volatility and dynamic ability to change magnetization but suffer from high switching error rates and temperature sensitivity. Magnetostrictive nanomagnets that utilize strain to switch between stable magnetization states encoding bit information are of interest since they are extremely energy efficient as piezoelectric layers can be used to rotate magnetization that have switching energies in the range of attojoules. Their stochasticity can also be useful in probabilistic, analog, neuromorphic, and collective computing systems, where occasional switching errors are not devastating. The dissertation extends spintronics beyond conventional computing schemes by …

Fused Filament Fabrication Additive Manufacturing Of 17-4 Ph Stainless Steel: Process–Structure–Property Relationships In Magnetic Materials, Maanav Patel

Theses and Dissertations

Additive manufacturing (AM) enables the fabrication of complex metallic components through layer-by-layer processing directly from digital models. Among AM techniques, material extrusion–based processes such as fused filament fabrication (FFF) provide an accessible method for producing metal parts using filament feedstocks composed of metal powders and polymer binders. When applied to precipitation-hardening stainless steels such as 17-4 PH, the processing route and heat treatments can influence the resulting microstructure and functional properties. This work investigates the magnetic behavior of 17-4 PH stainless steel fabricated using FFF and evaluates how heat treatment conditions influence measured magnetic properties. Samples were produced and analyzed …

Multi-Level Energy Optimization For Connected And Automated Vehicles: From Cooperative Multi-Vehicle Control To Individual Powertrain Management, Pruthwiraj Santhosh

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The transportation sector currently accounts for nearly 30% of global energy consumption, necessitating urgent advancements in vehicle efficiency to meet Net Zero targets. Leveraging connectivity and automation, this dissertation proposes and validates methodologies to reduce the energy consumption of light-duty vehicles at both fleet and individual levels.

First, a validation framework is developed to bridge the “simulation-to-real world” gap in Cooperative Automated Vehicle (CAV) research. Moving beyond virtual simulations, the study establishes a methodology for physically validating centralized control architectures via a custom Cellular V2X network. By synchronizing vehicle-powertrain models with physical test vehicles, the framework successfully orchestrates complex arterial …

Minimizing Snow Loss On Fixed Tilt Solar Pv Installations Through Frame Material Selection And Installation Layout, David B. Wallis

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

This thesis investigates the effects of frame material selection, module orientation and module gaps on photovoltaic energy production in a snowy environment. These factors are easily implemented in new PV installations at minimal or no extra cost. These experiments are installed as fixed tilt arrays at 35° with DC current, DC voltage, and meteorological monitoring. The frame material and module gap experiments both produced actionable results. In the frame material experiment, consistent event level energy production gains resulted in seasonal production gains favoring aluminum framed modules. In the module gap experiment energy gains are independent of atmospheric conditions. The orientation …

Comparison Of Fixed Tilt And Single Axis Tracking Solar Photovoltaics During Winter, Isobel R. Bowker

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

As solar projects are built in northern climates, it is necessary to understand how snow cover impacts power generation. While there are validated models that predict snow shedding for fixed tilt projects, there is not one for single axis tracking systems. This report aims to characterize the differences between fixed tilt and single axis tracking systems under the same snow conditions. Generation data was collected over four winter months for fixed tilt and tracking systems at Michigan Technological University. Models were created for both systems using weather information from the site, in which losses were set to zero to create …

Development Of Stronger, More Extrudable 6xxx Series Alloys For Automotive Applications, Eli A. Harma

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

6xxx alloys are widely used in automotive extrusion structures for their high specific strength and formability. Advanced designs require greater formability and strength, creating an opportunity for high-strength, formable alloys. The 6xxx series forms β”-Mg₅Si₆ precipitates during age hardening and develops a fibrous microstructure during extrusion, both strengthening the alloy. Increasing Mg and Si to form more β” decreases formability. Thus, modifying texture can increase strength without reducing formability. Current alloys like 6005A add Mn and Cr to form dispersoids that inhibit recrystallization and promote strengthening textures; however, high Mn and Cr concentrations reduce formability. Replacing Mn …

Experimental Rate Feedback Control Of A Model-Scale Hourglass-Shaped Heaving Point Absorber, James R. Halverson

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Buoy geometry greatly affects a point absorber wave energy converter's dynamic response to waves. Finding the optimal buoy shape and control method remains an open research area focused on maximizing the conversion of wave kinetic energy into electricity. This work presents an experimental comparison of closed-loop energy extraction between a cylindrical and a truncated cone buoy, both with the same submerged volume, across various wave frequencies and amplitudes. To ensure a fair comparison, the optimal rate feedback gain is calculated for each buoy at each wave condition. Multiple metrics, including power output, capture width, and actuator force, are used to …

The Excess Path Length Distribution: A Stochastic Model For Sample-Based Path Planners, Chaz B. Cornwall

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Through random sampling, sample-based path planners enable autonomous agents to quickly find paths without human intervention. However, due to the paths' randomness, sample-based path planners currently require additional verification, partially nullifying agents' ability to act autonomously. I set out to characterize this uncertainty so humans know what to expect from these path planners and know how to alter the path planner to desired specifications. To ensure the results are theoretical as well as practical, I first create a stochastic model of path length uncertainty using the trade-off between sampling time and optimality. By leveraging this model, my proposed algorithm reduces …

Shm For Incipient Buckling Detection In Overloaded Structures Using Nonlinear System Identification Algorithms On Redundant Data Sets, Padmanabh Shridhar Desai

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Structural health monitoring (SHM) detects and characterizes damage to predict failure, but failures such as buckling, which are not predicated on traditional damage modalities, are harder to detect. Direct load measurements are costly and difficult to implement (especially for dead loads) as they require copious numbers of sensors, which must be installed before loading is present. Vibration-based detection is a good alternative because it can infer global structural characteristics with relatively few sensors. This dissertation presents an SHM approach for detecting incipient buckling in structures under excessive loads based on non-linear models fit from measurements of small lateral vibrations due …

Potential Of Stamp Sands As Cemented Tailings, Samuel Sukaria

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Worldwide mine tailings ponds and reservoirs occupy some 534 billion m³ of space with the volume expected to increase as economic demand for minerals increases over the next decades. These reservoirs produce adverse effects on local communities and ecosystems through structural failure resulting in mass flooding events, drainage of pollutants into water supply and emissions of airborne particulate matter. Methods developed to find use for tailings include extraction of residual minerals and aggregates in construction materials. The latter method has already been used in mining operations to stabilize mining reservoirs and stopes, and as placement for temporary road work …

Computational And Ai Frameworks For Identifying Key Regulatory Genes And Their Target Genes In Plants And Humans, Md Khairul Islam

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

This dissertation presents computational and AI-driven frameworks for identifying key regulatory genes and their downstream targets across plant and human biological systems. Three studies address distinct challenges in genomic regulation using advanced machine learning and bioinformatics approaches.

The first study introduces DyGAF (Dynamic Gene Attention Focus), a dual-attention transformer framework that identifies and ranks disease-relevant biomarker genes by simultaneously modeling independent molecular responses and interdependent regulatory network behavior. Two attention models provide complementary perspectives on gene importance and are fused through a novel combination metric. Applied to COVID-19 nasopharyngeal swab profiles, the attention-weighted representations achieved 94.23% classification accuracy, high sensitivity, …

Modeling And Testing Chain Trencher Excavator And Cone Penetrometer Robotic Prospecting Systems For Lunar In-Situ Resource Utilization, Marcello C. Guadagno

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The Artemis Missions aim to establish a sustained human presence on the Moon, requiring In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) of water-ice deposits in permanently shadowed regions. Two critical capabilities must be developed to enable ISRU at scale: prospecting instruments that can characterize the spatial distribution and geotechnical properties of icy regolith in situ, and excavation systems that can extract hardened icy regolith efficiently. This dissertation addresses both needs through the development and testing of a Percussive Heated Cone Penetrometer (PHCP) for geotechnical prospecting and a chain trencher excavator for icy regolith mining.

The PHCP was developed across eight design iterations and …

Performance Analysis Of Sparse Neural Networks In Brain Abnormality Detection, Megan Danh

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Neuroimages have held the capability of revealing to medical professionals patterns for brain abnormalities since their development. However, more recently, these professionals and researchers are looking to use neural networks to identify these brain abnormalities through neuroimages for early detection that would allow more effective treatment. Neuroimage datasets, specifically functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), are extremely large in size. This would result in their processing and training to be computationally expensive, even with smaller neural networks. Fortunately, recent pruning methods have recently emerged, where network weights and neurons are pruned to reduce computational cost without compromising too much accuracy. By …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Glass-Ceramic Nanoparticles And Nanobubbles For Integration Into Bone Regenerative Biomaterials, Sun Latt

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Osteoporosis affects over 200 million individuals worldwide and is characterized by an imbalance between osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation, leading to fragility fractures that significantly diminish quality of life. Current clinical bone cements, such as poly(methyl methacrylate), are limited by poor osseointegration, toxic monomers, and an inability to address the underlying pathophysiology of osteoporosis. This work presents the synthesis, characterization, and systematic in vitro evaluation of a sol-gel-derived, magnesium-incorporated glass-ceramic (GC) nanoparticle within the CaO-MgO-SiO₂ system for incorporation into a novel hydrogel bone cement and bioresorbable magnesium implants. XRD confirmed a biphasic amorphous-crystalline diopside composition, and TEM …

Texels: A Programmable Textile Interface For Replicating Textures, Maya E. Eusebio

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Self-moving fabric interfaces have massive potential for applications in fields ranging from art to haptic feedback to deployable space structures. However, current systems of implementation face the impracticalities of bulkiness, burnout, and energy consumption on top of limiting designs that can only contract uniformly or create one pre-programmed shape. For this technology to bring the change that it promises, we must break the barriers of usability and sustainability to make it a practical choice. This thesis aims to develop a scalable model of fabric that designers, programmers, and anyone else can acquire or create with accessible materials, integrate into design …

Effects Of Hydrogen Enrichment And Premixing On Flame Stability In A High-Pressure Axial-Stage Combustor, Alexandre Fernandes C. Santiago Filho

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The addition of hydrogen to conventional fuels enhances reactivity and can increase the risk of flashback in premixed gas turbine combustors. This study investigates the effects of premixing length and hydrogen concentration on flame stability in a high-pressure axial-stage combustor. Experiments were conducted at the UCF Propulsion and Energy Research Laboratory using a two-stage configuration, where the primary stage provided a high-temperature vitiated crossflow using a hydrogen-piloted, premixed methane–air mixture, and hydrogen-enriched methane–air mixtures were injected through a concentric fuel-tube injector in the axial stage. Premixing length was varied for pure hydrogen flames, and hydrogen concentration was varied at a …

Vibration-Based Control Of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems, Ossyris N. Bury

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This thesis investigates vibration-based stability as a mechanism for achieving self-stabilizing nonlinear dynamic motion in engineered systems. Inspired by biological hovering flight, in which periodic wing motion can passively enhance stability, the study explores how controlled oscillations can be used to stabilize otherwise unstable mechanical configurations. The research centers on a simplified dynamic model based on the Kapitza pendulum, an inverted pendulum with a vertically oscillating base, which serves as a foundation for understanding vibration-induced stabilization. Analytical modeling using Lagrangian mechanics is employed to derive the governing equations of motion and identify the excitation conditions required for stable inverted behavior. …

The Design And Analysis Of Robust Mems Devices For Extreme Space Environments, Joshua Taggart

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The purpose of this study is to analyze aluminum nitride (AlN) micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators designed for extreme-environment applications. The devices of study are Lamb wave, piezoelectric resonators designed and fabricated using conventional semiconductor manufacturing processes and operating around various frequencies in the megahertz range. The purpose of this study is to advance understanding of MEMS devices in extreme-temperature and radiated environments for outer-space applications.

Devices were tested under vacuum at temperatures ranging from room temperature (~21°C) to 800°C. Under these conditions, the device was measured both as a resonator and in an oscillator circuit. Results show that the resonant …

Evaluation Of The Long-Term Sealability Performance Of Aramid Fiber Nitrile-Based Gaskets, Salome Ramirez

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The reliability of sealed, oil-filled containers is critical for maintaining the operation of high-voltage energy systems, in which the sensitive electronics need to be isolated from the cyclic conditions associated with outdoor environments. New materials bring the possibility of extending service lifetimes and maintenance intervals. Aramid fiber nitrile-based gaskets are an attractive alternative to conventional gasket choices due to their long-term stability in various environments and compatibility with porcelain, metals, and plastics. For newly designed porcelain-to-metal fittings, understanding the behavior of the candidate gasket material under realistic loading conditions is essential to ensure long-term seal integrity and equipment safety. Traditional …

Investigation Of The Impact Of The Shape Of The Wings On Formula E Racing Car Performance: Enhancements For Optimal Aerodynamics, Ednie Marthe Adlaikah Jozil

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The aerodynamic performance of a Formula E chassis significantly dictates its overall race efficiency, directly impacting crucial parameters such as battery range and thermal management. This thesis investigates the external aerodynamics of the baseline Gen 2 Formula E car and evaluates the performance gains of two novel aerodynamic packages: a "Fully Modified" configuration and a "Flat Rear Wing" design. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to analyze drag coefficients (Cd), downforce generation, and vehicle wake structures at race-relevant free-stream velocities (e.g., 37 m/s and 89 m/s). To ensure numerical robustness, the computational setup was validated using a smooth sphere …

Analytical And Data-Driven Modeling And Control Of Nonlinear Point Absorber Wave Energy Converters With Application To Cone–Cone Buoy Geometries, Houssein Yassin

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

This dissertation develops analytical modeling, numerical simulation, experimental validation, and data driven control methods for nonlinear point absorber wave energy converters, with particular emphasis on cone--cone buoy geometries. Geometry dependent nonlinear force models are first derived using pressure field and displaced volume formulations. These models show how buoy geometry produces nonlinear Froude--Krylov and restoring forces, including the dominant cubic behavior of cone--cone geometries.

The derived models are incorporated into a feedback linearization framework that compensates selected nonlinear dynamics while retaining the incident wave terms. An analytical optimal control formulation is also developed to maximize harvested energy in nonlinear, nonautonomous systems …

Methodology Development For Evaluating Relative Heat Checking Resistance Of Open-Die Forge Tooling, Jack F. Schaller

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Heat checking, characterized by biaxial networks of surface cracks induced by thermomechanical cycling, can cause premature failure of open-die forge tooling. To facilitate the evaluation of heat checking resistance of die steels, a simulation‑informed out-of-phase thermomechanical fatigue (OP-TMF) testing methodology was developed using 4330V steel as a baseline material. Temperature‑dependent material properties and flow stress data were collected and compiled into a material data file for use with finite element analysis software. Forging and cooling scenarios were simulated across a range of die preheat temperatures. Temperature and in-plane strain histories extracted from the die surface provided a foundation for laboratory …

Machine Learning And Multi-Scale Optimization For Control And Energy Management In Connected And Automated Vehicle Propulsion Systems, Joshua D. Orlando

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

This dissertation presents a multi-scale optimization framework leveraging machine learning (ML) to enhance energy efficiency in connected and automated vehicle (CAV) propulsion systems. As transportation transitions toward hybridization and automation, the integration of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) connectivity and advanced control algorithms offers unprecedented opportunities for energy reduction. This research addresses three critical scales of vehicle energy management: multiple vehicle-level coordination, component-level powertrain dynamics, and real-time vehicle parameter estimation.

First, the research investigates the energy consumption characteristics of heterogeneous propulsion systems—ranging from internal combustion engines to battery electric vehicles across light- and heavy-duty sectors—on arterial roadways. Utilizing Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and …

Application Of Reactive Power Theory To Wave Energy Converters Under Multi-Frequency Excitation: Analysis And Experimentation, Mckenna R. Collins

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

There is abundant energy surging in the oceans across the globe. However, there have been technological challenges in extracting that energy for use. Wave energy converter (WEC) technology is being developed to find innovative ways to convert wave kinetic energy into electricity, but there are still efficiency obstacles that inhibit large-scale use. Focusing on heave-point absorber control theory, this thesis continues the work to improve the efficiency of WECs. This is done by leveraging a superposition of linear mass-spring-damper models to analyze a WEC under multi-frequency excitation and applying proportional-derivative gains to each linear model. However, to analyze this system, …

Unified Bayesian And Machine Learning-Based State Of Charge Estimation In A Pv Battery System, Showrov Rahman

Open Access Dissertations

The state of charge (SOC) of a battery indicates the remaining charge in the battery relative to its nominal maximum charge capacity. The accurate estimation of SOC is of utmost importance for efficient energy management as it indicates the level of energy stored in the battery.

Bayesian and machine learning (ML) approaches represent two distinct estimation strategies for battery state estimation. Bayesian filters, such as the Kalman filter (KF) and particle filter (PF), operate sequentially by incorporating physical models of battery dynamics. In contrast, ML-based methods are data-driven, and their performance largely depends on the quantity and quality of training …

Course Improvement Strategies For Effective Learning, Omar Ahmed Raheem Al-Shebeeb

2026 Scholarly Teaching Conference: Poster Session Papers

Manufacturing processes Lab (IENG 302L) is one of the courses that is taught in the Industrial Engineering Department. The students perform several manufacturing processes in this course and for every one of these manufacturing processes, the students need to submit a project report. One of these manufacturing processes is a CNC turning process. The turning project of this course has historically had extensive average time for completion. As such, it was deemed necessary that a way to improve the quality of a turning project be generated. Industrial Quality Control (IENG 316) is also taught as part of the industrial engineering …

Teaching Strategies In The First-Year Engineering Seminar Course, Akua Oppong-Anane, Wen Juan Mo, Marshal Miezah, Gia Huy Pham, Susie Huggins, Lizzie Santiago

2026 Scholarly Teaching Conference: Poster Session Papers

This poster highlights the teaching strategies that are implemented in the First-Year Engineering Seminar Course at West Virginia University (WVU). The teaching team incorporated active learning techniques into the course to enhance student engagement, promote critical thinking, support the development of engineering identity, and encourage major and career exploration.

A Rapid, Accessible Active Learning Framework For Stem At Wvu Tech, Somenath Chakraborty, Zahmeeth Sayed Sakkaff

2026 Scholarly Teaching Conference: Poster Session Papers

Many undergraduates find it difficult to move from listening to doing—especially in STEM courses that require sustained practice, timely feedback, and confidence. This poster describes a rapid, low-cost active-learning routine that can be added to existing lectures at WVU Tech with minimal redesign. Instructors insert brief engagement micro-cycles every 10–15 minutes: a concept question or mini-problem, a one-minute individual attempt, a short pair discussion, and a concise explanation that targets common misconceptions.

Towards Increasing The Retention Of Freshman Engineering Students: Implementing A New Course, Ee 101 Introduction To Electrical And Computer Engineering, Omer Lateef, Mingyu Lu, Waseem Alaqqad, Charan Litchfield, Kenan Hatipoglu

2026 Scholarly Teaching Conference: Poster Session Papers

To assist with improving student retention in the undergraduate electrical and computer engineering program, a course was developed and implemented at the freshman level in the Spring of 2021.  This course was named EE 101: Introduction to Electrical and Computer Engineering and served to give freshman students an opportunity to meet the professors of the ECE department and experience live sessions dedicated to presenting “upcoming” topics and research endeavors of their expertise.  Students typically will not be attending the electrical or computer engineering subjects until their sophomore year and this course, set in second semester for a freshman, attempts to …

A Study Of Lost Pla Investment Casting For A356 Aluminum In Resource Constrained Manufacturing Environments, Maverick Beckmann

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lost PLA investment casting offers a low tooling route for producing complex aluminum parts, but repeatability depends on material use, burnout behavior, geometric process limits, and dimensional response. This thesis evaluated Lost PLA casting as a resource efficient manufacturing method for complex A356 aluminum components in resource constrained settings through four linked objectives: metal reusability, burnout and PLA selection, process limitations, and feature based dimensional shrinkage. A metal mass balance was performed on six casting trials using salvaged A356. Ash residual behavior was studied through a single tray screening test of eight commercial filaments and three invested mold burnout trials …