Engineering Commons^™

Ultrafast Thermal Modification Of Strong Coupling In An Organic Microcavity, Bin Liu, Vinod M. Menon, Matthew Y. Sfeir

Publications and Research

There is growing interest in using strongly coupled organic microcavities to tune molecular dynamics, including the electronic and vibrational properties of molecules. However, very little attention has been paid to the utility of cavity polaritons as sensors for out-of-equilibrium phenomena, including thermal excitations. Here, we demonstrate that non-resonant infrared excitation of an organic microcavity system induces a transient response in the visible spectral range near the cavity polariton resonances. We show how these optical responses can be understood in terms of ultrafast heating of electrons in the metal cavity mirror, which modifies the effective refractive index and subsequently the strong …

Theoretical Analysis Of Experimental Data Of Sodium Diffusion In Oxidized Molybdenum Thin Films, Orlando Ayala, Benjamin Belfore, Tasnuva Ashrafee, John Akwari, Grace Rajan, Shankar Karki, Deewakar Poudel, Sylvain Marsillac

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

In this work, the diffusion process of sodium (Na) in molybdenum (Mo) thin films while it was deposited on soda lime glass (SLG) was studied. A small amount of oxygen was present in the chamber while the direct-current (DC) magnetron sputtering was used for the deposition. The substrate temperatures were varied to observe its effect. Such molybdenum films, with or without oxidations, are often used in thin film solar cells, either as back contact or as hole transport layers. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was used to quantify the concentration of the species. A grain diffusion mechanistic model incorporating the …

Cast Iron Drinking Water Pipe Biofilms Support Diverse Microbial Communities Containing Antibiotic Resistance Genes, Metal Resistance Genes, And Class 1 Integrons, Lee K. Kimbell, Emily Lou Lamartina, Anthony D. Kappell, Jingwan Huo, Yin Wang, Ryan J. Newton, Patrick J. Mcnamara

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Antimicrobial resistance is a well-documented public health concern. The role that drinking water distribution pipes have as sources of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is not well known. Metals are a known stressor for antibiotic resistance development, implying that aging metal-pipe infrastructure could be a source of ARGs. The objective of this study was to determine if ARGs, metal resistance genes (MRGs), and intI1 were pervasive across various pipe biofilm sample types (biomass surfaces, pipe surfaces, corrosion tubercles, and under corrosion tubercles) and if the resistance genes associated with particular microbial taxa. Eight sample types in triplicate (n = …

Calculation Of Real Evapotranspiration By The Application Of Metric Method On Landsat-8 Data, Ali Imanian, Majid Hashemi Tangestani, Adel Asadi, Mohammad Zare

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

In geological remote sensing approaches for estimating evapotranspiration, METRIC method is among the most modern and precise approaches that many positive experiments have been reported regarding its applicability. In this study, the value of actual evapotranspiration (ET) occurred in Marvdasht farmlands, Fars province, Iran, was calculated instantaneously (hourly) and daily (24 hours), at 24 April 2017 using METRIC method and Lansat-8 data. In order to accuracy assessment of the results, estimated values were compared to the values calculated with Penman Monteith method in places that covers by alfafa crop. Our observations showed that ET values obtained via METRIC model on …

Learning Adl Daily Routines With Spatiotemporal Neural Networks, Shan Gao, Ah-Hwee Tan, Rossi Setchi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The activities of daily living (ADLs) refer to the activities performed by individuals on a daily basis and are the indicators of a person’s habits, lifestyle, and wellbeing. Learning an individual’s ADL daily routines has significant value in the healthcare domain. Specifically, ADL recognition and inter-ADL pattern learning problems have been studied extensively in the past couple of decades. However, discovering the patterns performed in a day and clustering them into ADL daily routines has been a relatively unexplored research area. In this paper, a self-organizing neural network model, called the Spatiotemporal ADL Adaptive Resonance Theory (STADLART), is proposed for …

Detection Of Subsurface, Nanometer-Scale Crystallographic Defects By Nonlinear Light Scattering And Localization, Farbod Shafiei, Tommaso Orzali, Alexey Vert, Mohammad-Ali Miri, Pui Yee Hung, Man Hoi Wong, Andrea Alù, Gennadi Bersuker, Michael C. Downer

Publications and Research

Heteroepitaxial crystalline films underlie many electronic and optical technologies but are prone to forming defects at their heterointerfaces. Atomic-scale defects such as threading dislocations that propagate into a film impede the flow of charge carriers and light degrading electrical/optical performance of devices. Diagnosis of subsurface defects traditionally requires time-consuming invasive techniques such as cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. Using III–V films grown on Si, noninvasive, bench-top diagnosis of subsurface defects have been demonstrated by optical second-harmonic scanning probe microscope. A high-contrast pattern is observed of subwavelength “hot spots” caused by scattering and localization of fundamental light by defect scattering sites. Size …

Secondary Risk Theory: Validation Of A Novel Model Of Protection Motivation, Christopher L. Cummings, Sonny Rosenthal, Wei Yi Kong

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Protection motivation theory states individuals conduct threat and coping appraisals when deciding how to respond to perceived risks. However, that model does not adequately explain today's risk culture, where engaging in recommended behaviors may create a separate set of real or perceived secondary risks. We argue for and then demonstrate the need for a new model accounting for a secondary threat appraisal, which we call secondary risk theory. In an online experiment, 1,246 participants indicated their intention to take a vaccine after reading about the likelihood and severity of side effects. We manipulated likelihood and severity in a 2 × …

Aviation English Assessment And Training, Robert Fowler, Elizabeth Mathews, Jena Lynch, Jennifer Roberts M.A.

Publications

Due to a significant global increase in demand for air travel, there has been a corresponding increase in demand for ab initio flight training. Thousands of international flight students seek admission to collegiate aviation programs in the United States and Canada every year. These international flight students come to the United States and Canada because flight training is nonexistent in their native countries. In fact, flight training in most of these countries is impossible due to airspace restrictions and onerous regulations. If there is flight training available in these countries, the cost is usually prohibitive compared to the cost in …

Perovskite Thin Films Annealed In Supercritical Fluids For Efficient Solar Cells, Gilbert Annohene

Theses and Dissertations

In the field of photovoltaics, scientists and researchers are working fervently to produce a combination of efficient, stable, low cost and scalable devices. Methylammonium lead trihalide perovskite has attracted intense interest due to its high photovoltaic performance, low cost, and ease of manufacture. Their high absorption coefficient, tunable bandgap, low-temperature processing, and abundant elemental constituent provide innumerable advantages over other thin film absorber materials. Since the perovskite film is the most important in the device, morphology, crystallization, compositional and interface engineering have been explored to boost its performance and stability. High temperatures necessary for crystallization of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite films …

A Mechanism Behind The Mechanotransduction Of Surface Characteristics In Osteoblasts, Otto J. Juhl Iv

Theses and Dissertations

Biomaterials for use in bone regeneration and healing range from metal and metal alloy implants to hydrogel-based solutions. These materials can be optimized to increase bone healing and integration by improving the mechanical and biological properties. Regardless of the material itself, the cell-substrate interaction is key to the success of the biomaterial once implanted. Substrate surface characteristics such as roughness, wettability, and particle density are well-known contributors to a substrate’s overall osteogenic potential, and therefore the substrate's overall success. Unfortunately, it is still unknown how these substrate surface characteristics are transduced into intracellular signals by cells, preventing specific tailoring of …

Accident Tolerant Fuels Claddings And The Evolution Of Their Surface Characteristics Under Critical Heat Flux, Rajnikant V. Umretiya

Theses and Dissertations

Enhanced Accident Tolerant Fuels (ATFs) systems for light water reactors require higher temperature oxidation resistance in steam environments than the current UO₂ – zirconium fuel system. Investigating the ATF materials’ surface properties is needed as they have evidenced to affect the Critical Heat Flux (CHF), which is an important parameter of the thermal-hydraulic performance required to provide safety margins. In this dissertation, the surface properties of FeCrAl alloys (APMT and C26M), Zircaloy-2, Zircaloy-4, and Cr-coating on Zircaloy-4 substrates produced by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) and Cold Spray (CS) were investigated according to their chemistry, topography, and wettability. The static …

Deploying And Analyzing Air Quality Sensors In Mongolian Gers, Lehi Alcantara

ScholarsArchive Data

This is work done for a thesis that would be way too long to attach to the thesis document. It contains code, spreadsheets, data.

Interface Joint Strength Between Ss316l Wrought Substrate And Powder Bed Fusion Built Parts - Data, Jason M. Weaver, John R. Linn, Michael P. Miles

ScholarsArchive Data

Data for Materials article "Interface Joint Strength between SS316L Wrought Substrate and Powder Bed Fusion Built Parts"

powder bed fusion; additive manufacturing; ss316l; interface strength

The Influence Of Channel Deepening On Tides, River Discharge Effects, And Storm Surge, S. A. Talke, Ramin Familkhalili, D. A. Jay

Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

We combine archival research, semi-analytical models, and numerical simulations to address the following question: how do changes to channel geometry alter tidal properties and flood dynamics in a hyposynchronous, strongly frictional estuary with a landward decay in tidal amplitudes? Records in the Saint Johns River Estuary since the 1890s show that tidal range has doubled in Jacksonville, Florida. Near the estuary inlet, tidal discharge approximately doubled but tidal amplitudes increased only ∼6%. Modeling shows that increased shipping channel depths from ∼5 to ∼13m drove the observed changes, with other factors like channel shortening and width reduction producing comparatively minor effects. …

Characterizing Seagrass Effects On Hydrodynamics Of Waves And Currents Through Field Measurements And Computational Modelling, Ramin Familkhalili, Navid Tahvildari

Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Low-lying coastal and estuarine areas are among the most populated regions globally, have high economic significance, and are increasingly threatened by climate change, sea level rise, nuisance flooding, and extreme storms. Nature-based coastal protections are sustainable and sea-level resilient alternatives compared to traditional solutions such as dikes and seawalls. Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) or seagrasses can provide coastal flood and erosion protection by attenuating storm wave and current energy and stabilizing seabed sediments. However, more research is needed to understand the interactions between flow, SAVs, and sediments. These dynamic interactions affect flow at different scales and seagrass productivity. In this …

A Novel Method For Soc Estimation Of Li-Ion Batteries Using A Hybrid Machinelearning Technique, Eymen İpek, Murat Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The battery system is one of the key components of electric vehicles (EV) which has brought groundbreaking technologies. Since modern EVs have mostly Li-ion batteries, they need to be monitored and controlled to achieve safe and high-performance operation. Particularly, the battery management system (BMS) uses complex processing systems that perform measurements, estimation of the battery states, and protection of the system. State of charge (SOC) estimation is a major part of these processes which defines remaining capacity in the battery until the next charging operation as a proportion to the total battery capacity. Since SOC is not a parameter that …

Evolutionary Neural Networks For Improving The Prediction Performance Ofrecommender Systems, Berna Şeref, Gazi̇ Erkan Bostanci, Mehmet Serdar Güzel

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Recommender systems provide recommendations to users using background data such as ratings of users about items and features of items. These systems are used in several areas such as e-commerce, news websites, and article websites. By using recommender systems, customers are provided with relevant data as soon as possible and are able to make good decisions. There are more studies about recommender systems and improving their performance. In this study, prediction performances of neural networks are evaluated and their performances are improved using genetic algorithms. Performances obtained in this study are compared with those of other studies. After that, superiority …

Time-Oriented Interactive Process Miner: A New Approach For Time Prediction, İsmai̇l Yürek, Derya Bi̇rant, Özlem Ece Yürek, Kökten Ulaş Bi̇rant

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Everyday information systems collect a different kind of process instances of a business flow. As time goes on, the size of the collected data builds up speedily and constitutes a huge amount of data. It is a very challenging task to obtain valuable information and features of processes from such big data. Considering in advance, the trend and different features of the ongoing process are essential. Especially, time management is crucial in designing and conducting business processes. In this article, a novel process miner algorithm is proposed for time prediction, named time-oriented İnteractive process miner (T-IPM), which predicts the remaining …

Engraved Digit Detection Using Hog-Real Adaboost And Deep Neural Network, Tuan Linh Dang, Thang Cao, Yukinobu Hoshino

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper proposes a framework for recognizing sequences of digits engraved on steel plates. These digits are normally blurred, dirty, not clear, tilted, and sometimes overlapped by other digits. Several digits in a string with uneven spacing and different sizes are detected at the same time. The framework consists of two main components called histogram of oriented gradient-real AdaBoost module and deep neural network module. The first component is used to detect digit windows, and the second component is employed to recognize digits inside the detected windows. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed framework could be a potential solution to …

Abnormal Behavior Detection Using Sparse Representations Through Sequentialgeneralization Of K-Means, Ahlam Aldhamari, Rubita Sudirman, Nasrul Humaimi Mahmood

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The potential capability to automatically detect and classify human behavior as either normal or abnormal events is an important aspect in intelligent monitoring/surveillance systems. This study presents a new high-performance framework for detecting behavioral abnormalities in video streams by utilizing only the patterns for normal behaviors. In this paper, we used a hybrid descriptor, called a foreground optical flow energy (FGOFE), which makes use of two effective motion techniques in order to extract the most descriptive spatiotemporal features in video sequences. The FGOFE descriptor can effectively capture both weak and sudden incidents in a scene. The sequential generalization of k-means …

Deep-Learning-Based Spraying Area Recognition System Forunmanned-Aerial-Vehicle-Based Sprayers, Shahbaz Khan, Muhammad Tufail, Muhammad Tahir Khan, Zubair Ahmed Khan, Shahzad Anwer

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based spraying system employing machine learning techniques is a recent advancement in precision agriculture for precise spraying, promoting saving chemicals (pesticide/herbicide), and enhancing their effectiveness. This study aims to develop an efficient deep learning system for UAV-based sprayers, which has the capability to accurately recognize spraying areas. A deep learning system is proposed and developed incorporating a faster region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) for the imagery collected. In order to develop a classifier for identifying spraying areas from nonspraying areas, four different agriculture croplands and orchards were considered. All the experiments were performed in agriculture fields through …

A Novel Optimum Pi Controller Design Based On Stability Boundary Locussupported Particle Swarm Optimization In Avr System, Mahmut Temel Özdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This study proposes a new approach that combines stability and optimization in the design of proportional? integral (PI) controller of automatic voltage regulators (AVR) of synchronous generators with variable system parameters. Thanks to this approach, a PI controller, providing the desired performance and the stability of the AVR system, has been designed. The approach follows a method investigating the PI gain values to achieve the desired goals. In the first step of the study, a new stability boundary locus is calculated for the case in which AVR system?s parameters have changed. The stability boundary locus (SBL) method is a graphic-based …

Performance Evaluation Of A Power Allocation Algorithm Based On Dynamicblocklength Estimation For Urllc In The Multicarrier Downlink Noma Systems, Won Jae Ryu, Soo Young Shin

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This study investigates a power allocation algorithm using blocklength estimation by the finite blocklength (FBL) regime in a multicarrier downlink nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system for ultrareliable low latency communication (URLLC) that is one of the services in 5G networks, requiring exceedingly high reliability and low latency. As NOMA systems can boost the capacity and increase the spectrum efficiency, it can be considered as a solution for URLLC. A multicarrier downlink NOMA system using blocklength estimation based on the FBL regime is proposed for effective resource allocation in this study. The FBL is used to derive the equation for dynamic …

A Novel Data Placement Strategy To Reduce Data Traffic During Run-Time, Sridevi Sridhar, Rhymend Uthariaraj Vaidyanathan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

High impact scientific applications processed in distributed data centers often involve big data. To avoid the intolerable delays due to huge data movements across data centers during processing, the concept of moving tasks to data was introduced in the last decade. Even after the realization of this concept termed as data locality, the expected quality of service was not achieved. Later, data colocality was introduced where data groupings were identified and then data chunks were placed wisely. However, the aspect of the expected data traffic during run time is generally not considered while placing data. To identify the expected data …

Performance Improvement Of The Shunt Active Power Filter Using A Novel Adaptivefiltering Approach, Abderrezzaq Zoghbi, Daoud Berkani

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper introduces an efficient control approach to enhance harmonics mitigation performance of the shunt active power filter (SAPF). This approach is based on adaptive filters favored by their built-in automatic parameters adaptation capability. The proposed filter, which uses a variable leaky least mean square (VLLMS) adaptation, is applied with a modified instantaneous power PQ theory. This enhances its dynamic performance over the use of conventional time-invariant filters, and overcomes its limitations in the presence of nonsinusoidal voltage conditions. The studied SAPF model is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK with combinations of nonlinear and unbalanced loads. Simulation results indicate a significant improvement …

A Two-Stage Hair Region Localization Method For Guided Laser Hair Removal, Murat Avşar, İmam Şami̇l Yeti̇k

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Removal of hair using laser is a widely used method, where our goal is to permanently remove hair by using laser to cause heat in order to thermally damage the hair follicle. However, currently available laser hair removal systems affect the outer skin layers besides hair follicles. This is a disadvantage of classical methods with major health risks. We propose a method to overcome these health risks by guiding the laser beam only to automatically localized hair regions. This study aims to develop an automated feature-based hair region localization method as an integral part of the proposed hair removal system …

Investigation Of Spontaneously Patterned Nanoporous Organosilicate Thin Film Channels For Liquid Chromatography Applications., Ashwin Sanjay Bhaskaran

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Microscale devices are attractive options for the advancement of biomedical engineering and life science. They have huge potential in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields provided the critical factors such as device size, product purity and efficiency are not a hindrance. In most cases, traditional microelectronics fabrication processes are quite costly and complicated. By improving on them, their application in fields such as chemical sensing, detection and analysis is possible. By implementing this on a chip, we can reduce the cost and improve portability. This thesis focuses on the investigation of a novel class of spontaneously patterned nanoporous organosilicate nanoparticle-based films …

Application Of Data And Geospatial Analysis In Energy And Health Systems, Ali Faghani

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Having sustainable energy and health systems are the main factors in the vision plan of every country. Both of these systems are correlated with a variety of frameworks, including social, physical, technological, political, and economic factors. Therefore, different types of analytics methods can be implemented to develop the required assessments for those who make plans since understanding the effect of such factors individually, also their interactions, and the overall effect is crucial. With this regard, applications of data analysis and geospatial techniques in both energy, and health systems have recently gained attention. The proposed research here deployed advanced data analytics …

Thermal/Structural Analysis Of The Axion Quantum Metrology Cavity And Its Components, Tyler Funk

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This research was centered around maximizing the capability to cool dielectric material within a containment unit, or Photonic Band Gap (PBG) cavity, designed for detecting axion dark matter and identifying the unit’s thermal properties. There are multiple types of PBG cavities, but the latest version that axion researchers wish to use has been theorized to contain possible issues related to its thermal properties. Thermal conductivity is an issue with the dielectric material because it is made from alumina which is highly insulative. This is important since the research is being done in a cryogenic environment and the thermal noise affects …

Microfluidics Design Considering Hyperuniformity And Cell Transport In Flow For Improved Circulating Tumor Cell Capture Efficiency, Michael Clarence Hood

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from patient derived blood samples for cancerdiagnostics and monitoring is challenging due to the extremely low CTC concentration. This thesis work evaluates the performance of passive microfluidics devices with different designs based on computational modeling. A new cell separation method is proposed based on velocity differentiation of varying cell sizes. All numerical studies were conducted in 2D based on a fluid structure interaction code where the fluid flow was solved based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) implemented in Palabos, and the cell dynamics were simulated based on the molecular dynamics package LAMMPS, with …