Engineering Commons^™

การเตรียมและการวิเคราะห์สมบัติของ น้ำมันถั่วอินคานาโนอิมัลชัน ที่ห่อหุ้มวิตามินอีสำหรับการใช้เป็นเครื่องสำอาง, ปภิชญา ตั๋นคำ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วัตถุประสงค์ของงานวิจัยนี้เพื่อศึกษาการเตรียมน้ำมันถั่วอินคานาโนอิมัลชันบรรจุวิตามินอีอะซิเตท สำหรับการประยุกต์ใช้เป็นเครื่องสำอาง องค์ประกอบหลักทางเคมีของเมล็ดถั่วอินคาประกอบด้วย น้ำมัน (42.55 เปอร์เซ็นต์), คาร์โบไฮเดรต (32.38 เปอร์เซ็นต์) และโปรตีน (18.40 เปอร์เซ็นต์) สารประกอบหลักของน้ำมันประกอบด้วยกรดไขมันแอลฟ่าไลโนเลอิค (42 เปอร์เซ็นต์), กรดไขมันไลโนเลนิค (40 เปอร์เซ็นต์), แกมมา โทโคฟีรอล (0.095 เปอร์เซ็นต์) และ เดลต้า โทโคฟีรอล (0.068 เปอร์เซ็นต์) ความสามารถในการต้านออกซิเดชันของน้ำมัน ตรวจวัดด้วยวิธี DPPH และ ABTS พบว่า มีความสามารถต้านออกซิเดชัน คือ 24.91 ไมโครกรัมเทียบกับสารโทล็อกซ์ และ 41.13 ไมโครกรัมเทียบกับสารโทล็อกซ์ ตามลำดับและปริมาณฟีโนลิครวมเท่ากับ 6.43.มิลลิกรัมเทียบเท่าสารมาตรฐานกรดแกลลิคต่อน้ำหนัก 100 กรัมของน้ำมัน น้ำมันถั่วอินคานาโนอิมัลชัน ถูกเตรียมได้ด้วยวิธีการกลับวัฏภาคในสภาวะต่างๆ เพื่อประเมิณอิทธิพลของปัจจัยที่มีต่อลักษณะทางเคมีฟิสิกส์และความคงตัว สูตรตำรับที่ดีที่สุด ประกอบด้วยน้ำมันถั่วอินคา 5 เปอร์เซ็นต์ ใช้สารลดแรงตึงผิวผสม (Span80 และ CremophorH40) 7 เปอร์เซ็นต์ ที่ค่า HLB (ค่าสมดุลการชอบน้ำและการชอบไขมัน) เท่ากับ 9 วิตามินอี อะซิเตท 1 เปอร์เซ็นต์ และน้ำ 88 เปอร์เซ็นต์ นาโนอิมัลชันที่ได้ มีลักษณะค่อนข้างโปร่งแสง และมีความคงสภาพสูง ด้วยขนาดหยดอนุภาคเฉลี่ยอยู่ระหว่าง 52 ถึง 58 นาโนเมตร และ มีค่าศักย์ไฟฟ้าอยู่ระหว่าง -45 ถึง-38 มิลลิโวลต์ ประสิทธิภาพการกักเก็บ เท่ากับ 87.37 เปอร์เซ็นต์ วิตามินอี อะซิเตทที่บรรจุ ในตำรับที่เหมาะสม พบว่ามีความคงตัวภายหลังกระบวนการผลิต และเก็บรักษาที่อุณหภูมิ 4 องศาเซลเซียส 30 องศาเซลเซียส และ 45 องศาเซลเซียส เป็นระยะเวลา 60 …

Engineering Laboratory 101, Reginald Eze

Open Educational Resources

This lab introduces students to the fatigue failure of steels, plastics and ceramics when they are stressed in a controlled manner until they fail. Materials are subjected to repeated stress called fatigue and fatigue properties of different materials vary with type, source, quality, type and duration of applied stress.

Use Of Fiber-Reinforced Cements In Masonry Construction And Structural Rehabilitation, Ece Erdogmus

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

The use of fiber reinforcement in traditional concrete mixes has been extensively studied and has been slowly finding its regular use in practice. In contrast, opportunities for the use of fibers in masonry applications and structural rehabilitation projects (masonry and concrete structures) have not been as deeply investigated, where the base matrix may be a weaker cementitious mixture. This paper will summarize the findings of the author’s research over the past 10 years in these particular applications of fiber reinforced cements (FRC). For masonry, considering both mortar and mortar-unit bond characteristics, a 0.5% volume fraction of micro fibers in type …

Containment Materials For Thin-Strip Casting Of Steel, Abhishek Kumar

Doctoral Dissertations

"The focus of this research was to investigate the corrosion behavior of BN-based and ZrO₂-C refractories by molten steel. These refractories are used as side-dam and core-nozzle in the thin-strip casting of steel. The improvement and development of these refractory components will increase the process efficiency by prolonging the refractory service life.

The first part of this study focused on interaction of BN-ZrO₂-SiC side-dams with steel-inclusion system in a laboratory setup under argon gas environment. It was observed that corrosion of this ceramic was severe in contact with steel compared to slag/inclusion.

The second part of …

Application Of Unified Invariants For Cyber Physical Systems In Smart Grids, Tamal Paul

Doctoral Dissertations

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are complex engineered systems which consist of physical components with an underlying cyber network. The three main components of a cyber-physical System are: physical system, networking and communications element and a distributed cyber system. The primary challenge for cyber-physical systems is to understand what happens when various sub-systems, which have been developed in an isolated environment, are integrated. CPS studies need to ensure sub-systems that had been designed in isolation to meet certain specifications, when combined, do not cause the overall system to fail. The crux of cyber-physical research is thus to find a common platform to …

Microstructure And Geotechnical Properties Of St. Peter Sandstone In Clayton, Iowa, Amir Hossein Bagherieh

Doctoral Dissertations

"The St. Peter Sandstone is significantly different from the minerals and rocks which have been studied extensively in mining. It is brittle and characterized by an unusually high friction angle. On the other hand it is friable, and it is nearly cohesionless. The scarcity of the ground control techniques for this particular mining environment has created many difficulties for mine operators. This research aims to establish a fundamental understanding of the basic mechanical and strength properties of the St. Peter Sandstone for engineering design and scientific research. The specific objectives are 1) characterizing the strength of the St. Peter Sandstone, …

On The Deployment Of On-Chip Noise Sensors, Tao Wang

Doctoral Dissertations

"The relentless technology scaling has led to significantly reduced noise margin and complicated functionalities. As such, design time techniques per se are less likely to ensure power integrity, resulting in runtime voltage emergencies. To alleviate the issue, recently several works have shed light on the possibilities of dynamic noise management systems. Most of these works rely on on-chip noise sensors to accurately capture voltage emergencies. However, they all assume that the placement of the sensors is given. It remains an open problem in the literature how to optimally place a given number of noise sensors for best voltage emergency detection. …

Parameter Determination And Experimental Validation Of A Wire Feed Additive Manufacturing Model, Kannan Suresh Kumar

Masters Theses

“Laser metal deposition is an additive manufacturing method with great scope and robustness. The wire fed additive manufacturing method has great opportunities in space applications and other zero gravity manufacturing processes. Process parameters play an important role in controlling the complex phenomenon and obtaining an ideal manufactured part. These parameters can be efficiently determined using simulation tools which are highly essential in visualizing real world experiments, therefore saving time and experimental costs. The objective of this study is to develop a transient 3D model of laser aided wire feed metal deposition which realizes the heat transfer and fluid flow behavior …

Adaptable Ring, Bayes Theorem And Dual Gradient Analysis: An Approach To Automatic Shape Detection, Skin Lesion Segmentation And Focus Detection Respectively For Medical Image Analysis, Kanakam T. Maddala

Masters Theses

“Vision-based applications are increasing with the increase in technology and are making a huge impact in this global civilization. A vision-based measurement approach for pill shape detection was developed for medical pill identification, a focus detection method was developed for digital dermoscopy, and a machine learning approach was used for automatic lesion segmentation, which assists in automatic melanoma diagnosis. Rapid and accurate pill identification is needed by medical and law enforcement personnel during emergencies. But, one of the main parameters in pill identification is the shape of the pill. An Adaptable-Ring approach describes a novel technique to accurately detect the …

Experimental Study Of Crude Oil Emulsion Stability By Surfactants And Nanoparticles, Zainab Alabdulmohsen

Masters Theses

"Surfactants and nanoparticles are materials being widely used for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Surfactants are mainly used to reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water which could form a stable film of emulsion between these two immiscible fluids. Also, nanotechnology is a potential candidate to offer another solution to improve oil recovery. Nanoparticles can form a solid layer at the droplet's interface and stand as resistant stabilizer under harsh reservoir conditions.

This research investigates whether the combination of surfactants and nanoparticles can provide a more stable emulsion than surfactants only. Two parts of experimental study have been done in …

Evaluation Of Millimeter-Sized Preformed Particle Gel For Conformance Control Treatments Using Simple Models, Ali Abdulmohsen Al Brahim

Masters Theses

Millimeter-sized preformed particle gels (PPGs) have been successfully used to tackle the high-permeable zones, fractures and channels in mature oilfields for conformance control improvement. PPGs can significantly reduce the permeability of abnormal fractures and divert injected water to the low permeable zones where hydrocarbon was not swept by previous water flooding. Due to the irregularity of PPGs in shapes after swollen, their strength cannot be easily measured using the conventional methods. Therefore, the open hole screen plate models with various hole diameters and density were designed to establish a simple technique that can be used to measure the strength of …

Determining Rockfall Volumes In Three Sites Along Habs Mountain Road In Southwestern Saudi Arabia, Using Lidar Technology, Abdullah Ayed Al-Otaibi

Masters Theses

"The rugged elevated topography is a characteristic feature of the western and southwestern regions of Saudi Arabia. Few arterial roads connect the scattered villages of these regions to major cities, such as Habs Road in Jazan region. Rock fall poses a serious hazard to people, property and animals along the rock cuts of this road. Although no traditional Rockfall studies have previously been applied to this road, accessibility and rock formation shape and structure variability influenced the choice of using Terrestrial Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) technology to calculate the volume of rockfall at selected sites along this road.

Software …

Numerical Study Of Upstream And Downstream Regions Of One Dimensional Detonation Wave In A Dusty Gas Medium, Shubhadeep Banik

Masters Theses

"In detonative combustion very high temperatures are attained by the burned gases. As a result, a large amount of thermal energy is produced during the combustion process. This heat can affect the state of the unburned fuel through radiation of heat from the burned gases. In this study a one-dimensional model was deemed appropriate to gain insight into the fundamental structure of the detonation wave. In this model, the detonation wave divides the fluid stream into an upstream region, consisting of fuel and oxidant, and a downstream region, consisting of burned gases. A set of computer programs, some developed during …

Impact Of Configuration Variations On Small Modular Reactor Core Performance, William Kirby Compton

Masters Theses

"One of the most promising new reactor designs is the Small Modular Reactor (SMR). These reactors, which operate under 300 MWe, will help bring cheap and safe nuclear energy to remote and centralized locations alike. Their ease of construction, advanced passive safety features, and cost effectiveness make these reactors an intriguing option for the near future.

In the work presented here, a neutronics analysis of the Westinghouse SMR was performed. Westinghouse's SMR design is a scaled down version of their AP1000 plant and will produce about 225 MWe of power. Though the parameters of the reactor core will be modeled …

American Sign Language Alphabet Recognition Using Microsoft Kinect, Cao Dong

Masters Theses

"American Sign Language (ASL) fingerspelling recognition using marker-less vision sensors is a challenging task due to the complexity of ASL signs, self-occlusion of the hand, and limited resolution of the sensors. This thesis describes a new method for ASL fingerspelling recognition using a low-cost vision camera, which is Microsoft's Kinect. A segmented hand configuration is first obtained by using a depth contrast feature based per-pixel classification algorithm. Then, a hierarchical mode-finding method is developed and implemented to localize hand joint positions under kinematic constraints. Finally, a Random Decision Forest (RDF) classifier is built to recognize ASL signs according to the …

Computer Aided Detection Of Oral Lesions On Ct Images, Shaikat Mahmood Galib

Masters Theses

"Oral lesions are important findings on computed tomography images. They are difficult to detect on CT images because of low contrast, arbitrary orientation of objects, complicated topology and lack of clear lines indicating lesions. In this thesis, a fully automatic method to detect oral lesions from dental CT images is proposed to identify (1) Closed boundary lesions and (2) Bone deformation lesions. Two algorithms were developed to recognize these two types of lesions, which cover most of the lesion types that can be found on CT images. The results were validated using a dataset of 52 patients. Using non training …

Evaluation Of Preformed Particle Gel Treatment Using Homogeneous And Heterogeneous Models, Hilary Ogochukwu Elue

Masters Theses

"This research investigates the effects of preformed particle gel (PPG) in remedying the problems of excess water production and low oil recovery of heterogeneous reservoirs by placing the PPG in the high-permeability layer, thus diverting displacing brine to the unswept low permeability layer. This investigation was completed with three tasks.

The first task was to evaluate the PPG swelling kinetics and strength as a function of concentration of brine. The result of this task indicate that PPG prepared with low concentration of brine swells more, becomes weaker, more deformable than PPG prepared with high concentration of brine.

The second task …

Neutronic Analysis Of Light Water Small Modular Reactor With Flexible Fuel Configurations, Brendan Dsouza

Masters Theses

"The study was focused on the analysis of light water Small Modular Reactor (SMR) with flexible fuel configurations. The core design, based on the Westinghouse UO₂ SMR with less than 5% enrichment was developed using the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) code. Neutronics analyses of a reference core with UO₂ fuel was performed to characterize parameters such as the radial neutron flux profile, the maximum to average flux ratio, the reactivity coefficient and critical boron concentration at beginning of life; which confirmed good performance in comparison to a standard UO₂ based pressurized water reactor.

Using this uranium oxide …

Comprehensive Benefits Of Green Roofs, Madison R. Gibler

Masters Theses

"Green infrastructure uses vegetation, soils, and natural processes to manage water and create healthier urban environments, providing traditional roof services and alternative stormwater management technologies. Other benefits and impacts are not yet fully understood or valued. Research conducted assesses specific stormwater benefits of green roofs, providing information on nutrient leaching from media; and analyzes potential energy benefits through side-by-side comparisons of full-scale white, traditional black rubber, and green roofs in the mid-continent Missouri climate. Roofing media selection impacted leaching of nutrients, suspended solids, and organic carbon from the tested green roof media. Thermal properties were investigated at the building level, …

Pipeline Leak Detection, Marcia Golmohamadi

Masters Theses

"In the present research two techniques are applied for leak detection in pipelines. The first method is a hardware-based technique which uses ultrasonic wave's emission for pipeline inspection. Ultrasonic waves are propagated in the pipe walls and reflected signal from leakage will be used for pipe analysis. Several Pipes with various dimensions and characteristics are modeled by finite element method using ANSYS. Second order longitudinal modes of ultrasonic waves are emitted in their walls. For this purpose, excited frequency is calculated such that it excites the second order longitude mode. In order to investigate the behavior of emitted wave in …

Initial Fuel Possibilities For The Thorium Molten Salt Reactor, Dustin Gage Green

Masters Theses

"The Generation IV International Forum placed six reactors as priority for research and development to compensate for the world's increasing energy demands. Among the six were Molten Salt Reactors (MSRs). These reactors utilize the Th/²³³U fuel cycle using molten fluoride or chloride salts as coolants. MSRs also have the possibility to use other fissile fuels especially with the first fleet of reactors given the low amount of Uranium-233 available commercially.

With the possibility of diverting from using ²³³U initially, the research presented here will benchmark ²³³U as a main fuel for MSRs using the Thorium Molten …

Characterizing The Influence Of Carbon On The Flowrate And Disinfection Efficacy Of Household Ceramic Water Filters, Jessie Yvonne Hahn

Masters Theses

"Drinking water contamination is a major cause of disease in developing countries. Point of Use (POU) water treatment technologies generally have low initial cost and allow rapid availability of improved water. Ceramic pot filters (CPFs) are a POU water source treatment technology which filter water by gravity through a porous ceramic media. Some filters in use contain carbon remnants left from the fugitive pore former as a dark carbon core. Using disk-shaped experimental ceramic filters produced in the lab to have varying levels of carbon, the percent carbon present was measured and a visual analysis method was developed to determine …

Emission And Energy Analysis Of Self-Sufficient Biomass Power Plant To Achieve Near Net Zero Co₂ Emission, Baburaj Kanagarajan

Masters Theses

"The use of biomass to fuel power plants is considered by many to be a carbon neutral solution to carbon dioxide emissions. One objection to this method of power generation is the gasoline or diesel spent in the transportation and feedstock production, which is a major contributor to carbon emission. In addition, costs associated with the transportation of the biomass fuels are also a major limiting. This work investigates the use of a hybrid farming facility as a means of distributed generation combined. A model that incorporates a small scale biomass power facility located within a farming facility is examined. …

Thermographic Investigation Of Laser Metal Deposition, Sreekar Karnati

Masters Theses

"Laser metal deposition as an additive manufacturing technique has been proven to possess the capability for fabricating complex, intricate geometries and excellent material properties through material deposition. Accurate manufacture of such geometric features would require precise control over the material deposition process. The need of the hour are process monitoring and analyses mechanisms that are crucial in ascertaining the occurrence of the intended actions during deposition while also serving as effective learning tools. The current work involved developing and incorporating an Infra-Red (IR) camera as a process monitoring tool for laser metal deposition. Using the IR camera the thermal dynamics …

Model Predictive Current Control Of Switched Reluctance Motor With Inductance Auto-Calibration, Xin Li

Masters Theses

"The thesis is composed of three papers, which investigate the application of Model Predictive Controller (MPC) for current control of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). Since the conventional hysteresis current control method is not suitable for high power SRM drive system with low inductance and limited switching frequency, MPC is a promising alternative approach for this application. The proposed MPC can cope with the measurement noise as well as uncertainties within the machine inductance profile. In the first paper, a MPC current control method for Double-Stator Switched Reluctance Motor (DSSRM) drives is presented. A direct adaptive estimator is incorporated to follow …

An Experimental Study Of Fabrication Temperature Effect On Aqueous Extrusion Freeform Fabrication, Jie Li

Masters Theses

"In order to understand the effect of fabrication temperature, a computer controlled 3-D gantry system was used to extrude aqueous alumina paste using Extrusion Freeform Fabrication. The system includes a temperature control subsystem that allows for fabrication of components below the paste's freezing temperature in the range of -10⁰C to -30⁰C and a hot plate with temperature in the range of 20⁰C to 80⁰C inside a room temperature chamber. Comparisons in terms of relative density, mechanical properties, part accuracy and minimum deposition angle were performed by Extrusion Freeform Fabrication at 40⁰C plate temperature inside a room temperature chamber and at …

Design And Implementation Of A 20 Ghz Ultra-Wide Bandwidth Channel Emulator For Differential High Speed Serial Data Links, Wei Qian

Masters Theses

"High speed serial link is now the dominant signal propagation design in various communication, computing and embedded applications. Emulation of such channels is important in signal integrity design and product testing, where full channel simulation is restricted due to the need for protection of intellectual property and frequent channel reconfiguration. This thesis introduces robust lossy material and FIR filter design methods that can be used for channel emulation to provide a solution under these restrictions. Based on the channel characterizations normally obtained in the frequency domain by vector network analysis, different emulation strategies and optimization techniques are utilized to emulate …

Laser Surface And Sub-Surface Repair During Metal Additive Manufacturing, Prudvi Teja Ravi

Masters Theses

"This study examines the use of laser surface treatment to repair surface and subsurface defects. Numerical analysis was performed on laser surface melting using Gaussian heat distribution equations to analyze the depth of the melt pool created by the phenomena. Concurrently, a process map was developed with a planned set of experiments by varying the ranges of laser power and travel speed to determine the dimensions of the melt pool across the gamut. The data generated from both the process studies and the numerical analysis was then used to determine the ideal operating ranges of the process parameters to repair …

Spatial And Temporal Modulation Of Heat Source Using Light Modulator For Advanced Thermography, Arvindvivek Ravichandran

Masters Theses

"Thermography is a Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) method that has found increasing use in industry and research. It has the advantages of being non-contact and be able to interrogate a large surface simultaneously. Active thermography using flash lamps as heat source has been demonstrated for identifying blind holes and delamination in composites. Despite these advancements, active thermographic approach fails to defects like cracks. Under uniform illumination heat flow is predominantly 1D and can easily circumvent a narrow feature. This can be overcome by using a focused light/laser source onto the surface to impose a 3D heat flux. The disadvantage is that …

Signal Integrity Analysis Of A Low Cost Pcb To Pcb System, Kancy Robison

Masters Theses

"This report presents the analysis of a low cost PCB to PCB cable and connector system focusing on its data rate limitations and optimizing transmitter and receiver operations. Economic factors have an ineluctable presence in digital hardware engineering and, as data rates are continually pushed to new bounds, finding cheaper alternatives in hardware while maintaining performance standards becomes more relevant. This study will show the measurement and simulation of a low cost digital system which includes a PCB board, connector, and a multi-pin flex cable (ribbon cable). These S-parameter and TDR measurements/simulations are used to gain an intuition for the …