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2008

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Articles 4111 - 4140 of 4190

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Faster Optimal State-Space Search With Graph Decomposition And Reduced Expansion, Yixin Chen Jan 2008

Faster Optimal State-Space Search With Graph Decomposition And Reduced Expansion, Yixin Chen

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Traditional AI search methods, such as BFS, DFS, and A*, look for a path from a starting state to the goal in a state space most typically modelled as a directed graph. Prohibitively large sizes of the state space graphs make optimal search difficult. A key observation, as manifested by the SAS+ formalism for planning, is that most commonly a state-space graph is well structured as the Cartesian product of several small subgraphs. This paper proposes novel search algorithms that exploit such structure. The results reveal that standard search algorithms may explore many redundant paths. Our algorithms provide an automatic …


Analysis And Optimization Of Mobile Phone Antenna Radiation Performance In The Presence Of Head And Hand Phantoms, Erdem Ofli, Chung-Huan Li, Nicolas Chavannes, Niels Kuster Jan 2008

Analysis And Optimization Of Mobile Phone Antenna Radiation Performance In The Presence Of Head And Hand Phantoms, Erdem Ofli, Chung-Huan Li, Nicolas Chavannes, Niels Kuster

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A commercial clam shell phone CAD model is used to numerically investigate the effect of a hand phantom on mobile phone antenna radiation performance. The simulation results show that the grip of the hand phantom is the most important parameter to antenna performance. The antenna is converted into a parameterized form, then optimized to achieve the targeted multi-band performance in real-usage conditions.


Method Of Moments Solution By Using Sinc-Type Basis Functions For The Scattering From A Finite Number Of Conducting Strip Gratings, Taner Oğuzer, Fadil Kuyucuoğlu Jan 2008

Method Of Moments Solution By Using Sinc-Type Basis Functions For The Scattering From A Finite Number Of Conducting Strip Gratings, Taner Oğuzer, Fadil Kuyucuoğlu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A numerical method of moments (MoM) solution is applied to the electromagnetic scattering from a periodic finite conducting strip array when the incident electromagnetic plane wave E and H polarizations illuminate the grating. For such grating strip geometry, we deal with singular integral equations arising from Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions. MoM is applied using band-limited sinc functions as basis and testing functions. The Galerkin approach is followed in MoM formulation. The properties of the sinc function, with the infinite integral, are exploited in the computations of the main matrix elements. Also, the error in our approach goes to zero …


Zero Crossing Counter For Accuracy Improvement Of Fmcw Range Detection, Si̇nan Kurt, Şi̇mşek Demi̇r, Altunkan Hizal Jan 2008

Zero Crossing Counter For Accuracy Improvement Of Fmcw Range Detection, Si̇nan Kurt, Şi̇mşek Demi̇r, Altunkan Hizal

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

For civil and military purposes FMCW radars are widely used. The theoretical background is well-established. Nevertheless, improvement of various aspects of these radars is still required. Signal processing is one of the crucial points of the system which determines the capabilities of the radar. In this study a zero crossing detector implementation, which can be efficiently used for target detection and range calculation in short range FMCW range detector is proposed. The duration between consecutive zero-crossings are used as the data instead of the number of cycles per unit time. Experimental evaluation of its performance is also given.


Comparison Of Basic Linear Filters In Extracting Auditory Evoked Potentials, Serap Aydin Jan 2008

Comparison Of Basic Linear Filters In Extracting Auditory Evoked Potentials, Serap Aydin

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In the present study, the performances of two well-known linear filtering techniques are compared for extraction of auditory Evoked Potential (EP) from a relatively small number of sweeps. Both experimental and simulated data are filtered by the two algorithms into two groups. Group A consists of Wiener filtering (WF) applications, where conventional WF and Coherence Weighted WF (CWWF)) have been assessed in combination with the Subspace Method (SM). Group B consists of the well-known adaptive filtering algorithms Least Mean Square (LMS), Recursive Least Square (RLS), and one-step Kalman filtering (KF). Both groups are tested with respect to signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) …


Biomedical Circuits And Systems Dedicated For Sensing And Neurostimulation: Case Study On Urinary Bladder Dysfunctions, Mohamad Sawan, Aguibou Ba, Faycal Mounaim, Jacques Corcos, Mostafa Elhilali Jan 2008

Biomedical Circuits And Systems Dedicated For Sensing And Neurostimulation: Case Study On Urinary Bladder Dysfunctions, Mohamad Sawan, Aguibou Ba, Faycal Mounaim, Jacques Corcos, Mostafa Elhilali

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper covers circuits and systems techniques for the construction of high reliability biosensing and neurostimulation smart medical devices. Such microsystems are dedicated for interconnections through the peripheral neural systems. Case study related to applications such as bladder control is discussed. Available electrical neurostimulation techniques for the rehabilitation of urinary bladder functions do not allow an adequate voiding due to dyssynergia between the bladder and the sphincter. A new implantable stimulator, built with commercially available electronic components, was designed to overcome these difficulties. The proposed system performs two types of stimulations: Selective Stimulation for bladder voiding and Permanent Stimulation to …


Role Of Artificial Intelligence In The Reliability Evaluation Of Electric Power Systems, Chanan Singh, Lingfeng Wang Jan 2008

Role Of Artificial Intelligence In The Reliability Evaluation Of Electric Power Systems, Chanan Singh, Lingfeng Wang

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Every reliability analysis effort, in some way, involves searching the state space of the system for those states that represent the events of interest, typically failure of the system or a given node to meet the demand. This essentially translates into a search procedure to efficiently identify states to be examined and then using a mechanism to evaluate these states. Traditionally, reliability analysis methods are based either on an implicit or explicit enumeration process or Monte Carlo sampling. More recently, methods based on artificial intelligence have been investigated both as an alternative to Monte Carlo for the search process as …


Dispersion Analysis Of The Adi-Fdtd And S-Fdtd Methods, Mehmet Kuşaf, Abdullah Y. Öztoprak Jan 2008

Dispersion Analysis Of The Adi-Fdtd And S-Fdtd Methods, Mehmet Kuşaf, Abdullah Y. Öztoprak

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Numerical dispersion performances of ADI-FDTD and S-FDTD methods have been compared. It has been shown that for time steps below the stability limits of the S-FDTD method it has much better dispersion performance compared with the ADI-FDTD method and that the S-FDTD method can be usefully employed for space increments in the order of \lambda/25 to \lambda/50.


Pattern Synthesis With Uniform Circular Arrays For The Reduction Of Wcdma Intercell Interference, Mohammed Al-Husseini, Elias Yaacoub, Karim Y. Kabalan, Ali El-Hajj Jan 2008

Pattern Synthesis With Uniform Circular Arrays For The Reduction Of Wcdma Intercell Interference, Mohammed Al-Husseini, Elias Yaacoub, Karim Y. Kabalan, Ali El-Hajj

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The deployment of advanced antenna arrays at the base stations of cellular systems is a key technique in reducing intercell interference, and thus increasing the number of served users. Uniform circular arrays (UCAs) provide 360 degrees of coverage, their patterns are steering-invariant and their sidelobe levels are controllable. This paper investigates the use of UCAs having specially synthesized patterns at the base stations of WCDMA cellular systems. The decrease in the ratio of intercell interference to intracell power resulting from the use of these arrays in a beam-steering scheme will be assessed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each pattern …


Distance Relaying Algorithm For Double-Circuit Transmission Line With Compensation For Reactance Effect Under Standard Availability Of Measurements, Jan Izykowski, Marcin Bozek Jan 2008

Distance Relaying Algorithm For Double-Circuit Transmission Line With Compensation For Reactance Effect Under Standard Availability Of Measurements, Jan Izykowski, Marcin Bozek

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper deals with non-pilot distance protection of a double-circuit transmission line. Negative impact of the reactance effect, appearing in measuring a fault loop impedance, on operation of the relay is discussed. An adaptive algorithm allowing one to prevent the relay from mis- or mal-operation caused by the reactance effect is introduced. The algorithm is designed for a standard availability of measurements from one end of the double-circuit line, i.e. when three-phase voltage and current from the faulted line circuit, and additionally zero-sequence current from the healthy line circuit, are provided as the relay input signals. The algorithm is based …


Power Distortion Issues In Wind Turbine Power Systems Under Transient States, Tadeusz Lobos, Jacek Rezmer, Tomasz Sikorski, Zbigniew Waclawek Jan 2008

Power Distortion Issues In Wind Turbine Power Systems Under Transient States, Tadeusz Lobos, Jacek Rezmer, Tomasz Sikorski, Zbigniew Waclawek

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper time-frequency methods have been investigated for complex investigations of transient states in wind power plants. Application of parallel processing in time and frequency domain brought new findings in description of wind power plants working under transient conditions. Proposed algorithms represents standard Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) as well as alternative methods associated with Cohen's class: Choi-Williams Distribution (CWD) and Zhao-Atlas-Marks Distribution (ZAMD). In order to explore advantages and disadvantages of the method several experiments were performed using model of squirrel-cage induction machine connected directly to the grid. Investigated phenomena concerned power distortion caused by switching-on capacitor banks and …


Evolutionary Algorithms For The Unit Commitment Problem, A. Şi̇ma Uyar, Belgi̇n Türkay Jan 2008

Evolutionary Algorithms For The Unit Commitment Problem, A. Şi̇ma Uyar, Belgi̇n Türkay

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper compares three evolutionary computation techniques, namely Steady-State Genetic Algorithms, Evolutionary Strategies and Differential Evolution for the Unit Commitment Problem. The comparison is based on a set of experiments conducted on benchmark datasets as well as on real-world data obtained from the Turkish Interconnected Power System. The results of two state-of-the-art evolutionary approaches, namely a Generational Genetic Algorithm and a Memetic Algorithm for the same benchmark datasets are also included in the paper for comparison. The tests show that Differential Evolution is the best performer among all approaches on the test data used in the paper. The performances of …


A Unified Methodology Of Maintenance Management For Repairable Systems Based On Optimal Stopping Theory, Hongye Wang Jan 2008

A Unified Methodology Of Maintenance Management For Repairable Systems Based On Optimal Stopping Theory, Hongye Wang

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the study of maintenance management for repairable systems based on optimal stopping theory. From reliability engineering’s point of view, all systems are subject to deterioration with age and usage. System deterioration can take various forms, including wear, fatigue, fracture, cracking, breaking, corrosion, erosion and instability, any of which may ultimately cause the system to fail to perform its required function. Consequently, controlling system deterioration through maintenance and thus controlling the risk of system failure becomes beneficial or even necessary. Decision makers constantly face two fundamental problems with respect to system maintenance. One is whether or when …


Fabrication Of Micro Bumps For Micro Scale Thermal Management, Ajay Ashok Kardak Jan 2008

Fabrication Of Micro Bumps For Micro Scale Thermal Management, Ajay Ashok Kardak

LSU Master's Theses

Cryopreservation is storage of biological systems at ultra low temperatures for a prolonged duration; such that they can be thawed and restored to the same living state. It is important to understand the behavior of cells when they are subjected to subzero temperatures. Research in this area has shown the occurrence of two main biophysical events; cellular dehydration and intracellular ice formation. Current techniques for characterizing the dehydration in cells as part of a tissue are not adequate for studying intracellular ice formation in tissues. An integrated device consisting of an array of thermal sensors (microthermocouples) and actuators (microthermoelectric coolers) …


Adsorption And Photochemical Transformation Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons On Atmospheric Water Films, Jing Chen Jan 2008

Adsorption And Photochemical Transformation Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons On Atmospheric Water Films, Jing Chen

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Atmospheric water films affect the processing of chemicals in the atmosphere and have potential effects on human health and the environment. In this work, adsorption and photochemical transformations of gas-phase PAHs were studied in a flow-tube photo-reactor with a view to understanding the behavior of gas-phase PAHs occurring in thin water films such as those of aerosols and fog. Naphthalene and phenanthrene were chosen as model PAHs for this study. Bulk water-air and air-to-interface partition constants of naphthalene and phenanthrene were estimated from the experiments based on the dependence of the equilibrium uptake on the water film thickness. Theoretical computations …


Effect Of Hydrated Lime On The Laboratory Performance Of Superpave Mixtures, Md Sharear Kabir Jan 2008

Effect Of Hydrated Lime On The Laboratory Performance Of Superpave Mixtures, Md Sharear Kabir

LSU Master's Theses

Permanent deformation and moisture damage are the most common distresses found in asphalt pavements today. Extensive experimental studies have revealed that the use of hydrated lime in Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) mixtures can reduce permanent deformation, long-term aging, and moisture susceptibility of mixtures. In addition, it increases the stiffness and fatigue resistance of mixtures. The objectives of this study were to evaluate (1) the fundamental engineering properties of HMA mixtures containing hydrated lime compared to conventional mixtures designed to meet the current Louisiana Superpave specifications and (2) the influence of the method of addition of hydrated lime on the mechanical properties …


Introducing Hands-On Simulation Activities In Introduction To Engineering & Engineering Technology Class To Keep Students Engaged, Alok Verma Jan 2008

Introducing Hands-On Simulation Activities In Introduction To Engineering & Engineering Technology Class To Keep Students Engaged, Alok Verma

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Low enrollment and high attrition rates have often plagued Engineering and Engineering Technology programs. Part of this problem can be attributed to the lack of engaging hands-on activities during the first year of instruction. Most engineering and technology programs require students to take natural science, math and some general education courses during the first two years with minimal technical content. To maintain student's interest in the technical career path, it is important that students establish a link between the theoretical knowledge and its application to solve real life problems early in their learning experience. Simulation based activities have a proven …


Analysis Of Resonating Microcantilevers Operating In A Viscous Liquid Environment, Cyril Vančura, Isabelle Dufour, Stephen M. Heinrich, Fabien Josse, Andreas Hierlemann Jan 2008

Analysis Of Resonating Microcantilevers Operating In A Viscous Liquid Environment, Cyril Vančura, Isabelle Dufour, Stephen M. Heinrich, Fabien Josse, Andreas Hierlemann

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The characteristics of resonant cantilevers in viscous liquids are analyzed. Various rectangular cantilevers geometries are studied in pure water, glycerol and ethanol solutions of different concentrations, and the results are described in terms of the added displaced liquid mass and the liquid damping force for both, the resonance frequency and the quality factor (Q-factor). Experimental results using a set of magnetically actuated resonant cantilevers vibrating in the out-of-plane (“weak-axis bending”) mode are presented and compared to theoretical calculations. The importance of the study is in the use of resonant cantilevers as biochemical sensors in liquid environments.


Columbia University/Vireo-Cityu/Irit Trecvid2008 High-Level Feature Extraction And Interactive Video Search, Shih-Fu Chang, Junfeng He, Yu-Gang Jiang, Elie El Khoury, Chong-Wah Ngo, Akira Yanagawa, Eric Zavesky Jan 2008

Columbia University/Vireo-Cityu/Irit Trecvid2008 High-Level Feature Extraction And Interactive Video Search, Shih-Fu Chang, Junfeng He, Yu-Gang Jiang, Elie El Khoury, Chong-Wah Ngo, Akira Yanagawa, Eric Zavesky

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this report, we present overview and comparative analysis of our HLF detection system, which achieves the top performance among all type-A submissions in 2008. We also describe preliminary evaluation of our video search system, CuZero, in the interactive search task.


Physical Layer Secrecy Channel Coding, Bandali K. Akkawi Jan 2008

Physical Layer Secrecy Channel Coding, Bandali K. Akkawi

LSU Master's Theses

Wireless communications is expanding and becoming an indispensable part of our daily life. However, due to its channel open nature, it is more vulnerable to attacks, such as eavesdropping and jamming which jeopardize the confidentiality of wireless data, compared to its counter-part, wireline communications. Security in wireless communication is thus a very important factor that should be perfected to accommodate the rapid growth of wireless communication today. Motivated by information theoretic secrecy definitions, we adopt a simple way to define the secrecy of a system by looking at its Bit-Error-Rate (BER) curves, the correlation of error vectors and Log Likelihood …


Development Of An Algorithm For Switching Compensator Control Based On The Currents' Physical Components Theory, Samuel Pearce Jan 2008

Development Of An Algorithm For Switching Compensator Control Based On The Currents' Physical Components Theory, Samuel Pearce

LSU Master's Theses

Development of a three-phase switching compensator algorithm, based on the Currents’ Physical Components (CPC) power theory and capable of performing in real time, is the subject of this thesis. The compensator algorithm could be implemented to control a PWM Inverter, which would perform as a shunt switching compensator of harmonic, reactive and unbalanced currents or a customizable combination of the three. The hardware used to demonstrate the ability of the algorithm to perform within the restraints or real time operation is a Motorola DSP56F807 evaluation mode DSP board and a set of voltage and current sensors. The Evaluation Board was …


Experimental Investigation Of Unsaturated Soil Stiffness, Ananth Bukkapatnam Tirumala Jan 2008

Experimental Investigation Of Unsaturated Soil Stiffness, Ananth Bukkapatnam Tirumala

LSU Master's Theses

Soil stiffness is a strain dependent non-linear parameter. Stiffness is the measure of soil deformation under a particular working load. It can used for predicting ground deformation in engineering earthworks such as highway embankments and foundations. Non-linear analyses for ground behavior have been widely used for developing models to predict the small –strain characteristics of the soil (Atkinson, 2000). This thesis provides a new insight into the behavior of soil stiffness. We used the wave propagation technique to determine the stiffness and term it as the small strain shear modulus (Gmax) of the soil. The objective of the thesis was …


Internal Cooling In Ribbed Rectangular (Ar=4:1) Passages At High Rotation Numbers And Improvement In Finning Strategies, Fuguo Zhou Jan 2008

Internal Cooling In Ribbed Rectangular (Ar=4:1) Passages At High Rotation Numbers And Improvement In Finning Strategies, Fuguo Zhou

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Experimental studies have been performed on two-pass rectangular internal coolant channels with aspect ratio AR 4:1 with high rotation numbers. Three passages are investigated: smooth, 90 deg ribbed and 45 deg ribbed. A maximum Reynolds number of 150,000 and a maximum rotation number of 0.6 are achieved in the study. These maximum parameter values are considerably higher than those previously reported for the 4:1 AR geometry, and provide data for parameter ranges that may be representative of certain modern turbine blades. Heat transfer behaviors with rotation in the three passages are presented. Rotation effects, density effects and buoyancy effects are …


Elasto-Plastic And Damage Modeling Of Reinforced Concrete, Ziad N. Taqieddin Jan 2008

Elasto-Plastic And Damage Modeling Of Reinforced Concrete, Ziad N. Taqieddin

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Modeling the mechanical behavior of Reinforced Concrete (RC) is still one of the most difficult challenges in the field of structural engineering. The Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (NFEA) and modeling of the behavior of RC members are the primary goals of this study. The macroscopic components of RC, Concrete material and reinforcing steel, are represented herein by separate material models. These material models are combined together using a model that describes the global effect of interaction between reinforcing steel and concrete in order to simulate the behavior of the composite RC material. A thermodynamically consistent constitutive model for concrete that …


Moderately-Rapid Assessment Of Alkaline Desiccation Environmental Systems, David Alan Bates Jan 2008

Moderately-Rapid Assessment Of Alkaline Desiccation Environmental Systems, David Alan Bates

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

A moderately-rapid assessment tool was developed to analyze the waterless desiccation compost toilet investigated in a rural Mexican setting. Over 100 social factors were identified along with the applicable technical factors that influenced the low acceptability of the toilets. A 4-point rating scale was developed to increase the ability and speed of analyzing both the social and technical data. The treatment process was an alkaline-desiccation process with mean pH values of 8.2 ± sd 1.1 and water content of 18.3% ± sd 9.9, which resulted in mean fecal coliform values of 15.0 MPN/g ± sd 31.8, drastically lower than the …


Nonlocal Gradient-Dependent Modeling Of Plasticity With Anisotropic Hardening, Gerald Pekmezi Jan 2008

Nonlocal Gradient-Dependent Modeling Of Plasticity With Anisotropic Hardening, Gerald Pekmezi

LSU Master's Theses

This work is concerned with the formulation of the thermodynamics of nonlocal plasticity using the gradient theory. The formulation is based on the nonlocality energy residual introduced by Eringen and Edelen (1972). Gradients are introduced for those variables associated with isotropic and kinematic hardening. The formulation applies to small strain gradient plasticity and makes use of the evanescent memory model for kinematic hardening. This is accomplished using the kinematic flux evolution as developed by Zbib and Aifantis (1987). Therefore, the present theory is a four nonlocal parameter-based theory that accounts for the influence of large variations in the plastic strain, …


Voltage Dip Mitigation For Motor Starters Using An Adaptive High Speed Relay Protection On The High Voltage Transmission System, Cesar Alberto Rincon Jan 2008

Voltage Dip Mitigation For Motor Starters Using An Adaptive High Speed Relay Protection On The High Voltage Transmission System, Cesar Alberto Rincon

LSU Master's Theses

Currently, the aging state of the protection systems for industrial facilities is calling for a system-wide review of the equipment and the protection schemes used in all these places, calling for a new approach in the design and implementation of these systems. Some of these facilities house critical processes that can be seriously affected by a misoperation of equipment or a disturbance in the system, aspects ranging from safety of plant workers to millions of dollars in loss of production. In this thesis different contingency situations were explored for problems in the utility transmission system that could affect large industrial …


Photocatalytic Oxidation Of Ethanol Using Macroporous Titania, Gibert Merle Magpantay Jan 2008

Photocatalytic Oxidation Of Ethanol Using Macroporous Titania, Gibert Merle Magpantay

LSU Master's Theses

Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) using TiO2 is a potential means of remediating poor indoor air quality that is attributed to low levels of volatile organic compounds (VOC). In this work, ethanol is chosen as a simple compound representative of VOC’s. The aim of this research is to establish a baseline for the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 in ethanol PCO as well as the photonic efficiency of the photoreactor. The PCO conversion could then be enhanced by using photocatalyst having a macroporous structure. A flat plate photoreactor, UV light delivery and a flow system was designed in this work to accomplish ethanol …


Application Of The Hyman Model To Evaluate The Water And Salt Budgets In Three Mangrove Sites Along Shark River, Everglades, Cheng-Feng Tsai Jan 2008

Application Of The Hyman Model To Evaluate The Water And Salt Budgets In Three Mangrove Sites Along Shark River, Everglades, Cheng-Feng Tsai

LSU Master's Theses

Mangrove trees play an important role in the maintenance and sustainability of coastal wetlands due to their ability to adapt and survive in a wide range of saline and tidal conditions. Hydrologic processes (e.g., inundation frequency) and salinity are important regulators controlling the growth and productivity of mangrove forests. To quantify how changes in landscape-level hydrology will influence these regulators in mangrove forests, the hydrology model (HYMAN) was applied to three sites with distinct tidal forcings along the Shark River estuary in the Everglades National Park. HYMAN model uses mass balance equation to determine daily water and salt budgets as …


Mercury Transport Through A Capped Sediment, Jianrong Liu Jan 2008

Mercury Transport Through A Capped Sediment, Jianrong Liu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Laboratory simulation cells were employed to evaluate the effectiveness of a sand cap for containing highly mercury-contaminated lake sediments and the resultant impacts on the mercury fate beneath the cap. Sand cap can delay and reduce the migration of mercury into the overlying water; however, due to the small partition coefficient of mercury between sand and water, a capping material with higher partition coefficient is better for the long-term containment of mercury. In the following study, efforts were made to identify and investigate an active capping material which works effectively at containing and inhibiting the methylation of mercury. Based on …