Engineering Commons^™

Decoupling Of Hamiltonian System With Applications To Linear Quadratic Problem, Vishal Gupta

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

This thesis provides a method of decoupling the Hamiltonian system with application to linear quadratic problem in control system. Resulting decoupled Hamiltonian system helps in formulating easy closed form solution to various optimal control problems. These closed form solution are improvement over the problem of solving first order nonlinear differential equations in conventional methods. Decoupling also eliminates the constraint, "Q = 0 " for certain type of optimal control.

Multi-Objective Evaluation Of Dynamic Facility Layout Using Ant Colony Optimization, Gary Yu-Hsin Chen

Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The Dynamic Facility Layout Problem (DFLP) deals with changes of facility layout throughout time. As an extension to Static Facility Layout Problem (SFLP), it has gathered increasing interests lately. Facility layouts are constantly modified over time either to meet customers' changing demands in product designs and functionalities or to keep pace with technological innovations. Manufacturers must stay flexible and agile and frequent facility layout changes are needed. Since there is often insufficient time and insufficient funding to build a new manufacturing plant, it is often necessary to rearrange the current plant layout. Even though the rearrangement of plant layout can …

On The Study Of Multi-Channel Eeg: Lossless Compression, Signal Modeling And Classification, Yodchanan Wongsawat

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Recently, electroencephalogram (EEG) has become necessary for diagnosis, telemedicine, and brain computer interface (BCI). This thesis investigates three signal processing tools which can explore multi-channel structures of the EEG for different applications such as lossless compression, artifact removal, and classification. First, this thesis presents a method for approximating the Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) of multi-channel EEG signals. The proposed transform is further parameterized by lifting factorization by which the coefficients' dynamic range is controlled through a proposed pivoting scheme, rendering a reversible structure under quantization of coefficients called IntSKLT. A lossless coder for multi-channel EEG signals which exploits inter-channel correlation among …

Integrated Mems Microsensors, Murali M. Chitteboyina

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Many Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) products have been commercialized at a fraction of the cost and size of conventional devices. Low cost, small sizes and multi-function are the ultimate objectives of commodity MEMS devices. An intelligent micro-system requires that the processing circuitry, sensors, and actuators be integrated on the same chip. Integrated MEMS can improve performance of the overall product in several applications. In this work integrated MEMS devices are investigated through semiconducting Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBaCuO) microbolometer arrays on complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) substrates, a novel tunable infrared microspectrometer, and a novel device-level packaging technique for MEMS resonators. …

Design And Functionality Analysis Of Operational Amplifiers With Rail-To-Rail Input And Output Capability, Mingsheng Peng

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The operational amplifier (op amp) is a fundamental building block in analog integrated circuit design. For low power-supply voltages, the common-mode input voltage and the output voltage of op amps are always required to be able to swing from the negative power-supply rail to the positive power-supply rail, i.e., rail-to-rail. In this dissertation, op amps with rail-to-rail input and output capability are investigated. This dissertation mainly focuses on the rail-to-rail input stage design. Two different rail-to-rail input stages with a single differential pair and a common-mode adapter are presented. The common-mode adapter is used to shift the common-mode input voltage. …

A Potential Field Approach For Distributed Control Of Discrete Actuator And Sensor Arrays, Pritpal S. Dang

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

This dissertation presents new methods of distributed sensing, classification and actuation using potential field and neural network approaches. Human look-a-like robot serves as an excellent tool to implement the strategies developed for sensing, classification and actuation. Achieving dexterity in human-machine interaction or human look-a-like robot helps in better understanding of dynamic and complex environment. This work deals with the issues related to gain autonomy and adaptability through distributed sensing, classification and actuation capabilities. The work presented here starts by mentioning novel strategies employed for morphing a flexible structure to achieve the desired expressions on the artificial skin and then moves …

Sequences Of Bayes Gaussian Classifier, Jimy Shah

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

A new method for designing sequences of Bayes Gaussian Classifiers is presented in this thesis. First, a basic Bayes Gaussian Classifier is designed with an assumption of data being Gaussian. Then, we have used the Output Weight Optimization-Back Propagation (OWO-BP) technique to iteratively modify the coefficients of the classifier, resulting in less classification error. Through use of an iterative Gram-Schmidt procedure, to train linear functional link nets, input features are ordered from most useful to least useful. Another important development in this thesis is the generation of nested feature subsets. This ensures that the curve for error percentage versus the …

Embedded System For Monitoring Human Activities Using 3-Axis Accelerometer, Himabindu Yamana

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

The last decade has witnessed a surge of interest in new sensing and monitoring devices for health care. In several medical and non-medical applications it is necessary to measure the human activities. Detection and monitoring of human activities requires the use of external sensors around the body. The reported design provides a systematic approach for characterization of states. The design employs a 3-axis accelerometer, a microcontroller and RS232 based communication protocol for sensing the activities of a person and the output will be seen on a PC with a graphical user interface. Experiments were conducted on human test subjects and …

Glycosaminoglycan Stabilization In Bovine Pericardium, Lauren Browne

All Theses

Glutaraldehyde crosslinked bovine pericardium has been used for fabrication of bioprosthetic heart valves as well as cardiac patches for soft tissue repair. However, calcification and limited mechanical stability result in shortened life for the prostheses. Previous research has shown that glutaraldehyde crosslinking does not stabilize glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and that GAGs are lost from porcine bioprosthetic heart valves[1]. Bovine pericardial tissue is composed of an amorphous network of collagen and elastin fibers, proteoglycans, and GAGs. The GAGs of bovine pericardium include dermatan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronan [2].
It is hypothesized that Glut does not stabilize GAGs in pericardium and loss …

The Effect Of Temperature On Fiber Composite Bridge Decks, Mahesh Gajula Nagabhushanam

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

The use of Fiber composite honeycomb structure's as bridge decks gained importance, because of its low light weight and ease of installation. In this study, The Fiber composite bridge decks were subjected to thermal gradients. The Fiber composite bridge decks were fabricated in sizes of 2 feet x 8 feet x .5 feet and 4 feet x 8 feet x .5 feet specimens by Kansas structural composites Inc. The program consisted of 3 specimens of size 2 feet x 8 feet x .5 feet with ribs oriented along longitudinal direction, 3 specimens of size 2 feet x 8 feet x …

Deep Mixing Technology For Mitigation Of Swell-Shrink Behavior Of Expansive Soils Of Moderate To Deep Active Depths, Raja Sekhar Madhyannapu

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Expansive soils are well known for their cyclic shrink-swell behavior due to seasonal related moisture changes. These cyclic movements of expansive soils are due to physico-chemical changes at particle level that are dependent on mineralogical composition of these soils. The subsoil depths susceptible to moisture changes are known as active zones and based on previous studies vary from shallow to deep depths. Movements from these active depths reflect to the surface and cause considerable damages to overlying infrastructures. These damages are slow and time dependent as the in situ moisture fluctuations are slow and continue with time. Since the current …

Fiscal Year 2007 Fhwa-536 Report For The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, Steven Douglas Kreis

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) requires state transportation agencies to submit a biennial report on local highway finances. The purpose of these reports is to provide FHWA with the data it needs to capture the financing of highway activities at the local level. Based on this information, it can identify trends in revenue, expenditures, investments, and program development, and in turn make decisions about future investments. The report, FHWA-536, asks agencies to report on four areas of local highway finance: 1) disposition of highway-user revenues; 2) revenues used for roads and streets identified by source and funding type; 3) road …

An Investigation On The Corrosion Resistance And Stress Corrosion Cracking Of Ductile Ni-Resist Cast Irons In Desalination Plants., Yahya Abdulla Alzafin

Theses

Two cases of stress corrosion cracking failures of brine pumps casings have been reported. These pumps are installed in two desalination plants located on the coast of Arabian Gulf in UAE. The materials of construction of failed parts are Ni-Resist Ductile Irons (NDI) and the environment is brine, which is concentrated seawater. Two brands of pumps had different lives to total failure; one lived 18 years while the other lasted only 5 years. The failed parts of former pumps were made out of NDI material as per American standard ASTM A439 D2 (designated D material) whereas those of latter pumps …

Function-Technology-Based Product Platform Formation, Rupesh Kumar, Venkat Allada

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Product platforms have been effectively used by many successful companies for product family design. Technological advancements and changes in customer needs pose problems for robustly designing product platforms over a given planning horizon. to date, most product platform formation approaches are directed by structural (subassemblies and components) considerations and are seldom undertaken at the conceptual design stage. We argue that product platform design should commence at the conceptual design stage rather than the detailed design stage. It is noteworthy that physical structures are the end results of designs already frozen at higher level of functional abstraction. Hence, tackling the platform …

Time Series Prediction As A Problem Of Missing Values: Application To Estsp2007 And Nn3 Competition Benchmarks, Antti Sorjamaa, Amaury Lendasse

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In This Paper, Time Series Prediction is Considered as a Problem of Missing Values. a Method for the Determination of the Missing Time Series Values is Presented. the Method is based on Two Projection Methods: A Nonlinear One (Self-Organized Maps) and a Linear One (Empirical Orthogonal Functions). the Presented Global Methodology Combines the Advantages of Both Methods to Get Accurate Candidates for the Prediction Values. the Methods Are Applied to Two Time Series Competition Datasets. ©2007 IEEE.

A Closed Form Solution For Multiple-Input Spike Based Adaptive Filters, Il Park, António R.C. Paiva, José C. Príncipe, John G. Harris

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Neurons are point process systems, in the sense that the inputs and output which are spike trains can be treated as point processes. System identification of a point process system has been studied mostly with single input. However, multiple input is required in many applications such as liquid state machines or neural prosthetics. We propose a simple multiple-input spike based adaptive filter which is based on an integrate-and-fire neuron model. The optimal closed solution is derived, and the performance is analyzed with respect to noise in various parameters and measurement. ©2007 IEEE.

Neural-Network-Based Intelligent Control For Improving Dynamic Performance Of Facts Devices, Wei Qiao, Ronald G. Harley, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) devices are widely recognized as powerful controllers to improve the dynamic performance and stability of power systems. the standard FACTS controllers are linear controllers designed around a specific operating point from a linearized system model with fixed parameters. However, at other operating points their performance degrades. Neural-network-Based nonlinear intelligent control offers an attractive approach to overcome the drawbacks of the linear controllers. This paper presents two different neural-network-Based intelligent control architectures, i.e., indirect adaptive NeuroControl and adaptive critic design based optimal NeuroControl, for designing the external control of an SSSC FACTS device. Simulation studies are …

Novel And Efficient Download Test For Two Path Echo Canceller, Mohammad Asif Iqbal, Steven L. Grant

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The two-path echo cancellation technique is a popular method for handling the double-talk problem in acoustic and line echo cancellation applications. the method uses two filters. a so-called background adaptive filter adapts its coefficients to predict echo all or most of the time regardless of signal activity on the near end. a second foreground filter, that also predicts the echo, receives it coefficients from the background filter, but only when the background is performing better than the foreground. Only the foreground residual echo is sent to the far-end. so any background divergence due to double-talk is not observed by the …

Collaborative Routing Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Network Longevity, Shishir Bashyal, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study proposes a new parameter for evaluating longevity of wireless sensor networks after showing that the existing parameters do not properly evaluate the performance of algorithms in increasing longevity. This study also proposes an ant inspired Collaborative Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network Longevity (CRAWL) that has scalability and adaptability features required in most wireless sensor networks. Using the proposed longevity metrics and implementing the algorithm in simulations, it is shown that CRAWL is much more adaptive to non-uniform distribution of available energy in sensor networks. The performance of CRAWL is compared to that of a non-collaborative algorithm. Both …

Creating Micro- And Nanostructures On Tubular And Spherical Surfaces, O. Lima, L. Tan, A. Goel, Lmehrdad Negahban, Z. Li

Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience: Faculty Publications

The authors developed a new technique to create micro- and nanometer scale structures on curved free-standing objects by combining embossing/imprinting lithography approaches with mechanical loadings on elastic films. Embossing/imprinting generates small structures and mechanical loading determines shape or geometry of the final object. As a result, a portion of the tubes with a radius between 0.5 and 3.5 mm and a portion of the spheres with a radius between 2.4 and 7.0 mm were fabricated with grating line features (period of 700 nm) and microlens array features (lens radius of 2.5 µm) atop, respectively. It was found that both static …

Rideability Issues For Asphalt And Concrete Specification Modifications, Brad Rister, Clark Graves

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Concerns have been raised regarding the differences between the incentive/disincentive determination procedures as well as the pay adjustments for rideability between asphalt and concrete projects. This report will attempt to do the following:

1. Address the differences between concrete and asphalt rideability specifications by looking at Kentucky’s historical rideability specifications and the specifications of peer states.
2. Review the necessity to revise current specifications based on historical rideability data, peer states rideability specifications, technological advancements in placement of roadway materials, and technological advancements in measuring rideability after construction.
3. Evaluate the monetary impact of a revised rideability specification on the latest year’s data. …

Elastic Breakup In Uniaxial Extension Of Entangled Polymer Melts, Yangyang Wang, Pouyan Boukany, Shi-Qing Wang, Xiaorong Wang

College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering

Five entangled melts, with the number of entanglements per chain ranging from 25 to 160, have been studied to illustrate how cohesive strength can be overcome in either continuous or interrupted extension (i.e., during or after uniaxial stretching). The internal elastic stress due to chain deformation from imposed strain appears to be the cause of the observed yielding behavior that reveals scaling laws. The visual signature of the elastic breakup is the occurrence of nonuniform extension. The yield phenomena may be understood at a force level.

A Computer Model Of Gluconeogenesis And Lipid Metabolism In The Perfused Liver, Elie Chalhoub, Richard W. Hanson, Joanne M. Belovich

Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

A mathematical model of the perfused rat liver was developed to predict intermediate metabolite concentrations and fluxes in response to changes in various substrate concentrations in the perfusion medium. The model simulates gluconeogenesis in the liver perfused separately with lactate and pyruvate and the combination of these substrates with fatty acids (oleate). The model consists of key reactions representing gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and ketogenesis. Michaelis-Menten-type kinetic expressions, with control by ATP/ADP, are used for many of the reactions. For key regulated reactions (fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate carboxylase, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, and pyruvate kinase), rate …

A Coupled Fluid-Structure Model Of A Therapeutic Ultrasound Angioplasty Wire Waveguide, Graham Gavin, Finbar Dolan, M.S. Hashmi, Garrett Mcguinness

Articles

Ultrasonic longitudinal displacements, delivered to the distal tips of small diameter wire waveguides, have been shown to be capable of disrupting complicated atherosclerotic plaques during vascular interventions. These ultrasonic displacements can disrupt plaques by direct contact ablation but also by pressure waves, associated cavitation and acoustic streaming developed in the surrounding blood and tissue cavities. The pressure waves developed within the arterial lumen appear to play a major role but are complex to predict as they are determined by the distal tip output of the wire waveguide (both displacement and frequency), the geometric features of the waveguide tip and the …

Flow Structures In An Enclosed Simplified Full Scale Under-Hood Engine Compartment During Steady State Operation, Chin Hoong Leong

Masters Theses

An experimental study of flow structures in an enclosed simplified full scale under-hood engine compartment will be conducted during steady state operation using whole field velocity measuring technique. 2D Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is planned for multiple cross sections in the test volume. Emphasis is given on understanding the flow structures of the 3D under-hood flow using multiple 2D PIV measurements. A recent study conducted on the engine compartment only consists of three 2D PIV measurement cross sections that sufficiently display 2D flow behavior at specific regions. Therefore, a detailed 3D flow mapping in the enclosure on various cross sections …

Deconvolution And Segmentation Of Ground Penetrating Radar Images, Vincent Krause

Masters Theses

Ground Penetrating Radar is a valuable tool for infrastructure condition evaluation as well as in archaeology and geology. The image produced by a GPR scan can be difficult to interpret due to the weak reflection amplitude, the overlap of reflections, and due to outside interference. This thesis proposes an algorithm to automate GPR scan interpretation. This will enable maintenance engineers to read GPR scans quickly and accurately.

The proposed algorithm framework uses an optimization-based deconvolution technique followed by a segmentation process. Each column of the image is deconvoluted and thus reducing them to a list of ordered pairs of reflection …

An Estimation Of Distribution Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm, Raghavendra V. Kulkarni, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

PSO is a powerful evolutionary algorithm used for finding global solution to a multidimensional problem. Particles in PSO tend to re-explore already visited bad solution regions of search space because they do not learn as a whole. This is avoided by restricting particles into promising regions through probabilistic modeling of the archive of best solutions. This paper presents hybrids of estimation of distribution algorithm and two PSO variants. These algorithms are tested on benchmark functions having high dimensionalities. Results indicate that the methods strengthen the global optimization abilities of PSO and therefore, serve as attractive choices to determine solutions to …

Cross-Layer Design For Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor Networks, Xinsheng Xia

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Cross-layer design is an efficient approach to enhance energy efficiency and Quality of Service (QoS) in wireless ad hoc sensor networks. This dissertation will focus on the cross-layer issues and approaches. It will also discuss the latency-aware and energy efficiency tadeoffs and the packets transmission in the rear part of the dissertation. Firstly, we will analyze the cross-layer design for wireless sensor networks based on the virtual MIMO techniques. We will coordinate the physical layer, the MAC layer and the network layer for cross-layer evaluation. Performance analysis and simulation results show that throughput and packet loss ratio will have different …

Measurement And Modeling Of 1/F Noise In Mosfet Devices With High-Κ Material As The Gate Dielectric, Tanvir Hasan Morshed

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

A new 1/f noise model has been developed for MOSFET devices with high-? gate stack. To investigate the impacts of nitridation, MOSFETs with nitrided high-? dielectric was used. These devices were provided by Texas Instruments, having four different interfacial layer thicknesses with a stack composition of SiON/HfSiON. The dominant mechanism affecting the noise behavior of these devices was experimentally determined to be correlated number and mobility fluctuation. The impact of remote phonon scattering was investigated in the temperature range of 172K to 300K. It has been observed that the mobility characteristics of these devices were significantly affected by remote phonon …

Evaluation Of The Role Of Driver’S Knowledge Of Who Has The Right-Of-Way Contributes To Interstate On-Ramp Crashes, Deogratias Eustace, Vamsi Krishna Indupuru

Civil and Environmental Engineering and Engineering Mechanics Faculty Publications

The knowledge of drivers on who has the right-of-way between the one on mainline lanes of a freeway and the one entering the freeway through on-ramp junction lane was evaluated. In addition, drivers’ opinions on how to make the on-ramp junctions safer were collected. A survey instrument with 21 items requesting drivers’ information in regard with demographics, freeway driving experience, knowledge of right-of-way and merging practices was used for data collection. The results show that crashes are relatively rare events and for some reasons, most of them never happen but result into near misses, which can not be reported and …