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2006

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Articles 2131 - 2160 of 3391

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Effect Of Hydrostatic Pressure On The Current-Voltage Characteristics Of Gan∕Algan∕Gan Heterostructure Devices, Y. Liu, M. Z. Kauser, D. D. Schroepfer, P. P. Ruden, J. Xie, Y. T. Moon, N. Onojima, H. Morkoç, K.-A. Son, M. I. Nathan Jan 2006

Effect Of Hydrostatic Pressure On The Current-Voltage Characteristics Of Gan∕Algan∕Gan Heterostructure Devices, Y. Liu, M. Z. Kauser, D. D. Schroepfer, P. P. Ruden, J. Xie, Y. T. Moon, N. Onojima, H. Morkoç, K.-A. Son, M. I. Nathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

The current-voltage characteristics of n-GaN∕u-AlGaN∕n-GaN heterostructure devices are investigated for potential pressure sensor applications. Model calculations suggest that the current decreases with pressure as a result of the piezoelectric effect, and this effect becomes more significant with thicker AlGaN layers and increasing AlN composition. The change in current with pressure is shown to be highly sensitive to the change in interfacial polarization charge densities. The concept is verified by measuring the current versus voltage characteristics of an n-GaN∕u-Al0.2Ga0.8N∕n-GaN device under hydrostatic pressure over the range of 0–5 kbars. The measured current is found to decrease approximately linearly with applied pressure …

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Growth Optimization And Structural Analysis For Ferromagnetic Mn-Doped Zno Layers Deposited By Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering, M. Abouzaid, P. Ruterana, C. Liu, H. Morkoç Jan 2006

Growth Optimization And Structural Analysis For Ferromagnetic Mn-Doped Zno Layers Deposited By Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering, M. Abouzaid, P. Ruterana, C. Liu, H. Morkoç

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

The effect of the deposition temperature on the crystalline quality of (Zn,Mn)O is investigated in thin films prepared by radio frequency magnetronsputtering on c-plane sapphire and GaN substrates. The layers are made of a 0.5μm Mn-doped layer towards the surface on top of a 150nm pure ZnO buffer. Depending on the deposition temperature, the layers can exhibit a columnar structure; the adjacent domains are rotated from one another by 90°, putting [101¯0]and [11¯20] directions face to face. At high Mn concentration the columnar structure is blurred by the formation of Mn rich precipitates. Only one variety of domains is observed …

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Spin Relaxation In A Germanium Nanowire, S. Patibandla, S. Pramanik, S. Bandyopadhyay, G. C. Tepper Jan 2006

Spin Relaxation In A Germanium Nanowire, S. Patibandla, S. Pramanik, S. Bandyopadhyay, G. C. Tepper

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

We report experimental study of spin transport in nanowirespin valve structures consisting of three layers—cobalt, germanium, and nickel. The spin diffusion length in the Ge is estimated to be about 400nm at 1.9K and the corresponding spin relaxation time is about 4ns. At 100K, the spin diffusion length drops to 180nm and the relaxation time is about 0.81ns. These short relaxation times, which depend weakly on temperature, are caused by strong surface roughness scattering that causes rapid spin relaxation via the Elliott-Yafet mode [Elliott, Phys. Rev.96, 266 (1954)].

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Spectroscopic Ellipsometry And Absorption Study Of Zn1-Xmnxo/Al2o3 (0 <= X <= 0.08) Thin Films, Ghil Soo Lee, Ho Suk Lee, Tae Dong Kang, Hosun Lee, C. Liu, B. Xiao, Ü. Özgür, H. Morkoç Jan 2006

Spectroscopic Ellipsometry And Absorption Study Of Zn1-Xmnxo/Al2o3 (0 <= X <= 0.08) Thin Films, Ghil Soo Lee, Ho Suk Lee, Tae Dong Kang, Hosun Lee, C. Liu, B. Xiao, Ü. Özgür, H. Morkoç

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

We grow Zn1−xMnxO∕Al2O3 (0⩽x⩽0.08)thin films on sapphire (0001) using radio-frequency sputtering deposition method with Ar and various N2 flow rates. We examine the effect of N2 codoping on the band gap and Mn-related midgap absorption of (Zn,Mn)O. Using spectroscopic ellipsometry, we measure pseudodielectric functions in the spectral range between 1 and 4.5eV. Using the model of Holden et al. [T. Holden et al., Phys. Rev. B56, 4037 (1997)], we determine the uniaxial (Zn,Mn)O dielectric function and the E0 band-gapenergy. The fitted band gap does not change appreciably with increasing Mn composition up to 2%. We find a very large …

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Illumination And Annealing Characteristics Of Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Systems In Metal-Organic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy Grown Alxga1-Xn/Aln/Gan Heterostructures, N. Biyikli, Ü. Özgür, X. Ni, Y. Fu, H. Morkoç, Ç. Kurdak Jan 2006

Illumination And Annealing Characteristics Of Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Systems In Metal-Organic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy Grown Alxga1-Xn/Aln/Gan Heterostructures, N. Biyikli, Ü. Özgür, X. Ni, Y. Fu, H. Morkoç, Ç. Kurdak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

We studied the persistent photoconductivity (PPC) effect in AlxGa1−xN∕AlN∕GaN heterostructures with two different Al compositions (x=0.15and x=0.25). The two-dimensional electron gas formed at the AlN∕GaN heterointerface was characterized by Shubnikov-de Haas and Hall measurements. Using optical illumination, we were able to increase the carrier density of the Al0.15Ga0.85N∕AlN∕GaN sample from 1.6×1012 to 5.9×1012cm−2, while the electron mobility was enhanced from 9540 to 21400cm2/Vs at T=1.6K. The persistent photocurrent in both samples exhibited a strong dependence on illumination wavelength, being highest close to the band gap and decreasing at longer wavelengths. The PPC effect became fairly weak for illumination wavelengths longer …

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Spin Relaxation In A Germanium Nanowire, S. Patibandla, S. Pramanik, S. Bandyopadhyay, G. C. Tepper Jan 2006

Spin Relaxation In A Germanium Nanowire, S. Patibandla, S. Pramanik, S. Bandyopadhyay, G. C. Tepper

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

We report experimental study of spin transport in nanowirespin valve structures consisting of three layers—cobalt, germanium, and nickel. The spin diffusion length in the Ge is estimated to be about 400nm at 1.9K and the corresponding spin relaxation time is about 4ns. At 100K, the spin diffusion length drops to 180nm and the relaxation time is about 0.81ns. These short relaxation times, which depend weakly on temperature, are caused by strong surface roughness scattering that causes rapid spin relaxation via the Elliott-Yafet mode [Elliott, Phys. Rev.96, 266 (1954)].

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The Microstructure And Grain Size Of Jet Electroplated Copper Films In Damascene Trench Features, Andrew Tzanavaras, Gregory Young, Stacy H. Gleixner Jan 2006

The Microstructure And Grain Size Of Jet Electroplated Copper Films In Damascene Trench Features, Andrew Tzanavaras, Gregory Young, Stacy H. Gleixner

Faculty Publications

The brightening additive level and dc current density of electroplating baths are two parameters that affect the gap-filling capability and the degree of impurity incorporation in electroplated copper films. Additive incorporation can inhibit grain growth during the room temperature recrystallization process and therefore affect the final grain size. This investigation explores the grain size and microstructure of dc jet-electroplated copper films in 0.35 and 0.50μm Damascene trenches as a function of current density and brightening additive level after first receiving a high-temperature anneal. Unlike a previous study that explored these variables in blanket Cu films [ J. Electrochem. Soc. , …

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Mimo Communications In Ad Hoc Networks, Biao Chen, Michael J. Gans Jan 2006

Mimo Communications In Ad Hoc Networks, Biao Chen, Michael J. Gans

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

We study in this paper the network spectral efficiency in terms of bits/s/Hz of a MIMO (multiple-input multiple output) ad hoc network with K simultaneous communicating transmitter-receiver pairs. Assume that each transmitter is equipped with t antennas and each receiver implements single user detection. We show that in the absence of channel state information (CSI) at the transmitters, the asymptotic network spectral efficiency is limited by r nats/s/Hz as K -> ∞ and is independent of t and the transmit power. With CSI corresponding to the desired receiver available at the transmitter, we demonstrate that the asymptotic spectral efficiency is …

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Development Of A Bilayer Metallization For Rit's Existing Cmos Process, Anthony Nguyen Jan 2006

Development Of A Bilayer Metallization For Rit's Existing Cmos Process, Anthony Nguyen

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

The design and fabrication of a two-level subtractive aluminum metal backend was completed at the Rochester Institute of Technology. Metall-Metal2 (M1-M2) via chains were used as electrical test structures and tested operational. The optimal process uses 4000A of LTO for an ILD, a non-heated metal2 aluminum sputter deposition, and a chlorine-based plasma for metal etch. Resistance measurements taken through via chains produced values of —400Ω. While an ideal aluminum bar of the via chain’s dimensions should have a resistance of —100Ω, a contact resistance exists at each via throughout the chain and increases the resistance value. Capacitors were also electrically …

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Junction Integrity For Low Temperature Dopant Activation In Silicon, Geoff E. Watson Jan 2006

Junction Integrity For Low Temperature Dopant Activation In Silicon, Geoff E. Watson

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

Detailed within this paper is investigation of using low temperature processes to activate dopant in silicon. Parameters studied include breakdown voltage, turn-on voltage, leakage current, and ideality factor. Strong correlation was seen between the temperature of activation and both the ideality factor and leakage current. Breakdown voltage seemed constant except for the highest temperature processing. Turn-on voltage seemed to change for boron activation, but not for phosphorus activation

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Formation Of Self-Aligned Shallow Junction Mosfet Source/Drains By Proximity Rapid Thermal Diffusion, Scott W. Kenny Jan 2006

Formation Of Self-Aligned Shallow Junction Mosfet Source/Drains By Proximity Rapid Thermal Diffusion, Scott W. Kenny

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

The creation of short-channel length MOSFET's requires shallow junctions and thin gate dielectrics to maintain long channel behavior. The Focus of this paper is the creation of shallow source/drain junctions by Proximity Diffusion with Rpid Thermal Processing (RTP_. PMOS devices were fabricated using Borofilm 100 Spin on Dopant with temperatures pf 950° and 1000° for 10 and 20 seconds ramped at 30 degrees per second. The source and drain regions are defined by the patterned polysilicon gate, which is also doped during this process. A 100 A gate oxide is used, incorporating nitrogen to reduce boron diffusion through the gate. …

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Fabrication And Test Characterization Of Organic Poly(3,"' Diallkylquaterthiophene) (Pqt-12) Transistors, Amy Huang Jan 2006

Fabrication And Test Characterization Of Organic Poly(3,"' Diallkylquaterthiophene) (Pqt-12) Transistors, Amy Huang

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

Organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) are fabricated as bottom gate, top contact devices unlike conventional integrated circuits. Transistors of various dimensions with a top organic polymer layer that acts as a semiconductor known as poly(3,3” dialkylquater thiophene) (PQT-12) have been fabricated and electrically tested. Two processes have been designed prior to spin coating the PQT polymer: a) four heavily doped boron wafers using the back of the wafer as a gate with aluminum and chrome source/drain metal options and b) five moderately doped boron wafers with molybdenum or chrome gates with aluminum or molyb denum source/drains. The devices fabricated on …

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Solutions To Resist Pattern Collapse For 45nm Lithography, Jonathan Reese Jan 2006

Solutions To Resist Pattern Collapse For 45nm Lithography, Jonathan Reese

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

Two approaches to prevent pattern collapse of 45 nm photoresist features were explored to create a process which minimizes the forces attributed to collapse while increasing adhesion forces. Two different bottom anti-reflective coatings (BARC), a first and second reflectance minimum were examined in conjunction with the experimental approaches. An initial characterization of pattern collapse was performed to act as a control to gauge the effectiveness of the experimental approaches using an exposure matrix. The first approach implemented a surfactant added to the de-ionized (DI) water rinse after develop to decrease the capillary forces between the features. The second approach created …

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Fabrication Of Eight Level Micro-Lenses, Mayank Agrawal Jan 2006

Fabrication Of Eight Level Micro-Lenses, Mayank Agrawal

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

As imaging and photonics technology is advancing to smaller and complex devices there is increasing interest in applications that make use of small micro-level optical elements such as micro-lenses. Micro-lens fabrication is useful in developing diffractive optical elements (DOE’s) that are used in optical communication, optical storage, optical interconnection, optical information processing and micro-optical sensors. Another area where micro-lens fabrication can be used is in characterization and optimization of illuminating sources of lithographic projection systems. The objective of this project was to fabricate eight level micro-lenses on a 5”X5” quartz substrate designed for the 193nm exposing wavelength. A micro-lens is …

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Workfunction Tuning Of Molybdenum Gate By Nitrogen Incorporation (May 2006), Kazuya Tokunaga Jan 2006

Workfunction Tuning Of Molybdenum Gate By Nitrogen Incorporation (May 2006), Kazuya Tokunaga

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

Due to the aggressive scaling of CMOS devices, it is necessary to provide a metal gate solution to replace the conventional process known as a self-aligned poly-silicon gate. Molybdenum (Mo) possesses several properties that make it attractive as a CMOS gate electrode material. In addition, Mo has been identified as a candidate for “single-metal / dual workfunction” technology, with the ability to tune the workfunction by the introduction of nitrogen. In this study, the correlation between workfunction of the Mo gate and the incorporation of nitrogen was investigated. The flat-band voltage shift was extracted from the obtained C-V Characteristic curves. …

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Biomems Wireless Pressure Sensor, Daniel V. Pearce Jan 2006

Biomems Wireless Pressure Sensor, Daniel V. Pearce

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

A design and manufacture of a wireless pressure sensor was proposed as a future tool for use in biological monitoring. This device is designed to acquire pressure changes through a change in capacitance. This is accomplished using a large circular parallel plate capacitor separated by a micron of air. The upper and lower plates are connected together via a large planar inductor on the opposite end of the device. The inductor and capacitor in a parallel form a resonant circuit with resonant frequency equal to one over the square root of inductance times capacitance. The resonant frequency can be dependent …

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End Point Detection Of Plasma Etching Using Optical Methods, Jeff M. Czebiniak Jan 2006

End Point Detection Of Plasma Etching Using Optical Methods, Jeff M. Czebiniak

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

The objective of this experiment is to obtain an endpoint detection unit that can be used on all plasma etch tools in the Semiconductor and Microsystems Fabrication Laboratory (SMFL). This investigation examined one of the most common methods for end point detection in plasma etching; optical emission spectroscopy. Optical emission spectroscopy involves monitoring the wavelength emission intensity of the plasma of different species within the etchant plasma. From all of the data collected in this experiment it was shown that the Ocean Optics Spectrometer can be utilized for end point detection on any toolset in the SMFL.

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Alignment In Electron Beam Lithography, Stoyan J. Jeliazkov Jan 2006

Alignment In Electron Beam Lithography, Stoyan J. Jeliazkov

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

Alignment was accomplished as the ultimate goal in the development of an electron beam lithography process. System was based on LEO EVO 50 scanning electron microscope at RIT’s Semiconductor and Microsystems Fabrication Laboratory (SMFL) with external writing control software package NPGS v 9.0.160. Preliminary work included investigation of line- and area-pattern writing in negative tone AZ nLOF 2020 resist diluted 1:2 with PGMEA and pattern transfer into silicon substrate via plasma etch. Manual alignment with ±100 nm translational accuracy across a 100 μm writing field was demonstrated.

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Development And Characterization Of A Rie Process For Anisotropic Trenches In Silicon, Dan R. Ghiocel Jan 2006

Development And Characterization Of A Rie Process For Anisotropic Trenches In Silicon, Dan R. Ghiocel

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) is an important process widely used in the fabrication of micro-electro mechanical-systems (MEMS) especially for microfluidic channels. The purpose of this investigation was to develop a process for anisotropic trenches in silicon using the Drytek Quad reactive ion etching system available at the Semiconductor and Microsystems Fabrication Laboratory at Rochester Institute of Technology. The etch profiles were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the aspect ratio dependent etching (ARDE) effect, and the etch anisotropy were characterized. At the end, this investigation demonstrated highly anisotropic trenches etched in silicon. A baseline process for etching anisotropic trenches …

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Rostir, Inc.: The Fabrication Of Ultra High Value Chip Resistors & Business Plan Development, Jonathan E. Ross Jan 2006

Rostir, Inc.: The Fabrication Of Ultra High Value Chip Resistors & Business Plan Development, Jonathan E. Ross

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

The concept of this project was comprised of a proof of concept design with an additional focus on entrepreneurship. To define clearly, this project included the selection of a device to fabricate, where a commercial market opportunity existed, using semiconductor technologies while simultaneously developing a business plan marketed towards further funding. This project required complete design of the Ultra High Value Chip Resistor as well as a process design for fabrication of the resistors. Gigaohm resistance values were achieved and varied with a range between 60- ]6OGohms, with an average of 99.5 Gigaohms, the expected value was 86.6 Gigaohms. Some …

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Microfabrication And Commercialization Of A Polymer-Absorption Chemical Gas Sensor, Stephen P. Parshall Jan 2006

Microfabrication And Commercialization Of A Polymer-Absorption Chemical Gas Sensor, Stephen P. Parshall

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

A polymer-absorption chemical gas sensor has been microfabricated and tested to discriminate varying concentrations of ethanol vapors. The polymer, PEDOT (3,4- polyethylenedioxythiopene-polystyrenesulfonate) was combined with carbon to function as the sensing device. The sensor demonstrated well-defined responses to the smallest tested ethanol concentrations of 0.1 μl (185 ppm) and is expected to be accurate to much smaller ppm levels. When packed with the proposed external feedback network, the device may be suitable for field-breath alcohol level detection as an alternative to expensive fuel-cell and chromatography based devices. The proposed device will be portable, user friendly and inexpensive to operate.

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Investigation Into The Use Of Su8 In High Aspect Ratio Applications, Kody Okafor Jan 2006

Investigation Into The Use Of Su8 In High Aspect Ratio Applications, Kody Okafor

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

The objective for this project was to investigate the feasibility of making high aspect ratio SU8 structures via contact lithography with a target of 10:1 and line width resolution of about 2μm. Factors investigated include exposure dose of 150mJ/cm2, 200mJ/cm2, 250mJ/cm2 and PEB times of 1.5mm, 3mm and 4.5mm. The responses were line width CD and sidewall angle. The approach was first to optimize the thickness of the resist coated. This was done by generating a spin speed curve for the SU8 formulation used. Secondly, was to optimize the line width CD. A 32 full factorial experiment was performed. From …

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Microfabrication Of Biocompatible Stimulation Electrode Arrays For Cochlear Implants, Ward A. Johnson Jan 2006

Microfabrication Of Biocompatible Stimulation Electrode Arrays For Cochlear Implants, Ward A. Johnson

Journal of the Microelectronic Engineering Conference

A proof of concept to microfabricate an electrode array suitable for use with cochlear implants was successfully manufactured and tested. Thirty microns of photoimageable polyimide was used as a flexible substrate. The array was inserted 20mm into an artificial cochlea filled with a saline and soap solution that simulates intracochlear fluid and hyaluronic acid (used as a lubricant), which is comparable to the performance of current manufactured products.

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Summer 2006, 90.9 Wmpg Fm Jan 2006

Summer 2006, 90.9 Wmpg Fm

WMPG Program Guides

Newspaper format. "The WMPG 'Zine"

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Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Technique For Unmanned Air Vehicles, Nathan Slegers, Jason Kyle, Mark Costello Jan 2006

Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Technique For Unmanned Air Vehicles, Nathan Slegers, Jason Kyle, Mark Costello

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

A nonlinear model predictive control strategy is developed and subsequently specialized to autonomous aircraft that can be adequately modeled with a rigid 6-degrees-of-freedom representation. Whereas the general air vehicle dynamic equations are nonlinear and nonaffine in control, a closed-form solution for the optimal control input is enabled by expanding both the output and control in a truncated Taylor series. The closed-form solution for control is relatively simple to calculate and well suited to the real time embedded computing environment. An interesting feature of this control law is that the number of Taylor series expansion terms can be used to indirectly …

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Cool Flames At Terrestrial, Partial, And Near-Zero Gravity, Michael R. Foster, Howard Pearlman Jan 2006

Cool Flames At Terrestrial, Partial, And Near-Zero Gravity, Michael R. Foster, Howard Pearlman

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

Natural convection plays an important role in all terrestrial, Lunar, and Martian-based, unstirred, static reactor cool flame and low-temperature autoignitions, since the Rayleigh number (Ra) associated with the self-heating of the reaction exceeds the critical Ra (approximately 600) for onset of convection. At near-zero gravity, Ra < 600 can be achieved and the effects of convection suppressed. To systematically vary the Ra without varying the mixture stoichiometry, reactor pressure, or vessel size, cool flames are studied experimentally in a closed, unstirred, static reactor subject to different gravitational accelerations (terrestrial, 1g; Martian, 0.38g; Lunar, 0.16g; a n dr e - duced gravity, ∼10−2g). Representative results show the evolution of the visible light emission using an equimolar n-butane:oxygen premixture at temperatures ranging from 320 to 350 ◦C (593–623 K) at subatmospheric pressures. For representative reduced-gravity, spherically propagating cool flames, the flame radius based on the peak light intensity is plotted as a function of time and the flame radius (and speed) is calculated from a polynomial fit to data. A skeletal chemical kinetic Gray-Yang model developed previously for a one-dimensional, reactive– diffusive system by Fairlie and co-workers is extended to a two-dimensional axisymmetric, spherical geometry. The coupled species, energy, and momentum equations are solved numerically and the spatio-temporal variations in the temperature profiles are presented. A qualitative comparison is made with the experimental results.

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Transient Heat Partition Factor For A Sliding Railcar Wheel, T C. Kennedy, C Plengsaard, Robert F. Harder Jan 2006

Transient Heat Partition Factor For A Sliding Railcar Wheel, T C. Kennedy, C Plengsaard, Robert F. Harder

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

During a wheel slide the frictional heat generated at the contact interface causes intense heating of the adjacent wheel material. If this material exceeds the austenitising temperature and then cools quickly enough, it can transform into martensite, which may ultimately crack and cause wheel failure. A knowledge of the distribution of the heat partitioned into the wheel and the rail and the resulting temperature fields is critical to developing designs to minimize these deleterious effects. A number of theoretical solutions have appeared in the literature to model the thermal aspects of this phenomenon. The objective of this investigation was to …

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Unbalanced Return Air In Residences: Causes, Consequences, And Solutions, Florida Solar Energy Center, James Cummings Jan 2006

Unbalanced Return Air In Residences: Causes, Consequences, And Solutions, Florida Solar Energy Center, James Cummings

FSEC Energy Research Center®

Field research performed in 70 central Florida homes found that return grills are almost always located in the central zone of the house, and that individual rooms rarely have ducted return air or return transfer pathways. When interior doors were closed, the closed rooms went to +0.0249 inches of water gauge (in w.g.) (+6.2 pascals (Pa)) wrt outdoors (wrt = with respect to), and the central zone went to -0.0116 in w.g. (-2.9 Pa) wrt outdoors. Room pressures as high as +0.150 in w.g. (+37.3 Pa) and central zone pressure as low as -0.059 in w.g. (-14.7 Pa) wrt outdoors …

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Performance Evaluation Of The Midwest Guardrail System – Update To Nchrp 350 Test No. 3-11 With 28" C.G. Height (2214mg-2), Karla A. Polivka, Ronald K. Faller, Dean L. Sicking, John R. Rohde, Robert W. Bielenberg, John D. Reid Jan 2006

Performance Evaluation Of The Midwest Guardrail System – Update To Nchrp 350 Test No. 3-11 With 28" C.G. Height (2214mg-2), Karla A. Polivka, Ronald K. Faller, Dean L. Sicking, John R. Rohde, Robert W. Bielenberg, John D. Reid

Mid-America Transportation Center: Final Reports and Technical Briefs

Based on the proposed changes to the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report No. 350 guidelines, NCHRP Project 22-14(2) researchers deemed it appropriate to evaluate a strong-post W-beam guardrail systems prior to finalizing the new crash testing procedures and guidelines. For this effort, the Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) was selected for evaluation. One full-scale vehicle crash test was performed on the longitudinal barrier system in accordance with the Test Level 3 (TL-3) requirements presented in the Update to NCHRP Report No. 350. For this test, a 2270P pickup truck vehicle, which was a 1⁄2-ton, four-door vehicle with a 711 …

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Low-Cost Wavelength Measurement Based On A Macrobending Single-Mode Fiber, Qian Wang, Gerald Farrell, Thomas Freir, Ginu Rajan, Pengfei Wang Jan 2006

Low-Cost Wavelength Measurement Based On A Macrobending Single-Mode Fiber, Qian Wang, Gerald Farrell, Thomas Freir, Ginu Rajan, Pengfei Wang

Articles

A low-cost all-fiber wavelength measurement technique is proposed and demonstrated. A macrobending standard single-mode fiber is developed as an edge filter with an optimal design and simple surface processing. A ratiometric wavelength measurement system employing the developed macrobending fiber filter demonstrates a resolution of∼10 pmin a wavelength range from1500to1560 nmwith ease of assembly and calibration.

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