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1999

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Articles 421 - 450 of 1307

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Proposed Regulation On Diesel Particulate Matter In Underground Coal Mines, Thomas F. Tomb Jun 1999

Proposed Regulation On Diesel Particulate Matter In Underground Coal Mines, Thomas F. Tomb

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

The Mine Safety and Health Administration published a proposed rule for underground coal mines that use diesel-powered equipment. The proposed rule, published April 9, 1998, would establish new health standards. These new standards would reduce the risks to miners of serious health hazards that are associated with exposure to high concentrations of diesel particulate matter (dpm). The proposed rule would require that mine operators install and maintain high efficiency filtration systems on the most polluting types of diesel-powered equipment. The rule would also require that miners be trained about the hazards of dpm exposure. This paper reviews the requirements of …

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Mine Fire Detection In The Presence Of Diesel Emissions, J. C. Edwards, R. A. Franks, G. F. Friel, C. P. Lazzara, J. J. Opferman Jun 1999

Mine Fire Detection In The Presence Of Diesel Emissions, J. C. Edwards, R. A. Franks, G. F. Friel, C. P. Lazzara, J. J. Opferman

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

A series of four coal combustion experiments was conducted at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's (NIOSH) Pittsburgh Research Laboratory (PRL) in the Safety Research Coal Mine (SRCM) to evaluate the response of fire sensors to a small 0.61 m square smoldering coal fire which transitions to flaming combustion in the presence of diesel emissions. An optical path smoke sensor alarmed earlier than a point type diffusion mode ionization smoke sensor, which alarmed prior to a co alert value of 5 PPM above ambient. The presence of steady state diesel emissions resulted in a decrease in the optical …

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Non-Destructive Field Measurements Of Rock Temperature And Heat Flow In A Hot Mine, Vilen P. Chernyak, Eduard N. Malashenko, Pierre Mousset-Jones Jun 1999

Non-Destructive Field Measurements Of Rock Temperature And Heat Flow In A Hot Mine, Vilen P. Chernyak, Eduard N. Malashenko, Pierre Mousset-Jones

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

A number of thermophysical measurements were carried out at the Meikle mine in Nevada in order to obtain new data concerning heat flows and wall temperatures in a hot mine. This was necessary to verify known methods of heat flow calculation and compare experimental with theoretical results. The Meikle mine was chosen because it is operated in an area of high rock temperature caused by the hydrothermal nature of the deposit and the presence of water at 60°C. The airflow rates in some of the inactive areas and the predicted background rock temperature at the mine are similar to those …

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Foreword, Jerry C. Tien Jun 1999

Foreword, Jerry C. Tien

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

No abstract provided.

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Committees, Multiple Members Jun 1999

Committees, Multiple Members

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

No abstract provided.

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Published Proceedings Of The Previous Mine Ventilation Symposia, Multiple Authors Jun 1999

Published Proceedings Of The Previous Mine Ventilation Symposia, Multiple Authors

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

No abstract provided.

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Ventilation System Design For A Thin-Seam Mining Panel, Darren Holman, Ian Loomis, Malcolm Mcpherson Jun 1999

Ventilation System Design For A Thin-Seam Mining Panel, Darren Holman, Ian Loomis, Malcolm Mcpherson

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

The extraction of coal from thin-seams is an important component of the future of coal mining in the commonwealth of Virginia. For thin-seam mining systems to be successful they must be able to provide production comparable to the current production methods in thicker seams. This necessitates the extensive use of remote mining technology. Regardless of The level of automation of the remote systems, efficient ventilation remains of paramount importance. This paper investigates several thin-seam mine panel schemes and possible variations in the ventilation systems. The primary approach made, however, is one of a pair of parallel panels mined simultaneously. A …

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Mathematical Description Of Air Cooling Using A Mining Diaphragm Cooler Taking Into Consideration The Condensation Of Water Vapour, Waclaw Dziunyński, Stanislaw Nawrat, Bernard Nowak, Janusz Roszkowski Jun 1999

Mathematical Description Of Air Cooling Using A Mining Diaphragm Cooler Taking Into Consideration The Condensation Of Water Vapour, Waclaw Dziunyński, Stanislaw Nawrat, Bernard Nowak, Janusz Roszkowski

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

Taking into consideration the possibility of condensation of water vapour contained in air which flows through a diaphragm cooler, a mathematical model of space-time changes in air temperature, humidity, and also in the temperature of the heat exchanger and the cooling water in the cooler in question was created. In the mathematical description of air-cooling using the above-mentioned cooler two zones was identified. The first concerns the dry cooling of air, while within the second, the process of outdropping of water contained in the cooled air. Each of these zones has been described by applying a system of three partial …

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Rapid Extinguishing Of Sponcom Fires In Underground Mines, Zygmunt Kajdasz, George Zieba Jun 1999

Rapid Extinguishing Of Sponcom Fires In Underground Mines, Zygmunt Kajdasz, George Zieba

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

The main purpose presented in this paper is to present active and passive methods to fight a sponcom fire. The active method uses an inert gas generator called the GAG while the passive method is through the use of ventilation software. In most sponcom situations a combination of these two methods results in rapid extinguishing of the overheated areas. The presented software allows for accurate and "real time" analysis of the ventilation network. Application of the GAG has been proven on many occasions as an effective means of large volumes of mine atmosphere.

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Performance Of Distributed Bagged Stone Dust Barrier In Combating Coal-Dust Explosions, Jan J. L. Du Plessis, Pierre S. Vassard Jun 1999

Performance Of Distributed Bagged Stone Dust Barrier In Combating Coal-Dust Explosions, Jan J. L. Du Plessis, Pierre S. Vassard

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

The Kloppersbos Research Facility of the CSIR's Division of Mining Technology has developed a new method of building stone dust barriers. The new barrier makes use of a previous concept of containing stone dust in a bag, but incorporates a new method of rupturing the bag. This was achieved by adapting the closing mechanism and by balancing the stone dust content with the void in the bag. The bagged barrier was extensively tested in the 200-m test gallery. During these tests, it became evident that these bags could be made to rupture and spread stone dust when subjected to smaller …

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Cfd Analysis Of Mine Fire Smoke Spread And Reverse Flow Conditions, J. C. Edwards, C. C. Hwang Jun 1999

Cfd Analysis Of Mine Fire Smoke Spread And Reverse Flow Conditions, J. C. Edwards, C. C. Hwang

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) program was used to model buoyancy induced Product-Of-Combustion (POC) spread from experimental fires in the National Institute For Occupational Safety And Health (NIOSH), Pittsburgh Research Laboratory (PRL), safety research coal mine. In one application, the CFD program was used to predict spread from fires in an entry under zero airflow conditions. At a location, 0.41 m below the entry's roof at a distance of 30 m from the fire, the measured smoke spread rates were 0.093 and 0.23 m/s for a 30 and a 296 kw fire, respectively. The CFD program predicted spread rates of …

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Recovery Of Minerales Monclova Minas V, Patrick Graham, William Marston, Donald Mitchell, John W. Stevenson, David Sullivan Jun 1999

Recovery Of Minerales Monclova Minas V, Patrick Graham, William Marston, Donald Mitchell, John W. Stevenson, David Sullivan

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

Methane issuing from a roof-bolt hole ignited when the hot bit was withdrawn. Similar ignitions have occurred in other mines. This one differed in that flames spread quickly, coal was ignited, and, after three futile hours of applying inadequate water and extinguishing agents, the mine was sealed. Fires are fuel and ventilation controlled. In this mine there was an abundance of methane, coal, and wood lagging. Recovery of the mine, therefore, depended on successful control of its ventilation. The recovery was done without anyone suffering a scratch; a remarkable feat considering the abnormal methane outflows and concentrations, the continuing evidence …

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Gob Spontaneous Combustion In A Fully Mechanized Long-Wall Top-Coal Caving Face, Jingcai Xu, Jun Deng, Xinghai Zhang, Xingming Guo, Fu Wen Jun 1999

Gob Spontaneous Combustion In A Fully Mechanized Long-Wall Top-Coal Caving Face, Jingcai Xu, Jun Deng, Xinghai Zhang, Xingming Guo, Fu Wen

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

Geological conditions allow, underground coal mines in China tend to use comprehensively mechanized roof-coal caving technique in an effort to gain a higher degree of mechanization at coal faces as well as higher coal production rates. As a face advances, a large amount of coal will be left behind in its gob area which may experience a self-enhancing process of coal oxidation and heat accumulation, ultimately leading to open fire. Such a self-enhancing coal spontaneous combustion process is a significantly impeding mine safety and productivity. A sound mathematical model is an important step to predict the probability of spontaneous combustion …

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Installation Of Two Main Fans At P.T. Freeport Indonesia's Underground Facilities, Felipe Calizaya, A. Mulyadi Jun 1999

Installation Of Two Main Fans At P.T. Freeport Indonesia's Underground Facilities, Felipe Calizaya, A. Mulyadi

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

This study summarizes the technical aspects related to the installation of two main fans at P.T. Freeport Indonesia: one centrifugal and one axial. The fans were installed to increase the exhaust capacity of two vent systems. The 450 kW fan has been installed on surface to support an underground mine expansion project. The installation included the construction of a transition chamber, a retention wall, and the fan installation and commissioning. The 250 kW fan has been installed in an incline to increase the exhaust capacity of an ore pass ventilation system. The study presents the installation details from ground excavation …

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Theoretical Analysis Of Jet Fan Performance Using Momentum And Energy Considerations, Kuda R. Mutama, Allan E. Hall Jun 1999

Theoretical Analysis Of Jet Fan Performance Using Momentum And Energy Considerations, Kuda R. Mutama, Allan E. Hall

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

Jet fans or ductless fans have been analyzed using momentum and energy considerations. This analysis is necessary for the mechanisms of mixing between the jet primary flow and the secondary or induced stream to be understood. In each case it is possible to predict performance in terms of pressure, flow ratios and hence the percentage mechanical efficiency of the whole system using equations derived from momentum and energy principles. The analysis given is suitable for situations where jet fans are utilized as area boosters in a mine ventilation system and in longitudinal vehicular tunnel ventilation. The energy and momentum equations …

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Axial Flow Fan Use At San Manuel Mine, Kuda R. Mutama, Dave P. Pelletier Jun 1999

Axial Flow Fan Use At San Manuel Mine, Kuda R. Mutama, Dave P. Pelletier

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

A case study is presented for the use of multiple axial flow main fans as the principle source of the primary mine ventilation system for a large multi level mine. Formerly owned by Magma Copper, BHP Copper Inc.'s San Manuel Mine is a large underground block caving copper mine which started producing copper in 1955. The San Manuel Mine produces over 50,000 tons per day sulfide copper ore. The total airflow into this mine is approximately 800 m3/s (1,600,000 cfm). Providing adequate ventilation has been a very challenging experience as new, deeper levels are developed. BHP relies on …

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The Application Of Variable Frequency Drives To Mine Fans, Robert Z. Smith Jun 1999

The Application Of Variable Frequency Drives To Mine Fans, Robert Z. Smith

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

During the past several years variable speed drives have become much less expensive for higher horsepower applications. This has created an opportunity to utilize this type of system in variable load mine ventilation applications where the traditional solutions were to use "in-flight" controllable pitch fans, variable inlet vanes or constant load systems and ignore the opportunity for power savings. This paper explores the basic characteristics of each type system and some of the advantages that each system offers for specific mine ventilation applications. The relative capital cost and operating cost of each type systems are also presented.

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A Navigating System For Ventilation Network Spatio-Temporal Control, Yuusaku Tominaga Jun 1999

A Navigating System For Ventilation Network Spatio-Temporal Control, Yuusaku Tominaga

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

This paper presents a navigation system for spatio-temporal control of mine ventilation network to help keep miners safe in mine emergency situations such as mine fire, spontaneous combustion, and gas emission. The system is composed of sensors, computer simulation and binary controllers. The ventilation sensors are placed in specific branches of the ventilation network to monitor ventilation parameters such as air velocity. The Horonai coal mine, Hokkaido, Japan is used as an example to illustrate the applicability of the navigation system as on and in providing a safe evacuation route and to estimate the time interval to achieve steady airflow …

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High Speed Monitoring And Control System Uses Windows-Nt, Albert E. Ketler Jun 1999

High Speed Monitoring And Control System Uses Windows-Nt, Albert E. Ketler

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

Millennia-DX™ is an advanced monitoring and control system especially designed for underground mining. An inexpensive 233+ Pentium computer running Windows-95 or -NT provides vast processing power that was unheard of just a decade ago. Engineered in-house from the ground up, Rel-Tek's new 32-bit Millennia-Dx™ software code now permits 10-mile data acquisition at an accelerated 115.2 KHz. New techniques and hardware have resulted in a totally integrated hardware/software package with uncompromising performance, features and reliability. A large coal mine installation is highlighted which installed a Millennia-DX system for monitoring carbon monoxide, but soon discovered the "data mining" capabilities which they enlisted …

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Optimization Of Main Exhaust Fan Systems At Battle Mountain Canada Ltd., Golden Giant Mine, László Götz, Euler De Souza Jun 1999

Optimization Of Main Exhaust Fan Systems At Battle Mountain Canada Ltd., Golden Giant Mine, László Götz, Euler De Souza

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

In 1997, production needs required that the exhaust conditions at the Golden Giant Mine be maximized. One of the principal exhaust raises, the West Return Air Raise #1, designed to handle some 189 m3/s (400,000 cfm) but operating at 102 m3/s (216,000 cfm), was a primary candidate for optimization. This paper describes the major design changes and installation modifications carried out at this surface fan installation. The new installation not only outperformed the design expectations but also achieved the new mine exhaust requirements.

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Increasing Energy Efficiency Of Mine Ventilation Systems, Riyaz Papar, Andrew Szady, William D. Huffer, Vern Martin, Aimee Mckane Jun 1999

Increasing Energy Efficiency Of Mine Ventilation Systems, Riyaz Papar, Andrew Szady, William D. Huffer, Vern Martin, Aimee Mckane

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

Every year the United States mining industry spends millions of dollars on underground ventilation systems. In the U.S., fan systems used for mine ventilation consume approximately 12,000 million kWh annually (Xenergy, 1997, 1998). Potential motor-driven system energy savings can be realized by using mature, proven, and cost-effective technologies. Such saving potentials exist in the mining industry and the U.S. Department of Energy's Motor Challenge program aims to assist the industry in capturing them. Energy efficiency upgrades can also achieve significant non-energy benefits such as better equipment reliability, longer equipment life, reduction in maintenance costs and downtime, and an improved working …

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Ventilation Network Optimization For Deep Mines, Ventzislav Bojilov, Mitko Hadjiev, Georgi Shoushoulov Jun 1999

Ventilation Network Optimization For Deep Mines, Ventzislav Bojilov, Mitko Hadjiev, Georgi Shoushoulov

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

The development of underground mines in Bulgaria has reached depth limit. The conventional approach for engineering the mine ventilation is unsatisfactory under the existing level of concentration and intensification of mining work under the already complicated mining and geological conditions. This necessitates the optimization of ventilation networks for achieving the required efficiency and reliability. Direct measurements in mines has created an adequate numerical mine ventilation model. This model can optimize and forecast the future development of the mine ventilation system with the help of computer software. By means of the prepared nomograms the individual parameters of the ventilating flow are …

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An Integrated Strategy For Emergency Egress From An Underground Metal Mine, Rick Brake Jun 1999

An Integrated Strategy For Emergency Egress From An Underground Metal Mine, Rick Brake

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

The fact that major fires are rare events in underground metal mines means there is often little on-site experience in dealing with these situations. Elaborate strategies that rely on a high degree of training at all levels to be effective are likely to fail, especially with the trend in Australia towards smaller mines and "fly in-fly out" operations. A robust strategy is required. The key items in such a strategy are: early detection and warning of personnel, personal belt-worn oxygen-generating self-rescuers, high integrity escape routes and self-contained refuge stations, simple procedures, reliable personnel ''tagging" systems and sufficient, trained, search and …

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Deployment Of Self-Contained Self Rescuers In Australian Coal Mines, Najdat I. Aziz, Ernest Y. Baafi, Paul Mackenzie-Wood Jun 1999

Deployment Of Self-Contained Self Rescuers In Australian Coal Mines, Najdat I. Aziz, Ernest Y. Baafi, Paul Mackenzie-Wood

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

In view of the recent mine disasters in the Australian coal mines, there has been a need to develop strategies to introduce SCSRs into coal mines to replace the approved filter self rescuers. A study was undertaken to evaluate the performances of the units in the normal Australian underground coal mine conditions. The study involved a laboratory and field trials at four underground coal mines using a total of 37 volunteers. These volunteers walked along the escape route at their respective mines on the first day carrying the SCSRs on their belts. The walk was repeated on a second day …

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A Comparison Of Air Leakage Prediction Techniques For Auxiliary Ventilation Ducting Systems, A. D. Stewart Gillies, Hsin Wei Wu Jun 1999

A Comparison Of Air Leakage Prediction Techniques For Auxiliary Ventilation Ducting Systems, A. D. Stewart Gillies, Hsin Wei Wu

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

This paper briefly reviews prediction techniques for determination of leakage and friction along auxiliary ventilation ducting systems. In order to compare various prediction techniques that have been developed over the past, a macroscopic investigation of air leakage and friction resistance of auxiliary ventilation ducting systems has been undertaken. Measurements were conducted on 450 and 915 mm diameter fabric ducting over 100 m duct length to determine frictional resistances and the extent of leakage. Due to the high degree of accuracy required and the large volume of data that needed to be collected, electronic pressure transducers were used with computer for …

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Practical Values Of Friction Factors, Brian S. Prosser, Keith G. Wallace Jun 1999

Practical Values Of Friction Factors, Brian S. Prosser, Keith G. Wallace

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

Over the past fifteen years, engineers from Mine Ventilation Services, Inc. (MVS) have measured numerous friction factors at many different types of mining operations. The results of these measurements indicate that standardized friction factors referenced in most ventilation textbooks are greater than those measured in the field for similar airway support systems. Many referenced friction factors are still based on G. E. McElroy's classic paper "Engineering Factors in the Ventilation of Metal Mines" published in 1935. Most mechanized mines now incorporate airways that are larger, have more advanced support systems, and more uniform openings. This paper describes the measurement techniques …

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Controlled Recirculation In Deep South African Gold Mines, Mark Butterworth Jun 1999

Controlled Recirculation In Deep South African Gold Mines, Mark Butterworth

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

Despite the many advantages and potential benefits of using controlled recirculation in Deep South African gold mines the strategy has found little favour. Indeed, controlled recirculation of air is at present rarely considered as an option in the planning and implementation of these underground ventilation systems. This paper broadly examines controlled recirculation, the benefits and advantages that could accrue from its use, reasons that may detract from its use and some solutions for addressing shortcomings. A brief historical review of controlled recirculation in the context of the South African gold mining industry is given. The advantages, which could result from …

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Direct And Inverse Problem Of Diffusion With Simultaneous Linear Accumulation, Petko Ivanov Lalov Jun 1999

Direct And Inverse Problem Of Diffusion With Simultaneous Linear Accumulation, Petko Ivanov Lalov

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

Mine working contamination occurs when diffusion in a constant velocity medium is accompanied by a process of absorption and accumulation of the diffunding medium, as described by the generalized convective diffusion equation proposed by J.L. Litwiniszyn. The first part of this article discusses the problem of finding a solution to the integro-differential equation under study for defined initial and boundary conditions corresponding to working with a finite length (direct problem). The second part solves the problem of determining the coefficients of this equation by using the results of measurements of the contaminant concentration by sensors positioned along the working (inverse …

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Management Of The Mining Industry/Research Organization Interface, Brad John, Jeneth M. Spiliopoulos, Judy Beazley, Timothy J. M. Harvey, A. D. Stewart Gillies Jun 1999

Management Of The Mining Industry/Research Organization Interface, Brad John, Jeneth M. Spiliopoulos, Judy Beazley, Timothy J. M. Harvey, A. D. Stewart Gillies

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

The purpose of a consultancy undertaken to assess management processes in research projects to improve communication between research organisations and the mining industry through the development of an improved mode of operation and customer interface is discussed. The consultancy was conducted using the Nadler and Tushman Congruency Model of Organizational Behaviour to assess components of a projects inputs, transformation process and outputs for their degree of congruence or 'fit'. As an example the University of Queensland (UQ) managed ACARP Project 'Maximising Coal Production in the Presence of Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) Seam Gas' was used for illustration. An action …

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Mining Safety Of Longwall Top-Coal Caving In China, Jian Wu, Yueping Qin, Minghua Zhai Jun 1999

Mining Safety Of Longwall Top-Coal Caving In China, Jian Wu, Yueping Qin, Minghua Zhai

U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium

Longwall top-coal caving technology has developed rapidly in China, in recent years. The application of longwall top-coal caving can double both the productivity and the efficiency of a working face and reduce the cost of production by 30 to 40%. Using standard longwall equipment, annual production can reach 3 million metric tons (Mt), and a maximum of 4.1 Mt has been obtained; many top-coal caving longwall working faces can obtain 200 tons per man-shift. Longwall top-coal caving is distinctly different from slice mining in thicken seam. Concerns of safety and productivity for this method have been raised in recent years. …

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