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Articles 7621 - 7650 of 13031
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Design Of Shallow Foundations For A Large Polysilicon Plant In China, Kul Bhushan, Ken Choudhary
Design Of Shallow Foundations For A Large Polysilicon Plant In China, Kul Bhushan, Ken Choudhary
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents the development of a shallow foundation system consisting of mat foundations for support of all structures including heavily loaded, settlement sensitive structures at a recently completed Polysilicon Plant in China. The site grading for the 700 by 700 m (2297 by 2297 ft) site included up to 15 m (49.2 ft) of fills and 18 m (59.1 ft) of cuts. The soil conditions consisted of native residual stiff clays overlying siltstone/mudstone and conglomerate bedrock. Soft soils were present in the canyon bottoms and at the contact between stiff soils and bedrock. Settlements of native soils and bedrock …
Determination Of In-Situ Stress At Desilting Chamber Of Punatsangchhu Hydroelectric Project (Bhutan), To Reconfirm Its Orientation Influenced By Topography — A Case Study, D. S. Subrahmanyam, S. Sengupta, R. K. Sinha, G. Shyam
Determination Of In-Situ Stress At Desilting Chamber Of Punatsangchhu Hydroelectric Project (Bhutan), To Reconfirm Its Orientation Influenced By Topography — A Case Study, D. S. Subrahmanyam, S. Sengupta, R. K. Sinha, G. Shyam
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Punatsangchhu Hydroelectric Project stage-I was conceptualized in Wangdue- Phodrang district of Bhutan for harnessing the hydro-power potentiality of Punatsangchhu River. Regionally the project area is located within a part of a gneissic terrain of Tethyan Belt of Bhutan Himalayas. The project envisages construction of 195m high concrete gravity dam across the river Punatsangchhu. For Desilting chamber and Powerhouse, it is always desirable to carry out in-situ stress measurement in such huge underground openings for designing of the support types. The stability of the underground cavern gets enhanced if the long axis of the cavern is oriented along or sub-parallel to …
Effect Of Neighboring Footings On Single Footing Settlement, Marawan Shahein, Ali Hefdhallah
Effect Of Neighboring Footings On Single Footing Settlement, Marawan Shahein, Ali Hefdhallah
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The most economic type of foundations is shallow isolated footings. It is common practice to estimate settlement of shallow isolated footings without consideration of the influence of neighboring footings or loaded areas. In fact there is few, if any, available method to estimate settlement of isolated footings taking into consideration such an effect of neighboring loaded areas. Such an effect might be vital in a lot of cases. This paper presents a case history that shows the importance of such an effect. The case history in hand consists of 28 auxiliary buildings of an Electrical Power plant near Cairo, Egypt. …
Geotechnical Challenges In Highway Engineering In Twenty First Century: Lessons From The Past Experiences And New Technologies, Abdul Aziz Khandker, Jeffrey T. Anagnostou, Purushottam Deo
Geotechnical Challenges In Highway Engineering In Twenty First Century: Lessons From The Past Experiences And New Technologies, Abdul Aziz Khandker, Jeffrey T. Anagnostou, Purushottam Deo
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Transportation Authorities and Highway Engineers around the world are facing different types of challenges today than their counterparts in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. These challenges include developing new highways and bridges as well as retrofitting of existing roads and bridges deteriorated due to aging or increased vehicle loading. Frequencies of deterioration of existing roads and imminent bridge failures forced many Highway Authorities to evaluate the existing roads and bridges and prioritize their retrofitting to comply with current specifications and future conditions. The new challenges of today include, but not limited to: a) Construction over poor foundation materials such …
On Becoming A 21st Century Engineering Educator: Building Competencies And Acquiring Needed Skills, Waddah Akili
On Becoming A 21st Century Engineering Educator: Building Competencies And Acquiring Needed Skills, Waddah Akili
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper explores ways to effective professional development of junior engineering educators, to enable them to assume the roles they are entrusted with. The purpose here is to offer a new way to think about the development of the professional engineering educator. The paper focuses on:(i) the cognitive processes that faculty would tend to follow as they learn more about teaching, (ii) the discipline-based industrial/practical experience they need to acquire to add to their repertoire as “practitioners”, and (iii) the institutional initiatives, including: administrative support, and resources. What is needed is a change in culture within the institution, i.e., the …
Performance Monitoring Of A Bridge Abutment Spread Footing From Construction Through Service, Derrick Dasenbrock, Aaron Budge, Bryan Field, Daniel Mattison
Performance Monitoring Of A Bridge Abutment Spread Footing From Construction Through Service, Derrick Dasenbrock, Aaron Budge, Bryan Field, Daniel Mattison
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The use of spread footings over compressible soils is becoming more common for Minnesota Department of Transportation bridges as technologies improve to better predict, mitigate, and evaluate settlement. In August of 2011 the north abutment of a new bridge crossing I-494 was constructed over compressible soils following a soil fill preload, designed to reduce the foundation settlement from several inches to less than one inch, to meet project requirements. Spread footing foundations are seldom outfitted with instrumentation; adequate performance is frequently assumed based on the decision to use shallow foundations. Here, a monitoring plan was developed to validate the preloading …
Planning And Implementation Of A Mega Geotechnical Engineering Project In Singapore, Myint Win Bo, A. Arulrajan
Planning And Implementation Of A Mega Geotechnical Engineering Project In Singapore, Myint Win Bo, A. Arulrajan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Implementation of mega geotechnical engineering projects requires a systematic approach and detailed planning. A mega land reclamation and ground improvement project which consists of various components of geotechnical engineering applications was planned and implemented in the Republic of Singapore from 1990 till 2005, a total period of one and a half decades. Due to the extensive ground improvement required to treat the underlying highly compressible soil, with the presence of highly variable ground profile and ground conditions due to the natural geological process, a detailed ground investigation was necessary. This was furthermore necessary due to the importance of various critical …
Recorded Bedrock Motions And Site Effects Evaluation In Tehran City, Reza Behrou, Ali Komak Panah, Mohammad Reza Ghayamghamian
Recorded Bedrock Motions And Site Effects Evaluation In Tehran City, Reza Behrou, Ali Komak Panah, Mohammad Reza Ghayamghamian
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In this paper, the results of theoretical analyses related to the evaluation of site effects in Tehran city, the capital of Iran, are presented. To evaluate the response of site, recorded bedrock motions in BHRC (Building and Housing Research Center) acceleration stations at Tehran city were used as bedrock input motion. These motions were recorded during Firozabad-Kojour (2004) earthquake (Ms=6.4), which occurred near Tehran city. Equivalent linear analysis was performed to evaluate the seismic response of each selected geotechnical and geophysical profile subjected to the scaled 475-year bedrock input motion. The results are presented in terms of site response spectrum …
Using Local Case Histories In Undergraduate Teaching, Andrew T. Rose
Using Local Case Histories In Undergraduate Teaching, Andrew T. Rose
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
One of the challenges of civil engineering practice in central and western Pennsylvania, as well as neighboring states is the variety of geotechnical problems encountered when trying to develop or improve a given site. Slope stability issues, mine subsidence, expansive soils and slag fills, and karst landforms are some of the more common geotechnical problems that might be encountered at a given site. While undergraduate courses and supporting textbooks generally cover the basic principles of geotechnical engineering, time and reference materials necessary to cover some of the specific geotechnical problems commonly encountered in local professional practice are often not available. …
Using The 1911 Austin Dam Failure Case History In Undergraduate Teaching, Andrew T. Rose
Using The 1911 Austin Dam Failure Case History In Undergraduate Teaching, Andrew T. Rose
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The 1911 sliding failure of Austin Dam in Potter County, Pennsylvania presents an interesting case history combining an engineering failure with ethical, social legal and regulatory issues. The concrete gravity dam, completed in December 1909, was plagued by poor design and construction, influenced greatly by the owner pressuring the designer to keep costs low. Seepage through the foundation, an inadequate shear key, and cracking of the cyclopean concrete, all contributed to the eventual catastrophic failure that destroyed the towns of Austin and Costello, claiming at least 78 lives. As a case history, the failure of Austin Dam has applicability to …
Base Grouting Case Studies Including Full Scale Comparative Load Testing, Jon Sinnreich, Robert C. Simpson
Base Grouting Case Studies Including Full Scale Comparative Load Testing, Jon Sinnreich, Robert C. Simpson
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Base grouting is becoming more widely promoted in the drilled shaft industry as a means to improve shaft response to load. There are a limited number of full-scale field comparisons of test shafts which have been base grouted and adjacent test shafts which have not. This paper presents several case histories of full-scale static load test shafts as well as the results of the tests conducted on adjacent shafts with and without base grouting. The paper compares six pairs of adjacent grouted and ungrouted shafts on 5 separate projects in various parts of the United States. All tests were performed …
Case Study Of The Soil-Structure Interaction Response Of Embedded Structures With Varying Backfill Soil Properties, Lisa M. Anderson, Luis M. Moreschi
Case Study Of The Soil-Structure Interaction Response Of Embedded Structures With Varying Backfill Soil Properties, Lisa M. Anderson, Luis M. Moreschi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) analysis is the study of the dynamic response of a structure as influenced by the interaction with the surrounding soil. The SSI response is sensitive to the characteristics of the soil, structures, and ground motion, as well as the depth of embedment. Availability of soil dynamic properties is, therefore, of paramount importance for performing such SSI analysis. However, detailed soil information and associated engineering properties may not always be available at the beginning of a project. Therefore, the analyst may rely on simplified yet conservative methodologies to estimate the dynamic response of the coupled soilstructure system to …
Differential Settlement Of Foundations On Loess, Dušan Milović, Mitar Djogo
Differential Settlement Of Foundations On Loess, Dušan Milović, Mitar Djogo
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Experience gained during several decades shows that the loess soil in some cases undergoes structural collapse and subsidence due to inundation and that in some other cases the sensitivity of loess to the collapse is considerably less pronounced. In this paper the behaviour of three 12 story buildings A, B and C, of the same static system and the identical shapes have been analyzed. The measurement of settlements of building A over a period of 10 years indicate that the values were situated between the limits 9 cm to 13 cm, and that they are larger than the calculated values, …
Differential Settlement Problem Of A Large Apartment Building In Bogotá, Cause And Solution, Marcela Q. Salcedo, Luis Fernando R. Orozco
Differential Settlement Problem Of A Large Apartment Building In Bogotá, Cause And Solution, Marcela Q. Salcedo, Luis Fernando R. Orozco
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Foundation analysis for any structure is based primarily on the results of the soil exploration and testing, but there are other sources of information which must be studied carefully and thoroughly, depending on the zone where the project is to be located. This paper deals with a condominium of three large apartments buildings which were constructed at a site on the foothill of the eastern mountains of the city of Bogotá. The soil borings showed the existence of a uniform gravel stratum at a depth of 29 m., but the truth was different and its analysis more complex than was …
Evaluation Of Treatment Methods Used For Construction On Expansive Soils In Egypt, Ahmed T. M. Farid, Ihab A. Hamid
Evaluation Of Treatment Methods Used For Construction On Expansive Soils In Egypt, Ahmed T. M. Farid, Ihab A. Hamid
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The soil formation in this arid area is sometimes an expansive problematic soil. Due to the lake of the construction experience on this problematic soil, many defects are appeared in the new buildings established in these arid areas. In this paper, a focusing on the treatment method using soil replacement for expansive soil formation. In the other hand, some case studies were illustrated to show the different types of problems appeared due to the different construction methods used. Finally, a conclusion about how to overcome these defects happened due to this treatment method for this problematic soil is mentioned. Some …
Geotechnical Issues Associated With The Design And Construction Of The Middle River Bridge, Vishnu Diyaljee
Geotechnical Issues Associated With The Design And Construction Of The Middle River Bridge, Vishnu Diyaljee
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The existing short single span, single lane, concrete bridge constructed in 1930 across the Middle River in the Town of Mc Kellar, Ontario required replacement as a result of age and sub-standard approach roadway geometrics. In 1986, a geotechnical investigation was undertaken to upgrade the existing bridge. This investigation was undertaken primarily within the river since the new bridge structure was contemplated on an alignment with improved geometrics. The proposed structure was designed but was never constructed. In 2009, the need for a new structure was revived with the idea of placing it on the existing alignment with minor alignment …
Micropiled-Raft Foundations For High-Rise Buildings On Soft Soils — A Case Study: Kerman, Iran, Hessam Yazdani, Mehdi Momeni, Kianoosh Hatami
Micropiled-Raft Foundations For High-Rise Buildings On Soft Soils — A Case Study: Kerman, Iran, Hessam Yazdani, Mehdi Momeni, Kianoosh Hatami
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
For the structures supported on soft soils, piled raft foundations have been shown to be more economical than conventional piled foundations. In piled raft foundations, the bearing capacity of the underlying soil is taken into account to support the superstructure loads and the piles are placed such that they increase the bearing capacity of the raft and control both the total and differential settlements of the superstructure. In the city of Kerman, Iran, the predominance of soft soils had historically hampered the construction of high-rise buildings across the city. Recently, an eighteen-story reinforced concrete building was constructed on a micropiled-raft …
Pile Driving Adjacent To Municipal Drinking Water Storage Facility, R. Eric Zimmerman, Gregory R. Reuter, Chad A. Underwood
Pile Driving Adjacent To Municipal Drinking Water Storage Facility, R. Eric Zimmerman, Gregory R. Reuter, Chad A. Underwood
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An unexpected response occurred as piles were driven within 3 feet of the west wall of an existing municipal drinking water storage reservoir. Being located in a confined urban space, the expansion of the parking garage at a facility on the south end of Lake Michigan required the installation of 122 steel H-piles as close as 3 feet to the reservoir. Historically, structures on the site were supported on either shallow spread footings or H-piles driven to bedrock. At the contractor’s suggestion, considerable project savings were achieved by driving the H-piles to an extremely hard clay layer (“Chicago hardpan”) above …
Repair Of Sunken Floor By Integrated Approach: A Case Study, P. K. Jain, Rakesh Kumar
Repair Of Sunken Floor By Integrated Approach: A Case Study, P. K. Jain, Rakesh Kumar
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The floors and non load bearing walls of a house, having expansive black cotton soil underneath, have been repaired by two methods. A part of the damaged house floors and walls were repaired by the conventional method i.e. removing the expansive soil completely and replacing with non expansive granular material. The remaining part was repaired by integrated approach as described later by Jain and Mewade (2010). The Jain and Mewade (2010) approach consists of removing the expansive soil underneath the damaged floor by about 0.5m, making 50mm diameter, 1m deep holes at 0.75m centre to centre and filling lime slurry …
Soil Reinforcement By Rigid Inclusions: Contamination Of An Oil Storage Tank, Mounir Bouassida, Wafy Bouassida
Soil Reinforcement By Rigid Inclusions: Contamination Of An Oil Storage Tank, Mounir Bouassida, Wafy Bouassida
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An oil storage tank at the North suburb La Goulette (Tunisia) was founded on reinforced soft soil by floating sand columns of 6 m in length and 11% of improvement area ratio within a thick compressible clayey soil. Serious contamination of tank due to very significant differential settlement forces the decision to terminate its operations. Reinforcement by inclined rigid inclusions was suggested to neutralize the evolution of consolidation settlement in sub compressible clay layers. Numerical predictions were implemented for the study of the post behavior of tank on reinforced soil by rigid inclusions. Effectiveness of solution using inclined rigid inclusions …
A Case History Of A Deep Foundation Pit Constructed By Zoned Excavation Method In Shanghai Soft Deposit, Z. H. Xu, J. Zhang, C. Chen
A Case History Of A Deep Foundation Pit Constructed By Zoned Excavation Method In Shanghai Soft Deposit, Z. H. Xu, J. Zhang, C. Chen
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents a case history of a deep excavation for building foundation in Shanghai soft deposit. The excavated area was about 15916 m2. The excavation depth at the tower part was 15.0 m and at the podium part was 14.5 m to 15.2 m. Around the excavated pit, there existed many facilities including roads, the shield tunnels of the No.7 Metro, buildings, and pipelines. Zoned excavation method was adopted in this project. The excavation was divided into a relatively small pit (Zone I) and a big pit (Zone II). The small pit was just adjacent to the …
Accumulation Of Rainfall In The Permeable Fill Behind A Soil Nail Wall, S. Mohsen Haeri, Mohammadhasan Sasar, Kioumars Afshari
Accumulation Of Rainfall In The Permeable Fill Behind A Soil Nail Wall, S. Mohsen Haeri, Mohammadhasan Sasar, Kioumars Afshari
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
TOOBA deep excavation project was conducted in a densely developed area in the North West of Tehran, capital of Iran, to provide space for 4 basement levels for multiple buildings around the already functional TOOBA tower. Besides excavating on 3 sides of TOOBA tower, this project involved excavation to the depths varying from 9 to 28 meters depending on the sloping ground condition. A 5 story school building and a 2 story residential building abut the excavation boundary. Previous experience of constructed soil nail walls in cemented soils of Tehran indicated relatively small wall deformations. Therefore, except for the retaining …
Application Of Jacket Pack Anchor (Jp Anchor), Kim Tae-Seob, Cho Yoon-Ju
Application Of Jacket Pack Anchor (Jp Anchor), Kim Tae-Seob, Cho Yoon-Ju
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Jacket Pack Anchor(JP Anchor) is applied the irregular layer that general ground anchor is difficult to be applied such as soft layer(SPT-N values of less than 20) or gravel layer that grout lost. It makes sure of the pullout resistance required in these layers by the certain grout bulb formation and expansion effect. Thereby, Jacket Pack Anchor that is a new concept makes possible the construction improving and the cost saving in the excavation site. From the field test results, it was observed that the pullout resistance of Jacket Pack Anchor was about 84% greater than that of general ground …
Case Histories Of Earthen Dam Failures, R. P. Sharma, Ali Kumar
Case Histories Of Earthen Dam Failures, R. P. Sharma, Ali Kumar
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Historical study of dams conceived in earlier times is essential. To continue advancing, the engineering profession must periodically review past problems and the lessons that they taught. Candid sharing of information on failures as well as successes is needed. In fact, some of the most valuable learning has come from projects where errors have been clear in retrospect. In recent years, dam safety has drawn increasing attention from the public. This is because floods resulting from breaching of dams can lead to devastating disasters with tremendous loss of life and property, especially in densely populated areas. Past dam failure disasters …
Case Studies Of Dewatering And Foundation Design: Retail Warehouses In Taiwan, Barry S. Chen, Roy E. Jensen
Case Studies Of Dewatering And Foundation Design: Retail Warehouses In Taiwan, Barry S. Chen, Roy E. Jensen
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The case studies in this paper describe three retail warehouse sites in Taiwan that have high groundwater tables in common, but that have drastically different soil conditions. Two of the sites are in dense, permeable gravel and cobble and the third site is in interbedded alluvial sand and clay. At the first site, shallow footings and slab-on-grade floors were placed on top of a permanent passive drainage system that required accurate seepage volume estimates in the permeable gravel and cobble. At the second site, the hydraulic conductivity of the gravel and cobble is high and is sensitive to fluctuation of …
Constructive Solutions To The Conservation Of Cultural Heritage, Miroslav Todorov
Constructive Solutions To The Conservation Of Cultural Heritage, Miroslav Todorov
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Bulgaria is a country with rich historical heritage and cultural diversity. The protection and conservation of cultural and historical monuments is vital to preserving the national identity of Bulgarians, the relationship with the land and traditional culture as an essential part of his life and means of survival. It should be noted Bulgarian modest contribution to the preservation of 7 (according to UNESCO) cultural monuments and two nature reserves listed as World Heritage. In the center of the Bulgarian capital - Sofia are located over 1400 cultural and historical monuments that highlight the civilizational and cultural outlook of the capital …
Embankment Construction Using Column Supported Embankment, Aravinda Ramakrishna, Elizabeth Trimpin, Raymond Mankbadi
Embankment Construction Using Column Supported Embankment, Aravinda Ramakrishna, Elizabeth Trimpin, Raymond Mankbadi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The construction of roadway embankments over soft, compressible soils challenges designers with managing large and differential settlements, maintaining embankment stability, and minimizing construction costs associated with long consolidation periods. These challenges can be successfully tackled with the use of an in-situ soil improvement technique such as the Column Supported Embankment (CSE). The Column Supported Embankment involves constructing a pattern of cement-grouted columns in-situ, using the vibro-displacement or displacement-auger technique. The columns are constructed to bear on dense sand strata underlying cohesive strata that would otherwise consolidate under the embankment loading. A load transfer platform (LTP) is used to effectively distribute …
Failure Investigation And Restoration Of Two Cellular Sheetpile Structures, Frank M. Clemente
Failure Investigation And Restoration Of Two Cellular Sheetpile Structures, Frank M. Clemente
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Trainer - Delco Tap - Mickleton 220-38 kilo-volt transmission lines are carried across the Delaware River by two 332-foot high steel latticed towers each founded on a man-made foundation island structure. Each island structure is comprised of four interconnected cellular sheetpile structures. One island, suffered a severe partial failure due to long-term scour in the Delaware River, near Chester, Pennsylvania. The other island exhibited early symptoms of potential failure, also due to scour. The client was the Philadelphia Electric Company, now known as PECO, acting on behalf of the owner, the Atlantic Electric Company (AECO). The author served as …
Lessons From Revisiting Three Cases Of Slope Failure, Konstantina Papadopoulou, George Gazetas
Lessons From Revisiting Three Cases Of Slope Failure, Konstantina Papadopoulou, George Gazetas
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Three old failures of geotechnical projects are analyzed, where some original design uncertainties were lately discovered. The first case concerns the failure during construction of a slope at the portal area of a tunnel in Greece, due to unexpected excessive water pressures. The failure was restricted to the upper weathered zone of flysh formation. Due to difficulties in performing laboratory tests with such hard soil material necessitated the estimation of shear strength parameters on the basis of the rockmass classification systems. The next case deals with an extensive failure of an open pit mine slope in Greece. The ground consists …
Numerical Analyses Of Soil Deformations Around Deep Excavations, Oktay Sevencan, Kutay Ozaydin, Havvanur Kilic
Numerical Analyses Of Soil Deformations Around Deep Excavations, Oktay Sevencan, Kutay Ozaydin, Havvanur Kilic
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In this study, the deep excavation of Cincin Station located along the Bağcılar - Otogar metro line which is currently under construction in Istanbul is modeled numerically. The excavation (depth 32.5 m) of the station is carried out with a surrounding slurry trench diaphragm wall and top-down construction method. The six slabs of the station building and the foundation mat are used as support elements. Lateral soil displacements are measured with inclinometers placed in the wall and nearby soil layers. The results of numerical analysis using soil profile and geotechnical parameters obtained from conventional field and laboratory tests and measured …