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Articles 12031 - 12060 of 13029

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Non-Negative Skin Friction Piles In Layered Soil, S. L. Lee, G. P. Karunaratne, S. Sithichaikasem May 1984

Non-Negative Skin Friction Piles In Layered Soil, S. L. Lee, G. P. Karunaratne, S. Sithichaikasem

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A project in which a special type of steel pipe piles which reduce negative skin friction is described. The piles are driven in a layered soil which is subjected to subsidence due to pumping. The design concept in assessing the pile length, carrying capacity, settlement, construction control and load tests under these special conditions are discussed.

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Tower Foundations Bearing Above Weak Soils, T. J. Kaderabek, D. Barreiro, M. A. Call May 1984

Tower Foundations Bearing Above Weak Soils, T. J. Kaderabek, D. Barreiro, M. A. Call

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A 13-level reinforced concrete structure was constructed on Marco Island in southwest Florida. The tower is located 200 feet from the Gulf of Mexico and has plan area dimensions of 115 by 170 feet. The field testing revealed the site was mantled with a 17-foot thick layer of firm sand. The sand stratum was underlain by a compressible 9-foot thick layer of silty sand which had an average SPT N-value of less than 2. Various methods of engineering analyses estimated total tower settlements to range from 1 to 8 inches. Actual measured settlement following the application of dead load was …

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General Report For Theme Two - Case Histories In Retaining Structures And Failure Records, J. Ronald Salley May 1984

General Report For Theme Two - Case Histories In Retaining Structures And Failure Records, J. Ronald Salley

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Monitoring Of A Deep Basement In London, L. A. Wood, A. J. Perrin May 1984

Monitoring Of A Deep Basement In London, L. A. Wood, A. J. Perrin

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A deep basement in London Clay has been monitored throughout the entire duration of its excavation and construction, covering a period to date of over two and a half years. Measurements have provided a complete record of all aspects of the soil and structural behaviour. The high quality and regularity of the data, have enabled integration of diverse measurements which serve to identify important events in the history of the structure. The paper describes briefly the excavation and construction procedure, the measurements made. together with the installation methods employed. A selection of data covering a broad range of measurements is …

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Behavior Of Braced Cut In Connection With Construction Of Large Underground Station, S. Uchida, H. Ito, T. Kaino, H. Tarumi May 1984

Behavior Of Braced Cut In Connection With Construction Of Large Underground Station, S. Uchida, H. Ito, T. Kaino, H. Tarumi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Ueno underground station of the Shinkansen is a large scale underground station constructed in relatively stable diluvial layers. The construction was conducted with elaborated comparative designing, and with carefully controlled measurements referring estimated values, because data about design and construction of this kind of large underground station are rare. Primary estimations are qualitatively in good agreement with actual measured values, while quantitatively they do not agree well with the actual values. But the accuracy of the method of estimation will be increased in the future when more data about earth pressure of stable grounds are accumulated. Behavior of a diaphragm …

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Earth Pressure On Retaining Walls And Buried Pipe, M. Fukuoka, Y. Imamura May 1984

Earth Pressure On Retaining Walls And Buried Pipe, M. Fukuoka, Y. Imamura

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the results of earth pressure measurements buried pipes. Conventional earth pressure gauges fixed on the walls were type earth pressure gauges which covers the whole wall surface were used components of the resultant earth pressures were measured.

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Clay Shale Foundation Slide At Waco Dam, Texas, W. R. Stroman, R. R. W. Beene, A. M. Hull May 1984

Clay Shale Foundation Slide At Waco Dam, Texas, W. R. Stroman, R. R. W. Beene, A. M. Hull

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A major slide occurred during construction of the dam in 1961. It was caused by a combination of unusually high pore pressures in the clay shale foundation and a low residual shear strength. The dam was completed with wide berms to provide stability. Since completion there has been a very slow decrease in foundation pore pressure.

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Failure Of A Dredged Slope In A Sensitive Clay, D. P. Lagatta, S. L. Whiteside May 1984

Failure Of A Dredged Slope In A Sensitive Clay, D. P. Lagatta, S. L. Whiteside

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

During construction of a new wharf facility in Portland, Maine, an underwater slope failed during dredging and subsequent driving of piles through the slope. The construction and failure of the slope are described. The major factors which contributed to the failure were: 1) high sensitivity of the silty clay, 2) placement of riprap on the crest of the slope to 4 to 6 ft above the design elevation, 3) method of dredging which caused high shear stresses and probable disturbed zones near the toe of the slope, 4) dredging slope steeper than design slope, 5) pile driving causing localized disturbed …

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Lessons From Embankment Dam Accidents. An Introduction, V. Perlea May 1984

Lessons From Embankment Dam Accidents. An Introduction, V. Perlea

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

More than 500 records of embankment dam failures and accidents all over the world, were collected and statistically processed from many points of view. The causes of troubles were classified using a comprehensive scheme. It was found that overtopping is the main cause of failures and of causalities also. Most of troubles affected small earth darns. More than 50% failures and accidents occurred during construction or in the first two years of operation. The study is completed with an Appendix containing data on all considered events, this giving the possibility to check up, to correct the possible errors and to …

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Long Term Failure In Compacted Clay Slopes, A. E. Templeton, G. L. Sills, L. A. Cooley May 1984

Long Term Failure In Compacted Clay Slopes, A. E. Templeton, G. L. Sills, L. A. Cooley

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The results of field, laboratory, and analytical investigations of recurring slope failures along the Mississippi River Levee are presented. Observations from slide trenching operations are described. Laboratory measured shear strengths are compared to effective strengths at failure "back-calculated" for two slides. Factors influencing the long term behavior of the levee materials and the mechanism of failure are discussed.

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Sealing Leakage Of Earth Dam By Concrete Diaphragm, Shen Chonggang, Jiang Guocheng May 1984

Sealing Leakage Of Earth Dam By Concrete Diaphragm, Shen Chonggang, Jiang Guocheng

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Some seriously cracked and leaked earth dams in China have been successfully strengthened by the cast-in-situ concrete diaphragm at or near the dam axis through the dam embankment. The diaphragm is enabled to seal the leakage through concentrated seepage path in the earthfill resulted from the large voids or the cracks in cohesive earthfill as well as the leakage through the alluvium in dam foundation. The effectiveness of this strengthening method depends on the correct determination of the major seepage channels. Serious longitudinal cracks have occurred in some dams during excavating the slurry trenches and pouring concrete into them owing …

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Stability Of Slopes - A Case History, G. Ramasamy, Gopal Ranjan, Bhawani Singh, A. C. Khazanchi, U. N. Sinha May 1984

Stability Of Slopes - A Case History, G. Ramasamy, Gopal Ranjan, Bhawani Singh, A. C. Khazanchi, U. N. Sinha

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A Lecture cum-cinema hall was constructed on a terrace developed at the top of a hillock at a site located in the north-eastern part of India. At the time of development of the site, excavated soil was dumped on the slopes and retaining walls were constructed to retain the earth. After the first monsoon, the retaining walls gave way. Further distress in the vicinity of the building was noticed in the subsequent three years. The paper describes the details of the above failure, the investigations carried out and the remedial measures suggested.

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The Failure Of A Soil Blanket Lining Caused By The Action Of Bacteria, G. W. Plant, P. B.B. Voslo May 1984

The Failure Of A Soil Blanket Lining Caused By The Action Of Bacteria, G. W. Plant, P. B.B. Voslo

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A raw water storage reservoir was constructed with earth embankments and a soil blanket floor lining. Treated sewage effluent was used as construction water. Bacteria in the soil were capable of converting the organic nitrogen and ammonia present in the effluent to nitrite and then to nitrate under aerobic conditions. This nitrate was reduced to nitrogen gas under anaerobic conditions. The generation of gas had a "leavening" effect on the soil structure of the floor lining leading to a high water permeability, thus making the soil lining ineffective.

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First International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering, Multiple Authors May 1984

First International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Performance Of Diaphragm Walls In Deep Foundation Excavations, Z. C. Moh, T. F. Song May 1984

Performance Of Diaphragm Walls In Deep Foundation Excavations, Z. C. Moh, T. F. Song

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two case studies of using diaphragm wall as earth retaining structure for deep excavation are reported. Case A concerns excavation down to a depth of 14.7 min alternate layers of soft silty clay and silty sand. Diaphragm walls of 70 m thick and 22 m deep were installed into a dense silty sand stratum. In Case B, diaphragm walls of 60 m thick were constructed in very soft clayey soil without penetration into any firm stratum. In both cases, instrumentations including piezometers, inclinometers, earth pressure cells, reinforcing bar transducers, heave stakes, settlement points and strut strain gauges were installed and …

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Performance Of Preload On Cohesionless Soils, A. F. Youssef, O. Erol May 1984

Performance Of Preload On Cohesionless Soils, A. F. Youssef, O. Erol

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Common occurrence of loose normally consolidated fine sands and silts extending to considerable depths necessitates the utilization of ground improvement techniques along the coasts of Arabian Peninsula. In the case considered, the soil profile consisted of twenty meter thick compressible sands, and preloading technique was suggested to stabilize the foundation soil. The paper presents the performance of the preloading and the level of soil improvement achieved. The observed settlements and settlement-time behaviour are compared with the values estimated from various methods. The soil parameters back calculated from measured field behaviour are reported.

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Slurry Trench Wall Replaces Structure Underpinning, E. J. Zeigler, J. L. Wirth, J. T. Miller May 1984

Slurry Trench Wall Replaces Structure Underpinning, E. J. Zeigler, J. L. Wirth, J. T. Miller

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Construction of the Charles Center Station of the Baltimore Metro required a cut-and-cover excavation 66 feet (20 m) deep in a major street in the central business district of Baltimore, Maryland. Several high-rise buildings were so close to the excavation that it was necessary to remove portions of the spread footing foundations which extended into the proposed station excavation. The contract documents required that the spread footings adjacent to the excavation be underpinned using steel pipe piles jacked to end bearing on bedrock. When it was apparent that difficulties in installation would result in substantial delays in project completion, the …

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Soft Ground Tunnel Failures In Michigan, Jerome C. Neyer May 1984

Soft Ground Tunnel Failures In Michigan, Jerome C. Neyer

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Three failures of non-reinforced concrete tunnels in Michigan have been investigated. Descriptions of the failures have been presented, together with geotechnical data for the sites. A probable failure mechanism has been described, as well as design concepts which need to be considered on future projects. Finally, construction procedures to be specified as part of the design process have been evaluated.

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The Behavior Of House On Seasonally Frozen Ground, Xu You Zai, Wang Zheng Qiu May 1984

The Behavior Of House On Seasonally Frozen Ground, Xu You Zai, Wang Zheng Qiu

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper presents a case history of instrumented house with shallow foundation on the seasonally frozen ground. Variations of the soil frost penetration, the soil temperature, the cracks of the house, the displacements and the contact pressure on the base were systematically observed during freezing and thawing periods. It has been confirmed that the main reason why the cracks of the houses with shallow foundations occurred is that the development of the frozen depth is not uniform and the frost heaving and the redistribution of the contact pressures are unequal. This paper puts forward the principle of the effective depth …

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The Creation Of Additional Space For The Storage Of Dredged Materials - A Case History, Nicholas Chryssafopoulos May 1984

The Creation Of Additional Space For The Storage Of Dredged Materials - A Case History, Nicholas Chryssafopoulos

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Material dredged from the Delaware River is being stored on land in areas surrounded by man-made dikes. In the past, the height of these dikes had been increased in order to provide the needed additional storage space. However, existing land configuration and the high water table in the storage areas, together with the high water content and low strength of the stored dredged materials prohibit further increases of the dike height. A system of interconnected drainage trenches, excavated inside these areas and discharging into the river, was used to lower both the water table and the water content of the …

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Time Dependent Limit Stability Of Tunnel And Dam Engineering In Difficult Rocks, Tan Tjong Kie May 1984

Time Dependent Limit Stability Of Tunnel And Dam Engineering In Difficult Rocks, Tan Tjong Kie

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Some representative case histories of the damage of tunnels and galleries in weak fissured swelling rock formations with low competency ratios are described; a rheological analysis and suggestions for the design are presented. The basic ideas underlying the design and construction of the Ghe Zou Ba dam, founded on horizontal layers of sand-and mudstones interbedded by thin clay sheets are reported. In all such cases the time factor is important.

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Twenty-Year Performance Of Soil-Cement Dam Facings, T. J. Casias, A. K. Howard May 1984

Twenty-Year Performance Of Soil-Cement Dam Facings, T. J. Casias, A. K. Howard

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The soil-cement slope protection on three Bureau of Reclamation projects has been damaged enough to require repair. They were the first three Bureau embankments to utilize soil-cement in place of riprap and have been in service about 18 to 20 years. The soil-cement facings on other Bureau dams are in excellent condition. The lack of bond between the soil-cement lifts in combination with severe weather and wave action appear to be the main factors contributing to the damage. Laboratory tests and field test sections indicate that cement applied between the soil-cement lifts may be a practical solution to prevent damage …

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Unplanned Construction Of A 210 Ft High Temple, Gopal Ranjan, Shamsher Prakash May 1984

Unplanned Construction Of A 210 Ft High Temple, Gopal Ranjan, Shamsher Prakash

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A 210′ high temple site was located on a hillock made up of filled up soil. Taking the advantage of site topography terraced construction consisting of the main temple in the centre and rooms on the three sides were planned. The construction progressed without any soil investigations. The paper highlights the problems faced at the stage when the construction had already progressed up to +50 ft. Soil investigations were carried out at this stage. Then, the performance of structures was predicted and possible modifications in the future construction are presented.

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Uranium Mill Trailings Geotechnical Investigations - A Case History, V. Singh, J.P. Berry, D.F. Kapral May 1984

Uranium Mill Trailings Geotechnical Investigations - A Case History, V. Singh, J.P. Berry, D.F. Kapral

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Uranium mill tailings at Union Carbide Corporation's mining and mill complex at Uravan, Colorado, are deposited in two tailings piles along a steep hillside. The tailings are deposited in slurry form, allowed to decant, and the decant liquid removed for recycling in the milling operation. The impoundment dikes are raised using the coarser portion of the tailings in an upstream method of construction. At the time of the study, the height of the tailings piles was in excess of 100 feet. Continued use of these piles necessitated a detailed geotechnical stability evaluation and design of stabilizing measures in order to …

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Conference Committees, Multiple Members May 1984

Conference Committees, Multiple Members

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Bearing Capacity Of Piles Under Long-Term Vibration, Xu You Zai, Liu Yao Fu, Shi Yul Iang, Xin Su Lan May 1984

Bearing Capacity Of Piles Under Long-Term Vibration, Xu You Zai, Liu Yao Fu, Shi Yul Iang, Xin Su Lan

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The Bearing capacity of piles under long-term vibration is herein discussed. A real case of continuous subsidence of vibrating pile foundations is presented with a set of vibratory loading tests in-situ and the characteristics of settlement-time curves are described. Analyses of the observed data are made and the additional plastic deformation induced in the soil strata under the piles is interpreted. Based on the test data, authors recommend a conception of long-term bearing capacity of piles to be used in the design of pile foundation under vibration instead of the conventional one, and a method of determination of bearing capacity …

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Design Considerations And Long-Term Performance Of A Building Foundation In Clay, G. E. Bauer May 1984

Design Considerations And Long-Term Performance Of A Building Foundation In Clay, G. E. Bauer

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Based on the results of a full-scale footing tests, spread footings were used instead of end-bearing piles to support a four storey building extension. Five proto-type footings were instrumented and the settlement behaviour was monitored over 13 years. Special construction procedures had to be employed to achieve compatible differential settlements between the individual footings and the adjacent existing building.

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Excessive Settlement In Buildings, A. Verghese Chummar May 1984

Excessive Settlement In Buildings, A. Verghese Chummar

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper deals with three case studies where the foundations of buildings in the coastal areas of South India settled from 10 to 100 Cms resulting in excessive tilt or cracks in the superstructure. Details of soil exploration work carried out, description of the soil characteristics and the analysis of the causes of settlement are dealt with in this paper. The remedial measures suggested for the possible rectification of the damages are also presented.

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Failure Of The Ghana Law School Building In Accra, Ghana, N. K. Kumapley, S. Ramachandra May 1984

Failure Of The Ghana Law School Building In Accra, Ghana, N. K. Kumapley, S. Ramachandra

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The immediate post-independence era in Ghana, namely the late 1950's to early 1960's, was characterised by extensive physical and infrastructural development, for most of which proper design and construction records were either not kept or were lost. This has often led to difficulties when remedial measures have to be designed for some of these structures which have failed after only a few years in service. The paper describes attempts to diagnose the cause(s) of failure and to design remedial measures for one such structure in the absence of original construction records.

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Foundation Design And Construction For A Large Mill Complex, C. R. I. Clayton, J. Milititsky, L. J. L. Carvalho May 1984

Foundation Design And Construction For A Large Mill Complex, C. R. I. Clayton, J. Milititsky, L. J. L. Carvalho

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Very little good field data exists concerning the performance of heavily loaded end-bearing piles on thin layers of weak rock. The problems associated with the foundations for silos are often severe, since loads are normally heavy, and allowable differential settlements are often very small. The paper describes just such problems, associated with the construction of a flour mill complex, where the principal problems were associated with the uncertainties of pile performance. On the basis of the uniaxial unconfined compressive strength of the supporting rock the end-bearing piles supporting silos within the mill appeared to be overloaded. A programme of slow …

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