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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Time-Dependent Mechanical Properties Of Pdms For Micro Tissue Gauges, Nicole Bacca
Time-Dependent Mechanical Properties Of Pdms For Micro Tissue Gauges, Nicole Bacca
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) is commonly used for biological experiments due to its biocompatibility, and elasticity. However, the use of PDMS materials as platforms in tissue engineering, specifically as the pillars for micro tissue gauges (?TUGs), means a continuous contraction of the cells (cardiomyocytes) against the PDMS posts. This behavior created the need to know the mechanical properties of the PDMS that will receive this continuous dynamic loading. Initial in-situ microscale deflection tests revealed a time-dependent mechanical response from the material. Inducing cyclic deflections on the posts similar to those experienced by cardiac tissue during beating (~10 ?m) resulted in the displacements …
Ultra-Wideband Interference Resistant System For Multi-User Communication, Alfredo Gonzalez
Ultra-Wideband Interference Resistant System For Multi-User Communication, Alfredo Gonzalez
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
In the emergence of high frequency systems comes the opportunity to investigate the possibilities of ultra-wideband (UWB) techniques. These UWB capabilities give presence to higher data rates and opens a door for techniques to ensure commination security. Secure communication is vital for mission critical scenarios, environments abundant with malicious interference, and areas with congesting transmissions. Being able to have a variety of techniques available to counteract these unfavorable scenes and as well satisfy high data rates of current technology is a goal that this paper aims to contribute in. We present here an investigation into an ultra-wideband system that is …
Exploring Drivers’ Behavior And Cognition In A Driving Simulator With Eye-Tracking, Hillary Lopez
Exploring Drivers’ Behavior And Cognition In A Driving Simulator With Eye-Tracking, Hillary Lopez
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Intersection collision warning systems (ICWSs) have the potential to significantly improve driving and pedestrian safety. When drivers receive a warning of an upcoming pedestrian or vehicle, they are more likely to stop and thus prevent collision. Recent research shows that auditory stimuli are more effective than visual stimuli when it comes to warning modality (Bella & Silvestri, 2017). Thanks to driving simulators, driver behavior metrics-- and more recently-- driver attention and cognition captured via eye-tracking (e.g. Herwitz & Monsere, 2013)-- can be measured. To date, however, no study has examined driver cognition simultaneously while receiving an ICWS warning. The purpose …
Validation Of Near Infrared Optical Scanner To Assess Saturated Oxygen Changes In Response To Breath Hold, Priscilla Lozano
Validation Of Near Infrared Optical Scanner To Assess Saturated Oxygen Changes In Response To Breath Hold, Priscilla Lozano
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
A near-infrared optical scanner (NIROS) was developed in-house, to determine relative oxygenated (DHbO) and deoxygenated (DHbR) hemoglobin levels in the wound and the surrounding tissue. The goal of this study is to measure perfusion changes in terms of saturated oxygen in subsurface tissues as a response to a breath-holding paradigm using NIROS, and validated against a hospital grade pulse oximeter and photo-spectrometer. Comparison of perfusion changes between the devices can assist in correlating these measurements and thus calibrate and validate our recently developed NIROS device. Furthermore, assessing oxygenated perfusion change can potentially help demarcate regions of poor oxygen flow, thus …
Spark Plasma Sintered Aluminum Oxide Filter For Hot Gas Applications, Catalina M. Young
Spark Plasma Sintered Aluminum Oxide Filter For Hot Gas Applications, Catalina M. Young
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
In this study, we report the fabrication of aluminum oxide filter via spark plasma sintering for application as a hot gas filter. Spherical alpha alumina particles were sieved to achieve uniform size distribution. A bimodal size distribution was observed, after sieving, of 180±40 μm and 109±16 μm, for the large and small particle respectively. Powder was then sintered via spark plasma sintering at varying dwell temperatures, pressures, and dwell periods to find optimal parameters to produce sufficient surface diffusion at necks between particles. A temperature of 1500C, 30 minutes dwell period, and 10-20MPa applied pressure produced filters with optimal range …
Boron Nitride Nanotube Reinforced Magnesium Composite By Spark Plasma Sintering, Noemie Denis
Boron Nitride Nanotube Reinforced Magnesium Composite By Spark Plasma Sintering, Noemie Denis
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Boron Nitride Nanotube (BNNT) is a high strength, high stiffness and highly thermally stable lightweight nanomaterial. BNNTs are appealing for mechanical reinforcement applications, and can be added to the lightweight metals, such as Aluminum and Magnesium to improve their mechanical properties. Mechanical properties of reinforced metals are heavily influenced by interfacial reactions between the metal and the nanotubes. In this study, Magnesium alloy (AZ31) is reinforced with BNNT through spark plasma sintering (SPS). The composite is processed at 400 ºC, which can induce chemical reactions between the alloy and the nanotubes. The focus is to understand the reactivity at interface …
Ultra Violet Disinfection In Waste Water Treatment Plants, Terry Reyes
Ultra Violet Disinfection In Waste Water Treatment Plants, Terry Reyes
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Disinfection is one of the last processes in waste water treatment plants before the effluent is discarded. Its goal is to rid of any potential pathogens, suspended solids, organics or any contaminants. The current, most widely used disinfection method in waste water treatment plants nationally is chlorine disinfection. It is a well-established and cheap technology. Even though it is an effective method for pathogenic microorganism disinfection, it does have certain health and safety limitations, along with environmental concerns. In this study we observe an alternative technology, Ultra Violet (UV) disinfection. We explore the type of microorganisms and pathogens that are …
Using Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing To Identify And Quantify Extracellular Vesicles, Jessica E. Molina
Using Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing To Identify And Quantify Extracellular Vesicles, Jessica E. Molina
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Calcification, the leading predictor of and direct contributor to cardiovascular disease, begins with the release of small, ~100 nm sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) by cells in response to pathological conditions such as plaque formation in arteries. Studies have shown that calcifying EVs released in bone possess a negative charge, which plays a vital role in the calcification process. These calcifying EVs exist within larger populations of vesicles released during normal cellular processes. One of the biggest challenges in studying EVs comes from their heterogeneity and small size. There are no methods that currently exist to separately assess and quantify calcifying …
Techniques In Theranostic Ormosil Nanoparticle Fabrication For Cancer Therapy, Romina Doubnia
Techniques In Theranostic Ormosil Nanoparticle Fabrication For Cancer Therapy, Romina Doubnia
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Organically Modified Silica (ORMOSIL) nanoparticles have been studied for chemotherapeutic, photodynamic, gene delivery and bioimaging applications, and have improved pharmacokinetic properties, controlled release of the drug and lowered toxicity. This project emphasizes on making ORMOSIL through two different approaches to generate drug encapsulating medium for theranostics.The quality of these nanoparticles is determined by measuring the size, polydispersity index (PDI), and the quantity of functional groups on the surface. The size of nanoparticles is critical to take advantage of the Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect (EPR) of most tumors, which makes size optimization an integral aim for this project. These nanoparticles …
Detection Of Circulating Tumor Cells For Early Diagnosis Of Cancer On A Microfluidic Platform, Kristopher Odiete
Detection Of Circulating Tumor Cells For Early Diagnosis Of Cancer On A Microfluidic Platform, Kristopher Odiete
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) act as an early biomarker representing metastatic cancer, in which cells from a benign tumor release out into the bloodstream. These cells anchor to other organs of the body and begin to use the tissue as a scaffold for growth, leading to rapid progression of cancer. Metastatic cancer is at fault for the rise of breast, prostate, and brain cancer, which have high mortality rates (606, 880 cancer deaths in the U.S). Current techniques such as surgical and liquid biopsies are invasive and inefficient for early detection of cancer. In this work, we propose the capture …
Doctor’S Cyclo-Massage – Cycloidal Vibration Therapy, Monserrat G. Otarola
Doctor’S Cyclo-Massage – Cycloidal Vibration Therapy, Monserrat G. Otarola
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Body pain can be one of the most common reasons for visits to the doctor. It can be present in many body locations and be caused by different reasons, such as tension, stress, fatigue or other medical conditions. In many cases, users suffering from body pain, muscle stiffness and neuropathies have no reliable solution in their everyday lives to alleviate their symptoms. The project will investigate Doctor’s Cyclo-Massage in order to detect and analyze the current failures in the field that are compromising reliability and functionality of the device, to perform a redesign that will mitigate the mechanical and electrical …
Correlation Between Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Markers Of Spinal Cord Integrity And Muscle Composition In Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury, Kelly Nair Rojas
Correlation Between Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Markers Of Spinal Cord Integrity And Muscle Composition In Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury, Kelly Nair Rojas
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
The purpose of this research project was to investigate potential relationships between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based measures of the spinal cord and MRI-based measures of muscle physiology in 14 individuals with spinal cord injury. Such relationships – or lack thereof – may hold prognostic value for determining recovery of motor function in this population. We used simple linear regression as an initial tool to determine whether measures of damage to the spinal cord were associated with changes in muscle composition, including intramuscular fat and the diffusivity of fluid within the muscle. These muscle composition metrics are potential markers of denervation, …
Identifying Key Components Of Extracellular Matrix In Vascularized Skeletal Muscle Tissues, Patricia Garcia
Identifying Key Components Of Extracellular Matrix In Vascularized Skeletal Muscle Tissues, Patricia Garcia
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Engineered skeletal muscle tissues have recently been used for a variety of applications in the development of actuators for bio-robots, pre-clinical drug advances, and transplantation. In native muscle tissues, fibroblasts contribute to the formation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) layer, called endomysium, which is located between myofibers and capillaries. Because the ECM layer is known to have significant mechanical and biological roles, it can protect myofibers during contraction, control muscle development, and mediate cell to cell interactions. However, there is a lack of knowledge in establishing key components of the ECM, especially in engineered skeletal muscles, which affect differentiation of …
Assessing Biocompatibility Of Polymeric Materials As Scaffolds To Establish 3d Cell Culture In A Microfluidic Platform, Dennis Ramos Trinindad
Assessing Biocompatibility Of Polymeric Materials As Scaffolds To Establish 3d Cell Culture In A Microfluidic Platform, Dennis Ramos Trinindad
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
morphology, cellular environment and understanding their behavioral changes. The implementation of 3D cell culture systems into diagnostics, drug discovery and fundamental research in the field of life sciences for both academic and industrial applications has generated deeper insights leading towards early identification of various disease, assessing new drugs and treatment, and even genome sequencing. The current techniques for establishing a 3D cell culture requires a scaffold material which acts as an anchorage for cells to grow. The materials available have a certain limitation in term of biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this work, we intend to explore different polymeric materials which …
Computational Analysis Of Spark Plasma Sintering: Heat Transfer And Temperature Distribution, Rodolfo Fernandez
Computational Analysis Of Spark Plasma Sintering: Heat Transfer And Temperature Distribution, Rodolfo Fernandez
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Spark Plasma Sintering is a tool that offers a very effective and fast sintering process, however there are many unknowns on how this technology is so effective at sintering powders. Computational analysis of SPS shows promise to explain the different sintering processes that occur during SPS and will be able to serve as a functional tool to optimize and predict future SPS runs. In this study, the computational analysis of an SPS experiment is conducted utilizing the finite element analysis package COMSOL®. Meaningful data, such as relative density prediction, can be potentially obtained throughout the use of this technique. However …
Ion Channel Expression Regulation By Sodium And Potassium In Vascular Endothelial Cells, Monica Karas
Ion Channel Expression Regulation By Sodium And Potassium In Vascular Endothelial Cells, Monica Karas
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Introduction: Changes in the expression of ion channels, and of genes involved in membrane potential (Vm) homeostasis and Ca2 +s ignaling have been associated with pathological conditions such as hypertension (1,2,3,4). Little is known, however, for the mechanisms that regulate the expression of the approximately 400 genes encoding for subunits of the 200-250 ion channels. There is evidence that a feedback system exists, capable of sensing changes in cell electrophysiology (5 ) that leads to altering ion channel transcription levels. The variable(s) that are sensed and controlled have not been established although Na+ / K+ sensitive transcriptome has been reported …
Pcr Machine, Alain A. Perez
Pcr Machine, Alain A. Perez
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
This research aims to create and manufacture a smaller, economical Handheld PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) machine which is also known as a thermal cycler. The PCR machine is widely used in the area of molecular diagnostics, forensics, genetics as well as early detection of diseases. The function of a typical PCR machine is to amplify DNA using a polymerase enzyme which works by amplifying the DNA to several number of copies by cycling the temperature of the mixture. The conventional PCR machine involves heating block or plates as a heater which is connected to a PID controller due to which …
Experimental Comparison Of Active And Passive Battery Management Systems For E-Bike Battery Application, Reynier Serpa
Experimental Comparison Of Active And Passive Battery Management Systems For E-Bike Battery Application, Reynier Serpa
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Studies have shown that without a proper battery management system (BMS), batteries in a battery pack degrade much faster and this in turn affects the lifespan of the entire battery pack. These battery management systems monitor the voltage levels of each battery cell in order to ensure that all cells are at the same charge level as well as prevent any battery cell from being charged above (or discharged below) its safe voltage limit. The DC2064A BMS with active flyback multi-core multiwinding topology and the BQ77PL900EVM BMS with passive charge shunt topology were examined in order to compare the differences …
Tissue Oxygenation Changes In A Large Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Longitudinal Case Study, Maria Saavedra
Tissue Oxygenation Changes In A Large Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Longitudinal Case Study, Maria Saavedra
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) are responsible for 20% of diabetic-related hospitalization and for 85% of diabetes related amputations. A near-infrared optical scanner (NIROS) was developed to image for tissue oxygenation of DFUs and assessing the healing status of the wounds. The device was capable to imaging smaller DFUs but was limited to image large wounds. A non-contact hand-held NIROS was developed to image large tissue surfaces. NIROS was used to collect diffused reflected images at 10Hz frequency and the light source is composed of several multi-wavelengths LEDs covering a range of 600-900nm and with a 10Hz frequency. This allowed collection …
Mathematical Model Of Plasma Membrane Electrophysiology In A Single Pericyte Cell, Asad Mirza, Arash Moshkforoush
Mathematical Model Of Plasma Membrane Electrophysiology In A Single Pericyte Cell, Asad Mirza, Arash Moshkforoush
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
A mathematical model of a single pericyte cell was developed based on data available in literature. The model incorporates the dynamic behavior of 1) plasma membrane currents; 2) release and uptake of Ca2+ by the sarcoplasmic reticulum; 3) tracking of cytosolic Ca2+, K+, Na+, and Cl-; and 4) electrophysiological response due to norepinephrine (NE) stimulus. Current and voltage data attained from literature review was fitted to known equations for these channels. Coupled differential equations were then used along with these parameters to show the dynamic change of ion concentrations, membrane voltage, and gating variables. Validation was done using available literature …
Integrating A Raspberry Pi 3 With A Hand-Made Smart Meter, Ruben Munoz
Integrating A Raspberry Pi 3 With A Hand-Made Smart Meter, Ruben Munoz
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Becoming more connected with the devices around us thanks to the Internet of Things (IoT) concept enables us to gather more data to analyze to make our lives easier and use the sources more efficiently. Since energy resources are limited and scarce, need to become smarter in our usage. In our current demand-response grid we enable power generation plants to generate power based on the peak demand instead of consumers demand, which is wasteful since excess power is not stored. Smart meters allow for calculation of real time data the power that is being consumed to obtain that data you …
Eco-Mated Irrigation System, Omar Iglesias, Jose Sotomayor, Daniel Sotomayor, Elvis Fernandez
Eco-Mated Irrigation System, Omar Iglesias, Jose Sotomayor, Daniel Sotomayor, Elvis Fernandez
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
The continuous dramatic growth of the world population demands an increase in the world of agricultural production to satisfy the increasing need for food of current periods. At the same time, to help satisfy the increase of the agricultural production, larger and more efficient irrigation systems need to be implemented. However, most current irrigation systems consume a lot of fuelbased energy while they lack water management capabilities. To help solve this problem, a prototype irrigation system that combines the use of renewable energy with environmental data obtained from censoring devices was built. The objective of the project is to provide …
Adipose Stem Cell Culture Efficacy On Graphene-Polymer Composite Substrates, Nidhi Suthar, Brittany Gonzalez, Jennifer Bustillos, Pranjal Nautiyal
Adipose Stem Cell Culture Efficacy On Graphene-Polymer Composite Substrates, Nidhi Suthar, Brittany Gonzalez, Jennifer Bustillos, Pranjal Nautiyal
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
It is hypothesized that graphene can influence stem cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation towards osteoblasts. This property is highly desirable since it may promote faster healing and reconstructions of bone defects. In addition, graphene polymer composites can facilitate cell growth and differentiation of the cells depending on specific cell-to-substrate stiffness interaction. An attractive of these types of composites is that the graphene material properties can be tailored with polymers to yield scaffold properties can be tailored with polymers to yield scaffold properties desirable for tissue engineering, while at the same time retain high strength, which is important for musculoskeletal application. …
Weekly Monitoring Of Hemodynamic Changes In Diabetic Foot Ulcers, Cristianne Fernandez, Rebecca Kwasinski, Kevin Leiva, Richard Schutzman, Edwin Robledo
Weekly Monitoring Of Hemodynamic Changes In Diabetic Foot Ulcers, Cristianne Fernandez, Rebecca Kwasinski, Kevin Leiva, Richard Schutzman, Edwin Robledo
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) affect approximately 25% of the estimated 29.1 million people diagnosed with diabetes. Patients with diabetic foot ulcers report an overall lower quality of life and a 5-year mortality rate of 40%. For doctors treating patients with these ulcers, it is important to evaluate the blood oxygenation in the wound and peri-wound regions, as oxygen is vital for wound healing. DFUs were imaged using a Near Infrared Optical Scanner (NIROS) that utilizes near infrared light at different wavelengths to obtain hemodynamic maps of the wound and peri-wound tissue. DFU patients from Podiatry Care Partners and the University …
Convection Enhanced Delivery Brain Phantom Gel, Agnes Arrinda, Kacie Kaile, Glen Saunders, Jose Garundo, Nashra Phanor
Convection Enhanced Delivery Brain Phantom Gel, Agnes Arrinda, Kacie Kaile, Glen Saunders, Jose Garundo, Nashra Phanor
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Methods for Convection Enhanced Delivery (CED) of pharmaceuticals directly into brain tissue need to be verified for market approval. Current in-vitro testing is conducted on hydrogels that commonly results in mechanical failure and compromises data. In order to design a new hydrogel capable of providing desired results, a model that relates monomer properties to overall brittle fracture strength within hydrogels was developed. Known hydrogel materials were examined individually for their ability to improve the hydrogel fracture, and to observe the general trend of fracture mechanics. Two important monomer features were found from the model: smaller Van der Waals volume and …
Clamp Fixture For Computer Navigated Total Hip Arthroplasty, Lauren Aguilar, Juan Lizardi, Dionis Perez, Angie Estrada
Clamp Fixture For Computer Navigated Total Hip Arthroplasty, Lauren Aguilar, Juan Lizardi, Dionis Perez, Angie Estrada
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
During total hip arthroplasty, surgeons insert a prosthetic femur head onto the femur bone, as well as inserting a prosthetic acetabular cup so both prosthetic components can cope with one other. Surgeons also insert pins onto the hip and femur bones to track the movement of those bones via infrared arrays, using computer navigated software, in order to mitigate surgical error. In the US there is more than 310,000 total hip replacement surgeries conducted per year, most of which are over the age of 45. Hip replacement surgery is needed for individuals who have osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis, and/or trauma. The …
Simple Auto-Tuning Sliding Mode Control For Inductive Power Transfer Systems, Andres Cavada
Simple Auto-Tuning Sliding Mode Control For Inductive Power Transfer Systems, Andres Cavada
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Self-tuning controllers for inductive power transfer (IPT) systems based on a simple sliding-mode control (SMC) method is proposed in this paper. The SMCs are designed based on the energyinjection and free-oscillation techniques and they are able to regulate the resonant current around a reference current autonomously. The proposed controllers automatically synchronize the switching operations of the power electronic converters to the resonance current of the IPT system. As a result, this feature eliminates any potential need for manual frequency tuning and maximizes the that we could extract from this system. Also, it enables soft-switching operations (zero-current switching) which will improve …
Hybrid Spectroscopy Imaging System For In-Vivo Tissue Investigation, Juan Giraldo
Hybrid Spectroscopy Imaging System For In-Vivo Tissue Investigation, Juan Giraldo
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Improvements for a hybrid spectroscopy imaging system were performed in order to make it more applicable to a surgical environment. The hybrid spectroscopy imaging system holds great value for in-vivo tissue investigation since it is able to quantify optical absorption and scattering properties of tissue. These properties are highly useful for the study of tissue functionality, tissue injury, and tissue pathology due to the fact that they share a direct relationship with tissue structural and compositional characteristics. In this study, integration of the point spectroscopic modality of the system with a surgical microscope was carried out to allow intra-operative use. …
Healing Vs. Non- Healing Hemodynamic Differences In Venous Leg Ulcers, Rebecca Kwasinski, Cristianne Fernandez, Kevin Leiva, Richard Schutzmand, Edwin Robledo
Healing Vs. Non- Healing Hemodynamic Differences In Venous Leg Ulcers, Rebecca Kwasinski, Cristianne Fernandez, Kevin Leiva, Richard Schutzmand, Edwin Robledo
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) account for over 90% of all ulcer cases and it is estimated that ~ 1 in 50 people over the age of 80 are affected. Although the standard for clinical assessment is visual inspection, there is a need to develop a physiological approach that differentiates tissue oxygenation in and around the wound region. Herein, the Optical Imaging Laboratory (OIL) developed a portable, non-contact near-infrared optical scanner (NIROS) for sub-surface imaging of wounds. VLUs were imaged using NIROS on a weekly basis at the University of Miami Wound Care Center and Podiatry Care Partners Clinic. The near …
Improving Prosthetic Fitting For Orthopro Prosthetics: Static Fitting Platform, Lance Petalio, Alejandra Daviglus, Natalie Matos, Christian Castillo, Marco Zamora
Improving Prosthetic Fitting For Orthopro Prosthetics: Static Fitting Platform, Lance Petalio, Alejandra Daviglus, Natalie Matos, Christian Castillo, Marco Zamora
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Lower limb amputations make up about 71% of dysvascular amputations, or amputations caused by problems in the blood vessels. These lower limb amputations are one of two types, transtibial (below the knee) and transfemoral (above the knee). This means that the patient is either wheelchair bound or needs a prosthetic leg. Currently, many prosthetics companies employ the use of a stool or chair to assist in the fitting process for amputees. This though, is both unprofessional and unsafe for patients as they are often unstable and have a tendency to move around, increasing the likelihood of falling and causing further …