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Articles 931 - 960 of 11503
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Study Of Polymer-On-Polymer Cold Spray Deposition Windows Under Apparently Similar Conditions, Ülar Tiitma
Study Of Polymer-On-Polymer Cold Spray Deposition Windows Under Apparently Similar Conditions, Ülar Tiitma
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this thesis is to explore and expand the capabilities of polymer-on-polymer cold spray demonstrated herein using polyamide 6 (PA6)-based powder and substrates. Experiments were conducted using three different cold spray systems described in this work, permitting more in-depth examination of process response to different cold spray process control parameters, such as nominal system pressure and temperature. Two specific responses of interest were the deposition window (DW) and deposition efficiency (DE) of PA6. The DW was determined by performing several sprays at different calculated particle impact velocities and temperatures. The composite result from these experiments was identification of …
Continuum Mechanics Modeling Of High Strain Rate Impact Of Thermoplastic Polymer Particles, Jeeva Muthulingam
Continuum Mechanics Modeling Of High Strain Rate Impact Of Thermoplastic Polymer Particles, Jeeva Muthulingam
Theses and Dissertations
The study of particle impact at high strain rates is crucial in fields ranging from materials science and engineering to space exploration and environmental science. In the particular case of cold spray, a particle undergoes intense plastic deformation upon impact, causing it to adhere to the target substrate. While metallic particles impacting on metallic substrates have been extensively studied, understanding the mechanical characteristics of polymeric particles on polymer and metal substrates requires further research. This study focuses on single particle impact modeling, analyzing impact parameters such as particle size, velocity, and angle of incidence using continuum mechanics finite element modeling …
Understanding The Mechanical And Electrochemical Impacts Of Binder Systems On Silicon Anodes In Lithium-Ion Batteries, Fei Sun
Theses and Dissertations
Silicon has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional graphite as an anode material in battery technology, primarily due to its high theoretical capacity and abundance. However, its application is hindered by significant challenges, including severe volume expansion in the active material (~275%) during cycling, which can lead to a series of electrode failure issues. Polymer binder plays an essential role in addressing these challenges as it accommodates silicon's volume expansion and the rearrangement of particles. This work conducted an analysis of how different binders influence mechanical and electrochemical properties of silicon electrodes. Our findings are supported by a series …
Integration Of Machine Learning In Structural Health Monitoring For Damage Identification And Response Prediction In Bridges, Naga Lakshmi Chittitalli Ravuri
Integration Of Machine Learning In Structural Health Monitoring For Damage Identification And Response Prediction In Bridges, Naga Lakshmi Chittitalli Ravuri
Theses and Dissertations
Machine learning-based structural health monitoring (ML-SHM) plays a pivotal role in enhancing structural resilience. By recognizing potential hazards, implementing resistance measures, facilitating swift recovery, and continuously monitoring structural health, ML-SHM ensures proactive maintenance and minimizes recovery delays post-events. Leveraging machine learning algorithms and sensor data, ML-SHM enables early detection of anomalies, prediction of failures, and adaptive responses, enhancing the structure's ability to withstand and recover from adverse conditions. This integrated approach not only improves the structure's performance and adaptability but also contributes to overall safety and longevity. This thesis presents a comprehensive exploration of structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques for …
Tool Life Characterization In Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding, Ruth Guadalupe Belnap
Tool Life Characterization In Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding, Ruth Guadalupe Belnap
Theses and Dissertations
As light-weighting becomes a priority for the automotive industry, refill friction stir spot welding emerges with enormous potential to supplement or replace conventional spot joining processes. This thesis addresses the limitations of current tooling options by examining materials beyond steel for use in RFSSW. Contained herein is an analysis of weld quality as a function of tool material, a production evaluation of RFSSW using various tool materials, and an assessment of long-term performance of a tungsten carbide tool. Over the course of this research, tungsten carbide emerged as a viable candidate for long-lasting RFSSW tooling.
Investigation Of Process-Structure-Property Relationships In Additively Manufactured Chopped Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites, Indu Modala
Theses and Dissertations
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are widely used in various industries because of their high stiffness-to-weight ratio. However, traditional manufacturing processes restrict the application of FRP composites to the production of parts with simple geometries. With the advent of additive manufacturing (AM), it is possible to produce topologically optimized parts with complex geometries using chopped FRPs. Fully leveraging the advantages of AM in the fabrication of chopped FRP parts requires a thorough understanding of the effect of the process parameters on the microstructure, and subsequently on the mechanical properties of the manufactured part. This research focuses on studying the process-structure-property (P-S-P) …
Characterizing The Potential For Failure In Environment Testing Due To Bolted-Joint Friction Nonlinearity And Bilinearity, Brennen Clark
Characterizing The Potential For Failure In Environment Testing Due To Bolted-Joint Friction Nonlinearity And Bilinearity, Brennen Clark
Theses and Dissertations
Nonlinear behavior in systems complicates the analysis and design of many systems in engineering. In vibration engineering, typical methods such as modal analysis fail or require significant adjustment in the presence of nonlinearity. Understanding and modeling nonlinear behavior is becoming more important in many modern engineering applications. One area that is relatively unexplored is how nonlinearity affects environment testing. This can cover a wide variety of subtopics, but this thesis focuses on failures that can occur in a system which are not predicted by corresponding linearized systems. To further limit the scope of this work, and to provide a context …
Evaluating Computational Predictions Of Magnetic Resonance Acoustic Radiation Force Imaging For Breast Cancer Focused Ultrasound Surgery, Chloe K. Nelson
Evaluating Computational Predictions Of Magnetic Resonance Acoustic Radiation Force Imaging For Breast Cancer Focused Ultrasound Surgery, Chloe K. Nelson
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: In magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) therapies performed in highly heterogeneous tissues such as the breast, the focal location must be located and characterized to guide successful treatments of tumors. Treatment time can be minimized by a priori prediction of the focal location through computational models. The purpose of this work is to evaluate numerical simulations of focused ultrasound (FUS) on their predictions of the focal location. Those simulations are compared to clinical magnetic resonance acoustic radiation force imaging (MR-ARFI) data collected during in vivo treatment of breast tumors. Methods: The focal location was evaluated prior to MRgFUS treatment …
Ocean Rain Detection And Wind Retrieval Through Deep Learning Architectures On Advanced Scatterometer Data, Matthew Yoshinori Otani Mckinney
Ocean Rain Detection And Wind Retrieval Through Deep Learning Architectures On Advanced Scatterometer Data, Matthew Yoshinori Otani Mckinney
Theses and Dissertations
The Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) is a satellite-based remote sensing instrument designed for measuring wind speed and direction over the Earth's oceans. This thesis aims to expand and improve the capabilities of ASCAT by adding rain detection and advancing wind retrieval. Additionally, this expansion to ASCAT serves as evidence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques learning both novel and traditional methods in remote sensing. I apply semantic segmentation to ASCAT measurements to detect rain over the oceans, enhancing capabilities to monitor global precipitation. I use two common neural network architectures and train them on measurements from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) …
Hardware Acceleration Of Numerical Methods For Solving Ordinary Differential Equations, Soham Bhattacharya
Hardware Acceleration Of Numerical Methods For Solving Ordinary Differential Equations, Soham Bhattacharya
Theses and Dissertations
Along with the advancement in technology, the role of hardware accelerators is increasing consistently, delivering advancements in scientific simulations and data analysis in scientific computing, signal processing tasks in communication systems, matrix operations, and neural network computations in artificial intelligence and machine learning models. On the other hand, several high-speed computer applications in this era of high-performance computing often depend on ordinary differential equations (ODEs); however, their nonlinear nature can present a challenge to obtaining analytic solutions. Consequently, numerical approaches prove effective in delivering only approximate solutions to these equations. This research discusses the implementation of a customized hardware accelerator …
Activity Descriptors As Tools For Designing Highly Efficient Electrocatalysts For Water Splitting, Aya Gomaa
Activity Descriptors As Tools For Designing Highly Efficient Electrocatalysts For Water Splitting, Aya Gomaa
Theses and Dissertations
There is an uprising urge to design efficient, active, and durable catalysts to achieve sustainable hydrogen production. The unambiguity of which material should be used pushed the scientific community to devote enormous efforts in exploring different elements with different ratios on trial and error bases. However, the bridge between the theoretical calculation and the experiments introduced a new realm of designing efficient catalysts by introducing the concept of activity descriptors. In the first part of the thesis, the ability to convert waste stainless steel (SS) 316L meshes into highly efficient and durable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is demonstrated. The …
Fast And Accurate Automatic Design Of Spiral Inductors From High-Level Specification, Heba Ismail
Fast And Accurate Automatic Design Of Spiral Inductors From High-Level Specification, Heba Ismail
Theses and Dissertations
Integrated on-chip planar spiral inductors are widely employed in communication circuit blocks and other various electronic devices, thus becoming an essential passive component of RF integrated circuits (RFICs). A common vital spiral inductor design problem is determining the optimum layout parameters of spiral inductors that yield the desired inductance value and achieve highest quality factor at the intended operating frequency. Various approaches tackle this difficulty, but the most prevalent approaches for designing inductors are using an electromagnetic simulator or a library of pre-designed inductors. The latter approach requires an extensive amount of time and computational resources, whereas the former restricts …
Shape Memory Alloy Capsule Micropump For Drug Delivery Applications, Youssef Mohamed Kotb
Shape Memory Alloy Capsule Micropump For Drug Delivery Applications, Youssef Mohamed Kotb
Theses and Dissertations
Implantable drug delivery devices have many benefits over traditional drug administration techniques and have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. By delivering the medication directly to the tissue, they enable the use of larger localized concentrations, enhancing the efficacy of the treatment. Passive-release drug delivery systems, one of the various ways to provide medication, are great inventions. However, they cannot dispense the medication on demand since they are nonprogrammable. Therefore, active actuators are more advantageous in delivery applications. Smart material actuators, however, have greatly increased in popularity for manufacturing wearable and implantable micropumps due to their high energy …
Academic Success In First-Year Engineering Students At Private Higher Education Institutions In Egypt: Key Factors, Wassim Alexan
Academic Success In First-Year Engineering Students At Private Higher Education Institutions In Egypt: Key Factors, Wassim Alexan
Theses and Dissertations
This research aimed to identify the key factors contributing to the success of first-year engineering students at private higher education institutions (HEIs) in Egypt. It specifically examined how various independent variables influence the success of these students, measured as the dependent variable. By analyzing these relationships, the study seeks to pinpoint key success factors (KSFs) for first year engineering students in this specific educational context. The research work employed a mixed methods approach, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The quantitative analysis involved collecting data through a survey administered to a sample of first year engineering students at private …
Navigating The Rules: Integrating Td3 And Sensor Fusion For Traffic-Aware Autonomous Vehicle Path Planning, Mahmoud Ayman Mohamed Elsayed
Navigating The Rules: Integrating Td3 And Sensor Fusion For Traffic-Aware Autonomous Vehicle Path Planning, Mahmoud Ayman Mohamed Elsayed
Theses and Dissertations
This work presents a novel algorithm for local path planning for autonomous vehicles (AVs) which prioritizes both safety and adherence to traffic regulations, addressing critical functions for AV navigation, such as navigating complex environments, avoiding obstacles, and ensuring passenger and road users safety. The algorithm integrates the Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3) with sensor fusion based on Nvidia Convolutional Neural Network (NCNN). The study utilizes the CARLA simulator, and real-world datasets, including KITTI and WAYMO, to train and evaluate the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm leverages the complementary strengths of Imitation Learning (IL) and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) …
Federated Learning Based Autoencoder Ensemble System For Malware Detection On Internet Of Things Devices, Steven Edward Arroyo
Federated Learning Based Autoencoder Ensemble System For Malware Detection On Internet Of Things Devices, Steven Edward Arroyo
Theses and Dissertations
New technologies are being introduced at a rate faster than ever before and smaller in size. Due to the size of these devices, security is often difficult to implement. The existing solution is a firewall-segmented “IoT Network” that only limits the effect of these infected devices on other parts of the network. We propose a lightweight unsupervised hybrid-cloud ensemble anomaly detection system for malware detection. We perform transfer learning using a generalized model trained on multiple IoT device sources to learn network traffic on new devices with minimal computational resources. We further extend our proposed system to utilize federated learning …
Assessment For Sustainable Transportation Systems In Egypt, Hagar Mohamed Fares
Assessment For Sustainable Transportation Systems In Egypt, Hagar Mohamed Fares
Theses and Dissertations
The assessment of a sustainable transportation system poses a significant challenge for local governments, as it dramatically influences the promotion of environmentally friendly modes of transportation with the objective of safeguarding the public's welfare and health in their daily activities. The integration of such assessment should be implemented from the initial stages of system planning to its operational and maintenance phases, particularly in light of the increasing number of urban development activities nationwide. In order to facilitate decision-making processes, it is imperative to establish an efficient rating system that incorporates cultural and social constraints and comprehensively considers the three dimensions …
Physical Effects On The Worst-Case Delay Analysis And Signal Integrity Of Buses And Spirals, Mahmoud Mahany
Physical Effects On The Worst-Case Delay Analysis And Signal Integrity Of Buses And Spirals, Mahmoud Mahany
Theses and Dissertations
Physical effects have a significant impact on the IC design which will be investigated in this thesis. Moving toward advanced technology nodes, magnetic effects become more dominant than capacitive effects. As the dimensions of the devices go down and the interconnect manipulates the circuit behavior more and more. Cross talking and voltage drops are affecting the design heavily, however - going to the full electromagnetic point of view - current return path (CRP) adds significant parasitics to the performance of the chip. Neglecting the CRP gives wrong intuition and simulation of the designs, especially that the environment and surroundings can …
A Machine Learning Framework For Predicting Fabrication Hours For Industrial Steel Structure Projects, Dalia Ibrahim
A Machine Learning Framework For Predicting Fabrication Hours For Industrial Steel Structure Projects, Dalia Ibrahim
Theses and Dissertations
Construction projects are considered high risk projects especially due to their required large capital making them require extreme attention in estimation as overestimating a project will lead to losing bids and underestimating them will lead to incurring more costs than budgeted resulting in losses. However, estimators are often faced with very tight timelines to finish their estimates leading them to primarily rely on their experience disregarding some crucial factors resulting in inaccurate estimates. In the steel structures industry, the steel fabrication phase accounts for 30 to 40% of the overall project cost; in addition, the steel industry is labor driven; …
Transforming Orthopedic Surgery: Autonomous Image-Guided Techniques For Femur Fracture Robotic Surgery, Marzieh Sadat Saeedi-Hosseiny
Transforming Orthopedic Surgery: Autonomous Image-Guided Techniques For Femur Fracture Robotic Surgery, Marzieh Sadat Saeedi-Hosseiny
Theses and Dissertations
Long-bone fractures, particularly femur fractures, are prevalent and necessitate surgical intervention due to traumatic forces. Manual reduction procedures pose challenges, including excessive traction forces and reliance on limited X-ray imaging, resulting in malalignment-related complications and repeated surgeries. Current methods for femur fracture reduction are prone to inaccuracies, prolonged surgical times, and postoperative complications. This research introduces image-guided methods to automate a surgical robotic system, Robossis, to enhance femur alignment accuracy, reduce procedure times, and improve patient outcomes. To address these challenges, a marker-based approach utilizing a few X-ray images is developed to detect the spatial relative position of the femur …
Design And Fabrication Of Passive Microfluidic Devices For Enhancing Membrane-Based Biosensors, Tanner N. Wells
Design And Fabrication Of Passive Microfluidic Devices For Enhancing Membrane-Based Biosensors, Tanner N. Wells
Theses and Dissertations
Microfluidic devices and systems have demonstrated wide applicability in sample processing and analysis. The ability to integrate sample processing and analysis into a single platform is a key benefit of microfluidic technologies. This dissertation describes the design and fabrication two types of microfluidic devices developed to enhance membrane-based biosensors. First is a device for collecting particles into a highly confined region, locally enhancing their concentration. Second is a device for size-based particle separation capable of separating differently sized particles into separate streams. Both types of devices are fabricated with a thin top layer, providing a platform for synthetic membrane-based technologies. …
The Design, Prototyping, And Validation Of A New Wearable Sensor System For Monitoring Lumbar Spinal Motion In Daily Activities, Brianna Bischoff
The Design, Prototyping, And Validation Of A New Wearable Sensor System For Monitoring Lumbar Spinal Motion In Daily Activities, Brianna Bischoff
Theses and Dissertations
Lower back pain is a widespread problem affecting millions worldwide, because understanding its development and effective treatment remains challenging. Current treatment success is often evaluated using patient-reported outcomes, which tend to be qualitative and subjective in nature, making objective success measurement difficult. Wearable sensors can provide quantitative measurements, thereby helping physicians improve care for countless individuals around the world. These sensors also have the potential to provide longitudinal data on daily motion patterns, aiding in monitoring the progress of treatment plans for lower back pain. In this work it was hypothesized that a new wearable sensor garment that makes use …
Manipulating Colloidal Particles Using Chemical Gradients And Top-Down Control, Mark Nichols Mcdonald
Manipulating Colloidal Particles Using Chemical Gradients And Top-Down Control, Mark Nichols Mcdonald
Theses and Dissertations
Colloidal particles provide the ideal building blocks for the next generation of microdevices, such as advanced sensors and precision drug delivery systems. However, many such applications require the use of top-down (i.e. humanly controllable) forces to manipulate colloidal particles with single-particle precision, and current methods can only achieve such precision for small numbers of particles at a time. To address this challenge, we propose using chemical forces in combination with existing top-down techniques to enable the control of larger numbers of particles simultaneously. Controlling colloids using chemical reactions is a novel technique not typically utilized. Due to its distinct difference …
Infrared Light-Based Data Association And Pose Estimation For Aircraft Landing In Urban Environments, David Akagi
Infrared Light-Based Data Association And Pose Estimation For Aircraft Landing In Urban Environments, David Akagi
Theses and Dissertations
In this thesis we explore an infrared light-based approach to the problem of pose estimation during aircraft landing in urban environments where GPS is unreliable or unavailable. We introduce a novel fiducial constellation composed of sparse infrared lights that incorporates projective invariant properties in its design to allow for robust recognition and association from arbitrary camera perspectives. We propose a pose estimation pipeline capable of producing high accuracy pose measurements at real-time rates from monocular infrared camera views of the fiducial constellation, and present as part of that pipeline a data association method that is able to robustly identify and …
Feasibility Of Parallelized Measurement Of Local Thermal Properties, Alexander J. Hansen
Feasibility Of Parallelized Measurement Of Local Thermal Properties, Alexander J. Hansen
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis documents research done in the development and the exploration of feasibility for a high-throughput method to measure local thermal properties. The present capabilities in the measurement of local thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and Kapitza resistance are very inefficient and impractical to fully understand and characterize heat transport through certain materials and features. This work follows up on past work in local thermal property measurement via the spatial domain thermoreflectance (SDTR) method, and explores the possibility of parallelizing the process. The parallelized SDTR (P-SDTR) method involves using laser projector sources to periodically heat and measure …
Design Of Precision Deployable Origami-Based Space Arrays, Clark Thomas Roubicek
Design Of Precision Deployable Origami-Based Space Arrays, Clark Thomas Roubicek
Theses and Dissertations
Deployable origami-based arrays can offer many benefits for a wide variety of engineering applications because of their ability to stow compactly and deploy to a large area. These types of arrays have been demonstrated for use in solar arrays, heat shields, and more; however, they have yet to be shown in high precision applications such as telescopes. The biggest roadblock to using origami in high precision arrays is align- ment in the deployed state; in optical systems, local (single panel) and global (entire array) misalignment can drastically reduce performance. Precision positioning of origami-based arrays can be a challenge because of …
Performance Evaluation Of A Novel Dual-Bed Gasification Reactor For The Production Of Green Energy, Ogooluwa Philip Ojo
Performance Evaluation Of A Novel Dual-Bed Gasification Reactor For The Production Of Green Energy, Ogooluwa Philip Ojo
Theses and Dissertations
The need to maximize current energy sources and create new ones has increased due to the world's growing energy demand and the depletion of major energy sources. Biomass and solid waste, such as wood, sawdust, plant wastes, paper, cardboard, and plastics, present promising carbon-neutral alternatives, collectively accounting for over 10% of global energy generation. The concept of integrating fixed and fluidized bed reactors in industrial applications needs additional research to ascertain the optimal configuration and interplay between these reactor types. Hence this research focuses on the utilization of a unique hybrid modular gasification system that combines fixed and fluidized bed …
Using Discrete-Event Simulation To Balance Staff Allocation And Patient Flow Between Clinic And Surgery In A Pediatric Hospital Setting, John Forbus
Theses and Dissertations
We review the problem of a system-level balanced scheduling scenario. A hospital clinic has a queue for patients needing care. After being seen in clinic, many require follow-up surgery, for which they also wait in a queue. The rate-limiting factor is physician availability for both clinic visits and surgical cases. Much existing work has been done to optimize clinic appointments, as well as to optimize surgical appointments. This novel approach models the entire patient journey at the system level, through both clinic and surgery, to optimize the total patient experience. A discrete-event simulation model of the system is built based …
Mathematical Modeling And Understanding The Physiological Mechanisms Of Vibration On Wound Healing And Scar Remodeling, Devin Rion Needs
Mathematical Modeling And Understanding The Physiological Mechanisms Of Vibration On Wound Healing And Scar Remodeling, Devin Rion Needs
Theses and Dissertations
Chronic wounds and pathological scars reduce the quality of life for millions of people worldwide. Through mathematical modeling and clinical testing, understanding of how these conditions occur continues to increase. These tools have also been employed to investigate the efficacy of treatments that could impact wound healing and scar remodeling. The purpose of this work is to investigate the physiological effects of vibration treatment on wound healing, blood flow, and scar remodeling through mathematical modeling and experimental testing. This work presents and validates a mathematical murine model for whole body vibration enhanced wound healing (VEWH). This VEWH model builds on …
Control, Localization, And Shock Optimization Of Icosahedral Tensegrity Systems, Brett Layer
Control, Localization, And Shock Optimization Of Icosahedral Tensegrity Systems, Brett Layer
Theses and Dissertations
Exploring the design space of tensegrity systems is the basis of the work presented in this thesis. The areas explored as part of this research include the optimization of tensegrity structures to minimize the size of a tensegrity structure given payload shock constraints, and the control and locomotion of an icosahedral tensegrity system using movable masses and using an accelerometer in conjunction with leveraging geometrical knowledge of an icosahedral tensegrity system to localize the system after the system moves. In the optimization design space, a simplified model was created to represent an icosahedral tensegrity structure. This was done by assuming …