Engineering Commons^™

Design, Construction And Characterization Of A Wind Tunnel, Chang Ge

Theses

The wind tunnel is the most fundamental test equipment for aircraft testing and studying aerodynamics. Because of the complexity of the test-subject's geometry, it is difficult to study the aerodynamic pattern simply based on theoretical calculations. Most of the aerodynamics experiments still use wind tunnels. The progress of the wind tunnel is highly related to the advancements in air crafts. Aircraft manufacturing has pushed the wind tunnel technology forward. Wind tunnels can be categorized by the wind speed limit differences, which are controlled by the mechanism of the driving methods, structure applications, etc. In this case, we built a small …

Structural Health Monitoring Of Bridges Using Wireless Sensor Networks, Seyed Behrad Ghazi Sharyatpanahi

Theses

Structural Health Monitoring, damage detection and localization of bridges using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are studied in this thesis. The continuous monitoring of bridges to detect damage is a very useful tools for preventing unnecessary costly and emergent maintenance. The optimal design aims to maximize the lifetime of the system, the accuracy of the sensed data, and the system reliability, and to minimize the system cost and complexity

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is carried out using LUSAS Bridge Plus software to determine sensor locations and measurement types and effectively minimize the number of sensors, data for transmission, and volume of …

Development Of A Finite Element Method For Light Activated Polymers, Craig Hamel

Theses

Traditional Shape Memory Polymers (SMPs) belong to a class of smart materials which have shown promise for a wide range of applications. They are characterized by their ability to maintain a temporary deformed shape and return to an original parent permanent shape. The first SMPs developed responded to changes in temperature by exploiting the difference in modulus and chain mobility through the glass transition temperature. However, in recent years, new SMPs have been developed that respond to other stimuli besides temperature; these can include electricity, magnetism, changes in chemical concentration, and even light.

In this thesis, we consider the photo-mechanical …

Simulation Of Electronic And Optical Properties Of Graphene, Biao Leng

Theses

Graphene is a recently discovered two-dimensional crystal. Due to its excellent electronic properties, transport properties, optical properties, and many other features, it has tremendous potential for applications in many areas. This thesis discusses the structure and properties of graphene using several different models of graphene and carries out detailed theoretical studies and calculations of its electronic and optical properties. Using two modules of Materials Studio, CASTAP and Doml3, four graphene models have been constructed. Their electronic and optical properties have also been calculated via these two modules. By comparing the results of calculations with experimental results and the literature, the …

Differentiation Of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Into Insulin-Producing Cells: Optimization To Enhance The Overall Differentiation Efficiency, Xiaotang Ma

Theses

Embryonic stem cells have the potential to differentiate into multiple cell types including insulin-producing cells (IPCs), which is becoming one of the promising cell sources for treating type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, in order to achieve functional stem cell-derived cells, it is important to generate more mature IPCs and to keep long-term viability post differentiation process. In this study, we varied several factors including different embryonic body culture conditions, digested cells seeding density and various coatings required for differentiation to optimize a previously established protocol to enhance the overall differentiation efficiency. Moreover, a three-dimensional in vitro collagen tissue culture system …

Thermal Properties Of Graphene, Vishal Vijay Nakhate

Theses

The two-dimensional (2D) monolayer structure of carbon atoms were initially considered as unstable. The 2D materials have recently been discovered and many researchers have started analyzing these materials. Graphene, a two-dimensional allotrope of graphite with sp2 bonded carbon atoms, is arranged in honeycomb structure. Graphene has excellent thermal conductivity and can be considered as a potential material for applications in the electronics industry where heating of materials is a serious concern.

In this study, thermal properties of p and n doped graphene nanosheets and nanoribbons are studied as function of percentage composition of the dopants and the direction of dissipation …

Tendon Reflex Protocol For Exploring The Mechanisms Associated With Whole Body Vibration, Ikechukwu Okeke

Theses

Whole body vibration (WBV) machines have in recent years been widely used as rehabilitation equipment. Whole body vibration has been shown to have positive effects on muscle response. Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopmental condition that includes a group of non-progressive, but often changing, motor impairment syndromes arising in the early stages of human development. The aim of this project was to design a protocol and related instruments to assess the tendon reflex in response to WBV. Both a press pedal used for measuring the force exerted by the foot and a hammer used for measuring the stimulating force were …

Behavior Of Deformed Dermal Fibroblasts Seeded On A Silicon Membrane Under High Levels Of Strain, Laura Osorno

Theses

The main objective of this thesis is to understand, from a molecular perspective, the morphological and functional abnormalities of human dermal fibroblasts as a response to deformation produced by a normal force that can lead to the potential formation of stretch marks in pregnant women, adolescents, and people with Cushing's syndrome. The main function of dermal fibroblasts is to produce the essential fibrous components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the skin.

In order to study the mechanism of stretch mark formation, neonatal human dermal fibroblasts were seeded on a silicon membrane for controlled deformation. Upon reaching a confluence of …

Review Of Steganalysis Of Digital Images, Xinlei Pan

Theses

Steganography is the science and art of embedding hidden messages into cover multimedia such as text, image, audio and video. Steganalysis is the counterpart of steganography, which wants to identify if there is data hidden inside a digital medium. In this study, some specific steganographic schemes such as HUGO and LSB are studied and the steganalytic schemes developed to steganalyze the hidden message are studied. Furthermore, some new approaches such as deep learning and game theory, which have seldom been utilized in steganalysis before, are studied. In the rest of thesis study some steganalytic schemes using textural features including the …

Processing And Characterization Of Graphene And Graphene On Silicon, Cheng Peng

Theses

Graphene has become a promising material for applications in many areas including electronic devices, batteries and space crafts. Although it has a bright future, the commercial production of graphene has not yet been realized. In this thesis, an overview of the properties and applications of graphene is presented. The early research of preparing graphene and its composites is summarized, which gives the basis to synthesize graphene and improve the process. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) and graphene have been successfully made using graphite; graphene layer has been coated on the surface of a silicon wafer. The resulting specimens are …

Design, Construction And Characterization Ofa Magnetic Augmented Rotation System (Mars) Based Wind Turbine, Da Li

Theses

Magnetic Augmented Rotation System (MARS) works by magnetic field coupling, to transfer torque from the driver to the rotor without contact. This characteristic has significant applications to the wind turbine but research in combination of MARS and wind turbine has not been done in the literature. In this thesis, a small-scale wind turbine is designed, built and characterized in a prototype wind tunnel. The test results are analyzed and computer-aided software simulation is used as an auxiliary method to understand the mechanism of MARS. The power coefficient of this new wind turbine is estimated to be about 40%. The “gear …

Optical Properties Of Black Silicon - An Analysis, Suramya Sekhri

Theses

Silicon is the preeminent solar cell material of the day because it is the first semiconductor that was learned to commercialize and continues to be the principal semiconducting material used in photovoltaic technology for the manufacture of solar cells. Silicon, an indirect band gap semiconducting material, has a reflectance of about 30% in the visible range of wavelengths. Standard Silicon solar cells are not entirely useful in the infrared spectrum region. In order to enhance the performance of Silicon solar cells, reflectance losses must be minimized and absorption must be maximized. In the solar cell industry, anti-reflection (AR) coating is …

Experimental Determination Of The Agitation Requirements For Solids Suspension In Dissolution Systems Using A Mini Paddle Apparatus, Yang Song

Theses

Dissolution testing is a critical step in quality control of manufactured final products in the pharmaceutical industry. The United State Pharmacopeia (USP) Dissolution Testing Apparatus 2 (paddle) is the most widely used dissolution test devices in the pharmaceutical industry to formulate solid drug dosage forms and to develop quality control specifications for its manufacturing process.

Mini vessels and mini paddle dissolution testing systems are smaller versions of the USP 2 Apparatus. The concept of the mini paddle apparatus is similar to that of the USP 2 setup but it is scaled down about to 1/5 of the volume and 40% …

Effect Of Impeller Submergence On Power Dissipation And Solids Suspension In Mixing Systems Equipped With Pitch-Blade Turbines, Yufeng Song

Theses

Mixing and dispersion of solids in a liquid is a process frequently encountered in the pharmaceutical industry and often conducted in cylindrical baffled tanks stirred by mechanical impellers. In operations where the liquid level is decreased (as often which emptying the tank) the process must be stopped when the solids are no longer suspended. In this work, the minimum agitation to suspend solids (Njs) when the liquid level was lowered, and the impeller submergence S_b changed as a result were determined for the case of a six-blade, pitch-blade turbine (6-PBT) impeller. The power consumed by the impeller …

Bio-Medicinal Application For Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Of Metals, Zunjian Yang

Theses

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), a novel method for forming ceramic coatings on metals, has been researched extensively in recent times. By applying high voltage between dielectric thin films, a plasma micro-arc is induced through penetration of breakdown in film boiling layer. Such a method takes advantage of high processing time, low equipment requirement and advanced coating performance.

Titanium alloys, Ti-6Al-4V and pure Titanium Grade 2, are two of most common Titanium alloys in daily use. Both of such Titanium alloys show great potential utilization in bio-medicinal application, especially in implants, for its excellent biocompatibility, high tensile strength, and high elastic …

Potential Of Greywater Reuse And Its Effects On Potable Water Demand Management And Downstream Sewer Network, Muhammad Ashfaque Rajput Abdul Hameed

Theses

The UAE’s water demand is rapidly increasing because of population growth, infrastructure development, expansion of agricultural practices, and desert greening policies. These circumstances force the country to depend on expansive desalinated water and made the country the second-largest desalination water producer in the world. It is essential to reduce the current water consumption rates by using efficient methods and conservation techniques. Greywater reuse is an effective and promising alternative to cope with this challenge. The study aimed to reduce water consumption in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi by investigating the potential of greywater reuse. A field survey was carried out …

Formal Specification And Refinement Of The Navigation Tasks Of Autonomous Robots, Eman Rabiah

Theses

Autonomous robots are hybrid systems whose role in our daily life is becoming increasingly critical. They are tasked with various activities requiring reliability, safety, and correctness of their software-controlled behavior. Formal methods have been proved effective in addressing development issues associated with these software qualities. However, even though autonomous robot navigation is a primordial function, there is no research dealing with enhancing reliability of the navigation algorithms. Thus, our focus is to investigate this type of algorithms, and specifically path planning, a fundamental and critical functionality supporting autonomy. We formally address the issue of enhancing reliability of the widely-used A* …

Preparation And Characterization Of Copper-Doped And Silver-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nano-Catalysts For Photo Catalytic Applications, Haya Abdel Ra’Ouf Ahmed Ra’Ouf Ahmed

Theses

The goal of this work was to improve the performance of TiO2 nanomaterials by increasing their optical activities by shifting the onset of the response from the UV to the visible-light region. Among the several ways to achieve this goal, doping TiO2 nanomaterials with other elements (e.g. metals) was selected to narrow the band gap and enhance the optical properties of TiO2 nanomaterials. In this work, we have prepared Cu-doped TiO2 and Ag-doped TiO2 nano-catalysts, characterized them and studied their properties, and the optical ones in particular. The Ag-doped TiO2 catalyst was prepared by the sol-gel method while the Cu-doped …

Capacity Models For Multilane Roundabouts And Their Evaluation Using Microscopic Simulation Models, Mohamad A. Shrayteh

Theses

Compared to previous versions of the manual, the Highway Capacity Manual 2010 has provided more comprehensive capacity models for single and multilane roundabouts. The Highway Capacity Manual 2010 multilane roundabout capacity models are limited to two-by-two lanes, that is, two entry lanes and two circulating lanes. These capacity models are not valid for the three-by-three–lane roundabouts (three entry lanes and three circulating lanes) due to different traffic flow characteristics and features. This limitation of the Highway Capacity Manual 2010 model is also clearly mentioned in the manual. In this research, capacity models and curves were developed for three-by-three–lane roundabouts. More …

Structural Response Of Flexure-Deficient Reinforced Concrete Continuous Slabs Strengthened With Composites, Jwan Ahmad Al Khalil

Theses

Accidental reduction in the amount of steel in continuous reinforced concrete (RC) floor slabs is a typical problem that might occur due to an error in design, unclear drawings, or overlooked verification of reinforcement prior to concrete casting. Existence of such deficiencies would compromise the load capacity and serviceability of RC floor slabs. This research examines the effectiveness of using fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) to improve the structural response of flexure-deficient continuous RC slab strips. The study comprised experimental testing and finite element (FE) modeling. Sixteen two-span RC slab strips, 400 x 125 x 3800 mm each, were tested. Test parameters …

Preparation And Characterization Of Copper-Doped And Silver-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nano-Catalysts For Photocatalytic Applications, Haya Abdel Ra'ouf Ahmed

Theses

The goal of this work was to improve the performance of TiO₂ nanomaterials by increasing their optical activities by shifting the onset of the response from the UV to the visible-light region. Among the several ways to achieve this goal, doping TiO₂ nanomaterials with other elements (e.g. metals) was selected to narrow the band gap and enhance the optical properties of TiO₂ nanomaterials. In this work, we have prepared Cu-doped TiO₂ nano-catalysts, characterized them and studied their properties, and the optical ones in particular. The Ag-doped TiO₂ catalyst was prepared by the sol-gel method while …

Potential Of Greywater Reuse And Its Effects On Potable Water Demand Management And Downstream Sewer Network, Muhammad Ashfaque Rajput Abdul Hameed

Theses

The UAE’s water demand is rapidly increasing because of population growth, infrastructure development, expansion of agricultural practices and for the desert greening policies. These circumstances force the country to depend on expansive desalinated water and made the country second largest desalination water producer in the world. It is essential to reduce the current water consumption rates by using efficient methods and conservation techniques. Greywater reuse is an effective and promising alternate to cope with this challenge. The study aimed to reduce the water consumption in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi by investigating the potential of greywater reuse. A field survey …

Reality Mining Techniques Applied To Telecommunication Data, Sunil Maharjan

Theses

In this thesis, the application of Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) techniques are examined in order to further develop and improve the field of Reality Mining. Reality Mining refers to the collection of machine sensed environmental data, from which, it is hoped future human social behaviour can be predicted. Large datasets for Reality Mining study have been generated by recording the patterns of human activity and social interactions over an extended period of time. Reality Mining techniques can provide information on important social clues for the better understanding of how humans live their lives. This information can then be used to help …

Spectrum Sharing In Cognitive Radio Networks With Quality Of Service Awareness, Nadir Hussin Sulieman Adam

Theses

The goal of this thesis is to study performance of cognitive radio networks in terms of total spectrum utilization and throughput of secondary networks under perfect and imperfect sensing for Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and fading channels. The effect of imperfect sensing was studied by applying non-collaborative and collaborative sensing techniques using energy detecting and square law combining techniques, respectively. Spectrum allocation for heterogeneous networks in cognitive radio networks was discussed and a new sharing algorithm that guarantee Quality of Service (QoS) for different secondary users’ applications was proposed. The throughput degradation of secondary users due to the activities …

Optimization Of A Combined Approach For The Treatment Of Desalination Reject Brine And Capture Of Co₂, Ameera Fares Mohammad

Theses

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the most widespread greenhouse gas that traps heat and raises the global temperature, contributing to climate change. Existing techniques to sequester carbon dioxide have numerous environmental concerns and usually require an extensive amount of energy. New technologies and methods, such as reactions with desalination reject brine according to the Solvay process, offer new hope for the reduction of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. Brine management is another environmental concern, as many desalination plants need to find suitable approaches for the treatment or disposal of the large amounts of concentrated brine, resulting from the desalination processes. …

Assessment Of Multi-Story Building Seismic Design Factors With Structural Irregularity, El Sayed Abdel Naby Abdel Aziz Abou Khalifa

Theses

Many high-rise buildings are practically irregular as a result of the architectural and service requirements in the design process, errors and modifications during the construction phase, and changes of the building use throughout its service life. Structural irregularities could increase the uncertainties related to the ability of the building to meet the design objectives. This study is thus devoted to assess the safety margins and calibrate the seismic design response factors of modern high-rise buildings with different vertical irregularity features. A brief survey of the most common vertical irregularities in reinforced concrete multi-story buildings is conducted to select reference structures. …

Assessment Of Multi-Story Building Seismic Design Factors With Structural Irregularity, El Sayed Abdel Naby Abdel Aziz Abou Khalifa

Theses

Many high-rise buildings are practically irregular as a result of the architectural and service requirements in the design process, errors and modification during the construction phase, and changes of the building use throughout its service life. Structural irregularities could increase the uncertainties related to the ability of the building to meet the design objectives. This study is thus devoted to assess the safety margins and calibrate the seismic design response factors of modern high-rise buildings with different vertical irregularity features. A brief survey of the most common vertical irregularities inn reinforced concrete multi-story buildings is conducted to select reference structures. …

Fem Of Electrospinning Compared To Inkjet Printing Model, Maikel Ghaly

Theses

Electrospinning is a process that uses electrostatic forces to produce nanofibers, or fibers in the nano scale. Nanofibers are widely used in many fields like drug delivery and tissue engineering. Nowadays, it is gaining much attention in the research community as an advantageous process. However, there are many parameters that controlnanofiber formation. This research intends to develop a model of electrospinning on the basis of an inkjet printer technique by using a computer aided simulation (COMSOL). Inkjet printing is a technique that delivers small volumes at high repetitions which can betransported by electrostatic forces through the air onto their intended …

An Electrospinning Apparatus For The Production Of Heterogeneous Scaffolds And Their Application In Cartilage Regeneration, Andrew Ryan Hollingsworth

Theses

The human body contains a vast array of soft and hard tissues, each with their own unique set of physical, chemical, mechanical, and electrical properties. It is the combination of these tissues that allows the human body to function as it does. However, these tissues are subject to wear, fatigue, and injury and thus can potentially limit the functions of the body. Therefore, tissue engineering has sought various natural and synthetic materials that can be used for fabrication of cellular scaffolds that have the ability to promote cellular attachment, proliferation, differentiation, and eventual whole tissue formation for replacement and repair …

Assessment Of Flood Protection Strategies For Combined Critical Infrastructure Failure And Hurricane/Storm Surge Events In The Meadowlands Area, Nisharg Dipakkumar Dalwadi

Theses

As a result of a wide-reaching comprehensive post-Sandy NJIT project entitled "Flood Mitigation Engineering Resource Center (FMERC)", a detailed investigation of alternative measures for flood mitigation in the Meadowlands area was completed in June 2014. The project involved the assessment of flood impacts, and the evaluation of a range of structural and non-structural capital improvement measures, maintenance, operations and regulatory measures, and broad system design and redundancy measures.

The basic objective of this thesis is to develop an innovative procedure for the enumeration and simulation of probability-weighted combined events, e.g., Oradell dam failure under various scenarios (sunny day, water level, …