Engineering Commons^™

Stress Analysis Of A Pressure Vessel By The Finite Element Method, Hsin-Te Liao

Theses

The objective of this paper is to take a finite element program, called ANSYS, to analyze the surface stress distribution of a thin-wall pressure vessel with a spherical head.

The computer program ANSYS, which primarily applies the principle of virtual work in solid continuum, has been used to solve shell problems with quadrilateral element. Problems solved are: <1> hoop stress <2> meridional stress (<)3) maximum shear stress.

In this paper, the theoretical finite element formulation of axisymmetric elasticity of the ANSYS program is presented.

Finally, some numerical examples of shells with spherical heads of various radius are given. The solution obtained from ANSYS is very …

Discontinuity Stresses Analysis In Pressure Vessel, Jan-Joo Liu

Theses

In this paper, the ANSYS general purpose finite element computer aided design program was used to perform a series of stress analyses for shells with heads of various shapes.

The analysis included maximum discontinuity stresses, stress contours and displacements induced in axisymmetrical shells subjected to internal pressure loading; especially at the junction of the cylinder and heads of various shapes.

CONICAL SHELL finite elements and TWO-DIMENSIONAL ISOPARAMETRIC finite elements were used in the analysis. The results of the analyses compared very favorably with solutions derived from membrane and bending theory solutions for pressure vessels.

The effect of longitudinal and hoop …

Linearization Accuracy In Probabilistic Load Flow, Guan-Zhong Liang

Theses

This paper presents a linear load flow method which can be used for probabilistic load flow analysis. The method is based on least-square estimation. To estimate its accuracy in linear load flow calculations, the method and a previously developed linear load flow method are applied to a typical power system and the results evaluated. Comparable accuracy is noted.

An Analysis Of Minimum Shift Keying From The Viewpoints Of Quadrature Multiplexed And Multi-H Continuous Phase Modulation Signaling, Alfred Anthony De Seta

Theses

Minimum Shift Keying (MSK) is a bandwidth efficient modulation scheme which offers superior performance over Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (OQPSK). This paper discusses these modulation techniques from a quadrature multiplexed signaling viewpoint and compares them in terms of error performance, bandwidth properties and bandlimiting and hardlimiting effects. MSK is also considered as a special case of a multi-h Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) signal and the Viterbi algorithm is presented as an optimal detection scheme for this class of signals. A computer simulation is performed with the VA as the detection mechanism for an …

Reliability Study Of Liquid Crystal Display, Kalpesh Mahendra Desai

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to study the reliability of liquid crystal display under different temperature conditions. To accomplish this, accelerated life testing was done on the soft glass and the hard glass liquid crystal display units at 77 C and 85 C temperature without any added humidity or voltage.

As the current is a usefu1 indicator for probable wear of liquid crystal display, leakage current was measured at 0 hour, 1000 hours, 2000 hours and 3000 hours when the units have stabilized at room temperature.

The date shows higher spread for the hard glass units. This may indicate …

A Study Of Hazardous Wastes Generated In New Jersey With Regard To The Siting Of Waste Disposal Facilities In The State, Shreerang Narayan Dharasker

Theses

The effective treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes is one of the most urgent problems facing the State of New Jersey today. New Jersey is the most densely populated state and is a leader in industry. Nearly every major industry in the nation is represented by one or many production units all of which generate copious amounts of hazardous and toxic wastes each year. Although the state has the toughest rules and regulations on the management of hazardous waste, there are very few options exercised or facilities cited for the effective treatment and disposal of wastes within the state boundaries. …

The Effect Of Toxic Substances On The Index Properties Of Soils, Ronald Dicola

Theses

Contaminated soils were tested to determine if a relationship existed between their index properties and hydraulic conductivity. Atterberg Limit tests and Particle Size Analysis tests were performed on Woodbury, Raritan and Brunswick formation soils. The chemicals examined were Benzene, Phenol and Trichloroethylene (TCE). Tests were performed following the ASTM Standard Test Methods with only slight modification to accommodate the use of contaminated soils. Two different methods of soil contamination were used, one for chemical solutions and the other for pure chemicals.

Particle Size Analysis tests were performed both with and without dispersing agent. Hydrometer tests with dispersing agent resulted in …

Cybernetic Theory Applied In Production Control, Ding-Hsin Fang

Theses

There are many theories for the control of production. Also. there are many successful cases for each of the different theories.

Cybernetic theory is quickly evolving as a design basis for management control systems. Cybernetics is the science of self-regulation and its basic tenents are control, or the ability to direct action toward a predetermined goal, and communication, or the ability to send and receive information.

The objective of this thesis is to identify and discuss this theory applied to the management techniques of production control for a Far Eastern textile firm and to investigate the extent that the firm …

A Computer Aided Manufacturing System For Small Quantity Prototype Board Production, Santiago Garcia-Perez

Theses

A matrix addressed manufacturing tool has been built, tested, and integrated in a system aimed to exploit wire-wrap wiring technology for protoboard production in small quantities. Extensive software exploits the power and economy of the personal computer as a superb manufacturing tool and documentation system. Computer graphics are used as a visual aid that takes advantage of the cognitive capabilities of the human mind and eliminates the boredom and high costs involved with heavy automation achieving instead a tolerable level of human engagement with significantly increased efficiency. The approach presented is new and delivers substantial gains in productivity. The software …

Preparation And Kinetic Study Of Immobilized Enzyme Catalyst, Sanjiv S. Kuray

Theses

Degradation of commercially available immobilized Glucose Isomerase enzyme was studied in a batch reactor. Effect of shearing on the degradation was studied by comparing the performance of a basket type reactor ( with enzyme kept inside the stirrer) and ordinary batch reactor ( with enzyme kept outside the stirrer).

Invertase enzyme is available commercially in a free soluble form. It was coupled with a new kind of starch derivative. The coupling efficiency achieved was 8.7 % and the concentration of the immobilized enzyme was 718 U invertase per gram of starch. The deactivation of enzyme-starch gel was studied in a …

The Separation Of Proteins Via Charged Electromembrane Process, Chi-Wen Lin

Theses

A new method for separation and concentration of protein and other biocolloids such as hemoglobin and albumin was developed by a process called the charged electromembrane (CEM) process. The process is characterized by using a metallic membrane as a filter which can carry either positive or negative electric current.

The effect of various factors on the separation coefficient and filtration efficiency were investigated experimentally. These factors include strength of electric field, pH of colloidal solution, electric current through membrane filter and flow rate.

It was found out that the thickness of the gel layer formed on the membrane could be …

The Conversion Of The Process Flowsheet Simulator, Flowtran, For Fortran 66 Based Mainframe Computers, Timothy Edward Roche

Theses

The process flowsheet simulator FLOWTRAN was converted from FORTRAN 77 code to FORTRAN 66 code. The conversion was accomplished by developing a number of subprograms to handle FORTRAN 77 intrinsic functions that are missing in the FORTRAN 66 standard and by altering the code to take advantage of the developed subprograms. Also developed were a set of procedure files for executing the FORTRAN 66 FLOWTRAN on a Sperry-Univac 90/80-4. The new FLOWTRAN was tested and performs identically to the FORTRAN 77 version. The FORTRAN 66 FLOWTRAN can be installed on any mainframe computer with a FORTRAN 66 compiler.

The Effects Of Platelet Activating Factor (Paf) On The Arteriolar Average Blood Velocity And Volumetric Flowrate In The Microcirculation Of The Hamster Cheek Pouch, Patricia Ann Shatynski

Theses

The effects of platelet activating factor (PAF) in vessel diameter, average red blood cell (RBC) velocity and volumetric flowrate were studied in twenty-four arterioles located in the cheek pouches of nine male syrian golden hamsters. The observed vessels were between 8-32um in diameter. These vesgs were subdivided further into two groups: 8-17um and the 21-32um group. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled cells were injected into the hamster to act as velocity tracers. Immediately prior to and for a total of 60 minutes after the topical application of 10^-7M and 10^-9M PAF, selected arterioles were video taped periodically …

Chebyshev Approximate Solution For Stiff Problems, Kwo-En Hoh

Theses

Chebyshev polynomial and collocation methods are adapted to solve general ordinary differential equations ( initial-value problems and boundary-value problems ). Approximate solutions of initial-value problems are obtained in step-by-step fasion. the solutions have minimax absolute error in the interval and correct values at the end points. The approximate solutions of boundary-value problem will be continuous on the whole domain and have piecewise Chebyshev approximation characteristics in each subinterval of the chosen partition.

Implementation Of Finite Element Method On A Microcomputer, Chi-Yuang Huang

Theses

A finite-element program FEM2D has been implemented on a PHILIPS microcomputer. The program has a generation preprocessor and thus makes finite-element analysis on a microcomputer considerably easier than before, since it allows models to be created and edited much faster than by manual method. The interactive program FEM2D prompts the user to input data directly from the screen. It is convenient for the user, both in teaching and learning.

The FEM2D is a two-dimensional finite-element program capable of solving two-dimensional problems, such as plane elasticity, heat transfer and imcompressible fluid flow problems. It is developed with a formulation of a …

Microcomputer Local Area Network Interface, David W. Juan

Theses

A Microcomputer Local Area Network Interface system for use in the study of Local Area Network has been built and tested. The special feature of the system is data transmission/receiving and error detection/recovery. The system adapted the International Standards Organization (ISO) Open System Interconnection COSI) model. It used the star topology and implemented the physical layer, data link layer and network layer. The results of the system indicated the data communications and resources—sharing between microcomputers.

Study Of The Effects Of Pumping Pressure On The Properties Of Fresh Concrete, Dinesh Vithal Kenkre

Theses

This thesis has a two-fold objective. One, to develop a suitable testing apparatus in the labaratory to simulate the effect of field pumping of concrete and two, to conduct some preliminary tests to investigate the feasibility of the testing apparatus.

Pumping of concrete has been practiced in the U.S.A. since 1930. The behaviour of concrete in a pipeline has not been studied in much detail while development in the pumping technology raced ahead of the research in this field. Previous studies done in this field have clearly indicated the need for a laboratory simulation of pumping process in order that …

Air Pollutant Emissions From Non-Vented Radiant Kerosene Heater, Anil Kumar Mishra

Theses

Gaseous emissions from non-vented kerosene heaters can generate and create significant indoor air concentrations of various gaseous pollutants. Indoor air concentrations resulting from operating a portable non-vented radiant type kerosene heater in three rooms of size 38.7, 58.1 and 137 M³ were studied. Studies in the environmental chamber having a size of 38.7 M³ under two sets of ventilation conditions showed elevated levels of CO₂, total hydrocarbons and CO. An emission rate model was used to estimate the strength of pollutant source, for total hydrocarbons, CO₂ and CO with data reported in terms of mass …

The Acquisition Of Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Communication Systems, Anthony Donald Demeri

Theses

This Paper surveys different techniques of acquiring Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Systems.

It classifies different systems, indicates the strongpoints and weakness of each, along with some applications.

One method, The Single Dwell Serial PN Acquisition System is then focused on in detail. The detail includes analysis of standard version, derivation of the mean time to acquire, the variance, the probability of detection and the probability of a false alarm.

In the last section of the paper the analytical results of the Single Dwell Serial PN Acquisition System shall be confirmed by computer simulation.

Applications And Evaluation Criteria For Robotic Systems, Brijan Shirish Badshah

Theses

The robot industry is one of the fastest growing industries. In almost every area of manufacturing, robots are being considered for one or more tasks, but the success of any commercial industrial undertaking has to be measured in terms of financial performance.

To help practitioners in the manufacturing area, an economic analysis and investment appraisal technique for robotic systems is developed, especially to assist managers in making the crucial decision about utilizing an industrial robot. An interactive microcomputer program is developed which performs the economic analysis for cost justification and helps managers to decide whether the implementation of a robot …

Computer-Aided Design Of A Waveguide To A Suspended Stripline Transition For Millimeter-Wave Applications, Hsin-Yen Peng

Theses

Realization of millimeter-wave systems on suspended striplines necessitates transitions from such lines into waveguides for measurements and other purposes. Transition can be obtained through coupling TE10 mode in the waveguide into a TEM mode in the suspended stripline. A continuous transition using tapered complementary unilateral finline and two gradually increasing conducting tapered ridges is studied here. The tapered region is modelled using a number of uniform sections with gradually changing cross sections. The junction separating the tapered section from the suspended stripline is modelled via physically and electrically continuous terminations. Physical continuity approach is more flexible for manufacturing purpose at …

Human Resources Planning In Construction Through Operations Research, Maria Pyla-Christodoulou

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to examine different methods in the allocation of human resources in construction, using decision making through Operations Research. The methods described are divided into methods using mathematical models, and methods using heuristics. The mathematical models yield the optimum solution, while heuristics result in a satisfactory solution which can be improved by applying the optimization procedures described herein.

The human factor in construction is also examined, and methods of improving motivation among the construction workers are discussed.

Biodegradation Of Multiple Substrates In A Batch Reactor, Nilesh Naik

Theses

The biological degradation of multiple substrates was studied at room temperature in aerated 5-liter batch reactors using mixed liquor from the Passaic Valley Sewerage Commissioners wastewater treatment plant (Newark, New Jersey).

Two substrate mixtures were used (with initial concentration indicated in parenthesis): (1) phenol(100ppm) + nitrobenzene(10ppm) + 2,6-dichiorophenol(10ppm); (2) 2-chlorphenol(20ppm) + nitrobenzene(10ppm) + 2,6-dichlorphenol(10ppm). From concentration versus time data, kinetic rate constants for zero-order, first-order, and Monod models were determined. Most of the data were best fit by either the Monod or zero-order model. For all compounds tested biodegradation was the primary removal mechanism, and in many cases the rate …

Fracture Energy And Tensile Behavior Of Concrete, Wen-Jinn Chiou

Theses

Fracture behavior of concrete has been a subject of investigation for the past two decades. The need of understanding the complete tensile response of concrete is absolutely essential for theoretical modelling as well as design application of plain concrete structures.

In this study, attempts were made to investigate the validity of two important fracture parameters, namely, the fracture energy and the critical crack tip opening displacement. Three types of test specimen, dog- bone shaped tension specimen, notched beam and compact tension specimen, were investigated. These tests were conducted using the closed-loop MTS 810 strain-controlled testing system. For the uniaxial tension …

Reliability Studies On Solid Tantalum Electrolytic Capacitors By Means Of Accelerated Life Tests, Venkata R. Golthi

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to understand the failure mechanisms in Solid Tantalum Capacitors encapsulated in plastic, and to suggest the precautionary measures that prevent the occurrence of these failures.

The reliability of Solid Tantalum Capacitors encapsulated in plastic is of considerable interest because in some applications where the mechanical accelerations or shocks are considerable the "better" "hermitically" sealed type are not able to sustain themselves. Poor adherence between the dielectric film and the base metal Tantalum under the conditions of sudden mechanical shocks, causes problems.

Our study was carried out in two different directions, theoretical and experimental. The …

Biodegradation Of Mixed Phenolic Substrates, Prasad Gonnabathula

Theses

The biological degradation of phenol, with either 2-chlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol, or nitrobenzene as cosubstrates was studied in aerated five - liter batch reactors using mixed liquor from the Passaic Valley Sewarage Commissioners wastewater treatment plant (Newark, NJ). The initial substrate concentrations were: 100 – 150 ppm phenol, 10 - 20 ppm 2-cp, 10 ppm 2,3 dcp, and 10 - 20 ppm nitrobenzene. The concentration vs. time data were fit to three kinetic models: zero-order, first-order, and Monod(assuming constant biomass). Most of the data were best fit by either the Monod or zero-order model. For all compounds tested, biodegradation was the primary …

Analysis Of Compliant Pins Subjected To Plastic Deformation, Lincoln Miller

Theses

An experimental/numerical analysis of two types of compliant pins is presented: dynamic retention pins and cantilever pins. It is shown that there is a trade-off between the performances of both types of pins. For the same range of retention force, the cantilever pin, with a smaller stiffness, is more forgiving and gives a broader range of deflection. The dynamic retention pin is shown to be more reliable with time and replacement frequency, since it exhibits less plastic deformation for the same range of retention force.

Simulation Of A Microprocessor Controlled Drill Press, Arun J. Ayyagari

Theses

The concept of flexible manufacturing systems has ushered new dimensions into machine tool design. The power of this new technique is that a high degree of flexibility in a machine tool can be easily achieved by developing a software based control system as against conventional hard wired systems in existence.

To demonstrate this point, a microprocessor based control system is developed, in this thesis, to control the automated drill press. The Motorola MC6808 8-bit microprocessor is chosen as an example.

The microprocessor first evaluates the optimum cutting parameters for the given cutter size, work material and operation. It then uses …

Dynamic Laryngeal Analysis : Hardware And Software, Augustine Chan

Theses

A data acquisition and analysis system has been built and tested for the study of laryngeal dynamics: The system uses a computer to control the digitizing rate and to coordinate the pitch prompting for the subject. Tokens of steady state laryngeal vibration are obtained from an electroglottograph when the subject intones a series of computer prompted pitches in a musically scalar sequence. The system digitize the data at a basic rate of 200 samples per laryngeal cycle: This procedure enables the system to perform a modal analysis of laryngeal function: The signal processing and analysis procedure developed displays voice registration …

The Interfacing Between The A/D Converter, Buffer Memory And Hx-40 Microcomputer, Yu-Hwa Chu

Theses

The data acquisition system which includes A/D converter, buffer memory, and address generator, is to digitize the signal for the computer use. The special feature of this system is the computer controlled digitizing rate over a range from 35K to 0.

The interfacing between Motorola 68000 E.C.B. to H.P. 64000 Development System is the simple example for data communication. How to make the protocal to be compatible is the main point. H.P. 64000 is treated as a host computer because it has the capability for data management and large memory for storing data.