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Articles 1621 - 1650 of 2055
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Remedial Measures To Seepage And Instability Aspect Of A Dam Near Bombay, R. K. Katti, Dinesh R. Katti, Anand R. Katti
Remedial Measures To Seepage And Instability Aspect Of A Dam Near Bombay, R. K. Katti, Dinesh R. Katti, Anand R. Katti
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper describes the distress caused to a minor earth dam constructed at a high elevation in a mountainous area to conserve water. The distress related to instability of the dam and also due to high percolation underneath the dam coupled with formation of piping. The remedial measures taken to rectify instability and reduce percolation are described in this paper.
Restoration Of The Stability Of Retaining Wall, T. K. Natarajan, P. Jagannatha Rao
Restoration Of The Stability Of Retaining Wall, T. K. Natarajan, P. Jagannatha Rao
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper sets out the salient features concerning the failure of a retaining wall on a sloping ground. The retaining wall experienced a displacement of about l.50 m both in the downward and outward directions without experiencing any tilt or structural distress. The stability analysis of the slope on which the retaining wall was located, established that the failure was caused by inadequate drainage of the fill resulting in a build up of pore pressures. Four more such retaining wall sections were also analysed. The remedial measures consist of providing adequate drainage using a geotextile - covered filter drain, use …
Seepage Problems And Remedies – Hub Dam, Izhar-Ul-Haq
Seepage Problems And Remedies – Hub Dam, Izhar-Ul-Haq
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
On the first impounding of Hub Dam, seepage problems started. The foundation piezometers showed rising pressures. The areas of concern were limestone, bed rock, jointed sandstone and gravel deposits at overburden-rock contact. Observational approach was followed. It was decided to fill the reservoir in stages. Various alternatives were considered to control the underseepage pressures. Relief Wells were installed which proved effective and economical to control the problem. A gravel shell was added on the downstream slope to enhance the stability of the homogeneous section in case of seepage through the body of the dam.
Settlement Measurements Of Peat Deposits As Embankment Foundation, K. Kogure, K. Matsuo
Settlement Measurements Of Peat Deposits As Embankment Foundation, K. Kogure, K. Matsuo
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A low test embankment have been constructed on a soft and fibrous peat deposits. The thickness of the soft peat layer is about 2.5 m. Under the peat layer, there is silty clay deposit with thickness of about 13m. The site investigations were performed for both the layers. The laboratory soil tests on undisturbed samples obtained from both the layers were carried out. The settlement of foundation deposits was predicted by the one dimensional consolidation theory using the soil parameters obtained from laboratory soil tests. The results of field observations were compared with the calculated results by the conventional theory. …
Testing Of The Homestake Mine Tailings Deposit, Donald R. East, John W. Ransone, William A. Cincilla
Testing Of The Homestake Mine Tailings Deposit, Donald R. East, John W. Ransone, William A. Cincilla
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper discusses the geotechnical investigation of a large gold tailings facility which has been in operation since December 1977. The very thorough test program included 670 m (2200 ft.) of piezocone probing, 65 self-boring pressuremeter tests down to a maximum of 35 m (118 ft.), 60 SPT's and 9 laboratory triaxial tests as well as a well pump test. The study included a detailed geological and seismic study to determine earthquake design parameters and to assess the liquefaction potential of the deposit. Test results were utilized to determine the stability of an upstream constructed embankment employing the sub-aerial method …
The Failure And The Remedial Containment Dike On A Lacustrine Clay, Chitta R. Gangopadhyay, Richard O. Anderson
The Failure And The Remedial Containment Dike On A Lacustrine Clay, Chitta R. Gangopadhyay, Richard O. Anderson
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A compacted silty clay containment dike for a waste slurry holding pond, with a design height of 44 ft. above the pond bottom experienced distress when the construction had reached heights ranging from only 16 to 21.5 ft. The rapid construction rate generated large excess pore water pressure in the saturated lacustrine clay subgrade, the fissured nature of which could not be discerned by the standard sampling and laboratory testing procedures. Lateral transmission of the excess pore pressure caused toe heave and cracking of the dike. Construction was halted and resumed next year. Construction was completed with monitoring of the …
The Great Salt Lake Causeway – A Calculated Risk Revisited, James R. Lambrechts, Edward B. Kinner
The Great Salt Lake Causeway – A Calculated Risk Revisited, James R. Lambrechts, Edward B. Kinner
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The construction of the Great Salt Lake Causeway involved several calculated risks. Original design assumptions on lake level and consolidation settlement were not realized, creating a unique situation where the critical time for stability of this embankment was not necessarily at the end-of-construction. Along more than half of the causeway's 12-1/2 mile length, consolidation and strength gain has apparently been inhibited by a layer of salt. Because it was anticipated that calculated Factors of Safety for current conditions would be close to the 1.0 originally used, a comparative approach to stability evaluations was adopted. In this approach, Factors of Safety …
Treatment Of Left Bank Slopes Of Ichari Dam, Bhagwat V. K. Lavania
Treatment Of Left Bank Slopes Of Ichari Dam, Bhagwat V. K. Lavania
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The left bank of Ichari Diversion Dam was anticipated unstable because of toe submergence and drawdown effects after the construction of the dam, on the weak geological formations. Extensive laboratory and field investigations were carried out to determine the extent of stabilising measures needed. The proposals of providing pretensioned steel anchors or alternatively, reinforced concrete shaft anchors were considered in details to obviate the possibility of deep seated slides. The choice fell in favour of R.C. anchors mainly because there is no uncertainty about their in situ strength. These anchors were provided in two rows (one having vertical and other …
Wadi Qattarah Dams Case History, Jean Binquet, Ugo Zappi
Wadi Qattarah Dams Case History, Jean Binquet, Ugo Zappi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Two earthfill dams were constructed on the Wadi Qattarah in Libya between 1969 and 1972 but the filling was never ach1eved for both dams. After a partial filling well below normal water level, Secondary Dam failed in December 1977. Several weaknesses may be found in the features of both dams and have been analyzed by the authors on the basis of dam instrumentation results, measurements and observations of the Secondary Dam failure. Several possible causes of failure of this dam are presented. No one can however be taken as certain. The series of events as reported by eye witnesses appear …
A Study Of Dynamic Pile-Soil Interaction, P. Srinivasulu, N. Lakshmanan, K. Muthumani, B. Sivarama Sarma
A Study Of Dynamic Pile-Soil Interaction, P. Srinivasulu, N. Lakshmanan, K. Muthumani, B. Sivarama Sarma
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper discusses briefly the state of art on the subject of pile dynamics including consideration of soil-pile interaction. An analytical model which gives the response of a single pile buried in a layered soil medium considering variation in soil properties in the radial direction in each layer is illustrated. The paper also presents an experimental study on a full size test pile 40 cm dia and 7 m long driven into a five layered soil stratum. The results of the analytical and experimental studies are compared and suggestions for further work are given.
Analysis And Measurement Of Foundation Vibrations At Two Compressor Stations In Yugoslavia, Predrag Kvasnička, Tomislav Ivšić, Aleksandar Klričenko
Analysis And Measurement Of Foundation Vibrations At Two Compressor Stations In Yugoslavia, Predrag Kvasnička, Tomislav Ivšić, Aleksandar Klričenko
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The design procedure and the measurements of foundation vibrations at two compressor stations are presented. Simple methods and models were used to predict machine foundation behavior-and it is shown that they were effective in estimating the expected range of amplitudes through simple parameter variation. In attempt to lower vibrations amplitudes, spreading of gravel layer under machine foundation was suggested, the effect of which is discussed in the paper.
Case History Of Seismic Base Isolation Of A Building –The Foothill Communities Law And Justice Center, Marshall Lew, John C. Bowman Jr.
Case History Of Seismic Base Isolation Of A Building –The Foothill Communities Law And Justice Center, Marshall Lew, John C. Bowman Jr.
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Foothill Communities Law and Justice Center, located in seismically active Southern California, is the first building in the United States to be base isolated for seismic resistance. Natural rubber isolators with layers of steel plates were used to make the fundamental period of vibration of the base isolated building about twice as long as that for a comparable conventional fixed base building. Most earthquake energy is present in the shorter period ranges, and at longer periods, a building should be subjected to less earthquake input; this will allow buildings to be designed more economically and increase the likelihood of …
Characterization Of Liquefaction Sites/Features In The Charleston, S. C. Area, Garry Maurath, David Amick
Characterization Of Liquefaction Sites/Features In The Charleston, S. C. Area, Garry Maurath, David Amick
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Charleston, South Carolina earthquake of August 31, 1886 produced numerous liquefaction features. To date, over one hundred liquefaction sites have been identified. The characteristics of these sites were determined, and compared to those reported for worldwide cases of liquefaction. The findings of this investigation support the generally accepted models for the types of material and the hydrogeologic setting that are required for liquefaction to occur. However in contrast to some previous studies, these investigations identified relatively few liquefaction sites in Late Holocene sediments. Rather, most liquefaction sites identified in the Charleston area are located in deposits that are 100,000 …
Landslides In Rock Slopes During January 19, 1975, Kinnaur Earthquake In Himachal Pradesh, India, Lakshman Saran Srivastava
Landslides In Rock Slopes During January 19, 1975, Kinnaur Earthquake In Himachal Pradesh, India, Lakshman Saran Srivastava
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Ground failures in rugged terrain with more than 10,000 ft (3000m) elevation above mean sea level in the epicentral tract of 19 January 1975 Kinnaur earthquake in Himachal Pradesh, India, indicate that most of the earthquake generated landslides occur in surficial cover. The collapse of such material on steep slopes often result in cascading rock avalanches obliterating roads and other constructions lying on its way. The accumulated debris during this earthquake dammed Parachu river creating a reservoir behind it. The dislodging, overturning and uplift of boulders on hill tops and scabing and slabing of rocks along joints and other weak …
Model Tests On Seismic Stability Of An Approach Fill Embankment, Annacis Island Bridge Project, Vancouver, Canada, Peter M. Byrne, Hans Vaziri, Upul Atukorala, Donald Fraser
Model Tests On Seismic Stability Of An Approach Fill Embankment, Annacis Island Bridge Project, Vancouver, Canada, Peter M. Byrne, Hans Vaziri, Upul Atukorala, Donald Fraser
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper describes a study performed to evaluate the seismic behaviour of a 10 m high bridge end sand fill placed upon soft organic foundation soils and supported on piles. Under static conditions the fill load is essentially carried by the piles by "arching action", and little deformation was observed to occur in the field. The results of both model tests and finite element analysis are in agreement with this finding. Concern arose as to the likely response of this structure under earthquake loading and a model sand embankment supported on 400 model piles was built and tested on the …
Observed Natural Frequency Pile, Vijay K. Puri
Observed Natural Frequency Pile, Vijay K. Puri
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Vertical and horizontal vibration tests were conducted on a 45 cm. diameter concrete driven pile. The pile length was 17 m. The response of the pile was computed following the commonly used approach of Novak (1974, 1977) and Novak and El-Sharnouby (1983). A comparison was made of the predicted and observed response, the results of which are discussed in the paper.
On Propagation Of Elastic Surface Wave In Soils, Wang Xikang, Duan Shiwei, Yang Xianjinan
On Propagation Of Elastic Surface Wave In Soils, Wang Xikang, Duan Shiwei, Yang Xianjinan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
It has been proved that the propagation law of elastic surface wave emanating from machinery foundations has bearing not only on distances from vibration source but also on frequencies and depth of vibration source and external pressure acting on soil surface of wave receivers. Based on plenty of tests the calculation formulas for elastic surface wave are put forward and the computation precision of which is satisfactory.
On Properties Of Damping Of Bases, Wang Xikang
On Properties Of Damping Of Bases, Wang Xikang
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
On the basis of many tests it has been proved that the damping properties of bases not only have bearing on magnitude of base area of foundation but also on weight of foundation and on mechanics model adopted. This paper puts forward the computation formulas of damping parameters to some soils.
Probabilistic Analysis Of Earthquake-Induced Pool Release, T. F. Wolff, G. L. Hempen, M. M. Dirnberger, B. H. Moore
Probabilistic Analysis Of Earthquake-Induced Pool Release, T. F. Wolff, G. L. Hempen, M. M. Dirnberger, B. H. Moore
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Wappapello Dam was constructed in 1938 near the New Madrid seismic region. Loose sands in the dam foundation led to concern for liquefaction and embankment sliding if a large earthquake were to occur. However it was also recognized that the operation of the dam for flood control results in relatively low reservoir levels the majority of the time, substantially reducing the risk of earthquake-induced flooding. Because of these factors, a probabilistic analysis was performed to assess the likelihood of the combination of required events leading to an earthquake-induced pool release. Results of such analyses provide better information on which to …
Seismic Assessment Of Syncrude Tailings Dyke, R. C. Lo, W. G. Milne, Earle J. Klohn, G. T. Handford
Seismic Assessment Of Syncrude Tailings Dyke, R. C. Lo, W. G. Milne, Earle J. Klohn, G. T. Handford
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper describes the assessment of seismic risk at the Syncrude Site. It reviews the site physiographic and geologic setting and considers the site position relative to observed seismic events, strain release patterns, and main tectonic features in western Canada. Both deterministic and probabilistic approaches were employed in the seismic risk assessment. Data on seismic events that occurred between 1899 and 1985 were included in the evaluation. Of particular importance was determination of the impact on the site of a series of large earthquakes which occurred in the Nahanni area of the Northwest Territories during 1985. Hasegawa et al. (1981) …
Seismosedimentation And Lives Of Reservoirs, Arun Bapat
Seismosedimentation And Lives Of Reservoirs, Arun Bapat
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
When moderate to major earthquakes, usually of magnitude more than or equal to 6. 0 on Richter Scale, occur in catchment area of river, additional amount of geological materials is generated, which is called as Seismosediments and the process is known as Seismosedimentation. River flow mechanism carries it down to reservoir. This amount of seismosediment is quantified by a mathematical relation. A specific case of seismosedimentation with reference to sediments in Bhakra reservoir has been discussed. It is observed that seismosedimentation could reduce the economic life of reservoir and adversely affects the utility of reservoir. Re-examination of lives of large …
Soil Liquefaction Potential Of A Highway Bridge Foundation, Pedro S. Sêco E Pinto
Soil Liquefaction Potential Of A Highway Bridge Foundation, Pedro S. Sêco E Pinto
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Dynamic properties of a highway bridge foundation were determined through extensive field and laboratory tests. The liquefaction potential of alluvia materials consisting of sand material with 10 m depth was evaluated by using field data obtained from standard penetration and cone penetration tests, as well as seismic tests by measuring longitudinal and shear waves velocities. In addition the laboratory testing program has included classification tests, cyclic triaxial and cyclic simple shear test. The analyses have showed that comparable factors of safety may be obtained from both field and laboratory tests.
Stability Analysis Of Seismically Damaged Embankments, Yasuyuki Koga, Osamu Matsuo
Stability Analysis Of Seismically Damaged Embankments, Yasuyuki Koga, Osamu Matsuo
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper describes a pseudo-static stability analysis of seismically damaged embankments during the 1983 Nihonkai-chubu earthquake (Japan). It places a great emphasis on the discussion of a dynamic shear strength of soils to be used in a seismic stability analysis of embankments. Several existing concepts of a dynamic strength are reviewed, which vary from each other with respect to loading patterns, drainage conditions and strength criteria in soil element tests. The main part of this paper is to apply some of the dynamic soil strengths discussed above to seismic stability analyses of three embankment sections, laid on loose sandy deposits …
Stress Field Under A Reservoir And Its Induced Earthquake, Tao Zhen-Yu, Tang Fang-Fu
Stress Field Under A Reservoir And Its Induced Earthquake, Tao Zhen-Yu, Tang Fang-Fu
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper provides a conceptual model for the study of water-induced earthquake, from which a coupled analysis program of two-dimensional elasto-plastic media has been made. It analyzes the characteristics of the change of stress field and infiltration field under reservoir and studies the relationship between these characteristics and those of water-induced earthquake. At last, it gives out prediction results to a water-induced sequence.
The Observed Seismic Behavior Of The Matahina Dam, M. D. Gillon
The Observed Seismic Behavior Of The Matahina Dam, M. D. Gillon
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
On 2 March 1987 the 86 m high Matahina earth dam in the Eastern Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand was shaken by a nearby magnitude 6.3 earthquake. The dam response was recorded by five strong motion accelerometers and a maximum crest level acceleration of 0.42 g was measured. The crest level rockfill settled about 100 mm and moved downstream 250 mm during the earthquake. No major leakage has resulted from the earthquake. The results of the damage investigations are described. A condition probably requiring remedial work has been identified on the left abutment.
Upgrading The Seismic Resistance Of Stevens Creek Dam, K. V. Rodda, C. W. Perry, R. E. Tepel
Upgrading The Seismic Resistance Of Stevens Creek Dam, K. V. Rodda, C. W. Perry, R. E. Tepel
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Stevens Creek Darn is a rolled earthfill structure with a height of about 120 feet. A seismic safety evaluation in 1978 concluded that the darn would probably be severely damaged if subjected to a maximum credible earthquake originating on the nearby San Andreas fault. Normal reservoir operation was immediately restricted, pending decisions as to the fate of the project. Conceptual design studies were completed in 1982 to identify the most promising alternative remedial concepts. The most promising concepts were chosen and final design of modifications to the dam and its appurtenant hydraulic structures were completed in 1984. Modification of the …
Vibration Response Of Railway Bridge Piers To Nearby Pile Driving, I. Rosenthal, M. Itskowitch
Vibration Response Of Railway Bridge Piers To Nearby Pile Driving, I. Rosenthal, M. Itskowitch
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In the development of a new highway system approaching Tel Aviv, Israel, long piles had to be driven very close to an existing railway bridge. In view of the danger of structural damage to the bridge, as a result of ground vibrations excited by the pile-driving work, field measurements were ordered. Vibrations recorded at the bridge pier heads in the course of the driving operation were analyzed and compared with those excited by trains. Results showed that the former are generally lower than the latter, and neither one exceeds the limits prescribed by the codes.
A Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis Of A Damaged Building, R. F. Wilson-Fahmy
A Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis Of A Damaged Building, R. F. Wilson-Fahmy
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A twenty years old reinforced concrete building suffered from fracture of one of its ground floor corner columns. The extent of damage resulting from fracture of the column is examined. Plane frame structural analysis is used in the interpretation of the signs of damage of the building. Soil compressibility is incorporated in the analysis by assuming the footings to rest on Winkler type subgrade. The theoretical analysis is assessed by comparing the results with the actual behaviour of the structure.
Actual And Predicted Behavior Of Large Metal Culverts, David C. Cowherd, Stephen M. Thrasher, Vlad G. Perlea, John O. Hurd
Actual And Predicted Behavior Of Large Metal Culverts, David C. Cowherd, Stephen M. Thrasher, Vlad G. Perlea, John O. Hurd
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The stability of large metal culverts depends on the performance of the backfill around the pipe, which must be considered as a part of the structure when evaluating its safety. A simplified method to evaluate the current stability of such a structure on the basis of the structure's shape is derived. Useful when limited amount of information is available, this method provides an economical procedure for: (1) evaluating the condition of the existing backfill and its capability to provide a safe support for the structure; (2) predicting final movements and determining if additional investigations are necessary to establish the safety …
Anchor Failures At A Deep Excavation, Vinod K. Garga
Anchor Failures At A Deep Excavation, Vinod K. Garga
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Paper describes failures of some high tensile strength steel tensioned rock anchors at a deep excavation. The failures are attributed to stress corrosion to which the high tensile strength steel is particularly susceptible. The method which was used to estimate the life of remaining anchors on the project is described. The need for ensuring a high level of care during transportation, storage and installation of such high tensile strength steel bars is emphasised.