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Articles 3001 - 3030 of 3294
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Internet-Based Agents: Applications And Infrastructure, Munindar P. Singh, Michael N. Huhns
Internet-Based Agents: Applications And Infrastructure, Munindar P. Singh, Michael N. Huhns
Faculty Publications
Software agents are mitigating the complexity of modern information systems—technically by providing a locus for managing information subsets, and psychologically by providing an abstraction for human interaction with them.
Mobile Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh
Mobile Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh
Faculty Publications
A lot of agents are executing on the Web, and some of them are starting to move around. While most agents are static (existing as a single process or thread on one host), others can pick up and move their code and data to a new host where they resume executing.
Conversational Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh
Conversational Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh
Faculty Publications
When you build or buy an agent for the Web, you want it to perform as well as possible. Increasingly, this means your agent should take advantage not only of the Web's information resources, but also of all the other agents that might be operating there.
Agents Are Everywhere!, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh
Agents Are Everywhere!, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh
Faculty Publications
A decade ago this claim would have evoked images from the Cold War—and probably gotten this column classified! Today, it describes one of the hottest technical areas on the Internet.
Hierarchical Classification As An Aid To Browsing, John R. Rose, Caroline M. Eastman
Hierarchical Classification As An Aid To Browsing, John R. Rose, Caroline M. Eastman
Faculty Publications
An approach to browsing large chemical reaction databases is presented. The method that is described builds on earlier work in which unsupervised hierarchical classification was used to extract generalizations of reaction classes from reaction databases for use in reaction knowledge bases. The method described in this paper involves classification based on both semantic and topological features. It supports the creation of deep hierarchies in which succeeding levels represent increasing degrees of abstraction. The creation of a hierarchy allows the user to quickly locate interesting items or classes of items by performing a tree traversal as opposed to sequentially scanning a …
Release Of Inorganic Material During Coal Devolatilization, Larry L. Baxter, Reginald E. Mitchell, Thomas H. Fletcher
Release Of Inorganic Material During Coal Devolatilization, Larry L. Baxter, Reginald E. Mitchell, Thomas H. Fletcher
Faculty Publications
Experimental results presented in this paper indicate that coal devolatilization products convectively remove a fraction of the nonvolatile components of inorganic material atomically dispersed in the coal matrix. Results from three facilities burning six different coals illustrate this mechanism of ash transformation and release from coal particles. Titanium is chosen to illustrate this type of mass release from coal particles on the basis of its low volatility and mode of occurrence in the coal. During moderate rates of devolatilization (104 K/s heating rate), no significant loss of titanium is noted. At more rapid rates of heating/devolatilization (105 K/s) …
Ontologies For Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh
Ontologies For Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh
Faculty Publications
An ontology is a computational model of some portion of the world. It is often captured in some form of a semantic network-a graph whose nodes are concepts or individual objects and whose arcs represent relationships or associations among the concepts. This network is augmented by properties and attributes, constraints, functions, and rules that govern the behavior of the concepts. Formally, an ontology is an agreement about a shared conceptualization, which includes frameworks for modeling domain knowledge and agreements about the representation of particular domain theories. Definitions associate the names of entities in a universe of discourse (for example, classes, …
Preparation Of Nd-Doped Baceo3 Proton-Conducting Ceramics By Homogeneous Oxalate Coprecipitation, Fanglin Chen, Ping Wang, O. Toft Sorensen, Guangyao Meng, Dingkum Peng
Preparation Of Nd-Doped Baceo3 Proton-Conducting Ceramics By Homogeneous Oxalate Coprecipitation, Fanglin Chen, Ping Wang, O. Toft Sorensen, Guangyao Meng, Dingkum Peng
Faculty Publications
Nd-doped BaCeO3 have been obtained from homogeneous coprecipitated oxalates when calcined at temperatures T≥1000 °C. Ball-milling of the calcined powders well disperses the agglomerates and consequently has a beneficial effect in the densification process. The calcination temperature has a major influence on the sintering process and powders calcined at 1100 °C possess good sinterabilities. The pressure applied to press the green pellets has no apparent influence on the sintered density at sintering temperatures of T≥1400 °C. By controlling the processing variables it was possible to obtain near fully dense Nd-doped BaCeO3 ceramics with homogeneous microstructure at a sintering …
Governing Equations For Transport In Porous Electrodes, Pauline De Vidts, Ralph E. White
Governing Equations For Transport In Porous Electrodes, Pauline De Vidts, Ralph E. White
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Mathematical Modeling Of Proton‐Exchange‐Membrane Fuel‐Cell Stacks, Dhanwa Thirumalai, Ralph E. White
Mathematical Modeling Of Proton‐Exchange‐Membrane Fuel‐Cell Stacks, Dhanwa Thirumalai, Ralph E. White
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Electrowinning Of Nonnoble Metals With Simultaneous Hydrogen Evolution At Flow-Through Porous Electrodes Iii. Time Effects, Mahmoud M. Saleh, John W Weidner, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli, Badr G. Ateya
Electrowinning Of Nonnoble Metals With Simultaneous Hydrogen Evolution At Flow-Through Porous Electrodes Iii. Time Effects, Mahmoud M. Saleh, John W Weidner, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli, Badr G. Ateya
Faculty Publications
The electrowinning of zinc from a recirculating alkaline zincate solution at a flow-through porous electrode was investigated. Experimental results were obtained to test the predictions of a mathematical model. The effects of electrolyte flow rate, cell current, and electrode thickness on the concentration-time relations and coulombic efficiency-time relations were studied. The experimental results show that the highest recovery rate was obtained at both high flow rates and cell currents. There is, however, a practical limit for increasing both the cell current and the electrolyte flow rate. Reasonable agreement between the model predictions and experimental results was obtained. A case study …
An Electrochemical Route For Making Porous Nickel Oxide Electrochemical Capacitors, Venkat Srinivasan, John W. Weidner
An Electrochemical Route For Making Porous Nickel Oxide Electrochemical Capacitors, Venkat Srinivasan, John W. Weidner
Faculty Publications
Porous nickel oxide films were prepared by electrochemically precipitating nickel hydroxide and heating the hydroxide in air at 300°C. The resulting nickel oxide films behave as an electrochemical capacitor with a specific capacitance of 59 F/g electrode material. These nickel oxide films maintain high utilization at high rates of discharge (i.e., high power density) and have excellent cycle life. Porous cobalt oxide films were also synthesized. Although the specific capacitances of these films are approximately one-fifth that of the nickel oxide films, the results demonstrate the versatility of fabricating a wide range of porous metal oxide films using …
Molecular-Level Modeling Of The Viscoelasticity Of Crosslinked Polymers: Effect Of Time And Temperature, Philip P. Simon, Harry J. Ploehn
Molecular-Level Modeling Of The Viscoelasticity Of Crosslinked Polymers: Effect Of Time And Temperature, Philip P. Simon, Harry J. Ploehn
Faculty Publications
We present a new molecular-level picture of chain dynamics for describing the viscoelasticity of crosslinked polymers. The associated mathematical model consists of a time-dependent momentum balance on a representative polymer segment in the crosslinked network, plus phenomenological expressions for forces acting on the segments. These include a cohesive force that accounts for intermolecular attraction, an entropic force describing the thermodynamics governing chain conformations, and a frictional force that captures the temperature dependence of relative chain motion. We treat the case of oscillatory uniaxial deformation. Solution of the model equations in the frequency domain yields the dynamic moduli as functions of …
The Effect Of Ultrasonic Frequency Upon Enhanced Killing Ofp. Aeruginosa Biofilms, Zhen Qian, Richard D. Sagers, William G. Pitt
The Effect Of Ultrasonic Frequency Upon Enhanced Killing Ofp. Aeruginosa Biofilms, Zhen Qian, Richard D. Sagers, William G. Pitt
Faculty Publications
It is widely recognized that the bacteria sequestered in a biofilm on a medical implant are much more resistant to antibiotics than their planktonic counterparts. Recent studies have shown that application of antibiotic along with low power ultrasound significantly increases the killing of planktonic bacteria by the antibiotic. Herein is reported a similar application of antibiotic and ultrasound to sessile bacteria in biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on a polyethylene substrate. Biofilm viability was measured after exposure to 12 μg/ml gentamicin sulfate and 10 mW/cm2 ultrasound at frequencies of 70 kHz, 500 kHz, 2.25 MHz, and 10 MHz. The results …
Soot In Coal Combustion Systems, Thomas H. Fletcher, Jinliang Ma, Jim Rigby, Alexander L. Brown, Brent W. Webb
Soot In Coal Combustion Systems, Thomas H. Fletcher, Jinliang Ma, Jim Rigby, Alexander L. Brown, Brent W. Webb
Faculty Publications
Soot is generated from coal when volatile matter, tar in particular, undergoes secondary reactions at high temperatures. A description of soot in coal flames allows better calculations of radiative transfer and temperatures in near-burner regions, which in turn allows more accurate predictions of NOx formation in coal-fired furnaces. Experiments are reviewed that examine the formation, agglomeration and properties of coal-derived soot, including pyrolysis experiments and combustion experiments. This review includes the types of experiments performed, the soot yields obtained, the size of the soot particles and agglomerates, the optical properties of soot, the relationship between coal-derived soot and soot …
Radar Backscatter Measurement Accuracy For A Spaceborne Pencil-Beam Wind Scatterometer With Transmit Modulation, David G. Long, Michael W. Spencer
Radar Backscatter Measurement Accuracy For A Spaceborne Pencil-Beam Wind Scatterometer With Transmit Modulation, David G. Long, Michael W. Spencer
Faculty Publications
Scatterometers are remote sensing radars designed to measure near-surface winds over the ocean. The difficulties of accommodating traditional fan-beam scatterometers on spacecraft has lead to the development of a scanning pencil-beam instrument known as SeaWinds. SeaWinds will be part of the Japanese Advanced Earth Observing Satellite II (ADEOS-II) to be launched in 1999. To analyze the performance of the SeaWinds design, a new expression for the measurement accuracy of a pencil-beam system is required. In this paper the authors derive a general expression for the backscatter measurement accuracy for a pencil-beam scatterometer which includes the effects of transmit signal modulation …
Tradeoffs In The Design Of A Spaceborne Scanning Pencil Beam Scatterometer: Application To Seawinds, David G. Long, Chialin T. Wu, Michael W. Spencer
Tradeoffs In The Design Of A Spaceborne Scanning Pencil Beam Scatterometer: Application To Seawinds, David G. Long, Chialin T. Wu, Michael W. Spencer
Faculty Publications
SeaWinds is a spaceborne wind scatterometer to be flown on the second Japanese Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS-II) in 1999. An important international element of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS), SeaWinds is an advanced follow-on to the NASA scatterometer (NSCAT) on the first ADEOS platform. Unlike previous operational spaceborne scatterometer systems. SeaWinds employs a scanning "pencil-beam" antenna rather than a "fan-beam" antenna, making the instrument more compact and yielding greater ocean coverage. The goals of this paper are twofold. First, the overall SeaWinds functional design and backscatter measurement approach are described, and the relative advantages of the pencil-beam technique are …
Extracting The Grain Boundary Character/Free Energy Relationship From The Microstructure: Pure <100> And <111> Tilt Boundaries, Brent L. Adams, S. Costiner, D. Kinderlehrer, W. W. Mullins, Shlomo Ta'asan
Extracting The Grain Boundary Character/Free Energy Relationship From The Microstructure: Pure <100> And <111> Tilt Boundaries, Brent L. Adams, S. Costiner, D. Kinderlehrer, W. W. Mullins, Shlomo Ta'asan
Faculty Publications
This work was supported primarily by the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation under Award Number DMR-9632556. Analysis is described to extract the excess free energy of grain boundaries from the mesotexture of well-equilibrated polycrystalline samples. The approach is based upon the force and torque balances at triple junctions described in the classical work of Herring. The main advantage of the approach is that the free energy function is obtained over the full fundamental zone of grain boundary types. For the purposes of exposition, the method is described for specified two-parameter hypersurfaces in the fundamental zone for cubic polycrystals …
Detection For A Statistically-Known, Time-Varying Dispersive Channel, David W. Matolak, S. G. Wilson
Detection For A Statistically-Known, Time-Varying Dispersive Channel, David W. Matolak, S. G. Wilson
Faculty Publications
Detection for the statistically known channel (SKC) is aimed at obtaining good performance in situations where our statistical knowledge of a time-varying channel is good, and where other equalization/detection schemes are either too complex to implement, or their performance is limited due to the rapidity of channel fading, or where we are simply unable to perform channel estimation. By using a statistical characterization of the channel, we develop a new detector that performs maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) (given the channel model) on blocks of N symbols. Both symbol-spaced and fractionally spaced samples are used, to obtain two different detectors, that …
Three-Dimensional Display Utilizing A Diffractive Optical Element And An Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Display, Gregory P. Nordin, M. W. Jones, S. T. Kowel, J. H. Kulick, R. G. Lindquist
Three-Dimensional Display Utilizing A Diffractive Optical Element And An Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Display, Gregory P. Nordin, M. W. Jones, S. T. Kowel, J. H. Kulick, R. G. Lindquist
Faculty Publications
We describe the design, construction, and performance of the first real-time autostereoscopic three-dimensional (3-D) display based on the partial pixel 3-D display architecture. The primary optical components of the 3-D display are an active-matrix liquid crystal display and a diffractive optical element (DOE). The display operates at video frame rates and is driven with a conventional VGA signal. Three-dimensional animations with horizontal motion parallax are readily viewable as sets of stereo images. Formation of the virtual viewing slits by diffraction from the partial pixel apertures is experimentally verified. The measured contrast and perceived brightness of the display are excellent, but …
Characterization Of Sr‐Doped Lamno3 And Lacoo3 As Cathode Materials For A Doped Lagao3 Ceramic Fuel Cell, Kevin Huang, Man Feng, John B. Goodenough, Michael Schmerling
Characterization Of Sr‐Doped Lamno3 And Lacoo3 As Cathode Materials For A Doped Lagao3 Ceramic Fuel Cell, Kevin Huang, Man Feng, John B. Goodenough, Michael Schmerling
Faculty Publications
Energy dispersive spectrometry line scan and ac impedance spectroscopy were used in this study to investigate the chemical reactions between two cathode materials, La0.84Sr0.16MnO3 (LSM), La0.5Sr0.5CoO3-δ (LSC), and the electrolyte La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O2.85 (LSGM). Significant interdiffusions of Co into LSGM and Ga into LSC were found at an LSC/LSGM interface even at relatively low fabrication temperatures. In contrast, only small interdiffusions of Mn into LSGM and Ga into LSM were detected at the LSM/LSGM interface even though it was fired at 1470°C. The …
Remotely Possible? Simple Remote Access To The Network, Margaret Sylvia
Remotely Possible? Simple Remote Access To The Network, Margaret Sylvia
Faculty Publications
Remote access to the library is possible without a magic wand. we have seen increased use of the library in recent years, either because of, or despite, the possibility of remote access. One reason may be that some full-text material is still only available inside the library. Remote access was first implemented in the St. Mary's University Academic Library in 1991, shortly after the installation of the first network in the library. Various options for remote access are compared and contrasted, including the EA/2 solution.
A Comprehensive Modeling Environment For The Simulation Of Groundwater Flow And Transport, S. J. Owen, Norman L. Jones, J. P. Holland
A Comprehensive Modeling Environment For The Simulation Of Groundwater Flow And Transport, S. J. Owen, Norman L. Jones, J. P. Holland
Faculty Publications
A comprehensive graphical modeling environment has been developed to address the needs of the computer simulation of groundwater flow and transport. The Department of Defense Groundwater Modeling Systems (GMS), developed at the Engineering Computer Graphics Laboratory at Brigham Young University, is part of a multi-year project funded through the Department of Defense, Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Agency. GMS is a graphically based software tool providing facility through all aspects of the groundwater flow and transport modeling process. Facilities include geometric modeling of hydrostratigraphy, two- and three-dimensional mesh generation, graphically based model input for specific flow and transport codes, …
Bounding Elastic Constants Of An Orthotropic Polycrystal Using Measurements Of The Microstructure, Brent L. Adams, M. J. Beran, T. A. Mason, Ted Olsen
Bounding Elastic Constants Of An Orthotropic Polycrystal Using Measurements Of The Microstructure, Brent L. Adams, M. J. Beran, T. A. Mason, Ted Olsen
Faculty Publications
We show how information about the elastic stiffness and compliance of an orthotropic polycrystal may be obtained from measurements of the statistical properties of the microstructure. We begin by discussing the statistical properties of the governing equations and the hierarchy that results when the equations are averaged. Perturbation solutions are obtained in terms of low-order statistical information. Using methods previously developed, we derive bounds for the elastic stiffnesses and compliances. A heirarchy of bounds is derived using the statistical information obtained from measurements of the microstructure. We discuss the methods used to obtain the correlation functions of the microstructure and …
A Comparison Of Traffic Models: Part 1, Framework, Hong Lo, Wei-Hua Lin, Lawrence Liao, Elbert Chang, Jacob Tsao
A Comparison Of Traffic Models: Part 1, Framework, Hong Lo, Wei-Hua Lin, Lawrence Liao, Elbert Chang, Jacob Tsao
Faculty Publications
This report defines a framework for comparing dynamic traffic models. It emphasizes four dimensions: functionality, traffic dynamics, route choice dy namics, and overall network performance. The first dimension compares the models through a check-list of model functions. Regarding the last three comparison dimensions, a total of five networks and twelve scenarios are defined. These test scenarios are designed to accentuate model properties and differences. Also included in the report are a list of performance measures for comparison purpose, and a discussion of the interpretation of results.
Dynamic Traffic Assignment For Automated Highway Systems: A Two-Lane Highway With Speed Constancy, H.-S. Jacob Tsao
Dynamic Traffic Assignment For Automated Highway Systems: A Two-Lane Highway With Speed Constancy, H.-S. Jacob Tsao
Faculty Publications
Dynamic traffic assignment through analytical modeling and optimization has been widely accepted by the IVHS R&D community as a promising traffic control tool for understanding and relieving traffic congestion on conventional highways and city streets. Due to the completely controlled nature of AHS traffic, dynamic assignment of AHS traffic is even more promising. One added dimension of complexity associated with AHS dynamic traffic assignment is lane assignment. Lane changes, for fully utilizing AHS capacity or for exiting, incur disturbances to and hence reduction of longitudinal flow. Intelligent lane assignment is necessary to ensure a high rate of successful exiting, to …
Characterization Of The Si/Sio2 Interface Formed By Remote Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition From Sih4/N2O With Or Without Chlorine Addition, Young-Bae Park, Xiaodong Li, Shi-Woo Rhee
Characterization Of The Si/Sio2 Interface Formed By Remote Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition From Sih4/N2O With Or Without Chlorine Addition, Young-Bae Park, Xiaodong Li, Shi-Woo Rhee
Faculty Publications
The Si/SiO2interface formed by remote plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RPECVD) at low temperature with SiH4/N2O or SiH4/N2O/Cl2 was studied and compared with thermal oxidation. The interface of the CVD SiO2 without chlorine addition is rougher than that with chlorine addition. But the surface roughness of CVD SiO2 films increases with chlorine addition. The thermal oxidation induces strong interface strains, and the strains generated by the CVD SiO2 without chlorine addition are stronger and are distributed more nonuniformly than those by the chlorinated SiO2. …
Microstructure And Deposition Rate Of Aluminum Thin Films From Chemical Vapor Deposition With Dimethylethylamine Alane, Byoung-Youp Kim, Xiaodong Li, Shi-Woo Rhee
Microstructure And Deposition Rate Of Aluminum Thin Films From Chemical Vapor Deposition With Dimethylethylamine Alane, Byoung-Youp Kim, Xiaodong Li, Shi-Woo Rhee
Faculty Publications
Deposition of aluminumfilm from DMEAA in the temperature range of 100–300 °C has been studied. In this temperature range, there is a maximum deposition rate at around 150 °C. The film deposited at 190 °C has elongated blocklike grain shapes, which are ∼600 nm in width and 930 nm in length. Grains in the film deposited at 150 °C showed an equiaxed structure with grain size in the range of 100–300 nm in a film with 600 nm thickness. Aluminum oxide particle inclusion was observed especially at high deposition temperature. Plausible reaction pathways of DMEAA dissociation were suggested to explain …
Low-Frequency Noise In 4h-Silicon Carbide Junction Field Effect Transistors, J. W. Palmour, M. E. Levinshtein, S. L. Rumyantsev, Grigory Simin
Low-Frequency Noise In 4h-Silicon Carbide Junction Field Effect Transistors, J. W. Palmour, M. E. Levinshtein, S. L. Rumyantsev, Grigory Simin
Faculty Publications
Low frequency noise in 4H‐silicon carbide junction field effect transistors (JFETs) has been investigated. JFETs with a buried p + n junction gate were manufactured by CREE Research Inc. Very low noise level has been observed in the JFETs. At 300 K the value of Hooge constant α is as small as α∼10−5 and the α value can be decreased by an appropriate annealing to α∼2×10−6. It has been shown that even these extremely low noise values are determined not by the volume noise sources but by the noise at the SiC–SiO2 interface.
Dependence Of The Normalized Radar Cross Section Of Water Waves On Bragg Wavelength-Wind Speed Sensitivity, David G. Long, R. Scott Collyer, David V. Arnold
Dependence Of The Normalized Radar Cross Section Of Water Waves On Bragg Wavelength-Wind Speed Sensitivity, David G. Long, R. Scott Collyer, David V. Arnold
Faculty Publications
Measurements of the normalized radar cross section (O) made by the YSCAT ultrawideband scatterometer during an extended deployment on the Canada Centre for Inland Waters (CCIW) Research Tower located at Lake Ontario are analyzed and compared with anemometer wind measurements to study the sensitivity of O to the wind speed as a function of the Bragg wavelength. This paper concentrates on upwind and downwind azimuth angles in the wind speed range of 4.5-12 m/s. While YSCAT collected measurements of O at a variety of frequencies and incidence angles, this paper focuses on frequencies of 2.0, 3.05, 5.30, 10.02, and 14.0 …