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Articles 841 - 870 of 4180
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Stream Flow Analysis Of The Big Sioux River Just South Of Brookings, South Dakota, Samuel Ruppert
Stream Flow Analysis Of The Big Sioux River Just South Of Brookings, South Dakota, Samuel Ruppert
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Floods are the most common type of natural disaster in the world and one of the most damaging. Changes in climate conditions such as precipitation and temperature are causing changes in stream flow. This means that in order to better understand flooding and possibly develop a system for making flood predictions, stream flow needs to be analyzed more closely. The primary objective of this thesis is to analyze the Big Sioux River just south of Brookings, South Dakota, both annually and seasonally. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) has stream gauges placed in rivers and streams all over the United …
Development Of Semantic Scene Conversion Model For Image-Based Localization At Night, Dongyoun Kim
Development Of Semantic Scene Conversion Model For Image-Based Localization At Night, Dongyoun Kim
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Developing an autonomous vehicle navigation system invariant to illumination change is one of the biggest challenges in vision-based localization field due to the fact that the appearance of an image becomes inconsistent under different light conditions even with the same location. In particular, the night scene images have greatest change in appearance compared to the according day scenes. Moreover, the night images do not have enough information in Image-based localization. To deal with illumination change, image conversion methods have been researched. However, these methods could lose the detail of objects and add fake objects into the output images. In this …
New Approach For Temporal Stability Evaluation Of Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (Pics), Fatima Tuz Zafrin Tuli
New Approach For Temporal Stability Evaluation Of Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (Pics), Fatima Tuz Zafrin Tuli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (PICS) are one of the most popular methods for in-flight vicarious radiometric calibration of Earth remote sensing satellites. The fundamental question of PICS temporal stability has not been adequately addressed. However, the main purpose of this work is to evaluate the temporal stability of a few PICS using a new approach. The analysis was performed over six PICS (Libya 1, Libya 4, Niger 1, Niger 2, Egypt 1 and Sudan 1). The concept of a “Virtual Constellation” was developed to provide greater temporal coverage and also to overcome the dependence limitation of any specific characteristic derived from …
Empirical Absolute Calibration Model For Multiple Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites, Bipin Raut
Empirical Absolute Calibration Model For Multiple Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites, Bipin Raut
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This work extends an empirical absolute calibration model initially developed for the Libya 4 Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Site (PICS) to five additional Saharan Desert PICS (Egypt 1, Libya 1, Niger 1, Niger 2, and Sudan 1), and demonstrates the efficacy of the resulting models at predicting sensor top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance. It attempts to generate absolute calibration models for these PICS that have an accuracy and precision comparable to or better than the current Libya 4 model, with the intent of providing additional opportunities for sensor calibration. In addition, this work attempts to validate the general applicability of the model to other …
Intra-Day Solar Irradiance Forecasting For Remote Microgrids Using Hidden Markov Model, Abhilasha Bajracharya
Intra-Day Solar Irradiance Forecasting For Remote Microgrids Using Hidden Markov Model, Abhilasha Bajracharya
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Accurate solar irradiance forecasting is the key to accurate estimation of solar power output at any given time. The accuracy of this information is especially crucial in diesel-PV based remote microgrids with batteries to determine the set points of the batteries and generators for their optimal dispatch. This, in turn, is related directly to the overall operating cost because both an overestimation and an underestimation of the irradiance means additional operating costs for either suddenly ramping up the backup resources or causing under-utilization of the available PV power output. Accurately predicting the solar irradiance is not an easy task because …
Field And Numerical Study For Deteriorating Precast Double-Tee Girder Bridges, Brian Kidd
Field And Numerical Study For Deteriorating Precast Double-Tee Girder Bridges, Brian Kidd
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Two deteriorating DT bridges in South Dakota, both over 30-years old, were field tested with a static and dynamic load. From the recorded strain values, the liveload distribution factors (LLDFs) and dynamic load allowance (IM) factors were calculated. The AASHTO LRFD and AASHTO Standard Specifications were compared with the field LLDFs and IMs. It was determined that the AASHTO LRFD Specifications were conservative for deteriorating DT girder bridges, with two exceptions. The AASHTO Standard codified LLDFs were significantly higher than the field LLDFs in all cases. The AASHTO LRFD and AASHTO Standard specifications were conservative when calculating the IM factors …
Evaluation Of An Extended Pics (Epics) For Calibration And Stability Monitoring Of Optical Satellite Sensors, Md Nahid Hasan
Evaluation Of An Extended Pics (Epics) For Calibration And Stability Monitoring Of Optical Satellite Sensors, Md Nahid Hasan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Pseudo Invariant Calibration Sites (PICS) have been increasingly used as an independent data source for on-orbit radiometric calibration and stability monitoring of optical satellite sensors. Generally, this would be a small region of land that is extremely stable in time and space, predominantly found in North Africa. Use of these small regions, referred to as traditional PICS, can be limited by: i) the spatial extent of an individual Region of Interest (ROI) and/or site; ii) and the frequency of how often the site can be acquired, based on orbital patterns and cloud cover at the site, both impacting the time …
Reinforcement Learning And Game Theory For Smart Grid Security, Shuva Paul
Reinforcement Learning And Game Theory For Smart Grid Security, Shuva Paul
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation focuses on one of the most critical and complicated challenges facing electric power transmission and distribution systems which is their vulnerability against failure and attacks. Large scale power outages in Australia (2016), Ukraine (2015), India (2013), Nigeria (2018), and the United States (2011, 2003) have demonstrated the vulnerability of power grids to cyber and physical attacks and failures. These incidents clearly indicate the necessity of extensive research efforts to protect the power system from external intrusion and to reduce the damages from post-attack effects. We analyze the vulnerability of smart power grids to cyber and physical attacks and …
The Effect Of Edge-Of-Field Nutrient Management Practices On Microbial Concentrations In Subsurface Drainage Water And The Associated Risk Of Antibiotic Resistance Dissemination, Sara Mardani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Many in-field and edge-of-field management practices have been used to reduce nutrient loads from agricultural fields. The denitrification woodchip bioreactor (WB) is one edgeof- field management practice that has proven to be effective in removing nitrate from subsurface drainage water. The success in nitrate removal achieved with WBs has raised interest in expanding their capabilities for removing other agricultural pollutants, including phosphorus, by using other types of media like phosphorus-sorbing filters or combining these filters with woodchips to remove both nitrate and phosphorus as dual-nutrient removal systems. Despite the extensive research done on WBs and nutrient filter materials, little consideration …
Analysis Of Natural Convection Flow In A Detector Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Weston Christensen
Analysis Of Natural Convection Flow In A Detector Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Weston Christensen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this research was to simulate the flow, temperature, and impurity concentration within the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Single Phase Far Detector using a commercially available computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver. DUNE is a research collaborative investigating properties of neutrinos in an effort to better understand the origins of matter and behavior of subatomic particles. The Far Detector is a geometrically complex neutrino detector containing: anode plane arrays and cathode plane arrays which induce an electric field within the detection region that causes electrons to drift to the sensing equipment, field cage planes to enclose the neutrino …
Coordinated Smart Home Thermal And Energy Management System Using A Co-Simulation Framework, Prateek Munankarmi
Coordinated Smart Home Thermal And Energy Management System Using A Co-Simulation Framework, Prateek Munankarmi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The increasing demand for electricity especially during the peak hours threaten the grid reliability. Demand response (DR), changing the load pattern of the consumer in response to system conditions, can decrease energy consumption during periods of high wholesale market price and also maintain system reliability. Residential homes consume 38% of the total electric energy in the U.S., making them promising for DR participation. Consumers can be motivated to participate in DR programs by providing incentives (incentive-based DR), or by introducing a time-varying tariff for electricity consumption (price-based DR). A home energy management system (HEMS), an automated system which can alter …
3d Printed Bioreactor With Optimized Stimulations For Ex-Vivo Bone Tissue Culture, Anirban Chakraborty
3d Printed Bioreactor With Optimized Stimulations For Ex-Vivo Bone Tissue Culture, Anirban Chakraborty
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Motivation: Long term tissue survivability ex-vivo can greatly facilitate research on the influence of external stimulus (loading, radiation, microgravity) on the tissue, including mechanisms of disease transmission and subsequent drug discoveries. Bioreactors (used to culture living tissue ex-vivo) can be a valuable tool to study cell activity during physiological processes by mimicking their in-vivo native 3D environment.
Objective Statement: We have developed a compact, 3D printed bioreactor equipped with both continuous flow-perfusion and dynamic mechanical-loading stimulations, capable of maintaining ex-vivo viability of swine cancellous bone cores over a long period. Qualitative study of the cultured cores (in terms of …
Development Of Enhanced Weed Detection System With Adaptive Thresholding, K-Means And Support Vector Machine, Dheeman Saha
Development Of Enhanced Weed Detection System With Adaptive Thresholding, K-Means And Support Vector Machine, Dheeman Saha
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This paper proposes a sophisticated classification process to segment the leaves of carrots from weeds (mostly Chamomile). In the early stages, of the plants’ development, both weeds and carrot leaves are intermixed with each other and have similar color texture. This makes it difficult to identify without the help of the domain experts. Therefore, it is essential to remove the weed regions so that the carrot plants can grow without any interruptions. The process of identifying the weeds become more challenging when both plant and weed regions overlap (inter-leaves). The proposed system addresses this problem by creating a sophisticated means …
Data-Driven Test Cases For Sustainability Assessment Of Smart Grid Initiatives In Organized Electricity Markets, Venkat Durvasulu
Data-Driven Test Cases For Sustainability Assessment Of Smart Grid Initiatives In Organized Electricity Markets, Venkat Durvasulu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The primary aim of this dissertation is to deliver a technique to augment power system test cases with realistic open-source data to represent a deregulated power system. These test cases are intended to be used by power system researchers who require a test case that is capable of performing economic and environmental analysis on a bulk-power level. These test cases are capable of estimating the cost of bulk-energy for economic analysis and harmful greenhouse gas (GHG) and air polluting (AP) emissions for environmental sustainability analysis. These cases are developed for simulations that are intended to be at the transmission level …
A Study On The Comparison Of Sample Location Of Pultruded Composites Exposed To Corrosive Environment, Md Mahmudul Hasan
A Study On The Comparison Of Sample Location Of Pultruded Composites Exposed To Corrosive Environment, Md Mahmudul Hasan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Composite structures may experience different environments during their prolonged service life. These environments may include corrosive, acidic or both or many others that can adversely affect the mechanical properties of the structural composites. Various studies have been done on the environmental effects on the composites but only a few are on structural shaped pultruded composites. More specifically, none of the studies tell anything about the effects of corrosive media on the locations of the structural shaped pultruded composites coupon samples. Hence, this current study focused on two primary objectives, 1) the durability characterization of structural shaped pultruded composites after an …
Use Of Seismic Refraction In Determining Rock Mass Anisotropy, Mohammad Najmush Sakib Oyan
Use Of Seismic Refraction In Determining Rock Mass Anisotropy, Mohammad Najmush Sakib Oyan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Seismic refraction is a popular method used by geological/geotechnical engineers to understand subsurface conditions. This method along with information collected from borings produce a realistic image of the ground beneath us. The goal of this study is to define and test a set of procedures to use seismic refraction alone to create high quality images of subsurface conditions. The focus is on areas with several meters of soil overlain by bedrock. The application of these procedures will minimize construction costs by eliminating the need for multiple boreholes. The results show that two important criteria must be met for successful application …
A Study Of Cooperative Spectrum Sharing Schemes For Internet Of Things Systems, Adham Hagag
A Study Of Cooperative Spectrum Sharing Schemes For Internet Of Things Systems, Adham Hagag
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Internet of Things (IoT) has gained much attention in recent years with the massive increase in the number of connected devices. Cognitive Machine-to-Machine (CM2M) communications is a hot research topic in which a cognitive dimension allows M2M networks to overcome the challenges of spectrum scarcity, interference, and green requirements. In this paper, we propose a Generalized Cooperative Spectrum Sharing (GCSS) scheme for M2M communication. Cooperation extends the coverage of wireless networks as well as increasing their throughput while reducing the energy consumption of the connected low power devices. We study the outage performance of the proposed GCSS scheme for …
High Performance Liquid Crystal Devices For Augmented Reality And Virtual Reality, Md Javed Rouf Talukder
High Performance Liquid Crystal Devices For Augmented Reality And Virtual Reality, Md Javed Rouf Talukder
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
See-through augmented reality and virtual reality displays are emerging due to their widespread applications in education, engineering design, medical, retail, transportation, automotive, aerospace, gaming, and entertainment. For augmented reality and virtual reality displays, high-resolution density, high luminance, fast response time and high ambient contrast ratio are critically needed. High-resolution density helps eliminate the screen-door effect, high luminance and fast response time enable low duty ratio operation, which plays a key role for suppressing image blurs. A dimmer placed in front of AR display helps to control the incident background light, which in turn improves the image contrast. In this dissertation, …
Imaging Through Glass-Air Anderson Localizing Optical Fiber, Jian Zhao
Imaging Through Glass-Air Anderson Localizing Optical Fiber, Jian Zhao
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The fiber-optic imaging system enables imaging deeply into hollow tissue tracts or organs of biological objects in a minimally invasive way, which are inaccessible to conventional microscopy. It is the key technology to visualize biological objects in biomedical research and clinical applications. The fiber-optic imaging system should be able to deliver a high-quality image to resolve the details of cell morphology in vivo and in real time with a miniaturized imaging unit. It also has to be insensitive to environmental perturbations, such as mechanical bending or temperature variations. Besides, both coherent and incoherent light sources should be compatible with the …
Nanoscale Spectroscopy In Energy And Catalytic Applications, Yi Ding
Nanoscale Spectroscopy In Energy And Catalytic Applications, Yi Ding
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Emerging societal challenges such as the need for more sustainable energy and catalysis are requiring more sensitive and versatile measurements at the nanoscale. This is the case in the design and optimization of new materials for energy harvesting (solar cells) and energy storage devices (batteries and capacitors), or for the development of new catalysts for carbon sequestration or other reactions of interest. Hence, the ability to advance spectroscopy with nanoscale spatial resolution and high sensitivity holds great promises to meet the demands of deeper fundamental understanding to boost the development and deployment of nano-based devices for real applications. In this …
The Challenges And Barriers Facing Successful Lean Implementation In The Qatari Manufacturing Organizations, Abdulwahab Alyousef
The Challenges And Barriers Facing Successful Lean Implementation In The Qatari Manufacturing Organizations, Abdulwahab Alyousef
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The success of Toyota, the inventor of Lean Systems has drawn the attention of academics, researchers, and executives in the last decades. However, existing lean research is largely focused on developed economies in Europe, the Americas, and in Southeast Asia with little focus on the Arab world in general and Qatar specifically. There has been an emergence of manufacturing organizations and Small and Medium- sized Enterprises (SME) in Qatar recently which was the focus of this research. Despite the many attempts to implement lean in organizations, there have been a large number of failed attempts. This research aims to study …
Multi-Level Optimization With Pricing Strategy Under Boundedly Rationality User Equilibrium, Guanxiang Yun
Multi-Level Optimization With Pricing Strategy Under Boundedly Rationality User Equilibrium, Guanxiang Yun
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We study multi-level optimization problem on energy system, transportation system and information network. We use the concept of boundedly rational user equilibrium (BRUE) to predict the behaviour of users in systems. By using multi-level optimization method with BRUE, we can help to operate the system work in a more efficient way. Based on the introducing of model with BRUE constraints, it will lead to the uncertainty to the optimization model. We generate the robust optimization as the multi-level optimization model to consider for the pessimistic condition with uncertainty. This dissertation mainly includes four projects. Three of them use the pricing …
Warrants For Right-Turn Flashing Yellow Arrow Signal Phases, Mohammed Alfawzan
Warrants For Right-Turn Flashing Yellow Arrow Signal Phases, Mohammed Alfawzan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The right-turn flashing yellow arrow (FYA) signal phasing is a new signal practice in the United States. The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices MUTCD (2009) allocates a signal phasing section for the right-turn FYA, which requires a four-section head FYA signal. It supports multiple phases' indications that guide the motorist through permissive, protected, and/or permissive/protected phases. For this dissertation, I investigated three permissive right-turn FYA signal phases in various traffic conditions and signal timing circumstances. The first permissive right-turn FYA signal phase is the tight-turn on impeding through (RTOIT) taking place during the cross-street through traffic movement. The second …
Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth Of Large Area 2d Mos2 Layers: Layer Orientation Control, Heterostructure Integration, And Applications For Stretchable Sensors., Md. Ashraful Islam
Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth Of Large Area 2d Mos2 Layers: Layer Orientation Control, Heterostructure Integration, And Applications For Stretchable Sensors., Md. Ashraful Islam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Two-dimensional (2D)-layered MoS2 layers have exhibited a broad set of unusual and superior material properties unattainable in any traditional bulk materials, drawing significant research interests nowadays. For instance, they present excellent semiconducting properties accompanying high carrier mobility and large current ON/OFF ratio as well as extensive in-plane strain limit and thickness, projecting high suitably for emerging flexible and stretchable electronics. Such properties and applications strongly depend on the physical orientation and chemical composition of constituent 2D layers. 2D MoS2 layers chemically grown in two distinct orientations, e.g., horizontal alignment for electronics and optoelectronics, and vertical alignment for electrochemical and sensing …
Novel Solid State Lasers Based On Volume Bragg Gratings, Evan Hale
Novel Solid State Lasers Based On Volume Bragg Gratings, Evan Hale
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since their invention in 1960, lasers have revolutionized modern technology, and tremendous amounts of innovation and development has gone into advancing their properties and efficiencies. This dissertation reports on further innovations by presenting novel solid state laser systems based on the volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) and the newly developed holographic phase mask (HPMs) for brightness enhancement, dual wavelength operation, and mode conversion. First, a new optical element was created by pairing the HPM with two surface gratings creating an achromatic holographic phase mask. This new optical device successfully performed transverse mode conversion of multiple narrow line laser sources operating from …
Context-Centric Affect Recognition From Paralinguistic Features Of Speech, Andreas Marpaung
Context-Centric Affect Recognition From Paralinguistic Features Of Speech, Andreas Marpaung
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As the field of affect recognition has progressed, many researchers have shifted from having unimodal approaches to multimodal ones. In particular, the trends in paralinguistic speech affect recognition domain have been to integrate other modalities such as facial expression, body posture, gait, and linguistic speech. Our work focuses on integrating contextual knowledge into paralinguistic speech affect recognition. We hypothesize that a framework to recognize affect through paralinguistic features of speech can improve its performance by integrating relevant contextual knowledge. This dissertation describes our research to integrate contextual knowledge into the paralinguistic affect recognition process from acoustic features of speech. We …
Development Of Multiport Single Stage Bidirectional Converter For Photovoltaic And Energy Storage Integration, Amit Bhattacharjee
Development Of Multiport Single Stage Bidirectional Converter For Photovoltaic And Energy Storage Integration, Amit Bhattacharjee
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The energy market is on the verge of a paradigm shift as the emergence of renewable energy sources over traditional fossil fuel based energy supply has started to become cost competitive and viable. Unfortunately, most of the attractive renewable sources come with inherent challenges such as: intermittency and unreliability. This is problematic for today's stable, day ahead market based power system. Fortunately, it is well established that energy storage devices can compensate for renewable sources shortcomings. This makes the integration of energy storage with the renewable energy sources, one of the biggest challenges of modern distributed generation solution. This work …
High-Dynamic-Range Foveated Near-Eye Display System, Guanjun Tan
High-Dynamic-Range Foveated Near-Eye Display System, Guanjun Tan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Wearable near-eye display has found widespread applications in education, gaming, entertainment, engineering, military training, and healthcare, just to name a few. However, the visual experience provided by current near-eye displays still falls short to what we can perceive in the real world. Three major challenges remain to be overcome: 1) limited dynamic range in display brightness and contrast, 2) inadequate angular resolution, and 3) vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC) issue. This dissertation is devoted to addressing these three critical issues from both display panel development and optical system design viewpoints. A high-dynamic-range (HDR) display requires both high peak brightness and excellent dark …
Safe And Efficient Intelligent Intersection Control Of Autonomous Vehicles, Qiang Lu
Safe And Efficient Intelligent Intersection Control Of Autonomous Vehicles, Qiang Lu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this dissertation, we address a problem of safe and efficient intersection crossing traffic management of autonomous and connected ground traffic. Toward this objective, we propose several algorithms to handle different traffic environments. First, an algorithm that is called the Discrete-time occupancies trajectory (DTOT) based Intersection traffic Coordination Algorithm (DICA) is proposed. All vehicles in the system are Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) and capable of wireless Vehicle-to-Intersection communication. The main advantage of DICA is that it enables us to utilize the intersection space more efficiently resulting in less delay for vehicles to cross the intersection. In the proposed framework, …
Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antennas With Bandwidth Enhancement For High Gain, Beam-Steering Applications, Michael Trampler
Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antennas With Bandwidth Enhancement For High Gain, Beam-Steering Applications, Michael Trampler
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Reconfigurable reflectarrays are a class of antennas that combine the advantages of traditional parabolic antennas and phased array antennas. Chapter 1 discusses the basic operational theory of reflectarrays and their design. A review of previous research and the current status is also presented. Furthermore the inherent advantages and disadvantages of the reflectarray topography are presented. In chapter 2, a BST-integrated reflectarray operating at Ka band is presented. Due to the monolithic integration of the tuning element, this design is then extended to V band where a novel interdigital gap configuration is utilized. Finally to overcome loss and phase limitations of …