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Articles 961 - 990 of 1237
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
2-D And 3-D Assessment Of Cambered And Symmetric Airfoils: A Cfd Study, Tuncay Kamas
2-D And 3-D Assessment Of Cambered And Symmetric Airfoils: A Cfd Study, Tuncay Kamas
All Theses
A two dimensional and three dimensional computational study has been carried out respectively regarding aerodynamic forces affecting a symmetric airfoil, NACA0015 and a cambered airfoil, NACA2414. The negative lift (down force) and drag forces were predicted through the simulation of airflows over inverted rear-wings in different configurations namely; varying incidences i.e. angles of attack of the airfoils, two dimensional cross section of the inverted rear wings to be mounted on back of a car, and varying speeds of initial airflow.
The downforce increases as the angle of attack increases however, if an inverted rear wing is fixed on a car …
Neomycin Enhances Glutaraldehyde Crosslinking And Glycosaminoglycan Stability In Bioprosthetic Heart Valves, Vincent Friebe
Neomycin Enhances Glutaraldehyde Crosslinking And Glycosaminoglycan Stability In Bioprosthetic Heart Valves, Vincent Friebe
All Theses
The native heart valve will open and close an astonishing 3 billion times in the average lifetime, implicating immense biomechanical ramifications that necessitate near-flawless structure and functional behavior. Deviations from this idyllic function as a result of heart valve disease (HVD) affect millions of individuals worldwide and result in over 275,000 heart valve replacements worldwide every year. Glutaraldehyde (GLUT) cross-linked porcine aortic heart valves, a common type of bioprosthetic heart valve (BHV), are used frequently in these valve replacement surgeries. The native valve leaflets entail a tri-composite design of type I collagen, elastin and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), each of which are …
Principal Component Thermography For Steady Thermal Perturbation Scenarios, Rohit Parvataneni
Principal Component Thermography For Steady Thermal Perturbation Scenarios, Rohit Parvataneni
All Theses
The work focuses on the qualitative enhancement of Thermographic Inspection data using Principal Component Analysis technique. A new processing tool named Economical Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is proposed for analyzing the infrared image sequences acquired from the test specimen.
Experiments are carried out on test sample using thermal excitation modalities such as flash, halogen and induction to create temperature variations. The infrared (IR) image sequence containing the information about the sample is captured using IR cameras. The acquired IR image sequences are processed using the proposed Economical SVD which projects the matrix of raw pixel values of image sequence into …
Experimental Characterization Of Stress Relaxation In Glass, Hemanth Kadali
Experimental Characterization Of Stress Relaxation In Glass, Hemanth Kadali
All Theses
Glass viscoelasticity has gained importance in recent years as glass lens molding appeared as a valuable alternative to the traditional grinding and polishing process for manufacturing glass lenses. In the precision lens molding process, knowledge of viscoelastic properties of glass in the transition region, which affect the stress relaxation behavior, is required to precisely predict the final size and shape of molded lenses. The purpose of this study is to establish a step-by-step procedure for characterizing the viscoelastic behavior of glass in the glass transition region using a finite term Prony series of a Generalized Maxwell model. This study focuses …
Interactive Perception For Cluttered Environments, Robert Willimon
Interactive Perception For Cluttered Environments, Robert Willimon
All Theses
Robotics research tends to focus upon either non-contact sensing or machine manipulation, but not both. This paper explores the benefits of combining the two by addressing the problem of extracting and classifying unknown objects within a cluttered environment, such as found in recycling and service robot applications. In the proposed approach, a pile of objects lies on a flat background, and the goal of the robot is to sift through the pile and classify each object so that it can be studied further. One object should be removed at a time with minimal disturbance to the other objects. We propose …
Comparing Problem-Based Learning And Lecture As Methods To Teach Whole-Systems Design To Engineering Students, Michael Dukes
Comparing Problem-Based Learning And Lecture As Methods To Teach Whole-Systems Design To Engineering Students, Michael Dukes
All Theses
The objective of this research is to compare problem-based learning and lecture as methods to teach whole-systems design to engineering students. A case study, Appendix A, exemplifying successful whole-systems design was developed and written by the author in partnership with the Rocky Mountain Institute. Concepts to be tested were then determined, and a questionnaire was developed to test students' preconceptions. A control group of students was taught using traditional lecture methods, and a sample group of students was taught using problem-based learning methods. After several weeks, the students were given the same questionnaire as prior to the instruction, and the …
Charging Kinetics Of Electric Double Layer Capacitors, Clint Cagle
Charging Kinetics Of Electric Double Layer Capacitors, Clint Cagle
All Theses
A recent increase in the popularity of EDLCs and AC-EOF has necessitated a deeper understanding of the structure and charging kinetics of electrical double layers (EDLs) at electrode-electrolyte interfaces. Here, the charging kinetics of EDLs in nanoscale EDLCs is studied by a circuit model, a Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) mo del, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results of the MD simulations demonstrate a linear charging behavior of EDLs near planar electrodes for both aqueous and organic electrolytes at charging below 90% and time larger than tens of picoseconds. Additionally, we will show that the circuit and PNP models are capable of …
Investigation Of The Thermoelectric Behavior And Structure Formation Of (Pbte/Agsbte2)-Silver Chalcogenide Mixtures, Yisha Wang
All Theses
Sustainable energy research is currently on the forefront of scientific exploration and energy conservation and the development of new energy production techniques are both crucial for our long lasting stable future. Accordingly, thermoelectric materials will be a significant energy conservation and production source. The state-of -the-art thermoelectric materials can be used to collect the wasted heat and converted to power, which is the future for the green power generation.
PbTe is considered a state-of-the-art thermoelectric material, which has been extensively studied. It forms in the NaCl structure and it is a semiconductor with a room temperature gap value of 0.29 …
Filtering Noise Caused By Sensor Selection For An Ultra-Wide Band Position Tracking System, Danyan Ganjali
Filtering Noise Caused By Sensor Selection For An Ultra-Wide Band Position Tracking System, Danyan Ganjali
All Theses
A filter designed to be optimal for alternating multi-sensor tracking systems is presented. This filter can be used on ultra-wide band position tracking systems such as the Ubisense system. In this thesis, a comprehensive evaluation of the accuracy of the Ubisense tracking system in a multi-room building is given. Then the multi-modality of the noise distribution of such a system is shown. A multi-sensor tracking system is then simulated and a Kalman filter is used to filter the measurements. It is shown that the Kalman filter is not optimal for such a system and the need for a filter that …
Design And Analysis Of Alternating Spoke Pair Concepts For A Non-Pneumatic Tire With Reduced Vibration At High Speed Rolling, Shashank Bezgam
Design And Analysis Of Alternating Spoke Pair Concepts For A Non-Pneumatic Tire With Reduced Vibration At High Speed Rolling, Shashank Bezgam
All Theses
Recently, Michelin has invented an innovative non-pneumatic tire which has potential for improved handling, grip, comfort, and less rolling resistance when compared to a traditional pneumatic tire. The non-pneumatic wheel is manufactured from a molding process with integrated shear ring and collapsible spokes designed to provide optimal uniform ground contact patch with low rolling resistance. The shear band is constructed from a polyurethane material with imbedded inextensible reinforcements. During high speed rolling in initial testing, the original prototype showed high noise levels at frequencies above 100 Hz. A possible source of noise could be due to vibration initiated from the …
Robust Parameter Design And Finite Element Analysis For A Non-Pneumatic Tire With Low Vibration, Amarnath Proddaturi
Robust Parameter Design And Finite Element Analysis For A Non-Pneumatic Tire With Low Vibration, Amarnath Proddaturi
All Theses
During rolling of a non-pneumatic tire, vibration may be produced by the interaction of collapsible spokes with a shear deformable ring as they enter the contact region, buckle and then snap back into a state of tension. Other potential sources of vibration include the interaction of tire tread with the ground and ring vibration. In the present work, a systematic study of the effects of key geometric design parameters is presented using Taguchi's Robust Parameter Design Method and Orthogonal Arrays.
In the present work, a 2D planar finite element model with geometric non-linearity and explicit time-stepping is used to simulate …
Vehicle-Infrastructure Integration (Vii) Enabled Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (Phevs) For Traffic And Energy Management, Xueying Kang
Vehicle-Infrastructure Integration (Vii) Enabled Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (Phevs) For Traffic And Energy Management, Xueying Kang
All Theses
Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII) program (also known as IntelliDrive) has proven the potential to improve transportation conditions by enabling the communication between vehicles and infrastructure, which provides a wide range of applications in transportation safety and mobility. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) that utilize both electrical and gasoline energy are a commercially viable technology with potential to contribute to both sustainable development and environmental conservation through increased fuel economy and reduced emissions. Considering positive potentials of PHEVs and VII in ITS, a framework that integrates PHEVs with VII technology was created in this research utilizing vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications for …
Monitoring Co Concentration In Fuel Cells Using Microcantilever Sensors, Tugba Demir
Monitoring Co Concentration In Fuel Cells Using Microcantilever Sensors, Tugba Demir
All Theses
Estimating the concentration of gases including carbon monoxide (CO) in the hydrogen fuel exiting the reformer and entering the fuel cell is imperative. A high concentration of CO can cause fuel-cell catalyst poisoning, which permanently destroys the cell. Current practices call for utilizing expensive and bulky spectral analyzers to achieve this task. In addition to their high cost, these methodologies, undoubtedly, hinder the portability and self-containment of the cell. To overcome these problems and achieve the desired objectives of a portable, self-contained, and real-time measurement module, this thesis presents and experimentally investigates a new enabling technology based on utilizing an …
Relationships Between Lane Change Performance And Open-Loop Handling Metrics, Robert Powell
Relationships Between Lane Change Performance And Open-Loop Handling Metrics, Robert Powell
All Theses
This work deals with the question of relating open-loop handling metrics to driver-in-the-loop performance (closed-loop). The goal is to allow manufacturers to reduce cost and time associated with vehicle handling development. A vehicle model was built in the CarSim environment using kinematics and compliance, geometrical, and flat track tire data. This model was then compared and validated to testing done at Michelin's Laurens Proving Grounds using open-loop handling metrics. The open-loop tests conducted for model validation were an understeer test and swept sine or random steer test. Four commonly used handling metrics (steady state yaw rate gain, yaw rate damping …
Friction Stir Welding Process And Material Microstructure Evolution Modeling In 2000 And 5000 Series Of Aluminum Alloys, Harshavardhan Yalavarthy
Friction Stir Welding Process And Material Microstructure Evolution Modeling In 2000 And 5000 Series Of Aluminum Alloys, Harshavardhan Yalavarthy
All Theses
Interactions between the rotating and advancing pin-shaped tool (terminated at one end with a circular-cylindrical shoulder) with the clamped welding-plates and the associated material and heat transport during a Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process are studied computationally using a fully-coupled thermo-mechanical finite-element analysis. To surmount potential numerical problems associated with extensive mesh distortions/entanglement, an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation was used which enabled adaptive re-meshing (to ensure the continuing presence of a high-quality mesh) while allowing full tracking of the material free surfaces. To demonstrate the utility of the present computational approach, the analysis is applied to the cases of …
Evaluation Of An Online Intelligent Transportation System (Its) Asset Management System, Tahera Anjuman
Evaluation Of An Online Intelligent Transportation System (Its) Asset Management System, Tahera Anjuman
All Theses
Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) enhances the performance of modern transportation systems by improving the reliability of travel times and reducing the risk of collisions and injuries. Recently, many public agencies have expressed a need for an ITS asset management system that will effectively and efficiently meet their requirements of managing associated resources, which often includes technologically sophisticated devices, computer hardware and software, and communications infrastructure. To address this need, the author evaluated different asset management systems for their potential efficacy to support public agencies requirements for an ITS asset management system. These requirements were identified through a nationwide survey of …
Straight Line Braking Performance Of A Road Vehicle With Non Linear Tire Stiffness Formulation, Anup Khekare
Straight Line Braking Performance Of A Road Vehicle With Non Linear Tire Stiffness Formulation, Anup Khekare
All Theses
The capability of a road vehicle equipped with an Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) to come to a safe stop depends on factors such as dynamic force between tire and road, surface adhesion coefficient, and the vertical profile of the road. When in panic, a driver's reaction is to step hard on the brakes to make the vehicle stop as soon as possible. Although the use of modern technologies such as ABS and Electronic Stability Control (ESC) have reduced the number of accidents significantly, any further improvement in stopping distance would only complement these technologies.
Michelin has undertaken the development of …
Biological Treatment To Remove Color And Toxicity Of Effluent From The Manufacturing Of Navipol Yellow Gr, Larry French
Biological Treatment To Remove Color And Toxicity Of Effluent From The Manufacturing Of Navipol Yellow Gr, Larry French
All Theses
Navipol Yellow GR is an organic solvent azo dye manufactured by Sunbelt Corp. in Rock Hill, SC. The effluent generated from the manufacturing of this dye is highly colored, toxic, and contains trace solvents consisting of mixed xylene isomers and ethyl benzene. Traditional wastewater treatment systems are unable to remove the color and toxicity from the effluent. This study investigated using a sequential anaerobic / aerobic treatment system to decrease color and toxicity of the dye effluent. The anaerobic phase used bacteria cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, or Enterobacter aerogenes to decrease the color of the dye. …
Mechanical And Chemical Characterization Of Biological Composite Structures, Bonnie Zimmerman
Mechanical And Chemical Characterization Of Biological Composite Structures, Bonnie Zimmerman
All Theses
A better understanding of the bioresponse of naturally occurring systems will help
to optimize the engineering of synthetic biomaterials. The aim of this thesis was to
characterize the mechanical and chemical behavior of two distinct biological composite
systems, human teeth and wool fibers. These mechanical and chemical properties were
also studied as a function of natural structure and environmental conditions.
Human teeth are composite systems consisting primarily of hydroxylapatite and
protein. This project investigated how the use of clinical dental treatments and
procedures, such as whitening and etching, affects mechanical properties. Analysis of
nanoindentation with the Oliver-Pharr model provided elastic …
Electrodeposition Of Nanocrystalline Ni-Based Alloys, Hanseung Park
Electrodeposition Of Nanocrystalline Ni-Based Alloys, Hanseung Park
All Theses
Nanocrystalline materials can often process superior properties, but they are generally unstable against grain growth. Addition of a dopant can stabilize nanocrystalline alloys by decreasing the excess grain boundary energy as the thermodynamic driving force for grain growth and reducing grain boundary mobility via a kinetic effect of solute drag. In this thesis study, eight Ni-based alloys (Ni-W, Ni-P, Ni-Mo, Ni-Cu, Ni-B, Ni-Mg, Ni-Zn and Ni-Co) and pure Ni were made using an electrodeposition method. It is concluded that the use of different dopant can drastically affect the deposition mechanism as well as the morphology of resultant films. Ni-W and …
Effects Of Meeting Spaces On The Performance Of A Concept Selection Task By Engineering Design Teams, Necmettin Ozkan
Effects Of Meeting Spaces On The Performance Of A Concept Selection Task By Engineering Design Teams, Necmettin Ozkan
All Theses
Given the increasing importance of collaboration and the resulting use of virtual tools, this research investigates the performance of engineering design teams using a concept selection task in three meeting spaces, face-to-face, 2D online and 3D virtual. Cisco's WebEx and Sun Microsystems' Wonderland were used as the 2D online meeting space and the 3D virtual environment, respectively. Twenty-four two-person design teams were formed and randomly assigned to the meeting spaces. Eight teams performed a cell-phone concept selection task in each meeting space. Four dependent variables were measured: task completion time, team satisfaction, self-evaluated quality and expert-evaluated quality. Following data collection, …
The Effect Of Bio-Based Materials On Quality And Shelf Life Of Celery, Chike Ifezue
The Effect Of Bio-Based Materials On Quality And Shelf Life Of Celery, Chike Ifezue
All Theses
Bio-based materials have garnered increasing interest as food packaging
materials because they are derived from renewable resources such
as corn starch, cellulose and sugar beet. These materials do have the disadvantage
of having
poor mechanical performance compared to non-bio based materials and their
effect on quality and shelf life of some produce is unknown.
This research studied the effect of three bio-based materials on quality
and self life of celery. Materials consist of biopolymer films and LDPE
film. The variable materials were: Polylactic Acid (PLA), a versatile
biodegradable aliphatic polyester derived from 100% renewable resources,
Ecoflex, a biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, …
Estimation Of Maximum Achievable End-To-End Throughput In Ieee 802.11 Based Wireless Mesh Networks, Gayatri Venkatesh
Estimation Of Maximum Achievable End-To-End Throughput In Ieee 802.11 Based Wireless Mesh Networks, Gayatri Venkatesh
All Theses
Wireless mesh networks can be quickly deployed in various situations to provide temporary to permanent wireless network coverage. To assess the feasibility and reliability of a given end-to-end communication need, it is essential for communication end points to accurately estimate their achievable end-to-end throughput. Several capacity, end-to-end throughput, and available bandwidth estimation techniques have been studied in the past for wired and wireless networks. The contention among wireless nodes arising due to the IEEE 802.11 medium access control protocol's channel access mechanism renders the estimation of such network attributes challenging in multi-hop networks. This thesis evaluates Adhoc Probe, one state-of-the-art …
Characterization And Enhancement Of Sensing Properties Of Piezoelectric Materials With Applications To Vibration Suppression, Siddharth Aphale
Characterization And Enhancement Of Sensing Properties Of Piezoelectric Materials With Applications To Vibration Suppression, Siddharth Aphale
All Theses
This thesis undertakes the study of piezoelectric properties of polymer-based fabric and film sensors. An enhancement in piezoelectric properties of such sensors, as noted through earlier work, is observed with increasing weight ratios of nanomaterials dispersed in the polymer matrix. A comprehensive mathematical model using cantilever beams is developed to analyze this enhancement both qualitatively and quantitatively. An experimental setup is also developed to implement the proposed real time signal processing necessary to collect required data towards the characterization. In order to distinguish piezoelectric materials from other materials, study of the frequency response of developed fabric sensors to periodic chirp …
On The Modeling Of Energy Harvesters And Analysis Of Their Response Under Time-Varying Frequency Excitations, Thiago Seuaciuc-Osorio
On The Modeling Of Energy Harvesters And Analysis Of Their Response Under Time-Varying Frequency Excitations, Thiago Seuaciuc-Osorio
All Theses
Energy harvesting is a process by which otherwise wasted ambient energy can be captured and transformed into a useful form. Historical examples of this concept include windmills, sailing ships, and waterwheels. Modern technologies and current energy needs have brought this same concept to a smaller scale wherein small wireless devices with minute energy consumption can be operated autonomously. Today, many critical electronic devices, such as health-monitoring sensors, pace makers, spinal stimulators, electric pain relievers, etc. require minimal amounts of power to function, which permits utilizing energy from their environment to power them. By exploiting the ability of active materials and …
Hierarchical Bayesian Cortical Models: Analysis And Acceleration On Multicore Architectures, Pavan Yalamanchili
Hierarchical Bayesian Cortical Models: Analysis And Acceleration On Multicore Architectures, Pavan Yalamanchili
All Theses
There is a significant interest in the research community to develop large scale,
high performance implementations of neuromorphic models. These have the potential to
provide significantly stronger information processing capabilities than current computing
algorithms. This thesis examines the parallelization of two recent biologically inspired
hierarchical Bayesian cortical models onto recent multicore architectures. These models
have been developed recently based on new insights from neuroscience and have several
advantages over traditional neural networks. In particular, they need far fewer network
nodes to simulate a large scale cortical model than traditional neural networks, making
them computationally more efficient. This is the first …
Use Of Orthogonal Arrays For Efficient Evaluation Of Geometric Designs For Reducing Vibration Of A Non-Pneumatic Wheel During High-Speed Rolling, William Rutherford
Use Of Orthogonal Arrays For Efficient Evaluation Of Geometric Designs For Reducing Vibration Of A Non-Pneumatic Wheel During High-Speed Rolling, William Rutherford
All Theses
During high speed rolling of a non-pneumatic wheel, vibration may be produced by the interaction of collapsible spokes with a shear deformable ring as they enter the contact region, buckle and then snap back into a state of tension. In the present work, a 2D planar finite element model with geometric nonlinearity and explicit time-stepping is used to simulate rolling of the non-pneumatic wheel. Vibration characteristics are measured from the FFT frequency spectrum of the time-signals of perpendicular distance of marker nodes from the virtual plane of the spoke, thickness change in the ring between spokes, and ground reaction forces. …
Development Of A Rigid Ring Tire Model And Comparison Among Various Tire Models For Ride Comfort Simulations, Norm Frey
All Theses
One vehicle subassembly that is of great importance to automobile manufacturers for tuning final vehicle performance is the pneumatic tire. Pneumatic tires present themselves as unique tuning tools as they 1) are the sole link between the roadway surface and the integrated vehicle suspension, chassis and steering systems, and 2) provide a wide range of tunability over many vehicle performances, including handling (steering feel as well as chassis dynamics), traction (braking, driving, and cornering), and ride comfort (roadway isolation). Therefore the vehicle manufacturing industry continues to research and refine various aspects of tire modeling to improve up-front integrated tire/vehicle CAE/CAD …
Implementation Of Genetic Algorithms In Fpga-Based Reconfigurable Computing Systems, Nahid Alam
Implementation Of Genetic Algorithms In Fpga-Based Reconfigurable Computing Systems, Nahid Alam
All Theses
Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are used to solve many optimization problems in science and engineering. GA is a heuristics approach which relies largely on random numbers to determine the approximate solution of an optimization problem. We use the Mersenne Twister Algorithm (MTA) to generate a non-overlapping sequence of random numbers with a period of 219937-1. The random numbers are generated from a state vector that consists of 624 elements. Our work on state vector generation and the GA implementation targets the solution of a flow-line scheduling problem where the flow-lines have jobs to process and the goal is to find a …
Synthesis Of Optimal Usage Of Available Aggregates In Highway Construction And Maintenance, Benjamin Skidmore
Synthesis Of Optimal Usage Of Available Aggregates In Highway Construction And Maintenance, Benjamin Skidmore
All Theses
The optimization of the available aggregates for highway construction and maintenance is vital both from an economic and environmental perspective. By not optimizing the aggregate supply project costs escalate as a simple response to supply and demand, and just as important the fact that aggregate is a natural resource and a limited one, it is crucial that is used as efficiently as possible. This paper examines specifically the use of aggregates by the South Carolina Department of Transportation, but can easily be adapted to any state. Through DOT and quarry surveys and an examination of aggregate gradation specifications it was …