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Articles 811 - 840 of 1237
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
A Quantitative, Technology Independent, Fidelity Metric For Evaluating Bioprinted Patterned Co-Cultures, Matthew Pepper
A Quantitative, Technology Independent, Fidelity Metric For Evaluating Bioprinted Patterned Co-Cultures, Matthew Pepper
All Theses
The study of cell-cell interactions is crucial in the understanding of cell behaviors such as tumor genesis, proliferation, migration, metastasis, and apoptosis. To break down the complex web of signals in vivo, researchers must replicate some parts of this environment with in vitro tissue test systems, composed of multiple cell types arranged close enough to communicate with their neighbors, i.e. high-resolution co-culture patterns. The field of bioprinting is specifically focused on creating co-culture patterns for the purposes of cell studies, but the sample resolutions of most bioprinting systems are still too coarse to permit cell communication. No way currently exists …
Wave Reflection Characteristics Of Permeable And Impermeable Submerged Trapezoidal Breakwaters, Mathew Hornack
Wave Reflection Characteristics Of Permeable And Impermeable Submerged Trapezoidal Breakwaters, Mathew Hornack
All Theses
The present study aims to quantify reflection coefficients in the vicinity of impermeable and permeable submerged trapezoidal breakwaters. Three impermeable breakwater models are tested, each with a unique side slope for the breakwater faces. Two permeable models are tested, one made of PVC pipe and the other consisting of golf balls contained within a mesh cage, to provide two separate porosities. Testing is carried out at the Clemson University Flow Physics Laboratory in a laboratory wave tank with the inclusion of a 1:20 sloping sandy beach to simulate natural environmental conditions. Wave elevations are collected during experiments by two capacitance …
Joule Heating Effects On Electrokinetic Transport In Constriction Microchannels, Sriram Sridharan
Joule Heating Effects On Electrokinetic Transport In Constriction Microchannels, Sriram Sridharan
All Theses
Microfluidic technology involving multidisciplinary studies including MEMS, chemistry, physics, fluids and heat transfer has been developed into a promising research field in the recent decade. If offers many advantages over conventional laboratory techniques like reduced reagent consumption, faster analysis, easy fabrication and low chemical waste. Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip devices have been used to manipulate cells and particles like sorting, separating, trapping, mixing and lysing. Microfluidic manipulation can be achieved through many methods and insulator based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) is one of the highly used method in the recent years. In iDEP, both DC and AC voltages can be applied to the remote …
Impact Of High-Speed Inkjet On Digital Printing And Traditional Offset Lithography, Caroline Sellars
Impact Of High-Speed Inkjet On Digital Printing And Traditional Offset Lithography, Caroline Sellars
All Theses
This thesis was prepared in order to examine the impact of high-speed inkjet printing on the offset lithography market within the commercial printing and publishing segments. Digital printing has become more widespread in recent years, but high-speed inkjet is making advances in its capabilities and technologies. With the printing industry evolving and print consumers preferring shorter print runs and in a shorter amount of time, print technologies are evolving to meet these needs. Print-on-demand is growing tremendously in the publishing industry, and personalization and 1-to-1 marketing is growing in the commercial printing segment as well. Market demand is changing in …
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Response To Gold Nanoparticles, William Mcallister
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Response To Gold Nanoparticles, William Mcallister
All Theses
In this master's thesis we look at elucidating the interactions between nanoparticles and cells. Specifically, we looked at how the cell mechanics are affected, cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles, and shifts in cell phenotypes. There has been much research looking into whether nanoparticles are cytotoxic, but limited amounts looking at their effect on mechanics especially with vascular smooth muscle cells. This cell type has two distinct phenotypes of synthetic and contractile that each serve different purposes physiologically.
The first experiments we did were cytotoxicity assays to see if the cells could survive the treatment with nanoparticles. If the cells died within …
Towards Securing Virtualization Using A Reconfigurable Platform, Tushar Janefalkar
Towards Securing Virtualization Using A Reconfigurable Platform, Tushar Janefalkar
All Theses
Virtualization is no longer limited to main stream processors and servers. Virtualization software for General Purpose Processors (GPP) that allow one Operating System (OS) to run as an application in another OS have become commonplace. To exploit the full potential of the available hardware, virtualization is now prevalent across all systems big and small. Besides GPPs, state-of-the-art embedded processors are now capable of running rich operating systems and their virtualization is now a hot topic of research. However, this technological progress also opens doors for attackers to snoop on data that is not only confined to storage servers but also …
Connective Complexity Methods For Analysis And Prediction In Engineering Design, James Mathieson
Connective Complexity Methods For Analysis And Prediction In Engineering Design, James Mathieson
All Theses
Complexity is an aspect of engineering design that is often addressed directly with the principle that 'designs should be simple'. However, such a principle fails to offer an effective means of quantifying the complexity of a given design for comparison and decision making. The measurement of complexity within a specific representations and domains has been well established. However, such measurements are inherently limited in their applicability and not always clear in their implications. This research presents a method of measuring complexity from different engineering representations in a consistent manner and explores the application of these measures.
The development of a …
Unified Point-Edgelet Feature Tracking, Kalaivani Sundararajan
Unified Point-Edgelet Feature Tracking, Kalaivani Sundararajan
All Theses
Feature tracking algorithms have conventionally tracked `corner' features or windows with high spatial frequency content. However, this conventional point feature representation of scenes would be inappropriate for poorly textured image sequences like indoor image sequences. To overcome this problem, we propose a feature tracking algorithm which tracks point features and edgelets
simultaneously. Edgelets are straight line approximations of intensity edges in an image. Hence, a combination of point features and edgelets provides a better representation of untextured sequences with the point features and edgelets complementing each other. We show that this property results in more robust tracking.
Tracking edgelets is …
Strengthening The Anonymity Of Anonymous Communication Systems, Christopher Abbott
Strengthening The Anonymity Of Anonymous Communication Systems, Christopher Abbott
All Theses
In this work, we examine why a popular anonymity network, Tor, is vulnerable to timing side-channel attacks. We explore removing this vulnerability from Tor without sacrificing its low-latency which is important for usability.
We find that Tor is vulnerable because inter-packet delays propagate along the network path from the source to the destination. This provides an easily detected signature. We explore techniques for making the timing signature either expensive or impossible to detect.
If each packet took a unique, disjoint path from source to destination the inter-packet delay signature would be undetectable. Jitter and latency would change packet arrival orders. …
Integrating Phase Change Materials In Building Materials: Experimentation, Characterization And Numerical Simulation, Esvar Subramanian
Integrating Phase Change Materials In Building Materials: Experimentation, Characterization And Numerical Simulation, Esvar Subramanian
All Theses
Phase Change Materials (PCM) have many commercial applications, including in buildings to reduce cooling and heating loads. However, the lack of research has prevented their use as a common building material. This research is part of a larger project that aims at developing a set of practical design guidelines for integrating PCM in buildings. A review of and classification of common PCM available on the market is provided. The thesis then focuses on the experimental characterization of the thermo-physical properties of PCM-integrated building materials and the development of a numerical model for the thermal analysis of buildings with PCM. Different …
Finite Element Analysis Prediction Of Stresses In H.L. Hunley Submarine By Global-To-Local Model Coordination, Aditya Sai Nag Choragudi
Finite Element Analysis Prediction Of Stresses In H.L. Hunley Submarine By Global-To-Local Model Coordination, Aditya Sai Nag Choragudi
All Theses
H.L Hunley was a submarine of the Confederate States of America that participated in the American Civil War. On February 17, 1864, H.L.Hunley created history by becoming the first submarine to sink a enemy ship after its attack on USS Houstanic. After Hunley never returned to the shore and the details of its wreck were unknown. On August 8, 2000, H. L Hunley was brought to the surface after 136 years of its wreckage. The submarine is currently at the Warren Lasch Conservation Center located in Charleston.
This study focuses on the structural analysis of the H.L Hunley submarine to …
Eeg Data Analysis, Feature Extraction And Classifiers, Jing Zhou
Eeg Data Analysis, Feature Extraction And Classifiers, Jing Zhou
All Theses
Epileptiform transients (ETs) are an important kind of EEG signal. They have various morphologies and can be difficult to detect. This thesis describes several approaches to detecting and classifying epileptiform transients (ETs), including Bayesian classification (with Gaussian Assumption), artificial neural networks (Backpropagation FeedForward Network) and k-NNR. Various features were extracted, including the shape, frequency domain and wavelet transform coefficients. The long term goal of this research is to determine the required size of a dataset to obtain clinically significant machine classification results. The immediate goal is to identify a reasonable feature set which can achieve acceptable classification performance with reasonable …
Implementing Transparent Compression And Leveraging Solid State Disks In A High Performance Parallel File System, David Bonnie
Implementing Transparent Compression And Leveraging Solid State Disks In A High Performance Parallel File System, David Bonnie
All Theses
In recent years computers have been increasing in compute density and speed at a dramatic pace. This increase allows for massively parallel programs to run faster than ever before. Unfortunately, many such programs are being held back by the relatively slow I/O subsystems that they are forced to work with. Storage technology simply has not followed the same curve of progression in the computing world. Because the storage systems are so slow in comparison the processors are forced to idle while waiting for data; a potentially performance crippling condition.
This performance disparity is lessened by the advent of parallel file …
Multi-Scale Modeling Of The Fontan Circulation Using A Mock Circulatory System, John Chiulli
Multi-Scale Modeling Of The Fontan Circulation Using A Mock Circulatory System, John Chiulli
All Theses
The Fontan circulation is the result of a series of operations performed to save the lives of children born with univentricular circulations. The Fontan procedure achieves venous return to the pulmonary circulation without a ventricular power source. The load on the heart is reduced to normal, and these patients can lead a normal life into adulthood, although late complications continue to prevent normal lifespan. A unique feature of the Fontan circulation is the dependency of inferior vena cava flow on respiration. The Fontan circulation has been modeled experimentally using an adjustable mock circulatory system, which for the first time includes …
Predictive Modeling Of Wind Turbine Blades, Kendra Van Buren
Predictive Modeling Of Wind Turbine Blades, Kendra Van Buren
All Theses
Wind turbine blades are being produced at a larger scale in order to meet demands from the burgeoning U.S. wind energy industry, and are forecasted to only grow larger for off-shore applications. Modeling and Simulation (M&S) provides a cost and time efficient alternative when studying the structural behavior of blades such as for loading conditions that are too difficult to replicate in laboratory conditions, and for various severity of damage in wind turbine blades. For this reason, M&S will continue to play an indispensible role in understanding the behavior of wind turbine blades and is gradually replacing the traditional test, …
Effect Of Selected Parameters On Aggregate Reactivity In Accelerated Mortar Bar Test Method: Aggregate Size & Deicers, Sujay Math
All Theses
Abstract
Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) is a chemical reaction between reactive siliceous aggregates and the alkali hydroxides present in the pore solution of hydrated cement paste in concrete. The chemical reaction produces ASR gel that is hygroscopic in nature and is volumetrically unstable in the presence of moisture. Expansion resulting from the swelling of the gel creates tensile stresses in the concrete leading to cracking and distress.
While ASR distress has been known to occur in concrete for over last 70 years, there has been an increase in the frequency of this distress in recent years. This is primarily due …
Pose Estimation For Robotic Disassembly Using Ransac With Line Features, Shyam Sundar Aswadha Narayanan
Pose Estimation For Robotic Disassembly Using Ransac With Line Features, Shyam Sundar Aswadha Narayanan
All Theses
In this thesis, a new technique to recognize and estimate the pose of a given 3-D object from a single real image provided known prior knowledge of its approximate structure is proposed. Metrics to evaluate the correctness of a calculated pose are presented and analyzed. The traditional and the more recent approaches used in solving this problem are explored and the various methodologies adopted are discussed.
The first step in disassembling a given assembly from its image is to recognize the attitude and translation of each of its constituent components - a fundamental problem which is being addressed in this …
Scalable Capability-Based Authorization For High-Performance Parallel File Systems, Nicholas Mills
Scalable Capability-Based Authorization For High-Performance Parallel File Systems, Nicholas Mills
All Theses
As the size and scale of supercomputers continues to increase at an
exponential rate the number of users on a given supercomputer will
only grow larger. A larger number of users on a supercomputer places a
greater importance on the strength of information security. Nowhere is
this requirement for security more apparent than the file system, as
users expect their data to be protected from accidental or deliberate
modification.
In spite of the ever-increasing demand for more secure file system
access the majority of parallel file systems do not implement a robust
security protocol for fear it will negatively impact …
Parametric Amplification In The Context Of Vibratory Energy Harvesting, Roger Bode
Parametric Amplification In The Context Of Vibratory Energy Harvesting, Roger Bode
All Theses
Using a vibratory energy harvester (VEH) to independently power a sensor has become an increasingly popular topic due to the small amount of power current sensors require to operate. This can be achieved by scavenging energy from the ambient environment where the sensor is located. Numerous linear and nonlinear energy harvesters have been proposed in order to deal with various vibratory environments, along with improving the power production and/or bandwidth of the device.
In this thesis, we propose a technique to harvest energy from excitation sources that possess two frequency components: a fundamental component with large energy content, and a …
Requirements Determination Of A Novel Non-Pneumatic Wheel Shear Beam For Low Rolling Resistance, Niranjan Thyagaraja
Requirements Determination Of A Novel Non-Pneumatic Wheel Shear Beam For Low Rolling Resistance, Niranjan Thyagaraja
All Theses
The hysteretic loss associated with cyclic shear in the elastomeric shear layer is one of the prevailing concerns for the development of a low rolling loss non-pneumatic wheel. We propose to eliminate the hysteretic losses associated with the elastomeric shear layer and thus, reduce the corresponding rolling resistance by using linear elastic materials which are inherently non-hysteretic. Since the shear modulus of a viscoelastic shear layer is less than that of an elastic material by several orders of magnitude, the challenge to achieve a low effective shear modulus shear layer with linear elastic materials directs towards the development of a …
Agent-Based Under Hood Packing, Karthik Ravindranath
Agent-Based Under Hood Packing, Karthik Ravindranath
All Theses
Improving vehicle performance and passenger comfort has been a prime engineering concern and focus of research for many years in automotive design. Turning to high-performance components in an effort to improve vehicle performance alone is often not enough and their placement and interactions with other components should also be an integral part of the improvement process. With the advancement in hybrid electric vehicle technology, the packing of components under the hood is ever more essential and challenging. Under hood packing is a multi-objective optimization problem with many, and mostly conflicting objectives. A non-deterministic multi-objective evolutionary algorithm needs to be integrated …
Evaluation Of Biomass And Coal Briquettes For A Spreader Stoker Boiler Using An Experimental Furnace - Modeling And Test, Gavin Wiggins
Evaluation Of Biomass And Coal Briquettes For A Spreader Stoker Boiler Using An Experimental Furnace - Modeling And Test, Gavin Wiggins
All Theses
The compliance of coal-fired boilers with emissions regulations is a concern for many facilities. The introduction of biomass briquettes in industrial boilers can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and coal usage. In this research project, a thermodynamic chemical equilibrium model was derived and analytical simulations performed for a coal boiler system for several types of biomass fuels such as beech, hickory, maple, poplar, white oak, willow, sawdust, torrefied willow, and switchgrass. The biomass emissions were compared to coal and charcoal emissions. The chemical equilibrium analysis numerically estimated the emissions of CO, CO2, NO, NO2, N2O, SO2, and SO3. When …
Evaluation Of Manganese Control In The Source Water And Microfiltration Plant Of A South Carolina Water Utility, Daniel Lewis
Evaluation Of Manganese Control In The Source Water And Microfiltration Plant Of A South Carolina Water Utility, Daniel Lewis
All Theses
Although present in most water supplies, manganese is a difficult-to-treat nuisance contaminant in drinking water. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set a Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level (SMCL) of 0.05 mg/L but experts have recommended a goal of 0.02 mg/L or less to avoid chronic issues with the metal. This work is a report on manganese control for the Startex-Jackson-Wellford-Duncan (SJWD) Water District, a water utility in northwestern SC. Fourteen locations were sampled from June 2010 through October 2011. Manganese, iron, dissolved organic carbon, dissolved oxygen, and other relevant parameters were measured.
The lake-fed Middle Tyger River is the …
Exploring The Potential Of Inkjet Printing For The Fabrication Of Tissue Test Systems, Vidya Seshadri
Exploring The Potential Of Inkjet Printing For The Fabrication Of Tissue Test Systems, Vidya Seshadri
All Theses
Animal models and two-dimensional assays involved in drug testing, vaccine development and basic scientific discovery are not an accurate representation of the human body; hence there is a need to develop new bench top methodologies which are better suited to yield information about in vivo behavior. There is a paucity of reliable in vitro-derived information regarding the reasons for the cause and progression of diseases. These concerns have lead to the development of three-dimensional systems which can facilitate improved understanding of disease etiology and also can bridge the path to the clinic.
The long term goal, beyond the scope of …
Biodegradation Kinetics For 1,2-Dichloroethane And Ethylene Dibromide In Anaerobic Enrichment Cultures Grown On Each Compound, Rong Yu
All Theses
1,2-Dichloroethane (DCA) and ethylene dibromide (EDB) are among the top 15 chlorinated aliphatic compounds on the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's Priority List of Hazardous Substances. Co-contamination of groundwater with EDB and 1,2-DCA resulted mainly from environmental releases of leaded gasoline; these compounds were added as lead scavengers. A microcosm study by Henderson et al. with soil and groundwater from a site contaminated with leaded gasoline demonstrated anaerobic biodegradation of EDB at a higher rate, and to a greater extent, than 1,2-DCA. Both compounds were transformed mainly by dihaloelimination to ethene. The objectives of this study were to …
Segmentation Of Floors In Corridor Images For Mobile Robot Navigation, Yinxiao Li
Segmentation Of Floors In Corridor Images For Mobile Robot Navigation, Yinxiao Li
All Theses
This thesis presents a novel method of floor segmentation from a single image for mobile robot navigation. In contrast with previous approaches that rely upon homographies, our approach does not require multiple images (either stereo or optical flow). It also does not require the camera to be calibrated, even for lens distortion. The technique combines three visual cues for evaluating the likelihood of horizontal intensity edge line segments belonging to the wall-floor boundary. The combination of these cues yields a robust system that works even in the presence of severe specular reflections, which are common in indoor environments. The nearly …
Improved Line Outage Detection Using Synchrophasor Measurements, Nick Mahoney
Improved Line Outage Detection Using Synchrophasor Measurements, Nick Mahoney
All Theses
The recent advent of synchronized phasor measurements has allowed a power system to be more readily observable. In fact, when multiple buses are observed, applications that were never before possible become a reality. One such application is the detection of line outages in remote or unobserved parts of the system. Two such methods of line outage detection are examined. First, principal component analysis is used to show that highly accurate line outage detection is possible. Using concepts similar to principal component analysis, a novel line outage detection algorithm is developed. Lastly, the efficacy of the novel line outage detection algorithm …
Design Decisions Under Risk And Uncertainty, Sravya Thoomu
Design Decisions Under Risk And Uncertainty, Sravya Thoomu
All Theses
In the contemporary world of engineering, engineers strive towards designing reliable and robust artifacts while considering and attempting to control manufacturing costs. In due course they have to deal with some sort of uncertainty. Many aspects of the design are the result of properties that are defined within some tolerances, of measurements that are appropriate, and of circumstances and environmental conditions that are out of their control. This uncertainty was typically handled by using factors of safety, and resulted in designs that may have been overly conservative. Therefore, understanding and handling the uncertainties is critical in improving the design, controlling …
Mapping Problem And Requirements To Solution: Document Analysis Of Senior Design Projects, Shraddha Joshi
Mapping Problem And Requirements To Solution: Document Analysis Of Senior Design Projects, Shraddha Joshi
All Theses
Formulating and solving engineering problems and designing solutions that meet the established requirements are important skills that graduating engineering students need to possess. However, there are noticeable gaps in the literature with respect to understanding how the formulation of design problems and establishment of requirements affect the final design solution. This thesis is an initial attempt to understand the influence of level of detail of problem statement and requirements on the level of detail of final solution. In doing so, a document analysis of final reports from senior design class collected over a period of ten years from 1999 to …
Influence Of Topography Of Endovascular Stent Material On Smooth Muscle Cell Response, Vipul Taneja
Influence Of Topography Of Endovascular Stent Material On Smooth Muscle Cell Response, Vipul Taneja
All Theses
Although implantation of endovascular stents for the treatment of coronary and peripheral artery diseases has been one of the most rapidly used medical interventions, significant limitations in terms of a restenosis rate of 10-30% still persists. Neointimal hyperplasia characterized by a phenotypic shift of smooth muscle cells from contractile to synthetic type, has been deemed to be the predominant cause of restenosis. A number of stent surface parameters, including topography, have been attributed to play an important role in stent performance. Although endothelial cell and thrombotic response to surface roughness have been well evaluated, the effect of topography of the …