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Articles 571 - 600 of 1237
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Development Of Stationary And Mobile Tailgating Detection Solutions For Ground Vehicles, Tyler Zellmer
Development Of Stationary And Mobile Tailgating Detection Solutions For Ground Vehicles, Tyler Zellmer
All Theses
Improving the safety of North American roadways is a top priority for government agencies and transportation organizations alike. Regulations on appropriate driving behavior have been developed to minimize the likelihood of crashes occurring, but law enforcement tools remain to be fully developed and applied in the field. One prominent example of this is tailgating – the dangerous act of one ground vehicle following another too closely. This activity is responsible for thousands of crashes every year, but police officers currently have few tools to accurately detect and document tailgating events. Though tailgating often occurs in a wide variety of vehicle …
Extraction Of Antioxidants From Animal Blood And Its Potential Application As A Pet Food Preservative, Chengyi Tu
Extraction Of Antioxidants From Animal Blood And Its Potential Application As A Pet Food Preservative, Chengyi Tu
All Theses
Nowadays, more and more people are having pets as members of their family. To the year of 2012, there are 78.2 million dogs and 86.4 million cats owned in the U.S according to the report of the Humane Society of the U.S. The pet food industry as a result has been prosperous, with an estimated market size of $21 billion in the year of 2013. However, there is a common problem for the industry - fat rancidification. Pet foods usually contain relatively high levels of fat, which, if not well protected, are prone to oxidation and generate unfavorable products including …
Effect Of Differential Movement Of Straight Reinforcing Bars During Early Age Curing On The Bond Strength, Tyler Andrews
Effect Of Differential Movement Of Straight Reinforcing Bars During Early Age Curing On The Bond Strength, Tyler Andrews
All Theses
As the nation's infrastructure continues to age, the number of structural deficiencies is rising. Accordingly, there is a great need and desire to replace these failing components in a quick and efficient fashion. Prefabricated elements for structures such as bridges and parking decks are commonly implemented in this process in order to save both time and money. These prefabricated elements are often subjected to moving live loads during construction and repair which, consequently, result in differential movements occurring across the joints connecting the elements of these structures. Potential reductions in joint capacity, joint stiffness, and structural durability are the byproducts …
Fabrication And Characterization Of Radio-Frequency Sensors For Liquid Material Detection, Yuxi He
Fabrication And Characterization Of Radio-Frequency Sensors For Liquid Material Detection, Yuxi He
All Theses
This thesis presents a series of studies on fabrication and characterization of radio-frequency (RF) sensors. In the light of Electromagnetics and Transmission Line Theory, we designed multiple RF sensors with different detection capability emphasis and used them to detect various materials, especially liquid samples and materials in solutions such as dielectric thin films, confined liquids, red blood cells, and malarial pigments (hemozoin). Most sensors were fabricated under clean room environment following the standard process protocols. Proper process developments were also made to achieve special structures and functionalities of our novel sensors. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) …
Removal Of Arsenic From Simulated Groundwater Using A Pilot-Scale Constructed Wetland Treatment System, Jeffrey Schwindaman
Removal Of Arsenic From Simulated Groundwater Using A Pilot-Scale Constructed Wetland Treatment System, Jeffrey Schwindaman
All Theses
A pilot-scale constructed wetland treatment system (CWTS) was designed and built to produce biogeochemical conditions that promoted targeted processes for removal of arsenic from simulated groundwater. Two series were designed to promote co-precipitation and sorption of arsenic with iron oxyhydroxides under oxidizing conditions, and two series were designed to promote precipitation of arsenic sulfide and co-precipitation of arsenic with iron sulfide under reducing conditions. The two major objectives were to (1) assess arsenic removal performance and (2) determine the fate and distribution of arsenic in each series. Results indicate that arsenic removal performance was greater in series designed to promote …
Data Driven, Performance Based Parking Management In A University Setting, Brian Maleck
Data Driven, Performance Based Parking Management In A University Setting, Brian Maleck
All Theses
With university enrollment increasing, campuses are becoming under increased strain for parking. More students results in more cars on an already stressed parking infrastructure. In many instances, university parking management offices are being asked to accommodate this increase in parking without the construction of new parking infrastructure. In order to accommodate these demands, better parking management is required.
This research develops a framework to evaluate current parking management practices and pinpoint methods to improve upon current practices. The framework is generalized for use by any size and type of university. Clemson University's campus in Clemson, SC was used as a …
Particle Electrophoresis And Magnetophoresis In Microchannels, Litao Liang
Particle Electrophoresis And Magnetophoresis In Microchannels, Litao Liang
All Theses
In current pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries with clinical applications, an increased demand for flow control and cell manipulation on the micrometer scale has emerged. Electrokinetic, magnetic and many other physics fields have been exploited to meet this demand. However, due to the requirement for sophisticated micro-structures and the interference of the increasing significance of many `trivial' physics properties (surface potential, permittivity, etc.) at the smaller scale, most applications encounter poor maneuverability and high operation/fabrication complexity issues. Very few attempts have been made to bypass these requirements while maintaining the same control and efficiency. This thesis research investigates the fundamental behaviors …
Statistical Regression Methods For Gpgpu Design Space Exploration, Nimisha Raut
Statistical Regression Methods For Gpgpu Design Space Exploration, Nimisha Raut
All Theses
General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs) have leveraged the performance and power efficiency of today's heterogeneous systems to usher in a new era of innovation in high-performance scientific computing. These systems can offer significantly high performance for massively parallel applications; however, their resources may be wasted due to inefficient tuning strategies. Previous application tuning studies pre-dominantly employ low-level, architecture specific tuning which can make the performance modeling task difficult and less generic. In this research, we explore the GPGPU design space featuring the memory hierarchy for application tuning using regression-based performance prediction framework and rank the design space based on …
Organization Of Information For Reversible Causes Of Pulseless In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Control Trial Using A Cognitive Aid, Meera Ramachandran
Organization Of Information For Reversible Causes Of Pulseless In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Control Trial Using A Cognitive Aid, Meera Ramachandran
All Theses
More than 200,000 in-hospital cardiac arrests are treated each year in the US with 21% survival rate. According to American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, many causes for these arrests could be successfully treated if identified early. Such causes can be generalized as 'reversible causes'. Medical doctors identify the reversible causes associated with an arrest by recalling them from memory, using a mnemonic. In this study, using a cognitive aid such as an iPad application, the mnemonic was modified and causes were displayed alphabetically, and tested along with a new method that rank-ordered the reversible causes based on the patient context, …
Air Pressure Energy Storage For Reverse Osmosis: Bench-Scale Proof Of Concept, Ying Sun
Air Pressure Energy Storage For Reverse Osmosis: Bench-Scale Proof Of Concept, Ying Sun
All Theses
Society faces diminishing access to clean drinking water because of increasing global population and the development of modern industries. At the same time, climate change and other environmental problems caused by the increase in fossil fuel consumption the emphasis on reducing dependency on traditional energy resources in the process of potable water production. To address both problems, a small-scale wind powered reverse osmosis (RO) desalination system with a unique energy storage mechanism was envisioned to provide an energy buffer such that fluctuating and intermittent wind can be utilized. Energy is stored in the form of compressed air in a pressure …
Protocol Development Of A Study Of Loading And Stability Of The Glenoid Inlay Versus Onlay Shoulder System, Breanne Przestrzelski
Protocol Development Of A Study Of Loading And Stability Of The Glenoid Inlay Versus Onlay Shoulder System, Breanne Przestrzelski
All Theses
The large range of pathology associated with the glenohumeral joint has motivated the development of innovative technology to improve stability of the glenohumeral joint. When considering a total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), an additional choice may be considered: the onlay or inlay glenoid component.
The purpose of this study is to examine the contact pressures and implant stability associated with fatigue loading of these two types of glenoid components. The current standard of choice is that of the onlay design, which sits proud to the surrounding tissue and has a tendency to exhibit a rocking-horse loosening phenomenon. A newer option on …
The Development Of A Rapid Fiber-Based Immunoassay As A Point-Of-Care Or In-Home Diagnostic Test, Christopher Waddell
The Development Of A Rapid Fiber-Based Immunoassay As A Point-Of-Care Or In-Home Diagnostic Test, Christopher Waddell
All Theses
Early diagnosis of conditions allows for physicians to treat patients earlier, and ultimately improve patient outcomes. Two conditions of particular interest for earlier and cheaper diagnosis are the influenza virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Antiviral treatment administered within the first 48 hours of influenza infection decreases symptom severity, risk of complications, and reduced healthcare costs. Early diagnosis of HIV can decrease the risk of transmission of the virus to HIV negative individuals and allow for earlier administration of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART), improving patient quality of life and patient outcomes.
Currently, the 'gold standard' for detection of both …
Probabilistic Back Analysis Of Geotechnical Systems, Lei Wang
Probabilistic Back Analysis Of Geotechnical Systems, Lei Wang
All Theses
This thesis is aimed at applying the probabilistic approaches for back analysis of geotechnical systems. First, a probabilistic back-analysis of a recent slope failure at a site on Freeway No. 3 in northern Taiwan is presented. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation is used to back-calculate the geotechnical strength parameters and the anchor force. These inverse analysis results, which agree closely with the findings of the post-event investigations, are then used to validate the maximum likelihood method, a computationally more efficient back-analysis approach. The improved knowledge of the geotechnical strength parameters and the anchor force gained through the probabilistic …
Continuum Robotic Surface: Forward Kinematic Analysis And Implementation, Jessica Merino
Continuum Robotic Surface: Forward Kinematic Analysis And Implementation, Jessica Merino
All Theses
This thesis presents a new class of biologically inspired robots: continuum robotic surfaces. This work is fueled by the question: can the interaction between robot and environment be advanced with “programmable surfaces in space?” The novelty of continuum robotic surfaces lies in their ability to be actively controlled and reconfigured in what we believe is the current “missing dimension” in robot movements — two–dimensional space. We believe that such surfaces will lend themselves to more complex applications. However, to effectively deploy such surfaces for these complex applications, kinematic models will be necessary to plan and control desired configurations. The forward …
Problems In The Study And Use Of Ac Dielectrophoresis And Their Consequences: A Study Based On Comsol Multiphysics Modeling, Vandana Devi Pandian Babu
Problems In The Study And Use Of Ac Dielectrophoresis And Their Consequences: A Study Based On Comsol Multiphysics Modeling, Vandana Devi Pandian Babu
All Theses
Dielectrophoresis (or DEP) is an important phenomenon which is induced when a dielectric particle is placed in a non-uniform electric field. The force generated by DEP has been exploited for various micro and nano fluidics applications like positioning, sorting and separation of particles involved in medical diagnostics, drug discovery, cell therapeutics, biosensors, microfluidics, nanoassembly, particle filtration etc. The integration of DEP systems into the microfluidics enables inexpensive, fast, highly sensitive, highly selective, label-free detection and also the analysis of target bioparticles.
This work aims to provide a complete compilation of the factors affecting the DEP force. It elucidates the underlying …
Finite Element Analysis Of Effective Mechanical Properties, Vibration And Acoustic Performance Of Auxetic Chiral Core Sandwich Structures, Hrishikesh Joshi
Finite Element Analysis Of Effective Mechanical Properties, Vibration And Acoustic Performance Of Auxetic Chiral Core Sandwich Structures, Hrishikesh Joshi
All Theses
Honeycomb cellular materials are widely used in engineering applications due to their high strength to weight ratio and controllable effective mechanical properties. The effective properties are controlled by varying the geometry of the repetitive unit cells of honeycomb structure. Sandwich panels made of honeycomb cores are beneficial in many applications including vibration isolation and sound transmission reduction. Sandwich panels with standard honeycomb core configurations have previously been studied with regards to sound transmission behavior. It has been established that the auxetic honeycomb cores, having negative in-plane Poisson's ratio, exhibit higher sound transmission loss as compared to regular honeycomb cores. In …
Novel Side-Vent-Channel Based Blast Mitigation Concept For Light Tactical Vehicles, Ramin Yavari
Novel Side-Vent-Channel Based Blast Mitigation Concept For Light Tactical Vehicles, Ramin Yavari
All Theses
A new concept solution for improving survivability of the light tactical military vehicles to blast-loads resulting from a shallow-buried mine detonated underneath such vehicles is proposed and critically assessed using computational engineering methods and tools. The solution is inspired by the principle of operation of the rocket-engine nozzles, in general and the so called 'pulse detonation' rocket engines, in particular, and is an extension of the recently introduced so-called 'blast chimney' concept (essentially a vertical channel connecting the bottom and the roof and passing through the cabin of a light tactical vehicle).
Relative to the blast-chimney concept, the new solution …
An Analysis Of A Missing Design Concept For Sustainable Buildings: Addressing The Safety And Health Of The Construction Worker, Christopher Almond
An Analysis Of A Missing Design Concept For Sustainable Buildings: Addressing The Safety And Health Of The Construction Worker, Christopher Almond
All Theses
Construction work is inherently dangerous. The 2010 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics show the construction industry had the most fatal injuries of all industry sectors, 17%. U.S. regulations place the responsibility for construction safety on the construction contractor. However, owners and designers have the potential to affect the safety of the construction workforce. Owners have gotten more involved in promoting the safety and health of construction workers in recent years; however, studies show that the safety and health of the construction workforce is not typically considered by designers.
The Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) - the U.S. Navy's systems command …
Improved Iterative Detection Techniques For Slow-Frequency-Hop Communications With Reed-Solomon Codes, Madhabi Manandhar
Improved Iterative Detection Techniques For Slow-Frequency-Hop Communications With Reed-Solomon Codes, Madhabi Manandhar
All Theses
The performance of a packet-level iterative detection technique is examined for a slow-frequency-hop packet radio system using interleaved Reed-Solomon codes and per-dwell differential encoding. A per-dwell soft-input-soft-output detector along with successive-erasures decoding results in a system that performs better than previously considered detection techniques in the presence of partial-band interference. The log-MAP algorithm and two forms of its max-log-MAP approximation are considered for the soft-input-soft-output detector along with different channel estimators. The performance and detection complexity of the systems is compared. A limit on the number of erasures allowed in successive-erasures decoding is also considered, and its effect on the …
The Extraction Of Acetic Acid From Thermotoga Neapolitana Fermentation Spent Medium Using Fresh/Recovered Aliquat 336 And Produce Cma, Yifan Du
All Theses
To offer an alternative pathway to produce calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) as an environmental friendly deicer to relieve the pressure on fossil fuels demand, a liquid-liquid extraction process was studied. This process includes using Aliquat 336 (tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride) diluted in kerosene as an organic extractant to extract acetic acid from Thermotoga neapolitana fermentation spent medium, which contained 34 g/L of acetic acid and 10 g/L of NaCl.
The extraction efficiency of Aliquat 336 was studied under several different extraction conditions. The initial pH of the spent medium was adjusted to a pH range of 2.25 to 5.75 with a 0.5 …
Describing Plutonium Contamination Issues In Hanford Soils: Development Of A Thermodynamic Surface Complexation Model, Sarah Herr
All Theses
The development of remediation strategies for long-term site management requires knowledge of an actinide's geochemical behavior. Understanding this behavior can lead to the formation of a subsurface transport model. For example, plutonium mobility in the subsurface environment is significantly influenced by oxidation-reduction and complexation reactions. This work considered the surface-mediated reduction of plutonium, as well as the hydrolysis and carbonate complexation of the actinide.
Evaluating the significance of these reactions required several variable pH batch sorption studies. Experiments incorporated plutonium and neptunium sorption to sediments from the Hanford Nuclear Reservation in Washington State. Two different sediments were examined: coarse-grained and …
An Assessment Of The Accuracy Of An Automated Bite Counting Method In A Cafeteria Setting, Ziqing Huang
An Assessment Of The Accuracy Of An Automated Bite Counting Method In A Cafeteria Setting, Ziqing Huang
All Theses
Advances in body-worn sensors and mobile health technology have created new opportunities for empowering people to take a more active role in managing their health. Obesity has been recognized as a target of opportunity that could particularly benefit from this approach. Self-monitoring of dietary intake is critical for weight loss/management, but currently used tools such as
food diaries require users to manually estimate and record energy intake, making them subjective, prone to error, and difficult to use for long periods of time. Our group is developing a new tool called
the 'bite counter' that automates the monitoring of caloric intake. …
Hydrogen Production By Thermotoga Lettingae Using Spent Fermentation Media Containing Acetic Acid, Archana Ganesh
Hydrogen Production By Thermotoga Lettingae Using Spent Fermentation Media Containing Acetic Acid, Archana Ganesh
All Theses
Biological production of hydrogen (H2) gas from fermentation of agricultural feedstock is one method to produce clean and sustainable source of energy. During fermentation of glucose to H2, acetic acid and carbon dioxide (CO2) by Thermotoga neapolitana, only 33% of the energy contained in glucose is converted to hydrogen. The aim of this study was to use a second thermotogale, Thermotoga lettingaeto ferment sugars and acetic acid in spent media to produce H2. Hydrogen production by this bacterium in fresh and spent media was studied by quantifying the amount of …
Impact Of Channel Conditions On Existing Scour Measuring Instruments, Md Nasimul Hoque Chowdhury
Impact Of Channel Conditions On Existing Scour Measuring Instruments, Md Nasimul Hoque Chowdhury
All Theses
Scour around bridge piers and abutments, is the prominent reason for bridge failures. Bridge failures have substantial effects on economy and human lives. About 60% of the total bridge failures in U.S. can be attributed to scour. In the past, scour has been responsible for several million dollars in bridge repair cost. Given the threat to the bridge infrastructure due to scour, the U.S. Federal Highway Administration has proposed several countermeasures to reduce the impact of bed degradation. One of these countermeasures that is particularly relevant during peak flow periods is the real-time scour monitoring. Scour monitoring involves real-time data …
Application Of Parameter Estimation And Calibration Method For Car-Following Models, Md Rahman
Application Of Parameter Estimation And Calibration Method For Car-Following Models, Md Rahman
All Theses
Both safety and the capacity of the roadway system are highly dependent on the car-following characteristics of drivers. Car-following theory describes the driver behavior of vehicles following other vehicles in a traffic stream. In the last few decades, many car-following models have been developed; however, studies are still needed to improve their accuracy and reliability.
Car-following models are a vital component of traffic simulation tools that attempt to mimic driver behavior in the real world. Microscopic traffic simulators, particularly car-following models, have been extensively used in current traffic engineering studies and safety research. These models are a vital component of …
Modeling Benefits Of Implementing Low Impact Development Practices Within Forecasted Growth Scenarios Of The Reedy River Watershed, Stephen Taylor
Modeling Benefits Of Implementing Low Impact Development Practices Within Forecasted Growth Scenarios Of The Reedy River Watershed, Stephen Taylor
All Theses
For this research, a previously developed comprehensive watershed water quality model for the Reedy River as developed for South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (SCDHEC) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a total maximum daily load (TMDL) assessment tool was used to assess the benefits of using low impact development (LID) designs in future growth of Greenville County, within the Reedy River watershed. The original intent of this model was to provide SCDHEC with a defensible model that could be used to prepare nutrient TMDLs for an area located at Boyd Millpond and the Reedy River …
Corrosion Activity In Precast Concrete Elements And Cementitious Closure Pours, Shabi Abbas Udaipurwala
Corrosion Activity In Precast Concrete Elements And Cementitious Closure Pours, Shabi Abbas Udaipurwala
All Theses
The use of prefabricated elements in the construction of highway bridges has been a common practice in the United States since 1950s. Precast concrete adjacent box beam girder bridges are quite popular given that the precast elements not only have structural capacity to span across the supports, but also form the bridge deck. These bridges have generally performed well during the initial years after construction, but recent failures in Pennsylvania and Indiana have aroused a nationwide alarm to investigate the causes of failure and find solutions to repair these bridges or develop design for new replacement bridges. It was found …
Identification Of And Effects On The Depth Of The Machining Affected Zone In Nickel-Based Superalloys, Boyce Richardson
Identification Of And Effects On The Depth Of The Machining Affected Zone In Nickel-Based Superalloys, Boyce Richardson
All Theses
The formation of subsurface damage during machining of nickel-based superalloys is a critical quality concern for the manufacture of gas turbine components. The identification and understanding of this zone are critical to the reduction of destructive testing and scrap costs in an ever changing manufacturing environment. This thesis seeks to provide a novel objective method for identification of the depth of this zone and an empirical model for the effects of machining parameters on this zone. This allows for optimal machining parameters to be used in manufacturing reducing the need for destructive testing, while also reducing manufacturing costs by reducing …
Evaluation Of Angular Velocity Data From Inertial Measurement Units For Use In Clinical Settings, Chelsea Ex-Lubeskie
Evaluation Of Angular Velocity Data From Inertial Measurement Units For Use In Clinical Settings, Chelsea Ex-Lubeskie
All Theses
Evaluating the human gait cycle with inertial measurement units (IMU) may prove beneficial for applications such as diagnoses of musculoskeletal diseases and assessment of rehabilitation regimes. An IMU system is potentially applicable for diagnosing and assessing rehabilitation outcomes for a variety of neuromuscular diseases since it is small, portable, and less expensive than a camera system. IMUs directly measure angular velocity, whereas position data from a camera system must be processed twice to obtain this information. The purpose of this research is to determine repeatability of IMU angular velocity data, and agreement between angular velocity data from an IMU system …
Evaluating Mechanical Performance Of Hydrogel-Based Adhesives For Soft Tissue Applications, Nitin Balakrishnan
Evaluating Mechanical Performance Of Hydrogel-Based Adhesives For Soft Tissue Applications, Nitin Balakrishnan
All Theses
According to the National Center for Health Statistics, an estimated 22 million women have undergone a hysterectomy procedure in the United States. The most common complication during hysterectomies is accidental laceration of the urinary bladder during the surgery with incidence between 0.2-8.3% with the current gold standard wound repair method being sutures. Yet, sutures come with their own limitations in that they necessitate use of a catheter and collection bag during healing due to preventing proper distention of the bladder tissue at normal pressures. The long-term goal of our study is to eliminate the need for suturing by creating a …