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Articles 1651 - 1680 of 3180

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Fluid-Crack Interaction In Hydraulic Fracturing, Harshil Vora Jan 2015

Fluid-Crack Interaction In Hydraulic Fracturing, Harshil Vora

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Hydraulic fracturing has been one of the major improvements in petroleum engineering in the past few decades. Since then this process has been used progressively and over million wells have been fracked using hydraulic fracturing technology. A thorough understanding of the formation of fracture network and its propagation is essential to keep evolving the technology. In the present study, the Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) approach is applied to the crack propagation to understand the fluid crack interaction in brittle rocks under hydraulic loading. The boundary element method (BEM) is used to carry out the numerical analysis. Additionally, an explicit …


Design And Optimization Of Under Tray For Formula Sae Race Car Using Cfd Analysis, Girish Bangalore Jalappa Jan 2015

Design And Optimization Of Under Tray For Formula Sae Race Car Using Cfd Analysis, Girish Bangalore Jalappa

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

With the advent of inverted wings to produce down-force in Formula-1 during the 1960's, aerodynamics has played a big role in increasing the vehicle performance. An aerodynamics system consists of front, rear wings and an under-tray. This thesis focuses on design of a new under-tray using CFD analysis for a Formula-SAE car.


Simulation Of Indeterminate Multiple, Simultaneous Impact And Contact For A Flexible Multibody System, Rohit Vijay Katti Jan 2015

Simulation Of Indeterminate Multiple, Simultaneous Impact And Contact For A Flexible Multibody System, Rohit Vijay Katti

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

This work presents a method for understanding the impact behaviour of a flexible body undergoing multiple, simultaneous contacts. A continuous model is used with an event-driven function in MATLAB, which detects the collisions. The flexible body is defined as a system of particles, having inter-particle forces in terms of spring, damper coefficients. Equations of motion for such a Flexible MultiBody system are determined and then solved for different phases.In the method presented, the indeterminate nature of equations of motion encountered, during impact, and contact for flexible body are examined. Constraint forces are determined during the different phases of an impact …


Thermo-Mechanical Design Considerations At The Server And Rack Levels To Achieve Maximum Data Center Energy Efficiency, Richard Mark Eiland Jan 2015

Thermo-Mechanical Design Considerations At The Server And Rack Levels To Achieve Maximum Data Center Energy Efficiency, Richard Mark Eiland

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Continually increasing demand for information technology (IT) applications and services has provided sustained growth and interest in data centers. The large amounts of energy consumed by data center facilities have placed a significant emphasis on the energy efficiency of their overall operation. One area of particular importance is the cooling energy required. Heat generation within a data center starts at the server level, specifically within the microelectronic devices that process digital information. Convective heat transfer is the primary driver for the removal of heat from an individual server. As such, cooling efficiency at the server level will be dictated by …


Nanoscale Toughening Mechanisms Of Ultra High Temperature Novel Hfb2 Based Multiphase Ceramics, Zoher Shabbir Lavangia Jan 2015

Nanoscale Toughening Mechanisms Of Ultra High Temperature Novel Hfb2 Based Multiphase Ceramics, Zoher Shabbir Lavangia

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

During return of spacecraft they endure very high temperatures (3000°F), few materials can withstand temperatures this high along with additional loads of the spacecraft. Reinforced carbon-carbon (RCC) material system is used as Thermal Protection System (TPS) which is made of laminated graphite rayon-phenolic epoxy, which need to sustain extreme heat. However, these materials are very prone to premature degradation due to oxidation. Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Hafnium Diboride (HfB2) are candidate materials for TPS but, they inherently lack the required toughness for such applications. This research is carried out in two stages, first is to study the individual properties of …


Minimizing Power Consumption At Module, Server And Rack-Levels Within A Data Center Through Design And Energy-Efficient Operation Of Dynamic Cooling Solutions, John Edwards Fernandes Jan 2015

Minimizing Power Consumption At Module, Server And Rack-Levels Within A Data Center Through Design And Energy-Efficient Operation Of Dynamic Cooling Solutions, John Edwards Fernandes

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Data center energy consumption continues to increase with the proliferation in online services such as social networking, banking, entertainment, cloud computing, etc. Recent estimates show that associated power consumption accounts for around 2% and 1.8% of electricity production in the United States and worldwide respectively. In addition to growth in the industry, power densities continue to rise in IT equipment increasing the criticality of thermal management in data center operation. Cooling systems account for around a third of overall power consumption requiring more energy-efficient solutions across all levels within the facility.Liquid cooling of high power modules using cold plates has …


Formalization Of The Engineering Science Discipline - Knowledge Engineering, Xiao Peng Jan 2015

Formalization Of The Engineering Science Discipline - Knowledge Engineering, Xiao Peng

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Knowledge is the most precious ingredient facilitating aerospace engineering research and product development activities. Currently, the most common knowledge retention methods are paper-based documents, such as reports, books and journals. However, those media have innate weaknesses. For example, four generations of flying wing aircraft (Horten, Northrop XB-35/YB-49, Boeing BWB and many others) were mostly developed in isolation. The subsequent engineers were not aware of the previous developments, because these projects were documented such which prevented the next generation of engineers to benefit from the previous lessons learned. In this manner, inefficient knowledge retention methods have become a primary obstacle for …


The Effects Of Deposition Conditions On The Mechanical Properties Of Titanium Silicon Nitride Nanocomposite Coatings, Suo Liu Jan 2015

The Effects Of Deposition Conditions On The Mechanical Properties Of Titanium Silicon Nitride Nanocomposite Coatings, Suo Liu

Material Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Titanium Silicon Nitride has received much attention in recent years for its theoretical super hardness and oxidation resistance at high temperature. In this work, the mechanical properties of TiSiN thin films including hardness, coefficient of friction, wear rate, wear mechanism were studied in detail using nanoindentation, pin-on-disk tribometer, optical profilometer, SEM and XPS. Four deposition conditions were varied to find the optimal conditions that produce the TiSiN film with the highest hardness and the best wear resistance. First, four substrate biases (100V, 200V, 300V, and 500V) were used, respectively. Then, different power (50W, 55W, 60W) and different N2 ratio (20%, …


Aspects Of Intuitive Control Framework: Stabilize, Optimize, And Identify, Pavan Kumar Nuthi Jan 2015

Aspects Of Intuitive Control Framework: Stabilize, Optimize, And Identify, Pavan Kumar Nuthi

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The duality of estimation and control problems is a well known fact in control theory literature. Parameter convergence and closed loop stability are usually competing interests for a given control scheme. This motivates identification routines to be performed only in offline experiments. On the other hand stable controllers do not guarantee parameter convergence to true parameters. Thus there is a need for a higher level abstraction for a control scheme which acts in stages and prioritizes various aspects at different stages. The stage abstraction for controller is inspired by human intuition towards dealing with control and identification simultaneously and hence …


A Numerical Study Of Microfluidic Droplet Motions In Parallel-Plate Electrowetting-On-Dielectric (Ewod) Devices, Yin Guan Jan 2015

A Numerical Study Of Microfluidic Droplet Motions In Parallel-Plate Electrowetting-On-Dielectric (Ewod) Devices, Yin Guan

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Microscale water droplet motions in parallel-plate electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) devices including transport, splitting, merging and dispensing have been numerically studied. The transient governing equations for the microfluidic flow are solved by a finite volume scheme with a two-step projection method on a fixed computational domain. The interface between liquid and gas is tracked by a coupled level set and volume-of-fluid (CLSVOF) method. A continuum surface force (CSF) model is employed to model the surface tension at the interface. Contact angle hysteresis which is an essential component in EWOD modeling is implemented together with a simplified model for the viscous stresses exerted …


Feasibility Studies To Support Landfill Gas Recovery In Ghana, Neda Jangikhatoonabad Jan 2015

Feasibility Studies To Support Landfill Gas Recovery In Ghana, Neda Jangikhatoonabad

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

According to World Bank Ghana generates 0.09 kg of solid waste per person per day, where there are only 4 engineered landfills in the country. In 2010, Ghana contributed to 0.13% of global greenhouse gases emissions, 10% of which was associated with waste sector. On the other hand, according to the World Bank in 2011, 39.5 % of Ghana’s population did not have access to electricity. Tapping landfill gas will not only provide portion of needed energy for the country, but will also help solve many of the environmental problems. Currently there is no landfill gas to energy project in …


Using Lean Techniques To Reduce Waste And Improve Performance In Municipal Project Delivery, Yasir E. Abdelrazig Jan 2015

Using Lean Techniques To Reduce Waste And Improve Performance In Municipal Project Delivery, Yasir E. Abdelrazig

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

The basic concepts of lean thinking in construction projects are to reduce waste, improve communication, and promote teamwork integration through a common set of tools and techniques. With increased demand for public works projects, there is a need to focus attention on the efficient delivery of construction project services in the public sector, and in particular, on municipal project delivery. Performance improvements using lean techniques are considered to overcome problems, facilitate project progress, and offer recommendations for better municipal construction project processes. Municipal projects are a part of the public works which include a broad category of infrastructure projects, financed …


A Parametric Study Of The Effects Of Ɛ And ��̅ On The Poisson Boltzmann Equation For One And Two Spherical Particles Using A Boundary Integral Equation Method, Oumama H. Lingamfelter Jan 2015

A Parametric Study Of The Effects Of Ɛ And ��̅ On The Poisson Boltzmann Equation For One And Two Spherical Particles Using A Boundary Integral Equation Method, Oumama H. Lingamfelter

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Many biomolecules, such as DNA, exhibit properties that are dependent on their electrostatic interaction with an electrolytic solution. Both explicit atomistic and implicit continuum models have been developed to solve the electrostatic problem. The implicit models are based on the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation, whose lower computational cost makes them favored for bio-molecular applications, particularly as the molecule size increases. Among the implicit models, a boundary integral equation (BIE) method involving only numerical treatment on a surface in turn is more efficient than domain-based finite element and finite difference methods. This is especially so in the present case where the electric …


Comparison Of Post-Tensioned Cast In Place Concrete And Steel-Concrete Composite Bent Caps, Francisco David Berrocal Ruiz Jan 2015

Comparison Of Post-Tensioned Cast In Place Concrete And Steel-Concrete Composite Bent Caps, Francisco David Berrocal Ruiz

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Civil engineering projects are conditioned not only by the technology available but also by resources availability as well as budget and construction time. Special conditions applicable to particular projects can also control their development.The correct selection from the different feasible alternatives can determine the final output of a project. In that sense, the importance of bridge structures on both the overall budget and schedule of civil engineering projects makes the selection of the proper structural typology decisive for their success or failure. In some cases, special characteristics can establish the need of innovative solutions to guarantee a successful development of …


Smart Speed Bumps, Mohammed Shakir Rajani Jan 2015

Smart Speed Bumps, Mohammed Shakir Rajani

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

The research underscores the need and importance of traffic calming devices and provides the basis for designing and building a device for traffic calming in neighborhoods with high pedestrian traffic, particularly children. The thesis focuses on developing a traffic calming device that is responsive to driver behavior rather than a static traffic calming device. The design presented herein involves modifying conventional speed bumps used for calming traffic in areas with high pedestrian traffic. The relevant engineering issues that are addressed include:* The functional requirements of the overall system and each of the system components* Operational challenges* Testing framework for evaluating …


Concrete Chloride Ingress: Effect Of Frp Type, Layers And Epoxy, Vinod Reddy Kamagani Kuntla Jan 2015

Concrete Chloride Ingress: Effect Of Frp Type, Layers And Epoxy, Vinod Reddy Kamagani Kuntla

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

The main objective of this research is to reduce the chloride ingress in concrete due to the effects of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) type, layers and Epoxy. It has been established from previous researches that FRP wrap used to retrofit concrete structures offer a high resistance to chemical solutions but in this case study different variables like FRP, layers of FRP and only epoxy are used to know the resistance of concrete structures to chemical solutions. The ACI 318-11 Code allows for a reduction of clear cover depth if an equivalent clear cover depth can be establish. The FRP used …


Development And Validation Of Tdr Based Sensors For Thermal Conductivity And Soil Suction Measurements, Nan Zhang Jan 2015

Development And Validation Of Tdr Based Sensors For Thermal Conductivity And Soil Suction Measurements, Nan Zhang

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Simultaneous measurement of soil thermal conductivity, moisture content, dry density and soil suction is a challenging issue and very important to the design of geothermal related structures such as geothermal energy piles (GEP), ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) systems, etc. The measurement of these properties is mainly done in laboratory conditions which can be time consuming. Hence, an attempt is made in this research to determine a new field sensor that can provide these properties about time frame. TDR technique had been used successfully to measure soil moisture content and dry density by analyzing …


Non-Invasive Biomedical Imaging And Radiobiology Investigations In Pre-Clinical Prostate Tumor Models, Derek A. White Jan 2015

Non-Invasive Biomedical Imaging And Radiobiology Investigations In Pre-Clinical Prostate Tumor Models, Derek A. White

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Oxygen deficiency (hypoxia) in prostate tumors can hinder the biological effectiveness of radiotherapy. Therefore the ability to assess tumor hypoxia non-invasively in vivo in man could significantly improve therapy outcome. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is increasingly applied in clinical evaluation of prostate cancer. Therefore, an oxygen sensitive technique would be very attractive and the utility of oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) has shown promise for predicting tumor growth delay in syngeneic rat prostate tumors following radiotherapy. In this dissertation, the overall goal was to investigate a potential imaging biomarker for predicting tumor response to image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT). First, I used in vivo …


Development Of Atlas-Guided Diffuse Optical Tomography To Investigate Age-Dependent Human Cognitive Functions Under Risk Decision Making, Lin Li Jan 2015

Development Of Atlas-Guided Diffuse Optical Tomography To Investigate Age-Dependent Human Cognitive Functions Under Risk Decision Making, Lin Li

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

To better understand the age effect on neural correlates under risk decision-making stimulations, studies using advanced neuroimaging with a sufficient statistical power are desired. Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) of human brain functions is an emerging non-invasive neuroimaging technology. Compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DOT is more cost-effective, more portable, and easier to conduct studies targeting on different age groups. However, current DOT is limited by its low spatial resolution and depth accuracy. It is thus imperative to develop a technique that can improve imaging quality of DOT and be used to investigate age-dependent human brain functions under risk decision …


Performance Of Full-Scale Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Column Subjected To Extreme Earthquake-Type Loading And Effect Of Surface Preparation On The Cohesion And Friction Factors Of The Aashto Interface Shear Equation, Guillermo Palacios Jan 2015

Performance Of Full-Scale Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Column Subjected To Extreme Earthquake-Type Loading And Effect Of Surface Preparation On The Cohesion And Friction Factors Of The Aashto Interface Shear Equation, Guillermo Palacios

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Buildings in areas of high seismicity may be subjected to large axial stresses as well as severe earthquake loading. In order to protect the integrity of these buildings, concrete columns must possess high compressive strength and adequate ductility. While the use of high strength concrete (HSC) may appear as an attractive alternative and can reduce the section size of first story columns, its increase in strength leads to an increase in brittleness compared to that of normal strength concrete. For that reason, HSC requires a large amount of transverse reinforcement to maintain adequate ductility, which leads to severe congestion in …


An Investigation Of The Effect Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea On Cerebral Hemodynamics In Relation With Systemic Hemodynamics, Raichel Mary Alex Jan 2015

An Investigation Of The Effect Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea On Cerebral Hemodynamics In Relation With Systemic Hemodynamics, Raichel Mary Alex

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a major sleep disorder affecting approximately 18 million adults in the US. Recent studies have observed cognitive impairments and brain structural changes in OSA subjects where these deficits were related to peripheral hypoxia and sleep fragmentation. Nonetheless, underlying cerebral hemodynamics and cerebral oxygenation might play an important role in the development of these impairments. Hence, in this study it is hypothesized that 1) OSA induces significant variations in cerebral hemodynamics, and 2) level of variations in cerebral hemodynamics can be related to the changes in systemic hemodynamics. To test these hypotheses, 8 hours of nocturnal …


Predicting Horizontal Pressure In 2-Stage Mse Structures, Thomas Patrick Taylor Jan 2015

Predicting Horizontal Pressure In 2-Stage Mse Structures, Thomas Patrick Taylor

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) structures have been successfully used in the United States as embankment support structures for heavy highway transportation projects since 1972. On project sites that have poor foundations and where large settlements are predicated a variation of MSE called 2-Stage MSE is utilized. As the name suggests, 2-Stage structures are constructed in two stages. Stage-1 consists of constructing a flexible faced MSE structure and Stage-2 consists of attaching a veneer to the face of the Stage-1 structure. The Stage-1 and Stage-2 structures are separated by a short distance forming a cavity that is filled with granular material. …


Experimental Evaluation Of Frp Strengthened Concrete Bridge Girders, Rakesh B. Jayanna Jan 2015

Experimental Evaluation Of Frp Strengthened Concrete Bridge Girders, Rakesh B. Jayanna

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

This report presents the details of research study on the use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) sheets to strengthen the Pre-stressed concrete TxDOT Tx-28 bridge girders in flexure and shear. Four girders were subjected to destructive test in this research. First girder as control specimen without any CFRP applied on it, Second and third girders were flexural strengthened for one and two layers of CFRP and the forth girder is shear strengthened with one layer CFRP. Experimental phases along with the comparison of test results in terms of flexural and shear capacity of bridge girders, strains and deflections are …


A Unified Swcc-Clay Mineralogy Based Framework For Predicting Swell Behavior Of Expansive Soils, Alejandro Hernan Pino Bravo Jan 2015

A Unified Swcc-Clay Mineralogy Based Framework For Predicting Swell Behavior Of Expansive Soils, Alejandro Hernan Pino Bravo

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Expansive soils are spread over different climatic zones around the world with varying mineralogical content and microstructure, making the soil to absorb moisture between their mineral layers and therefore undergo volume changes. This behavior generates swell and shrinkage surface movements which affect the integrity of infrastructure built on them. A practice currently employed correlates swell-shrink behavior to soil index parameters, however, variable soil mineralogy limits this approach, which generates poor soil swell characterization. Thus, characterizing efforts must be emphasized on identification of real parameters governing the swell/shrink behavior, such as mineralogy, variation of suction with moisture content and pore distribution. …


The Strength Of Horizontal Shear Reinforcement With Limited Development, Regina Nyambura Waweru Jan 2015

The Strength Of Horizontal Shear Reinforcement With Limited Development, Regina Nyambura Waweru

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

In order for the composite action between the precast beam and the cast-in-place deck to be effective, sufficient horizontal (interface) shear strength needs to be provided at the interface of the two concrete elements to prevent slip. Horizontal shear strength is provided by three main components: the protrusions on the crack faces (cohesion/aggregate interlock), friction between the faces resulting from the normal compressive stress, and the dowel action of the reinforcing bars. AASHTO LRFD equation assumes that all reinforcement crossing the interface would be fully developed on both sides of the interface at ultimate shear strength. This study examines if …


Repair Of Impact-Damaged Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girder Using Glass Frp Rebar, Maria Angeles De La Flor Montero Jan 2015

Repair Of Impact-Damaged Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girder Using Glass Frp Rebar, Maria Angeles De La Flor Montero

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Overpass girders are risked by the impact of the traffic, over height vehicle, travelling under the structure, creating a hazard for the drivers over and under the bridge.When a bridge girder is damaged the repair solution adopted has to meet the following criteria:- Safety. The repaired structure has to provide a minimum level of service to guarantee the safety of the traffic during the life of the structure. - Repair time. To minimize the risk and the inconvenience for the traffic the repair time has to be minimum.- Economy. The adopted solution has not only to fulfill the previous requirements, …


Enhanced Viscoelastic Modeling Of Hot Mix Asphalt, Tito P. Nyamuhokya Jan 2015

Enhanced Viscoelastic Modeling Of Hot Mix Asphalt, Tito P. Nyamuhokya

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The primary objective of this research is to investigate the relationships between Compressive (CDM) and Tensile Dynamic Moduli (TDM) of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) and develop a material model that predicts tensile dynamic modulus from known compressive dynamic modulus. Moreover, the research develops an enhanced visco-hyper-elastic Finite element model that incorporates both CDM and computed TDM to predict the structural response of a perpetual pavement structure subjected to wheel loading. In the laboratory, the Compressive and Tensile Dynamic Modulus parallel to the direction of compaction and Tensile dynamic modulus perpendicular to the direction of compaction were determined at different temperature …


Image Segmentation Approach For Realizing Zoomable Streaming Hevc Video, Zarna Patel Jan 2015

Image Segmentation Approach For Realizing Zoomable Streaming Hevc Video, Zarna Patel

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

With increasing popularity of high resolution video format, video coding technology such as High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) which can provide a substantially higher compression capability than the existing H.264/AVC standard has received increased attention. HEVC is the next generation compression technology lauded as the enabler for a host of new services and capabilities. Recently, multimedia applications and their use have grown dramatically in popularity due to mobile device adoption by the consumer market. However, a crucial challenge is to provide a better user experience for browsing videos on the limited and heterogeneous screen sizes. Streaming of an arbitrary region …


Real Time Surface Defect Measurement From Road Profile, Vivek Jolly Jan 2015

Real Time Surface Defect Measurement From Road Profile, Vivek Jolly

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) annually collects profile data over the state maintained highway network and uses the profile data to determine the ride quality based on a serviceability index (SI) and the International Roughness Index (IRI). The equation used at present to obtain the SI from the profile data is based on ride measurements from an old rating session in the 1960s. Several changes have taken place over the years that required re-evaluation of the ride equation, led to a TxDOT funded research in 2000 to evaluate the adequacy of the current equation. During this study, a new …


Statistical Analysis Of Indoor Uwb Channel Parameters In Different Wall Corridors And Through-Wall Environments, Sreevinay Netrapala Jan 2015

Statistical Analysis Of Indoor Uwb Channel Parameters In Different Wall Corridors And Through-Wall Environments, Sreevinay Netrapala

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

The indoor channel parameters appears different for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) systems than it does to narrow band systems. Generally UWB pulses are short and do not overlap in time like multipath sine waves. According to electromagnetic theory, lower frequencies have better penetrating properties. The combination of larger spectrum and lower frequencies possessed by UWB signals makes it easy to penetrate through walls, floors, doors, wood, ceilings, etc. This penetration property plays a very important role in indoor UWB communication system. This thesis presents the statistical analysis of large scale, small scale and time dispersal parameters in different wall corridor …