Engineering Commons^™

Dark Knights: Exploring Resilience And Hidden Workarounds In Commercial Aviation Through Mixed Methods, Riana Steen, James Norman, Johan Bergström, Gitte F. Damm

Aviation Faculty Publications

In this study, the duality of adaptive capacity in aviation safety is examined, where the need for resilience of frontline workers conflicts with the expectations and assumptions of upstream entities, leading to system brittleness. We explore three critical categories: responsibilization, the application of practical wisdom in navigating challenging situations, and the unrecognized sacrifices that accompany adaptation. A qualitative research design is used, using three focus groups consisting of pilots in a European airline, the airline’s safety department, and the respective civil aviation authority. The study's findings reveal i. significant organizational constraint and pressure on pilots, resulting in workarounds, personal playbooks, …

Understanding Effective Elastic Properties And Stress-Strain Evolution In Composite Granular Rocks Using Discrete Element Modeling, Prasad Pothana, Fernando E. Garcia, Kegang Ling

Petroleum Engineering Posters and Presentations

The mechanical behavior of composite granular rocks is a multifaceted phenomenon relevant to various geoengineering applications. Traditional homogenization models and continuum mechanics-based numerical methods often fall short of accurately capturing the intricacies of granular materials. Granular materials exhibit heterogeneity and arching mechanisms governing the force networks that ensure system stability. Unlike continuum-based approaches, particulate discrete element methods have an advantage in assessing effective material properties by considering material heterogeneity and grain-level physical interactions. This study evaluates effective elastic properties using particle flow code using flat-joint contact law for composite binary mixtures with a stiff inclusion embedded within a matrix material. …

Uas-Guided Electric And Magnetic Field Data Distribution Across Transmission Lines, Tanzim Jim Hassan, Jamison Jangula, Akshay Ram Ramchandra, Prashanth Rajagopalan, Prakash Ranganathan, Ryan Adams

Graduate Research Achievement Day Posters

This poster discusses an electric (E) and magnetic (H) field data gathering process across a series of High Voltage (HV) transmission lines. Data was collected from one DC and four AC Transmission (Tx) lines. Multiple DJI UAV (M2EA, M30, and M300) were used to collect E/H field measurements with an onboard set-up. These measurements included parameters such as E field in V/m, H field in mG, Battery voltage in V, Battery current A, Battery percentage in %, Battery Temperature in F, and latitude and longitude. The preliminary findings indicate that distance and sensor orientation affect E/H field distribution.

Integrated Petrophysical Evaluation And Rock Physics Modeling Of Broom Creek Deep Saline Aquifer For Geological Co2 Storage, Prasad Pothana, Ghoulem Ifrene, Kegang Ling

Petroleum Engineering Student Publications

Fossil fuels, such as coal and hydrocarbons, are major drivers of global warming and are primarily responsible for worldwide greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon dioxide CO₂. The storage of CO₂ in deep saline reservoirs is acknowledged as one of the top practical and promising methods to reduce CO₂ emissions and meet climate goals. The North Dakota Industrial Commission (NDIC) recently approved the fourth Class VI permit for a carbon capture and storage project in the Williston basin of North Dakota for the geological CO₂ storage in the Broom Creek formation. The current research aimed to …

Characterizing Nonlinear Fluid Flow In 3d Printed Rock Fractures: Effects Of Roughness, Aperture, And Intersection Angles, Ghoulem Ifrene, Prasad Pothana, Sven Egenhoff, Nicholas Bittner, Kuldeep Singh

Petroleum Engineering Posters and Presentations

Understanding fluid flow behavior at fracture intersections is vital to geothermal energy extraction, underground water flow, and CO₂ storage. Here, laboratory experiments were performed to study the effect of surface roughness, intersection angles, and aperture on nonlinear flow behavior in simple fracture networks. A FormLabs (3B+) 3D printer was used to fabricate 8 samples of 38.1mm in diameter and 59.43mm or 54.9mm in length with 2 intersecting fractures of 10^o and 40^o respectively. The surface roughness of the fractures was based on laser profilometry measurements from two induced mode 1 rock fractures, with a joint roughness coefficient …

Machiavellianism And Security: Leveraging Queries At Llms For Black Hat Operations, Niroop Sugunaraj, Prakash Ranganathan

Electrical Engineering Posters and Presentations

Critical infrastructure like the power grid are at risk from increasing cyber threats due to the growth of distributed energy resources ( relying heavily on internet connectivity Compromised DER endpoints are susceptible to cyber attacks and it is important to first identify evolving cybersecurity issues in widely deployed architectures, communication protocols, and networks Information produced from artificial intelligence ( based co pilots are emerging threats that can offer convenient and detailed playbooks to compromise DERs through multiple attack vectors even for a non technical black hat community and should therefore be considered as a repository for unethical hackers

Ai And Concerns On Bias And Correctness In Engineering, Stacy Bjorgaard

AI Assignment Library

This is a two-part assignment. In the first part, students discuss various scenarios relating to use of AI and potential issues of bias in class. In the second part, students examine the answers AI gives to basic questions in several engineering fields and compare these to expert answers for correctness.

Uas Risk Analysis In And Around Airports, Prasad Pothana, Jack Thornby, Michael Ullrich, Sreejith Vidhyadharan, Paul Snyder

Petroleum Engineering Posters and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Stress-Dependent Petrophysical Properties Of The Bakken Unconventional Petroleum System: Insights From Elastic Wave Velocities And Permeability Measurements, Prasad Pothana, Ghoulem Ifrene, Kegang Ling

Petroleum Engineering Student Publications

The net-effective stress is a fundamental physical property that undergoes dynamic changes in response to variations in pore pressure during production and injection activities. Petrophysical properties, including porosity, permeability, and wave velocities, play a critical role and exhibit strong dependence on the mechanical stress state of the formation. The Williston basin’s Bakken Formation represents a significant reservoir of hydrocarbons within the United States. To investigate this formation, we extracted core plugs from three distinct Bakken members, namely Upper Bakken, Middle Bakken, and Lower Bakken. Subsequently, we conducted a series of measurements of ultrasonic compressional and shear wave velocities, as well …

Introduction To Using Generative Ai In Research Literature Review For Graduate Students, Joseph Vacek

AI Assignment Library

Information literacy is a skill set that new graduate students need to learn and practice, and the inclusion of generative AI, including its limitations, is worthy of exploration.

Experimental Data Supporting Co2 Enhanced Oil Recovery And Storage Potential In The Bakken Petroleum System (Bps), University Of North Dakota. Energy And Environmental Research Center

EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets

Fact sheet on CO₂ enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in the Bakken petroleum system. Highlights experimental data concerning CO₂’s role in oil recovery in the region.

Upgraded Carbon Ores To Products, University Of North Dakota. Energy And Environmental Research Center

EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets

Fact sheet on the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) project to develop domestic battery materials from upgraded carbon ores. Includes information on upgraded carbon ores to products (UCOP) technology and a timeline for development.

Optimization Of A Bioreactor, Ali Alshami

AI Assignment Library

The primary objective of this assignimentis to learn to work effectively as a team, and to design an experiment where optimization is essential.

Can Artificial Intelligence, Specifically Large Language Models (Llms), Enhance Human Emotional Intelligence Responses In A Small Team Work Environment?, Jason Evans

AI Assignment Library

Compare real-world human responses to potential conflict situations to an artificial intelligence response. Several articles have suggested that LLMs may actually be more successful at modeling proper human emotional responses than factual based responses. The objective of this assignment is for students to discover if and how a LLM can serve as a model for proper responses to minimize conflict and increase team effectiveness. This specific assignment was designed for aviation students, but can be adapted for any small team working environment.

Selection Of Materials For A Nuclear Rocket Engine, Marcos Fernandez-Tous

AI Assignment Library

Selection of materials which will be used in the construct of a nuclear reactor for a space rocket.

Salts Removal As An Effective And Economical Method Of Bakken Formation Treatment, Mousa Almousa, Olusegun Stanley Tomomewo, Yeo Howe Lim

Civil Engineering Posters and Presentations

One of the main aims of managing and containing waste disposal in deep rock formations is to safeguard individuals, the surroundings, and the groundwater reserves The elevated salt content of the water produced by the rock formation necessitated an analysis of its chemical composition, including its major ion content, in order to understand the characteristics of the rock Additionally, the total dissolved solids ( in the ND Bakken formation are greater than 300 g/l, which is much higher than the concentration of salt in seawater therefore, it is reasonable to propose a modified process to treat the salts found in …

Investigation Of Cyclic Gaseous Solvent Injection For Enhanced Oil Recovery In Unconventional Formations, Samuel Asante Afari

Theses and Dissertations

Unconventional resources have been known to hold vast quantities of hydrocarbons. However, exploiting the oil and gas they hold was previously challenging due to their low permeabilities. Recent advances in horizontal well drilling and hydraulic fracturing have enabled oil and gas production from these reservoirs, leading to significant increases in energy supply to meet the growing energy demand. However, despite the relative technological success, considerable obstacles persist; oil production from unconventional wells often declines by more than 20% of their initial production rate within the first two years, leaving significant volumes of residual oil trapped in the formations. This overarching …

Comparing Fishbone Drilling And Hydraulic Fracturing In Ultra-Low Permeability Geothermal Reservoirs, Aimene Aihar, Nassim Bouabdallah, Ghoulem Ifrene, Doina Irofti

Petroleum Engineering Posters and Presentations

Harnessing geothermal energy through Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) offers a sustainable and renewable means of tapping the Earth's subsurface heat. However, in ultra-low permeability formations like those found in the Williston Basin, the effectiveness of conventional hydraulic fracturing techniques is limited. This study evaluates the potential of fishbone drilling technology as an alternative approach, focusing on the efficiency and engineering aspects of both methods in the context of geothermal reservoirs with extremely low permeability.

We carried out an extensive literature review, numerical simulations, and case studies to compare fishbone drilling and hydraulic fracturing in EGS applications. Fishbone drilling, which involves …

Evaluation Of Hybrid Prediction Models For Accurate Rate Of Penetration (Rop) Prediction In Drilling Operations, Abdelhakim Khouissat, Mohamed Riad Youcefi, Ghoulem Ifrene, Doina Irofti

Petroleum Engineering Posters and Presentations

The precise prediction of the rate of penetration (ROP) is of utmost importance for optimizing drilling operations and minimizing costs while increasing efficiency. However, the complex and nonlinear nature of the drilling process can pose significant challenges in achieving accurate ROP predictions. To address this challenge, multiple hybrid prediction models have been developed, and their accuracy in ROP prediction has been compared.

To accomplish this objective, we created three different hybrid models, including Artificial Neural Network – Genetic Algorithm (ANN-GA), Artificial Neural Network-Particle Swarm Optimization (ANN-PSO), and Support Vector Regression (SVR) to estimate ROP. These models were trained and tested …

Exploring Underground Hydrogen Storage Options In North Dakota: A Review, Aimen Laalam, Olusegun Stanley Tomomewo

Petroleum Engineering Posters and Presentations

As the world shifts towards a low-carbon future, the demand for efficient, safe, and cost-effective energy storage solutions has become increasingly critical. Hydrogen has emerged as a promising energy carrier with numerous advantages, such as high energy density, zero emission combustion, and versatile applications. Nevertheless, the challenge of effective hydrogen storage remains. This study examines the potential of underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in North Dakota, assessing its opportunities and challenges in supporting the region's renewable energy objectives. North Dakota's unique geological features, abundant renewable energy resources, and growing energy demands make it an ideal location for UHS implementation. This review …

Creation Of A Hyperplane Device For Horizontal Cellular Migration Assays, Nicholas M. Bittner, Nelofar Nargis, Ghoulem Ifrene, Brent Jeffrey Voels, Colin K. Combs

Biomedical Sciences Posters and Presentations

Cell culture studies routinely seek to monitor cell migration in response to chemoattractant stimuli. Common assays of cell migration employ well inserts and vertical cell migration assessment. This approach does not allow real-time monitoring of cell behavior. To address this need, we sought to develop a horizontal culture platform conducive to time course cell assessment changes in migration, morphology, phenotype etc. Modification of a commercial chamber slide allowed us to quantify cell migration in response to a 20% serum gradient. Based upon this finding, we designed and fabricated a prototype chamber slide for high replicate, real time assessment of cell …

Advancing Our Understanding Of Non-Linear Flow Behavior In X-Crossing Fractures Through 3d Printing Technology, Ghoulem Ifrene, Sven Egenhoff, Doina Irofti, Nicholas Bittner, Tyler Newman

Petroleum Engineering Posters and Presentations

Fractured reservoir systems play a critical role in the efficient management of hydrocarbon resources, CO2 storage, and geothermal energy extraction. Understanding the behavior and characteristics of these systems is essential for optimizing recovery, reducing carbon footprint, and increasing efficiency. However, fractures within reservoir systems create complex geometries and can make fluid flow behavior complex and difficult to predict. Replicating these complex geometries in the laboratory has been challenging, but advancements in 3D printing technology have made it possible to create accurate models of rough-walled fracture geometries. In this study, the impact of geometric characteristics on fluid flow behavior in connected …

The Lagrange Logistics Method, Jeffrey Rogers

Space Studies Student Publications

Human development into different environments has always required logistics support to sustain life, focusing this research on one method in supporting interplanetary missions beyond Earth. It explores utilizing stations in Lagrange orbital points within the solar system, analogous to transcontinental hubs for logistics operations in an emerging domain. The evaluation considers available Lagrange points, environmental considerations including available resources, flight distances and time in comparison to current interplanetary flight, potential risks, and possibilities beyond the immediate future to determine the practicability of this method. To determine this, a qualitative descriptive analysis method is employed. Data was collected through historical accounts, …

Technical And Regulatory Factors Of Adopting Electric Training Aircraft In A Collegiate Aviation Setting, Nick Wilson, Lewis Archer, Ryan Guthridge, Jeremy Roesler, Michael Lents

Aviation Faculty Publications

Electric-powered aircraft have entered the market. The arrival of the Pipistrel Velis Electro and other developmental efforts by companies such as Bye Aerospace, Piper, and eViation, have signaled to the aviation community that more electric-powered aircraft can be expected in the coming years. But how useful are they for training pilots in a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approved Part 141 collegiate aviation environment? To identify candidate flight courses and lessons, the authors examine flight hour distributions of a one-year window of invoiced flights (N = 52,728), including flight hour data cut-points at 60 minutes (n = 6,050) and 90 minutes …

Sustainable Management Of Dams And Reservoirs In North Dakota: Sediment Transport Characterization, Adewale Ajao, Yeo Howe Lim

Civil Engineering Posters and Presentations

Selected reservoirs in the state of North Dakota was surveyed to assess their storage capacity, sedimentation characteristics, water quality parameters, and check for leakage. The purpose of the study is to understand the dynamic of reservoir sedimentation in North Dakota and the effect on its resiliency and sustainability. The HYCAT, which is an autonomous surface vehicle, was interfaced with a side scan sonar and global positioning system. The side scan sonar soundings at a determined frequency was used to measure reservoir bed level and deposited sediments while the positioning system would provide information along the grid lines. Additionally, this bathymetry …

Design And Performance Analysis Of Dry Gas Fishbone Wells For Lower Carbon Footprint, Habib Ouadi, Aimen Laalam, Amjed Hassan, Abderraouf Chemmakh, Vamegh Rasouli, Mohamed Mahmoud

Petroleum Engineering Student Publications

Multilateral well drilling technology has recently assisted the drilling industry in improving borehole contact area and reducing operation time, while maintaining a competitive cost. The most advanced multilateral well drilling method is Fishbone drilling (FbD). This method has been utilized in several hydrocarbon fields worldwide, resulting in high recovery enhancement and reduced carbon emissions from drilling. FbD involves drilling several branches from laterals and can be considered as an alternative method to hydraulic fracturing to increase the stimulated reservoir volume. However, the expected productivity of applying a Fishbone well from one field to another can vary due to various challenges …

Evaluation Of Liquid Loading In Gas Wells Using Machine Learning, Abderraouf Chemmakh, Olusegun Stanley Tomomewo, Kegang Ling, Ahmed Shammari

Petroleum Engineering Student Publications

The inevitable result that gas wells witness during their life production is the liquid loading problem. The liquids that come with gas block the production tubing if the gas velocity supplied by the reservoir pressure is not enough to carry them to surface. Researchers used different theories to solve the problem naming, droplet fallback theory, liquid film reversal theory, characteristic velocity, transient simulations, and others. While there is no definitive answer on what theory is the most valid or the one that performs the best in all cases. This paper comes to involve a different approach, a combination between physics-based …

Applications Of Underbalanced Fishbone Drilling For Improved Recovery And Reduced Carbon Footprint In Unconventional Plays, Habib Ouadi, Siamak Mishani, Vamegh Rasouli

Petroleum Engineering Student Publications

Fishbone Drilling (FbD) consists of drilling several micro-holes in different directions from the main vertical or deviated wellbore. Similar to multilateral micro-hole drilling, FbD may be used to enhance hydrocarbon production in naturally fractured formations or in refracturing operations by interconnecting the existing natural fractures. When combined with underbalanced drilling using a coiled tubing rig, FbD enhances the production further by easing the natural flow of the hydrocarbon from the reservoir to the wellbore. The design aspects of the Fishbones include determining the number, length, distance between the branches, and the angle of sidetracking of the branches from the main …

Aircraft Communication Systems - Topologies, Protocols, And Vulnerabilities, Tyler Przybylski, Niroop Sugunaraj, Prakash Ranganathan

Electrical Engineering Student Publications

Aviation systems are facing fierce competition driven by private investments promoting the development of new avionics suites (AS). With these new AS comes the need for a faster and larger bandwidth requirement for next generation communication systems. The legacy military (MIL) standard 1553 communication system (e.g., 1Mbps) can no longer keep up with the surge in bandwidth demand requirements. The new communication systems need to be designed with a system architecture background that can enable simplistic integration with Information Technology (IT) controlled groundnetworks, military, and commercial payloads. To facilitate a seamless integration with communication architecture, the current system is highly …

Carbon Capture, Utilization, And Storage, University Of North Dakota. Energy And Environmental Research Center

EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets

Fact sheet about carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) and the Energy & Environmental Research Center’s (EERC’s) CCUS capabilities. Includes information on the Plains CO₂ Reduction (PCOR) Partnership initiative, Brine Extraction and Storage Test (BEST), Carbon Storage Assurance Facility Enterprise (CarbonSAFE), Red Trail Energy Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), a feed study at Coal Creek Station, Bell Creek and Cedar Creek anticline projects, and Partnership for CO₂ Capture (PCO₂C).