Engineering Commons^™

Experimental Applications Of Protective Coatings To Shales Exposed In Highway Cuts, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Many shales exposed in roadway cut-sections are susceptible to weathering, slaking, and erosion; fallout and taluses clog drainage; benches overflow; and occasionally landslides or rockslides develop. Presently, in design, certain types of shales and even named formations are afforded wider benches than others; soil mantles at the tops of cuts are being stripped back farther; and, of course, sound ledge-rock offers the preferred type of bench-cap. Pre-splitting methods of blasting have greatly enhanced the appearance of cuts and have minimized the shattering of cut faces. The resulting surfaces frequently are quite smooth when first exposed and remain so if the …

Performance Of A Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culvert Under Rock Embankment, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A 48-inch diameter reinforced concrete pipe installation has been observed in order to evaluate the performance of both types of bedding conditions as currently used by the Kentucky Department of Highways. A portion of the pipe was laid using Kentucky's Standard B Bedding. The remainder of the pipe culvert was laid using the B₁ Bedding (imperfect trench); the design height of the fill (36 feet) was sufficient to require the imperfect trench construction. The embankment was primarily of a rock fill material, with the largest particle size limited to a maximum of 3 feet. The portion of the pipe …

Durability Of Culvert Pipe, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Almost twenty years ago the Department began to develop durability data on types of culvert materials. In the interim, various stopgap as well as very judicious policies have issued. The present criterion or design practice applicable to Federal Aid projects was affirmed by the Bureau of Public Roads, May 24, 1965. Extensive field surveys have been conducted; various design innovations have been employed; and a "hot" test site has, in a demonstrative way, provided critical life-expectancy records. All past history had been documented previously; however, a brief retrospective summary will provide some continuity between forethought and certain issues now maturing.

A Concrete Pavement Without Transverse Joints [July 1968], Ronald D. Hughes

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

In 1949, a 5.737-mile section of portland cement concrete pavement was constructed without the inclusion of transverse joints. The project, designated as Fl 239(4), is a section of US 31W located in Simpson County extending from the Tennessee line (Sta 9+11) to the south city limits of Franklin (Sta 311+40). The pavement is 22 feet wide, 8 inches thick, and is underlain by 1-1/2 inches of compacted No. 10 crushed limestone for insulation and leveling. Air-entraining cement was used and the concrete was placed with approximately 4-1/2 percent entrained air. One-half inch deformed tie bars were used in the longitudinal …

Temperature Distribution Within Aspalt Pavements And Its Relationship To Pavement Deflection, Herbert F. Southgate, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

No abstract provided.

Bridge Paint Specifications, Proposed Revisions, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

During the past several years, I have devoted considerable attention and study to bridge-paint systems and specification -- in an attempt to keep abreast with developments and current practices throughout the country. My first proposal (July 30, 1958; copy appended) was motivated by development of a then-new rust-inhibitive pigment suggested by National Lead Company. The pigment had shown considerable promise as a substitute for red lead and appeared in many respects to be superior to red lead -- on of which was economy.

Construction And Performance Of Trial Section Of Treated Shoulders On The Mountain Parkway Extension, Robert L. Florence, Tommy C. Hopkins

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

In October 1966, J.W. Spurrier, Assistant Operations Management Engineer, requested that the Research Division make a study of a two-mile section of the shoulders on the Mountain Parkway Extension in Wolfe County (from Mile Post 43.8 to Mile Post 45.8) and make recommendations for design and construction procedures for cement stabilization of the shoulders. In compliance with this request, in January 1967, Research Division personnel made a survey of the full length of shoulder on the Mountain Parkway Extension. Included in this survey were measurements of depth of the dense graded aggregate, penetrations of the shoulder subgrade soil and samples …

Investigation Of Use Of Preformed, Compressed Neoprene Seals In Joints Of Concrete Bridge Decks, Dennis L. Willaman

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Progressive deterioration and staining of concrete bridge substructures and erosion of abutments may, in many instances, be attributed to the leakage of bridge deck joints. The primary difficulty in maintaining a properly sealed joint is the continual expansion and contraction of the bridge spans. Joint seals, of course, must remain in contact with both faces of the disjointed sections and remain flexible at all temperatures encountered.

A study was initiated by the Division of Research for the specific purpose of evaluating the performance of preformed, compressed neoprene seals and to compare the performance of these seals with the performance of …

Hot-Mix Coal-Tar Concrete Pavement And Multiple, Coal-Tar Seals On Shoulders, Robert L. Florence

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

It is proposed to construct an experimental section of roadway, 6.6 miles in length, using coal-tar concrete for base and surface, and to use multiple, coal-tar seals (3 seals) with coverstone on the shoulders. A section of pavement, 5.1 miles in length, incorporating the same structural thicknesses and types of courses but containing normal asphaltic binders, to be constructed on the same route will be designated for comparison and control purposes. The use of the coal-tar will be in compliance with Section 201(e) of the Appalachian Regional Development Acts of 1965.

An Evaluation Of Temperature Distribution Within Asphalt Pavements And Its Relationship To Pavement Deflection, Herbert F. Southgate

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The attached report presents significant progress and achievements in the area of asphalt pavement design. Benkelman beam deflections were used extensively in conjunction with our 1958 study of asphalt pavement performance; apparent relationships between 18–kip deflections and pavement structures were evident then although scatter in the data was thought to be necessarily admissible. During the spring and summer of 1966, another extensive series of pavements, built since 1958, were evaluated from the standpoint of performance and deflection. It seemed compelling at that time to adjust all deflections to some common reference temperature and so the surface temperature of the pavement …

The Crab Orchard And Osgood Formations: The Case For Slope Instability, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

For the past few years, the Division of Research, as a part of its continuing study of the occurrence of landslides in Kentucky, has reviewed and studied several sites in order to identify and delineate the geologic and soil formations which might be involved in the unstable earth masses. After a study of a number of landslides, it became evident that one particular material was highly susceptible to the development of landslides. This material, in Eastern Kentucky, is known as the Crab Orchard Formation and was deposited during the middle Silurian age. The Crab Orchard Formation, a deposit some 50 …

Analysis Of Traffic Loads On Bridges, Robert L. Lynch

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report contains information concerning:

1. The statistical determination of frequencies of critical axle loadings on highway bridges and
2. The adaptability and adaptability of historical loadometer and classification data in Kentucky to the recently adopted AASHO design criteria for evaluating the fatigue history of existing bridges.

The analysis of the fatigue history of a bridge consists of evaluating the distribution of instantaneous axle loadings over the applicable period. Because of the urgency, only historical records currently available were used as source data. This report is therefore divided into two sections: 1) a summary of quantitative results based on available data, and …

Construction And Interim Performance Report Of Experimental Salt (Nacl) Stabilization Of Plant-Mixed, Dense Graded Aggregate, Robert L. Florence

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

For some time the Department has been interested in building-up and retaining thicknesses of granular base course on rural roads through the use of various stabilizing additives and(or) the use of light asphalt seals or surfacings (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). These efforts more or less recognize that the "stage construction" concept is frustrated by weather and traffic erosion of unbound and exposed granular base material. Thus, the motive in experimenting with and in utilizing these treatments is to find economical and effective means by which a granular base can be built and retained until such time that a …

Application Of Stanford Watershed Model Concepts To Predict Flood Peaks For Small Drainage Areas, K. D. Clarke

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report embodies two principal objectives: 1) updating rainfall intensity-duration curves for the hydraulic design of culverts and 2) adaptation of the Stanford Watershed Model concept to small drainage basins in Kentucky. The first objective is familiar -- the curves presently being used for the rational method of design were established from an earlier Department study made by E. M. West and W. H. Sammons, issued in July, 1955 (Report No. 2, "A Study of Runoff from Small Drainage Areas and the Openings in Attendant Drainage Structures"), and were based on rainfall records then available through 1951. The second objective …

Programming For Rural Road Improvements, J. P. Hunter

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Kentucky Manual Of Uniform Traffic Control Devices, K. B. Johns

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Emphasis On Finished Appearance - A Professional Responsibility, Guy F. Vansant Jr.

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

New Developments In Concrete Bridge Design - Ultimate Strength Design, Rupert E. Bullock

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Transportation Studies For Cities Under 50,000 Population, James W. Fehr

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Standards For Greater Safety On The Highways, Robert E. Johnson

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Status Of The Appalachian Program, Calvin G. Grayson

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Meeting The Program Management Problem, Mitchell W. Tinder

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Transportation Planning, Wilbur S. Smith

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Management In A Changing World, James H. Healey

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Nineteenth Kentucky Highway Conference Committee, Kentucky Transportation Center

Kentucky's Annual Forum on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Establishment And Maintenance Of Roadside Plantings And Turf, K. C. Arnold, J. T. Griffin

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The suitability and choice of different plant materials for roadside planting will be governed primarily by cost of establishment and maintenance, by the effectiveness in stabilizing the soil, and by safety and beauty achieved. It must be recognized that conditions often encountered in roadside planting situations are different from normal conditions found in fields and yards. Soils often consist of unclassified material and are not agricultural soils in the usual sense. The material usually contains very little if any humus and little plant food and often is highly susceptible to erosion. Under these extreme conditions the establishment and maintenance of …

Flow Behavior Of Asphalt Cements, W. A. Mossbarger Jr., John A. Deacon

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The Kentucky Department of Highways in cooperation with the Bureau of Public Roads is conducting a continuing investigation of the fundamental mechanical properties of flexible pavement materials. The ultimate objective of this investigation is to gain sufficient knowledge of the fundamental mechanical behavior of these materials to support the establishment of a responsive flexible pavement design procedure.

A preliminary report, issued in 1964, contained the results of the preparatory phase of this investigation. This report summarized from a theoretical point of view efforts that had been made to quantify the mechanical response of viscoelastic materials to known conditions of loading. …

Unit Weights Of Paving Materials, For Estimating Quantities, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Pursuant to our assignment, continuation issuing from the meeting of March 29, 1967, with Messers Brunnhoeffer, Mathis, et al, the Research Division staff performed specific-gravity tests on an ensemble of gravel samples furnished by Mr. Mays and made further evaluations of those and other data available -- that is, for the purpose of deriving the best or most judicious unit weights -- with a minimum of areal and mineralogical differentiation. Because of previously recognized variances in pavement densities, we elected to proceed on a theoretical basis. On the basis of assumed volume constants, it was possible to calculate theoretical unit …

Economic Impacts Of The Highway Beautification Act In Kentucky, Vincent W. Mcgurl

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The Highway Beautification Act of 1965, Public Law 89-285, has as one of its main purposes "the control of outdoor advertising along interstate and all Federally aided primary highways "in order to protect "the public investment in such highways, to promote the safety and recreational value of public travel and "to preserve natural beauty." The Secretary of Commerce, in cooperation with the state highway departments, was authorized to make a comprehensive study of the economic impact of such legislation on affected individuals and commercial and industrial enterprises.

Research Relating To State Highway Laws, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The Department's study began late in 1962 and was undertaken as a review and analysis of the main body of highway law; but, of course, any subsequential objectives--stated or implied-remained contingent upon and would become a natural consequence of the first-mentioned type of inquiry and the improbablity of discovery. Undoubtedly, the Department was influenced by and was under inducement of the Bureau of Public Roads in this undertaking, The review-and-analysis phase was accomplished, in part, by the School of Law, University of Louisville, acting under contract (CH119 36, dated November 15, 1962) which was subsequently dissolved (9-30-63); a draft report …