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Articles 31 - 60 of 73
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
High Auality Time-Scale Modification Of Speech Using A Peak Alignment Overlap-Add Alogroithm (Paola), David Dorran, Robert Lawlor, Eugene Coyle
High Auality Time-Scale Modification Of Speech Using A Peak Alignment Overlap-Add Alogroithm (Paola), David Dorran, Robert Lawlor, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
The duration of a speech passage can be altered using audio time-scale modification techniques. Time-scale modification can be achieved in the time domain by segmenting the input signal into overlapping frames and recombining the frames with an overlap differing from the analysis overlap. We present a time-scale modification algorithm that uses a simple peak alignment technique to synchronise overlapping synthesis frames. The peak alignment overlap-add (Paola) algorithm also takes advantage of waveform properties to ensure a high quality output for the minimum number of iterations. The new algorithm produces a time-scaled output of approximately equal quality to that of an …
Rationalising The Construction Materials Purchasing Process, Louis Gunnigan, Alan V. Hore, Trevor Orr
Rationalising The Construction Materials Purchasing Process, Louis Gunnigan, Alan V. Hore, Trevor Orr
Conference papers
This paper is concerned with the process used in locating and removing inefficiency in the construction materials purchasing process. In the first part, a case study is presented showing the build-up of costs involved in purchasing materials. Potential for substantial savings is revealed. The second part of the paper gives a status report on a rationalisation pilot project currently being undertaken by the Construction Information Technology Alliance (CITA). This project aims to show how greater effectiveness and efficiency can be applied to the administration of the construction materials purchasing process by the application of information technology already used widely in …
A Wide-Band Shorted Planar Monopole With Bevel, Max Ammann, Zhi Ning Chen
A Wide-Band Shorted Planar Monopole With Bevel, Max Ammann, Zhi Ning Chen
Articles
A new wide-band shorted planar monopole with a bevel is presented. The numerical simulations and measurements demonstrate that the impedance bandwidth of a wide-band planar square monopole is shown to increase dramatically by combining bevelling and a shorting technique. The radiation pattern stability is also discussed.
Modified Planar Inverted-L Antenna, Jonathan Evans, Max Ammann
Modified Planar Inverted-L Antenna, Jonathan Evans, Max Ammann
Conference papers
A hybrid inverted-L antenna (HIL) has been shown to reduce the physical height of a square planar monopole antenna, while retaining a relatively wide impedance bandwidth and good radiation pattern characteristics. The introduction of horizontal slots in the vertical edges of the antenna cause the surface current to meander, resulting in a decrease in the lower edge frequency of the impedance bandwidth. The impact of different sizes and arrangements of slots on impedance and radiation pattern bandwidth, gain and surface current distribution is simulated using transmission line modelling (TLM). Simulated results for impedance bandwidth are verified with measurements. With other …
Air Intake Cooling Motor Vehicle Performance Enhancement, James Brunton, David Kennedy, John D. Kelleher
Air Intake Cooling Motor Vehicle Performance Enhancement, James Brunton, David Kennedy, John D. Kelleher
Articles
This research examined the practical effects of cooling the intake air, on the combustion characteristics of a modern motor vehicle operating under simulated road conditions as well as its subsequent impact on the environment. The cooling effect was achieved by taking a typical air conditioning rig as fitted to a modern motor vehicle and incorporating it into the induction system of the car. The test vehicle used was a 1993 Renault Safrane 2.0Vi standard passenger car that was modified as part of the research to facilitate the extraction of the required test information. A series of tests were conducted using …
Crafting A Research Paper, Ronan Fitzpatrick, Kevin O'Donnell
Crafting A Research Paper, Ronan Fitzpatrick, Kevin O'Donnell
Conference papers
Writing research papers presents numerous different challenges, which vary from how to layout the various pages and format the text to what to include in the different sections that make up the paper. In order to clarify these issues this paper sets out guidelines and best practice approaches and demonstrates their use in the style of this paper.
Managing Content-Initiated Application Delivery With A Client-Side Agent, Niall Roche, Gary Clynch
Managing Content-Initiated Application Delivery With A Client-Side Agent, Niall Roche, Gary Clynch
Conference Papers
Mobile devices have evolved with improvements in processing power and support for various application environments such as MExE [1]. Currently a large number of devices and platforms exist, each with various attributes. Such diversity results in problems providing appropriate applications to these devices. This paper outlines need for an integrated approach to application delivery for mobile devices. The solution allows suitable applications to be delivered to devices. Application management is removed from non-technical mobile device users through the presence of a client-side agent to manage the complexity of application provisioning, device resource management and application management.
Solution Of The Navier-Stokes Equations For Transonic Propeller Flows, Fergal Boyle
Solution Of The Navier-Stokes Equations For Transonic Propeller Flows, Fergal Boyle
Conference Papers
The three-dimensional, compressible, viscous flow field around a general propeller geometry with the inflow at zero angles of incidence and yaw is computed using a Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations solver. Results from validation test cases in which the laminar and turbulent incompressible flow over a flat plate are calculated demonstrate the flow solver is capable of accurately capturing boundary-layer behaviour. Euler solutions from flow field calculations around two very different propeller geometries show a high level of accuracy and efficiency. Preliminary results from a viscous flow field calculation around a two-bladed propeller are very encouraging.
Energy Performance Of Indirect Evaporative Cooling In Chilled Ceiling Applications In Maritime Temperate Climates, Ben Costelloe, Donal Finn
Energy Performance Of Indirect Evaporative Cooling In Chilled Ceiling Applications In Maritime Temperate Climates, Ben Costelloe, Donal Finn
Conference Papers
Evaporative cooling has had limited application in maritime, temperate, climates due to the low levels of cooling water availability which result, when low temperature (5 to 8˚C), convection based, building cooling systems are used. However, the success of "high temperature" radiant cooling, in the form of chilled ceilings, has prompted a review of evaporative cooling in maritime, temperate, conditions. In order to maximize evaporative cooling availability, however, in this application, it is necessary to achieve low wet bulb temperature approach conditions, at viable levels of primary energy consumption. This paper presents the results of experimental research into the energy performance …
A Simulation Model To Characterize Photolithography Process Of A Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication, Amr Arisha, Paul Young, Mohie El Baradie
A Simulation Model To Characterize Photolithography Process Of A Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication, Amr Arisha, Paul Young, Mohie El Baradie
Conference papers
The pressures on semiconductor manufacturers due to cost considerations, rapid growth of process technology, quality constraints, feature size reduction, and increasingly complex devices are increasing requiring ever higher efficiency from the manufacturing facilities. The complexity of manufacturing high capacity semiconductor devices means that it is impossible to analyze the process control parameters and the production configurations using traditional analytical models. There is, therefore, an increasing need for effective models of each manufacturing process, characterising and analyzing the process in detail, allowing the effect of changes in the production environment on the process to be predicted. The photolithography process is one …
Quality Challenges In E-Commerce Websites, Ronan Fitzpatrick
Quality Challenges In E-Commerce Websites, Ronan Fitzpatrick
Conference papers
No abstract provided.
Environmental Planning, Steven Konkel
Improved Pattern Stability For Monopole Antennas With Ultrawideband Impedance Characteristics, Max Ammann
Improved Pattern Stability For Monopole Antennas With Ultrawideband Impedance Characteristics, Max Ammann
Conference papers
The requirement of future software defined and reconfigurable radio networks to operate in multiple, wide-ranging, frequency bands places heavy demands on antenna designs. Rather than using antennas tuned at the time of manufacture to operate in certain predefined frequency bands under predefined radio systems, which limits the possibilities of implementing new radio systems on a reconfigurable terminal, a wideband antenna is proposed. The use of a single antenna which can operate over many octaves is very desirable for future wireless communications systems. We discuss the characteristics of the planar monopole, an antenna with wideband properties. The addition of a second …
Pid Compensation Of Time Delayed Processes 1998-2002: A Survey, Aidan O'Dwyer
Pid Compensation Of Time Delayed Processes 1998-2002: A Survey, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
A time delay may be defined as the time interval between the start of an event at one point in a system and its resulting action at another point in the system. Delays are also known as transport lags or dead times; they arise in physical, chemical, biological and economic systems, as well as in the process of measurement and computation. Methods for the compensation of time delayed processes may be broadly divided into proportional integral derivative (PID) based controllers, in which the controller parameters are adapted to the controller structure, and structurally optimised controllers, in which the controller structure …
Comparison Of Process Identification Techniques In The Time And Frequency Domains, Tony Kealy, Aidan O'Dwyer
Comparison Of Process Identification Techniques In The Time And Frequency Domains, Tony Kealy, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
This paper describes ten methods to identify a mathematical model for a real process with a time delay. The process is the Process Trainer, PT326 from Feedback Instruments Limited. Six of the methods use step response data and one of the methods uses impulse response data for identification. Two of the methods use frequency response data and the final method uses information from relay-based experiments. The best results are obtained using a combined analytical and gradient method [6] in the frequency-domain and, in the time-domain, using the two-point algorithm [1] and a method proposed by Suganda et al. [5].
Site-Specific Probabilistic Load Modelling For Bridge Reliability Analysis, Colin C. Caprani, A. Belay, A. J. O'Connor
Site-Specific Probabilistic Load Modelling For Bridge Reliability Analysis, Colin C. Caprani, A. Belay, A. J. O'Connor
Conference papers
Reliability assessment of a short span beam-slab reinforced concrete bridge in Vienna is proposed using site-specific traffic data recorded using the Slovenian Weigh in Motion (SiWIM) system. An initial evaluation of the bridge using a determinintic approach shows that the critical limit state is bending. This paper describes the statistical analysis of the SiWIM data and the traffic flow simulations performed to predict the characteristic extreme load effects to which the bridge may be subjected during its remaining lifetime. These values are compared to the magnitude obtained from a deterministic approach. The influence lines used in the simulations are the …
Rhythmic Parsing Of Sonified Dna And Rna Sequences, Charlie Cullen, Eugene Coyle
Rhythmic Parsing Of Sonified Dna And Rna Sequences, Charlie Cullen, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
Sonification allows existing mathematical data to be used as the model for audio output, notably that the audio produced is related to or representative of that data in some way. Existing work in the field has been largely focused on the aesthetic tailoring of the output audio for compositional benefit rather than as a framework for audio representation and analysis. It is the goal of this research to apply existing techniques for pitch substitution to an analytical method that seeks to define and represent patterns within existing data sets (primarily DNA and RNA sequences). It is often the case that …
Simulation Activity Diagrams, John Ryan, Cathal Heavey
Simulation Activity Diagrams, John Ryan, Cathal Heavey
Conference papers
This paper presents a technique, Simulation Activity Diagrams (SAD), developed to lessen the modelling burden during the initial requirements gathering phases of a simulation project. The technique also allows the capture and visual communication of detailed information, to manufacturing personnel, which may otherwise be lost in detailed programming code.
A Simulation Model To Characterize Photolithography Process Of A Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication, Amr Arisha, Paul Young, Mohie El Baradie
A Simulation Model To Characterize Photolithography Process Of A Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication, Amr Arisha, Paul Young, Mohie El Baradie
Articles
The pressures on semiconductor manufacturers due to cost considerations, rapid growth of process technology, quality constraints, feature size reduction, and increasingly complex products are requiring ever higher efficiency from manufacturing facilities. The complexity of manufacturing high capacity semiconductor devices means that it is impossible to analyze the process control parameters and the production configurations using traditional analytical models. There is, therefore, an increasing need for effective models of each manufacturing process, characterizing and analyzing the process in detail, allowing the effect of changes in the production environment on the process to be predicted. The photolithography process is one of the …
A Reflection On The Development, Activities And Deliverables Of The Construction It Alliance (Cita) In Ireland, Ken Thomas, Alan V. Hore
A Reflection On The Development, Activities And Deliverables Of The Construction It Alliance (Cita) In Ireland, Ken Thomas, Alan V. Hore
Conference papers
This paper reflects on the development, activities and deliverables of the Construction IT Alliance in the Republic of Ireland. This alliance was formed in 2001 with the vision of harnessing the potential of information and communication technologies in the Irish construction sector. CITA is a prime example of academia-industry-government collaboration in Ireland. A key driver in the development of CITA is the need to increase the extent of IT knowledge within the Irish construction sector. Membership of CITA includes leading architectural, engineering, surveying, management, construction, supplier, IT and academic organisations. The leading academic institutions in CITA are the Technological University …
Rationalising The Construction Materials Purchasing Process, Louis Gunnigan, Alan V. Hore, Trevor Orr
Rationalising The Construction Materials Purchasing Process, Louis Gunnigan, Alan V. Hore, Trevor Orr
Conference papers
This paper is concerned with the process used in locating and removing inefficiency in the construction materials purchasing process. In the first part, a case study is presented showing the build-up of costs involved in purchasing materials. Potential for substantial savings is revealed. The second part of the paper gives a status report on a rationalisation pilot project currently being undertaken by the Construction Information Technology Alliance (CITA). This project aims to show how greater effectiveness and efficiency can be applied to the administration of the construction materials purchasing process by the application of information technology already used widely in …
Design Criteria And Optical Characteristics Of One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals Based On Periodically Grooved Silicon, Vladimir Tolmachev, Tatiana Perova, Kevin Berwick
Design Criteria And Optical Characteristics Of One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals Based On Periodically Grooved Silicon, Vladimir Tolmachev, Tatiana Perova, Kevin Berwick
Articles
Photonic bandgap (PBG) regions have been calculated for periodically grooved Si structures, acting as a one-dimensional photonic crystal. The wavelength range of the PBG as a function of the ratio (DSi/A) is presented, where DSi is the width of the Si walls and A is the grooved silicon lattice constant. The influence of the parameter DSi, the refractive index of the space between the Si walls and the number of structure periods, m, on the forming of PBG regions is discussed. A good correlation between the calculated and the experimentally observed …
Study Of Structure And Quality Of Different Silicon Oxides Using Ftir And Raman Microscopy, C. Moore, T. S. Perova, B. Kennedy, Kevin Berwick, I. I. Shaganov, R. A. Moore
Study Of Structure And Quality Of Different Silicon Oxides Using Ftir And Raman Microscopy, C. Moore, T. S. Perova, B. Kennedy, Kevin Berwick, I. I. Shaganov, R. A. Moore
Articles
In this work, SiO2 and fluorine and phosphorous doped SiO2 thin films are investigated using FTIR and Raman techniques. FTIR spectroscopy was performed at normal and oblique incidence of the probe beam in transmission and reflection modes. The effect of polarisation and angle of incidence of the probe beam is examined for the case of reflection mode. Infrared spectra taken from doped oxides show that the structure changes with the passage of time. Alternate methods to calculate the thickness of the doped film are therefore discussed. Infrared spectra of electron beam evaporated oxides give valuable information on their …
A New Modified Smith Predictor Design, Pauline Sourdille, Aidan O'Dwyer
A New Modified Smith Predictor Design, Pauline Sourdille, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
A new modified Smith predictor structure is presented with its associated tuning rules.
Optical Switches Using Electro-Optical Effects In Liquid Crystals, Yuliya Semenova, S. Dovgalets, Yuri Panarin, Gerald Farrell
Optical Switches Using Electro-Optical Effects In Liquid Crystals, Yuliya Semenova, S. Dovgalets, Yuri Panarin, Gerald Farrell
Articles
A simple displacement sensor based on a bent singlemode-multimode-singlemode (SMS) fiber structure is proposed and experimentally investigated. The sensor offers a wider displacement range, not limited by the risk of fiber breakage, as well as a three-fold increase in displacement sensitivity by comparison with a straight SMS structure sensor. This sensor can be interrogated by either an optical spectral analyzer (OSA) or a ratiometric interrogation system: (1) if interrogated by an OSA assuming a resolution of 1 pm, it has a sensitivity of 28.2 nm for a displacement measurement range from 0 to 280 μm; (2) if interrogated by a …
Drum Transcription In The Presence Of Pitched Instruments Using Prior Subspace Analysis, Derry Fitzgerald, Robert Lawlor, Eugene Coyle
Drum Transcription In The Presence Of Pitched Instruments Using Prior Subspace Analysis, Derry Fitzgerald, Robert Lawlor, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
This paper demonstrates the use of Prior Subspace Analysis (PSA) as a method for transcribing drums in the presence of pitched instruments. PSA uses prior subspaces that represent the sources to be transcribed to overcome some of the problems associated with other subspace methods such as Independent Subspace Analysis (ISA) or sub-band ISA. The use of prior knowledge results in improved robustness for transcription purposes and enables the method to work more readily in the presence of pitched instruments than other subspace methods. The system presented in this paper attempts to extend the use of PSA to transcribe drum sounds …
Time Scale Modification Of Music Using A Subband Approach Based On The Bark Scale, David Dorran, Robert Lawlor
Time Scale Modification Of Music Using A Subband Approach Based On The Bark Scale, David Dorran, Robert Lawlor
Conference papers
Time-domain time-scaling algorithms are efficient in comparison to their frequency-domain counterparts, but they rely upon the existence of a quasi-periodic signal to produce a high quality output. This requirement makes them unsuitable for use on multi-pitched signals such as polyphonic music. However, time-domain techniques applied on a subband basis can resolve the multi-pitch problem. The authors propose an improved subband implementation based upon the bark scale for the time scale modification of music. The new subband approach is supported by psychoacoustic and music theory and subjectively through informal listening tests.
Time-Scale Modification Of Speech Using A Synchronised And Adaptive Overlap-Add (Saola) Algorithm, David Dorran, Robert Lawlor, Eugene Coyle
Time-Scale Modification Of Speech Using A Synchronised And Adaptive Overlap-Add (Saola) Algorithm, David Dorran, Robert Lawlor, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
The synchonised overlap-add (SOLA) algorithm is a commercially popular and considerably researched audio time-scale modification technique. It operates in the time domain and uses a correlation technique to ensure that synthesis frames overlap in a synchronous manner. We present a modification to SOLA that allows the analysis step size adapt to the desired time-scale factor. The synchronised and adaptive overlap-add (SAOLA) alogorithm improves upon the output quality of SOLA for high time-scale factors and reduces the computational requirements for low time-scale factors. However, the computational requirements for high time-scale factors are increased.
Drum Transcription Using Automatic Grouping Of Events And Prior Subspace Analysis, Derry Fitzgerald, Robert Lawlor, Eugene Coyle
Drum Transcription Using Automatic Grouping Of Events And Prior Subspace Analysis, Derry Fitzgerald, Robert Lawlor, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
While Prior Subspace Analysis (PSA) has proved an effective tool for transcribung mixtures of snare, kick drum and hi-hat, attempts to extend it to increased numbers of drum types have met with mixed results. To overcome this an automatic grouping method has been developed to group drum events on their similarity in frequency content. Combined with PSA this creates a system able to handle robustly greater numbers of drum types. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated in a drum transcription algorithm.