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Articles 331 - 360 of 370
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Probable Causes Of Cracking In A Series Of Reinforced Concrete Box Girder Bridges, Steven Milton Bjordahl
Probable Causes Of Cracking In A Series Of Reinforced Concrete Box Girder Bridges, Steven Milton Bjordahl
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis is the result of a study undertaken at the request of the South Dakota Department of Transportation (SDDOT) to determine the probable cause of a specific type of cracking that was observed in a series of reinforced concrete box girder bridges. The cracking consists of horizontal cracks through the end diaphragms of the girder and horizontal cracking over the interior bents. Typical crack patterns obtained from information supplied by the SDDOT are shown in Figure 1.
Ozonation Of A Municipal Groundwater Supply To Reduce Iron, Manganese, And Trihalomethane Formation, Richard Alan Stoebner
Ozonation Of A Municipal Groundwater Supply To Reduce Iron, Manganese, And Trihalomethane Formation, Richard Alan Stoebner
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the feasibility of using ozonation followed by filtration for removal of iron and manganese and prevention of trihalomethane formation. To avoid disruption of the treatment plant operation, pilot-scale units were used in the investigation. The filter media and filtering rates employed during the pilot studies were identical to those used at the East Water Treatment Plant.
Performance And Evaluation Of Swine House Heating With A Solar Energy Intensifier-Thermal Energy Storage System, Albert J. Heber
Performance And Evaluation Of Swine House Heating With A Solar Energy Intensifier-Thermal Energy Storage System, Albert J. Heber
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The urgency for energy independence in the United States is unprecedented in its history. The demand for energy is reflected in rising fuel costs which affects every segment of the economy. Among the most severely affected sectors is the agriculture industry, whose fossil fuel consumption is crucial to its efficient production of food and fiber. Solar, one of several alternative energy sources being developed nationwide has unique possibilities in the U.S. agriculture system. Large areas are available for locating collector units, and the energy requirements in the farm are low compared with the available radiation falling on the area. Drying …
Design Of A Vertical Axis And Turbine-Variable Speed Heat Pump Alternate Energy System, John V. Karnitis
Design Of A Vertical Axis And Turbine-Variable Speed Heat Pump Alternate Energy System, John V. Karnitis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The primary objective if the project is to design an unguyed wind energy conversion system consisting of a Savonius rotor assisted non-articulating 5m (15 ft) diameter Darrius vertical axis wind turbine, which is self-starting, and is mechanically coupled by a V-belt drive to an automotive air conditioning variable speed compressor. The variable speed-compressor is utilized as a mover for a variable speed heat pump system. The basic objective is further subdivided into the following objectives:
1. To develop a preliminary design of the wind energy conversion system, which later cane be modified to the existing energy needs.
2. To predict …
Design And Performance Of A Solar Energy Intensifier System For Drying Shelled Corn, Kenneth J. Hellevang
Design And Performance Of A Solar Energy Intensifier System For Drying Shelled Corn, Kenneth J. Hellevang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since utilizing solar energy as an alternate energy source for agricultural applications is dependent on improvement in the design of solar systems and on documentation of the performance characteristics, reliability and economic feasibility of solar systems, research was conducted with the following objectives: 1. Design a multi-purpose solar energy system with a diurnally tracking solar energy intensifier and a thermal energy storage unit to warm the ventilation air for a swine confinement building and to dry corn. 2. Test the solar energy intensifier-collector system for corn drying under actual conditions. 3. Evaluate the performance and economic feasibility of a diurnally …
Treatment Capabilities Of A Rapid Infiltration Pilot Unit Treating Stabilization Pond Effluent, Richard G. Seas
Treatment Capabilities Of A Rapid Infiltration Pilot Unit Treating Stabilization Pond Effluent, Richard G. Seas
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In October, 1972, Congress passed PL 92-500, "Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 1; which is designed to upgrade the quality of the nation's water. The act requires the formulation of effluent standards that would require use of “best practicable treatment”. The effluent standards are to require use of the "best available" technology by July 1, 1983 (1). PL 92-500 requires the Environmental Protection Agency Administrator to publish information explaining which treatment techniques may be used to meet the requirement of "best practicable treatment". Land application of wastewater has been designated as a viable alternative to traditional treatment …
The Practicality Of The Caldwell-Lawrence Diagrams For Predicting Lime-Softened Water Quality, James A. Arndt
The Practicality Of The Caldwell-Lawrence Diagrams For Predicting Lime-Softened Water Quality, James A. Arndt
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The objectives of the investigation were: 1.) to determine the validity of the Caldwell-Lawrence diagrams in predicting alkalinity, calcium, and pH values at various levels of lime addition of the softening process. 2.) to determine the practical application of the diagram for plant operators in daily operations and design engineers for design calculations. Throughout the investigation, primary consideration was given to the practical aspects of water treatment in terms of water sampled, methodology, and.statistical analysis of test results. Construction of the Caldwell-Lawrence diagrams is based on chemical equilibrium between the carbonic species and calcium and magnesium in water. The theory …
Discharge Measurement And Energy Efficiency Evaluation Of Irrigation Pumping Plants, Bruce A. Jennings
Discharge Measurement And Energy Efficiency Evaluation Of Irrigation Pumping Plants, Bruce A. Jennings
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No information has been available regarding efficiencies of electric irrigation pumping plants in South Dakota. Pumping plant discharge, a key parameter in the calculation of pumping plant efficiency, is often difficult to measure in the field. A project was initiated at South Dakota State University in 1976 to investigate field pumping plant efficiencies. The following objectives were established for the project. 1. To investigate various methods of measuring irrigation pumping plant discharge. 2. To develop a suitable field procedure for determining electric irrigation pumping plant efficiency. 3. To measure energy efficiency of selected electric irrigation pumping plants in South Dakota.
The Effect Of Potassium Permanganate On The Removal Of Iron And Manganese From Ground Water, Mohammad Reza Farvardin
The Effect Of Potassium Permanganate On The Removal Of Iron And Manganese From Ground Water, Mohammad Reza Farvardin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
For the past three years or so, a gradual migration of iron and manganese deposits has been observed in the water mains to the west of the East Water Treatment Plant of Brookings, South Dakota. These deposits have been gradually migrating further westward from the plant (8). Routine analyses of the treated water from the East Plant indicate that the iron and manganese levels are within the USPHS recommended limits (9). Consequently, conclusive evidence that this plant is the source of the problem does not exist. However, the analyses are normally conducted on samples collected shortly before backwashing the filters. …
Ground Water Quality Variation At A Rapid Infiltration Land Treatment System Used For Tertiary Wastewater Treatment, Thomas W. Drake
Ground Water Quality Variation At A Rapid Infiltration Land Treatment System Used For Tertiary Wastewater Treatment, Thomas W. Drake
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Based on the need to monitor nitrates because of the 1977 modifications, as well as upon the original EPA provisions for ground water monitoring, the studies reported in this thesis were initiated. The objectives of this investigation were as follows: 1. To monitor four wells within the influence of the rapid infiltration pilot units, as well as two control wells located beyond the influence of the units, to determine any substantial changes in ground water quality, which might be attributed to the rapid infiltration pilot unit operation; 2. To specifically examine the nitrogen data collected from the perforated drains in …
Comparison Of Theoretical And Experimental Results Pertaining To R-Curves In Low And High Ductility Solids, Rabindra Nath Dash
Comparison Of Theoretical And Experimental Results Pertaining To R-Curves In Low And High Ductility Solids, Rabindra Nath Dash
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Existing linear elastic fracture mechanics and J-integral analyses are well suited for safety assessments of high-strength, low-toughness materials. These analyses apply only to the onset of crack growth, which is usually tantamount to crack instability and structural failure in that class of materials. However, this is not the case for the low-strength, high-toughness materials in which crack instability may be preceeded [sic] by extensive stable crack growth under rising loads. Here, a substantial margin of safety may exist even when the onset of crack growth is imminent. This thesis describes research leading to a ductile fracture-mechanics methodology designed to treat …
Bearing Capacity Of Surface Footings On A Sand Layer Resting On A Rigid Rough Base, Tom Walter Pfeifle
Bearing Capacity Of Surface Footings On A Sand Layer Resting On A Rigid Rough Base, Tom Walter Pfeifle
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to present the results of some recent laboratory model testing on the ultimate vertical load carrying capacity of rough, rectangular, surface footings which were placed on granular soil. A rigid base was located at limited depths. It is expected that these results will lend to a better quantitative understanding of the problem.
Performance Of A Diurnally Tracking Solar Energy-Intensifier, Calvin E. Siegel
Performance Of A Diurnally Tracking Solar Energy-Intensifier, Calvin E. Siegel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The United States agricultural system provides numerous opportunities in which solar energy can be utilized. Low to moderate temperature rise collectors can provide a large percentage of the energy requirements normally met by using high quality fossil fuels. As world demand for food production increases due to a growing population, alternative sources of energy need to be developed and applied as substitutes for these increasingly scarce fossil fuels. Agriculture offers practical advantages for the use of solar heat energy because there exists sufficient area for solar collectors and a wide range of temperature applications on most farmsteads. Demand for energy …
Application Analysis Of A Cellular Geographic Information System, Michael Edward Wehde
Application Analysis Of A Cellular Geographic Information System, Michael Edward Wehde
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
AREAS, the Area REsource Analysis System, was developed by the author as an analytical tool for resource data manipulation in a spatial context. The data base and processing software design factors relevant to economical application are reviewed. The investigation seeks to define a procedure for selection and justification of the grid cell size used to quantify the spatial domain. The performance of a cellular information system is measured in terms of mapping and inventory accuracy. These measures of performance are evaluated for various cellularizations of a single map. The interboundary distance distribution is justified as the only unique characterization of …
Bearing Capacity Of Eccentrically Loaded Surface Footings On A Sand Layer Resting On A Rough Rigid Base, Roland Dale Maynard
Bearing Capacity Of Eccentrically Loaded Surface Footings On A Sand Layer Resting On A Rough Rigid Base, Roland Dale Maynard
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this investigation is to present the results of some recent laboratory model testing of the ultimate load carrying capacity of eccentrically loaded strip, surface footings on sand, with a rigid base located at varying depths. It is expected that these results will. lend to a better quantatative [sic] understanding of the problems encountered in these situations.
Torsional Vibrations Of A Composite Elastic/Viscoelastic Cylindrical Shaft, Deepak Kumar Mullick
Torsional Vibrations Of A Composite Elastic/Viscoelastic Cylindrical Shaft, Deepak Kumar Mullick
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The primary objective of this research is to analyze the torsional vibrations of a composite bar, and the parameters associated with the vibrations. The ultimate goal in this study of vibrations is to determine their effect on the performance and safety of the system under consideration.
An In-Plant Waste Survey Of An Egg-Processing Plant, James R. Schultz
An In-Plant Waste Survey Of An Egg-Processing Plant, James R. Schultz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The total number of eggs produced.in the United States has increased from 40 billion in 1940 to approximately 70 billion in 196 7 (1-265). It is expected that the demand for processed eggs will increase from ten percent of the total production in the 1960's to over 30 percent in the 1970's (2-805). The increase in use of processed eggs will undoubtedly result in an increase in production wastes. To estimate the water pollution potential of egg wastes and to provide the information necessary for procurement of waste discharge permits, knowledge of the volume, strength and treatability of egg-processing wastes …
Viscoelastic Cylindrical Pressure Vessel With Variable Inner Radius, A. N. Joshi
Viscoelastic Cylindrical Pressure Vessel With Variable Inner Radius, A. N. Joshi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this thesis is to predict from a theoretical basis the stress redistribution processes occurring within the viscoelastic core of a cylindrical pressure vessel reinforced by an elastic casing around the outer perimeter, and subject to internal pressure applied to the time-dependent inner boundary of the cylinder. The problem so stated requires development of a new technique leading to a solution for a mixed boundary value problem for a viscoelastic body occupying an ablating cylindrical y-shaped region. The approach taken in this thesis consists in reduction of a governing integro-differential equation to an equivalent set of algebraic equ3tions …
Drip And Sprinkler Irrigation Of Carrots And Onions, James D. Melstad
Drip And Sprinkler Irrigation Of Carrots And Onions, James D. Melstad
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Many specialty crops, especially vegetables, are shallow rooted and sensitive to periods of moisture stress. This makes irrigation of vegetables necessary to their production in South Dakota since summer rainfall is normally both inadequate and undependable. A study was initiated in conjunction with the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and the Water Resources Institute to evaluate irrigation of specialty crops in eastern South Dakota. Drop and sprinkler irrigation were utilized for the irrigation of two specialty crops presently grown in South Dakota, carrots and onions. The study was initiated with the following objectives: 1. To compare carrots and onion yields …
Integrated Numerical Simulation Of Drip Irrigation With Subsurface Drainage, James Ray Hoover
Integrated Numerical Simulation Of Drip Irrigation With Subsurface Drainage, James Ray Hoover
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A numerical method and model were developed to simulate soil moisture during steady-state and transient flow toward a tile drain. Intermittent application of water by drip irrigation and rainfall were simulated by use of finite difference approximation equations. No known analytical solution for these flow situations exists because of the complex mathematics describing unsaturated flow in the soil. The computer model is based on the electrical resistance network analog. The explicit finite difference equations were solved by the successive over-relaxation method for steady-state flow and by iteration for transient soil moisture flow. The computer program for the model consists of …
Evaluation Of Bi-Level Drainage Theory With A Viscous-Flow Analog, James Marfred Kienholz
Evaluation Of Bi-Level Drainage Theory With A Viscous-Flow Analog, James Marfred Kienholz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity of this bi-level theory with a viscous-flow analog. Viscous-flow analogs have been used by many investigators in the past to evaluate analytical solution to drainage problems (Bear, 1972). The objectives of this study are: 1. Design and construct a viscous-flow analog for laboratory and classroom use, 2. Test the reliability of existing bi-level drainage theory with the analog, and 3. Provide design data for use in the solution of bi-level drainage problems. The bi-level drainage theory will be graphically presented for design purposes provided the theory is shown to …
The Unsteady Circulation Distribution In Rotors And Its Application To Noise Studies, Assem A. Fathy
The Unsteady Circulation Distribution In Rotors And Its Application To Noise Studies, Assem A. Fathy
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A new method for the calculation of the unsteady circulation distribution in axial flow compressors was developed. The classical assumption of representing the rotor by a two-dimensional infinite cascade was eliminated. Instead the more realistic case of a radial cascade with blades of finite length was studied. The blades were assumed to be thin and only slightly cambered. The flow was assumed ·to be incompressible and inviscid and the secondary flow effects were neglected. The velocity induced at an arbitrary point of a reference blade due to the bound vortices on the blade under consideration and the other blades and …
Quantification Of Pollutants In Surface Runoff From Agricultural Lands In Brookings County, South Dakota, Leland Lester Harms
Quantification Of Pollutants In Surface Runoff From Agricultural Lands In Brookings County, South Dakota, Leland Lester Harms
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Surface runoff from snowmelt and rainfall was measured 1n eastern South Dakota from seven sites (7.18 to 18.69 acres) during 1971 and 1972. All sites had single crops which included corn, oats, pasture and hayland. All land was farmed under normal farming conditions. Samples were taken periodically throughout each runoff event, and a single composite sample was made from the individual samples for a particular site. The composite sample represented the entire runoff event. The amount of rainfall and the runoff flow were measured. Determinations on the composite sample included total coliform, fecal coliform, fecal streptococcus, soluble pesticides, specific conductance, …
Experimental Study On Viscoelastic Properties And Fracture Characteristics In Polymers, Debaranjan Mohanty
Experimental Study On Viscoelastic Properties And Fracture Characteristics In Polymers, Debaranjan Mohanty
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The research reported in this thesis is undertaken with the following objectives:
1. To determine the viscoelastic properties of polymers on creep test under constant load;
2. To determine the internal friction (loss factor) of polymers under periodic loading condition;
3. To determine the delayed time or life time on fracture of the polymer under constant loading ; and
4. To verify the relationship, theoretically predicted, between the time to fracture and the material characteristics of the polymer with experimental observations.
The Role Of Rainfall Impact And Surface Flow In Soil Detachment And Transport, Robert Alan Young
The Role Of Rainfall Impact And Surface Flow In Soil Detachment And Transport, Robert Alan Young
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Soil erosion caused by rainfall is a very complex physical process. To evaluate the mechanism of erosion so that an assessment can be made of the extent to which it may be controlled necessarily begins with an understanding of the basic fundamental factors involved. The purpose of this study involves the development of an insight of the relative importance of the roles played by various contributors to the erosion process. Particular emphasis is placed on the contribution of rainfall detached soil to total soil loss. Three soil types, Barnes loam, Crofton silt loam and Central sandy loam, were prepared with …
Analysis Of Variation Of River Flow And Water Quality In The White River Basin, Michael Stephen Thompson
Analysis Of Variation Of River Flow And Water Quality In The White River Basin, Michael Stephen Thompson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The main objectives of this White River Basin study were to analyze flow variation records, to investigate existing river water quality data as compared with the designated beneficial uses for the basin and to consider the influence of present and future irrigation development. Data were collected from a number of sources and brought together for interpretation with respect to these objectives. The streamflow study utilizes the streamflow records from 10 gaging stations in the White River Basin. It is expected that the results of this investigation may be of assistance to the South Dakota Water Resources Commission and the South …
A Simulation Of Sediment Deposit In Open Channels, Tsan-Wen Wang
A Simulation Of Sediment Deposit In Open Channels, Tsan-Wen Wang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this study, two mathematical models have been developed to simulate sediment deposition in open-channel flow; a model based on three characteristic equations and a model based on two characteristic equations. A set of three partial differential equations for one dimensional transient flow with homogeneous density was provided to explain the mechanics of the phenomenon. By the method of characteristics, three partial differential equations were transformed into a set of three ordinary differential equations or a set of two ordinary differential equations by simplification in which the change of sediment layer thickness with respect to distance was assumed to be …
An Incrementally Distributed Mathematical Model Of A Watershed, Charles Arnold Onstad
An Incrementally Distributed Mathematical Model Of A Watershed, Charles Arnold Onstad
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The utilization of distributed input parameters enables hydrologists to more adequately cope with watershed management problems. A distributed system aids in evaluating alternative solutions designed to alleviate a problem situation. As a result, the objectives of this study were (1) to develop a hydrological framework delineating the surf ace configuration of a watershed to consider parameter distribution; (2) to develop a model of hydrologic performance of a watershed using existing techniques and amenable to the physical framework; and (3) to demonstrate the versatility of the model using hypothetical data. The model versatility was demonstrated by showing the effects of different …
Experimental Investigation Of Shock Boundary Layer Interaction For Two-Dimensional And Axisymmetric Flow, A. Shawki Zahran
Experimental Investigation Of Shock Boundary Layer Interaction For Two-Dimensional And Axisymmetric Flow, A. Shawki Zahran
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A supersonic wind-tunnel has been constructed using an 8 inch by 10 inch single stage jet vacuum ejector with a capacity of handling 0.4 lb/sec air at 4 inches Hg absolute suction pressure. A Toepler Schlieren system with 10-inch diameter parabolic mirrors has been set up for flow pattern visualization. The same apparatus was developed to obtain multi-colored views of the flow pattern. That was accomplished by placing an equilateral prism in front of the light source located at the focal plane of the first parabolic mirror. A spectrum was thus produced at the focal plane of the second parabolic …
Screening Electrocardiograms Using Hotelling's Method Of Principle Components, Edward G. Schwartz
Screening Electrocardiograms Using Hotelling's Method Of Principle Components, Edward G. Schwartz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Considerable use is presently being made of computers to classify electrocardiograms (ECGs) into various heart defect categories. An example of such a program is the "Electrocardiographic Analysis Program" developed jointly by the Mayo Clinic and IBM. In one of Dr. Caceres published reports, he tells of using a computer program which involves 5,000 instructions. Dr. Caceres does not say whether this is a commercial program or one of bis own. His description does place this program in the same general category as IBM's. These programs have the common criteria of examining the ECG for the same information that a cardiologist …