Engineering Commons^™

An Improvement In The Chemical Engineering Simulation System, Roman Andreyuk

Theses

The accurate design of chemical processing plants is important to the chemical engineer. The original version of CHESS (Chemical Engineering Simulation System) greatly reduced the amount of time which previously had to be spent on the design of such plants by providing the engineer with a package which simulated some of the more common pieces of chemical processing equipment found in a typical chemical plant.

The present version of the Chemical Engineering Simulation System (CHESS2) presents a significant improvement over the original version. The improvement was achieved by expanding the thermodynamic package, offering the user a choice of methods by …

A Finite Difference Solution Of An Ideal, Normal, Impinging Jet, Luis A. Gast

Theses

The free boundary of a circular jet of an irrotational, inviscid, incompressible, fluid impinging normally to a flat surface from a height of 2 times the nozzle radius, was found by a finite difference method.

Starting with a graphical solution, approximate values of the potential were given to the nodes at the field.

Having the equipotential lines perpendicular to the axis of the jet, perpendicular to the impinging surface, and having defined the value of the potential at both the entrance and exit of the jet, a finite difference expression of the Laplace's equation was used in an iteration scheme …

An Application Of Personal Microcomputer To Solve Mid-Sized Goal Programming Problems, Chanhon Joe Lu

Theses

This thesis develops a microcomputer software to solve mid-sized goal programming problems utilizing the revised simplex method.

Goal programming is an extension of linear programming, but is more powerful and flexible than linear programming because of its capability in handling problems with multiple conflicting objectives, instead of dealing with "one dimensional" objective - profit maximization or cost minimization. Accordingly, goal programming is very useful to the complex organizational environments.

With the help of rapid and accurate computation of digital computers, solving a complex program is not a difficult task at all. However, some medium-sized companies cannot afford a mainframe -computer, …

Behavior Of Composite Steel-Fibrous Concrete Beams, Avijit Mookerjee

Theses

This research thesis on composite steel-fibrous concrete is based on a series of beam tests conducted in the Structural and Concrete Laboratory of the New Jersey Institute of Technology.

In the first series of tests, two twenty-foot two-span continuous beams were tested. In the first beam, plain reinforced concrete was used in the construction of the composite beam. The second beam had 1.5% by volume of steel fibers in the concrete.

In the second series, four composite T-beams were tested. Two of the beams had 1% of steel fibers by volume. The other two beams were constructed using plain concrete. …

Organizing To Manage Future Information Technologies, John Patrick Paczkowski

Theses

The area of information technology has undergone dramatic changes over the past ten years, and the rate of change is expected to continue to accelerate through the 1980's and beyond. The newly developing information systems are providing organizations with numerous options for enhancing the quality of managerial decision making, speeding communications and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of administrative/office processes. Unfortnately, many organizations are discovering that they are unable to effectively assimilate and utilize the technology effectively. Chief executives are finding that the traditional structures for managing Data Processing, Telecommunications, and office systems are often fragmented, lack the technical expertise …

Nomographs And Tables For Simplified Thermal Analysis Of Power Piping, Dhanjibhai N. Patel

Theses

This Thesis develops Nomographs and Tables for simplified thermal analysis of " Power Piping." It gives the length of required Thermal Relieve Leg when a set of piping parameters such as, pipe size, pipe material, operating temperature and pipe length are given.

The Nomographs and Tables developed here can be used

1. to determine the primary piping layout, piping route, support location etc. before vigorous conputer analysis is performed.

2. to help the Field Engineer on the plant site to make " on the spot " decisions on pending piping route changes.

Two Nomographs are developed in this Thesis. One …

Failure Surface For L-Shaped Reinforced Concrete Short Columns, Mon-Chen Liu

Theses

Combined bending and axial compression for L-shaped reinforced concrete short columns is a common problem. But the present ACI Building Code (ACI 318-77), handbooks and texbooks pay no attention to this problem. A numerical analysis and computer program developed by Hsu fora reinforced concrete member subject to biaxial bending and axial load has been used Using this computer program, the interaction diagrams and failure surface were developed for L-shaped members under combined bending and axial compression. A comparison between theoretical and experimental results was included to examine the validity of failure surface.

Broadband Base Isolated Asymetrically Fed Vhf Antenna, Peter Edward Cunningham

Dissertations

Antennas presently being used for vehicular military VHF communications are narrowband. New generation frequency hopping radios, however, require broadband antennas. The antenna must be base isolated in order to reduce undesirable pattern nulls and impedance variations caused by currents induced on the support structure. Physical constraints limit the antenna length to three meters while operating from a frequency of 30 MHz to 88 MHz.

To satisfy the above requirements a model of a broadband, base isolated, cylindrical antenna less than three meters long was analyzed and built. Equations for the current distribution as a function of the physical parameters were …

Moment Method Solution Of The Time-Dependent Transport Equation To Describe The Scattering Of Gaussian Plane Wave Pulses By A Forest, Nack Yang Cho

Theses

The time dependent transport equation is used to study the transmission of periodic pulses through a forest. The forest is assumed to occupy a half-space region, to be statistically homogeneous and to scatter energy isotropically A periodic sequence of Gaussian plane wave pulses is assumed to enter the forest normally from free space. The transport equation is solved by the moment method using triangular expansion functions. Numerical results indicate the dependence of the incoherent intensity on penetration depth, observation angle, albedo and pulse repetition rate.

Numerical Solution Of Navier-Stokes Equation By Finite Element Method, Kuan-Tzong Lee

Theses

A finite element method for solving the entrance flow in a parallel-plate channal at low Reynolds number has been studied. Two methods of formulation for both incompressible viscous and inviscid fluid flows were developed. The first uses stream function and potential function as field variables while the second uses velocity and pressure. Both formulations presented here ultilized variational principle and weighted residual method. The numerical example was solved by constrained variational principle with penalty functions in conjunction with the Newton-Raphson method. A 9-node quadratic quadrilateral element was used in this example. Numerical results for entrance flow problem were obtained for …

Computer Aided Analysis Of Electroencephalographic Waveforms, Edward Tadeusz Polkowski

Theses

An approach to analysis of EEG waveforms is described. The procedure utilizes a PDP -11 computer to perform a Fast Fourier Transform on four channels of data simultaneously. The transforms are done in real time and. the results are plotted in a manner which allows the operator to easily determine the major background activity and to check for left-right symmetries in brain waves. Patient data is used to verify the computer output against actual clinical diagnoses.

Steady State Heat Transfer From Two Concentric Rings Of Spheres, Kevin J. Fitzpatrick

Theses

The method of reflections was used to solve the steady state heat transfer problem for two concentric rings of spheres, all at equal surface temperature. The method results in a mathematical model for the three dimensional temperature profiles around the array of spheres. This model is used to develop an expression for heat transfer rate from the array. This work has resulted in a solution for dilute systems since no ring to ring interaction term was found.

On The Analysis And Design Of Clamped Rectangular Plate With Partial Load, Yacin Saaid Jaboury

Theses

In this Thesis, maximum deflection and bending moments of a partially loaded clamped rectangular plate are studied. The loading is uniformly applied to a retangular area proportional to the shape.

Navier's Solutions on partially loaded simply supported rectangular plate is superimposed with edge moments to give the clamped boundry condition.

Solutions of maximum deflection and bending moments are derived in Double Series form. A Fortran program is employed in obtaining the numerical results. When the partially loaded area approaches zero it becomes a centrally loaded case; and when loading area to plate area ratio approaches unity it becomes a uniformly …

Behavior Of Reinforced Fibrous Beam-Column Joints Under Cyclic Loads, Sitaram Mahadev

Theses

From exploratory research of reinforced fibrous concrete, it has been shown that fibrous concrete is potentially superior and less costly than the conventional reinforced concrete.

The testing program consisted of ten beam-column joints with half of these joints containing 1-1/2 percent hooked end fibers. The beam column joints were constructed with less hoops than a conventional seismic joint would have, according to design specifications of the American Concrete Institute Code (ACI 318-77). In studying the behavior of these beam-column joints, two loading cases were examined:

(1) critical regions whose inelastic behavior was controlled by bending, and

(2) critical regions whose …

Error Detection For Data Communication Systems, John Biancamano

Theses

A description of the problems encountered in the data communications field and the various solutions can be found in a number of diverse, and often theoretical sources. My intention in writing this thesis is to bring together, in a practical and understandable manner, the theory and the application of a method of error detection used extensively in data communication systems known as the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC).

To provide some background on the subject, a description of a data communication system is presented, and the possible sources of error are explored in some detail. Data transmission formats are described, and …

Flow Tube Reactions Of Selected Chlorocarbons With Molecular Hydrogen Or Water Vapor In A Microwave Induced Plasma Reactor, Robert Benedict Barat

Theses

The reactions of various chlorinated hydrocarbons with molecular hydrogen or water vapor have been studied in a microwave plasma tubular flow reactor. The investigation of such reactions is desirable because the often toxic parent chlorocarbons are transformed to more thermodynamically stable and relatively non-toxic products by removal of' chlorine atoms as hydrogen chloride. Present detoxification technologies generally employ thermal oxidation as a means of disposal of chlorocarbons, which does not offer a thermodynamically stable sink for the chlorine atoms.

The experimental apparatus included feed introduction systems, a microwave plasma reactor, and full product analyses. The feed systems enabled use of …

Motion Of Viscous Liquid In Rotating Cylinder, Chicheng Wu

Dissertations

A computer model for the withdrawl and buildup of the fluid from the pool bounded on the horizontal, rotating, cylindrical surface has been developed. For a incompressible Newtonian fluid, the model is based upon the modified SOLA-SURF algorithm to solve the finite-difference form of Navier-Stokes equations on primitive variables. A hybird of centered and partial donor cell differencings is applied to the momentum convective flux. In each time cycle, the cell velocity is adjusted by the pressure corrector and iterates to satisfy the equation of continuity. The free surface position is approximated by a surface height function derived from kinematic …

The Effects Of Formal Human Leadership And Computer-Generated Decision Aids On Problem Solving Via Computer : A Controlled Experiment, Computerized Conferencing & Communications Center, Starr Roxanne Hiltz, Kenneth Johnson, Murray Turoff

Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center Reports

Twenty-four groups of five professionals and managers within a variety of organizations were given the task of using a computer conference to reach agreement on the best solution to a ranking problem.

The independent variable is the structure of the conferencing capability used. Two alternative means of structuring the conferences were employed, in a two-by-two factorial design. Groups with "Human Leadership" elected one of their members to lead the group in its decision making discussion. Groups with "Computer Feedback" were given periodic tables which displayed the current "group decision" in terms of the mean rankings of items, and the degree …

Removal Of Fluoborate From Electroplating Rinse Water By Ion Flotation, Ray Haralson

Dissertations

A problem exists in the removal of fluoborate from electroplating waste rinse water. The normally used waste treatment methods are not effective and the vacuum evaporation process now being tried is expensive and energy intensive. Experiments were conducted and an alternative treatment process which shows substantial removals of the fluoborate was developed. This can be effectively done using ion flotation techniques. A broad range of surfactants were screened for usefulness in this process and it was found that an aliphatic amine acetate was usable in this process. Operating parameters for the process were investigated, and the removal mechanism was determined …

Nonlinear Analysis Of Shear Walls And Shear Panels By Finite Element Method, Erhan Atay

Theses

The objective of this work was to determine the feasibility of applying the Finite Element Method to Nonlinear Analyses of Shear Walls and Shear Panels.

Various existing methods are reviewed and discussed.

These studies determined that the application of Finite Element Method to Nonlinear Analysis of Shear Walls and Shear Panels is being misused in many cases but is very practical and promising where justified. However more studies are needed for the manner of modeling to be used to connect the wall to beam and slab elements that frame into that wall. To model the coupled beams as plane stress …

Fractionation Of Multicomponent Mixtures By Staged Sequence Cyclic Process And Parametric Pumping, Charles Omotayo Kerobo

Dissertations

The continuous fractionation of multicomponent fluid mixtures has been experimentally and theoretically investigated by staged sequence cyclic process and parametric pumping operating in the direct thermal mode.

A multicolumn staged sequence cyclic process for the separation of solute mixtures was developed. The criteria necessary for the continuous fractionation of a system of n solutes with n+1 columns arranged in a series operated with n+1 cyclic variables is presented. The feasibility for practical application of this process was demonstrated by fractionating the model system, O-xylene-Anisole-n-heptane on silica gel. The separation was modeled by one column staged sequence experimental data and by …

Separation Of Proteins Via Ph Parametric Pumping With Electric Field, Helen Conway Hollein

Dissertations

A new semi-continuous parametric pumping process for the separation of protein mixtures has been developed, based on cyclic variation of pH and electric field. The model system used for this process consisted of a mixture of human serum albumin and human hemoglobin in contact with CM Sepharose cation exchanger. Experimental results show that the protein separation via the pH parapump with electric field is two to three times greater than the results which are obtained in batch chromatography or via either single-column or multi-column parapumps with cyclic variation of pH and ionic strength.

The separation in the new process depends …

Adaptive Delta Modulation, Aliuddin Ahmad

Theses

The objective of this thesis is the study of the performance of instantaneously companded adaptive delta modulation (ADM) systems in comparison with linear delta modulation (LDM) in terms of signal to quantization noise ratio (SNR). Various schemes for ADM are discussed and their advantages and disadvantages are indicated. SNRs are calculated by simulation, with IBM's continuous system modeling programming (CSMP) language being used as a tool for simulation. LDM, first and second order constant factor delta modulation (CFDM), has been simulated and responses for different types of input signals are presented.

A Modified Unifac Model For The Prediction Of Henry's Constants, Carlos Alberto Marques Antunes

Theses

A group-contribution model for the correlation and prediction of Henry's constants in single solvents is presented. The mode: involves a one-parameter per gas/ solvent group pair UNIFAC expression extended to incorcorate free volume effects. The model is applied to three gases, CH₄, N₂, and O₂ in alkane solvents and in water. Good results, including a successful description of the temperature dependency of the Henry's constants, are obtained with typical accuracy of ± 10%.

Transportation Alternatives For Peak Period Passenger Travel In Greater Georgetown, Ahamad Baksh

Theses

Alternatives to present a workable and cost effective solution(s) to the inadequate supply of public transportation during the peak hour periods in Greater Georgetown (Guyana) are examined. Various transportation system management strategies that could help in either to service the peak period demands by more effective utilization of available transport resources or to manage these demands by altering peaks patterns, are discussed. Data from the transportation study aspect of the "Physical Plan for Greater Georgetown", conducted by the Central Housing and Planning Authority as well as data from the files of the Central Transport Planning Unit of the Ministry of …

Resources Reference Guide 1 : A Preliminary Reference Guide For The Resources Network Database System, Computerized Conferencing & Communications Center

Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center Reports

IT IS EMPHASIZED THAT THIS PRELIMINARY DOCUMENTATION FOR THE RESOURCES NETWORK DATABASE SYSTEM CONFORMS TO THE SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS.

RESOURCES REFERENCE GUIDE 1 is for limited distribution and review. It is not a user manual. Your interaction with the system may not always be exactly as described. All major features except keyword relations are supported in part, if not fully, at this time. Operation of some facilities are some what slow pending funding for optimization.

Groups and individuals wishing to use RESOURCES on the Electronic Information Exchange System should make arrangements through the Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center at the New …

Remote Attitude Measurement Techniques, Frank John Elmer

Dissertations

A method has been developed for solving practical problems which can be expressed in terms of physical geometry. These problems often involve combining directional information observed by remotely located sensors reported in their own respective local coordinate systems. To transform this information into a common coordinate system, the attitude of the sensors must be measured with respect to this common coordinate system.

Physical geometry is a generalization of mathematical -geometry where objects define the endpoints of figures composed of ensembles of lines. A probabilistic approach has been taken which is based on the fundamental assumption that the objects can be …

Crimp-Type Electrical Connectors, Ted Lai-Che Kuo

Dissertations

Three types of surface conditions (plain surface, plain surface with oxidation inhibitor, and toothed surface) and four types of environmental gases (air, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen) were used to study the performance of electrical connectors installed on aluminum conductors. All of the connectors were placed insealed vessels which allowed the desired type of gas to flow at a steady rate. The connectors were then current cycled.

For the connections prepared with plain surfaces, the connectors deteriorated equally fast in air, nitrogen and hydrogen. Only the connectorsexposed to oxygen showed a higher deterioration rate than the others.

Connections prepared withhaving plain …

An Experimental Study Of Multiple Steady States In A Photopolymerization Reactor, Chih-Ning Kuan

Dissertations

An experimental study of photosensitized free radical polymerization of styrene in both batch and continuous stirred tank reactors is presented. Each reactor was run under both adiabatic and isothermal conditions. Multiple steady states were investigated. Exact multiplicity and uniqueness criteria for the above systems were derived and a mathematical model developed to correlate the results.

For both adiabatic and isothermal continuous stirred tank reactors operating in the metastable state regions, the conversion and polymer molecular weight are greater than the corresponding lower steady state operations. At a given conversion level, the reaction time for both adiabatic and isothermal continuous stirred …

The Entrainer Effect On Azeotropic Distillation Column Design, Charles Ming-Hsiao Tsai

Dissertations

A rigorous multistage distillation model was developed for use with non-ideal multicomponent systems. A subsidiary computer program was also developed to handle the problem of two liquid phases after condensation of a vapor.

Using the program developed, entrainer entry location and rate effects have been investigated via computer simulation for azeotropic distillation columns. The specific example used to verify the procedure was an ethanol dehydration column using benzene as the entrainer. The results indicate that the entrainer should enter the column two to five theoretical stages above the feed. The optimum entrainer rate was also determined.

The overhead vapor product …