Engineering Commons^™

Finite Element Method In Turbo Pascal, Tingwang Kuo

Theses

A finite element program FEM2D in FORTRAN language by J.N. Reddy has been translated into TURBO PASCAL and several features such as interactive input, mesh generation for a rectangular plate with a circular hole at the center of the plate and graphical display of the meshes and node numbers have been implemented. Four examples including potential flow and plane stress problems have been tested successfully. It is concluded that the PASCAL language on a microcomputer can he used to write a finite element program and is easier to give graphical display than FORTRAN language. The maximal number of nodes that …

Development Of A Novel Dentin Bonding Agent And Testing For Mechanical Properties, Mircroleakage And Toxicity, Sanjay V. Odak

Theses

In this study a dentin bonding agent based on Tolylene diisocyanatc with o chlorophenol as a blocking agent was tested. Bond strength with dentin was determined using a clinically relevant test method. A comparison was made using commercially available bonding agents and restorative resins. A simulation of microleakage around restorations was performed using a "Silver staining technique". Microleakage was quantified using digital image analysis, and a method was proposed to compensate for the loss of the third dimension during image analysis. Layer-by-layer curing of restorative, and an acid etching technique was used to improve bonding to dentin. The oral LD50 …

Arithmetic Pipline Scheduler, Chun-Ta Pan

Theses

A schedule is used to determine which stages of an arithmetic pipeline are active at any particular time. It can determine when another process can be introduced into the pipeline so no more than one set of data will use the same stage at the same time. The Arithmetic Pipeline Scheduler (APS) is a software tool used to analyze schedules for different operations and determine greedy schemes for introducing data into the pipeline. The user can use APS to process up to ten arithmetic equations. The user also can use APS to define different configurations of stages. Besides, APS can …

Computer Analysis Of The Electrocardiogram Using Hardware Digital Signal Processing, Mohammad Ashfaque Shaikh

Theses

A system based on the microcomputer IBM PC-AT has been realized to acquire and filter the clinical electrocardiogram (ECG) data in real time. The system program further detects and analyzes the ECG signals for possible cardiac arrhythmias.

This research is based on work done by previous researchers and achieves significant goals towards achieving on-line arrhythmia detection using a microcomputer. The system uses the hardware and software package ASPI 320/PC from Atlanta Signal Processors Inc. This hardware configuration uses a special purpose instrumentation microprocessor ( TMS32010 from Texas Instruments) to coprocess the ECG signals. Coprocessing the signals with the ASPI 320/PC …

Development Of A Knowledge-Based System For Human Error Analysis, Bang-Chiang Sung

Theses

Human Factors is one of several essential issues in a discussion of system productivity. Its consideration must be included in the design, development, operation, and maintenance of any human-machine system. In order to maximize the system productivity, humans must perform with their maximum possible efficiency. To achieve this, all human-related activities must be evaluated to determine their possible causes of errors and the consequences. Then, if unable to completely remove, the causes of human errors must be minimized.

This thesis integrates a knowledge of expert system into an analysis of human errors. Its objective is to develop a knowledge-based system …

Implementation Of A Cross Coupled Phase Locked Loop System With Closed Loop Amplitude Control, Behzad Sadeghi

Theses

A system was designed, to demodulate an FM signal in presence of an interfering signal whose frequency was very close to the desired signal, this system was implemented and tested based on the theory of cross coupled phase locked loop systems, originaly proposed by (1).

This system included two phase locked loops for the purpose of demodulation, two low pass filters and two integrators, for the purpose of amplitude estimation. Two additional phase locked loops were designed to act as a 90° phase shifter. The following is the result of the theory, design procedure and some tabulated data for this …

Simulation Of Aids Patient Detoxification By An Extracorporeal Device And Related Experimental Studies, Mansoor Yusuf Kapadvanjwala

Theses

A simple numerical simulation of an AIDS patient detoxification by an extracorporeal device for the removal of virus has been designed. The mathematical model accounts for healthy white cells (W) attacking and destroying the virus (V), while at the same time the virus attacks and infects certain white cells. The infected white cells (W_i) serve as a site for viral growth, and finally the cell is lysed, releasing a large number of viruses in the blood stream. This model can be used to predict concentrations over a given period for the patient.

The device incorporates an antitwister mechanism …

Data Extraction And Analysis In Glucose Monitor, Chang Qian

Theses

For the purpose of building a workstation to read and analyze data from hand-held, home use glucose monitor, a new high performance Digital Oscilloscope Peripheral (DOP) for PC is used to easy sample and store data, and it is described here. The new features of DOP are discussed and some application software packages for different purpose are described here in detail.

Since the sampled data from the hand-held, home use glucose monitor is irregular and in random form, the Least-Square Polynomial Modeling Method is used to produce a fit curve line, which best goes through most data points. Using the …

Oxidation Of Toluene, Benzene And P-Xylene In A Photoreactor, Shiey-Shiun Horng

Theses

A new photoreactor was designed with stainless steel to oxidize refractory chemicals found on the EPA priority list. This new system was investigated by conducting experiments with three three model compounds, namely, toluene benzene and p-xylene. While toluene and benzene reactions are similar, they are faster with UV/ozone than UV/H₂O₂ and p-xylene reacts even faster with UV/ozone than UV/H₂O₂. The experimental data obtained were analyzed by GC and used to interpret the reaction kinetics from proposed models. The rate constants and mass transfer coefficients were found by using the Rosenbsrock Hillclimb optimization algorithm. …

A Productivity Measurement System For Human Resources Management, Vivian C. Keenan

Theses

A Productivity Measurement System was designed to meet the needs of a company's Human Resources management. This thesis presents the design, testing, and implementation of this system.

During the design stage, the jobs and main activities were identified and the key volume indicators were established. Data was collected using time studies, work sampling techniques and historical data. Time studies and historical data were used primarily to measure the information for the activities. Work sampling techniques proved to be very effective in obtaining measurements for personal time and unavoidable delays.

The data was analyzed and time standards were set for the …

Clinical Base Station For Portable Patient Monitoring Equipment, Silin Kuang

Theses

In today's clinical environment, where it is not always desirable to have a computer terminal present, a microcontroller-based biomedical system with multi-purpose features is needed. The present work offers an approach for a clinical based desktop workstation that provides the physician with record files, general management of his patient group, and specific algorithms for patient or group analyses. The workstation has the capabilities to acquire a large number of data from a portable patient monitoring device, generate a hard copy graphic record, create a patient cardfile and an . office personnel loggin file, and check patient's appointment and emergency list. …

Istemcr : Integrated System For Truck Engine Monitoring Via Cellular Radio, Tse-Shan Pan

Theses

The study presented is aimed at the application of the Data Acquisition to The Truck Engine as the source of all the signals, with the mobile telephone Cellular Radio system.

A Word Based Data Compression Using Arithmetic Encoding, Christopher Dean Peckham

Theses

It is usually difficult to compress data from a statistically unknown source and yield a good compression ratio. Using the fact that words are the fundamental basis of the written language, a data compression scheme based on words should yield high compression ratios. Discussed here is a compression scheme that gathers words from the source stream and places them in a dictionary, or word list, to use later in the coding, thereby becoming adaptive to the words in a given file without prior knowledge of the source. When a word is in the word dictionary, it is encoded by its …

Estimation Of In-Situ Compression Index Of Contaminated Clays Using The Electrical Method, Prasanna Ratnaweera

Theses

For contaminated clay soils, it has been found that current testing methods to determine compressibility characteristics do not truly identify the physico-chemiral interaction present in the soil-pore fluid-electrolyte system. Most methods are virtually impracticable due to various reasons such as evaporation of pore-fluid, difficulty of handling toxic chemicals, etc. Also, destructive test methods may not maintain in-situ conditions while testing.

The electrical properties of soils, the dielectric dispersion in particular is considered to represent the amount of physico-chemical interaction present in the soil-pore fluid-electrolyte system. For uncontaminated soils, correlations between the dielectric dispersion and the slope of the isotropic consolidation …

Reactor Design For Hazardous Waste Treatment Using A White Rot Fungus, Daewon Pak

Dissertations

Various nutrient media and reactor configurations have been explored in order to grow the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium, induce its active enzyme, develop kinetic data for the degradation of 2-chlorophenol, and use chemical engineering analysis to design an efficient reactor.

Preliminary experiments indicated that the biodegradation rate was improved by two to three orders of magnitude when the fungus was immobilized. As a result, emphasis shifted to two types of reactor design: a packed-bed reactor employing a silica-based porous support, and a fluidized-bed reactor employing alginate beads. Both were very effective in degrading 2 chlorophenol at inlet concentrations up …

Assessment Of Autonomic Regulation Of Heart Rate Variability, Shaw-Jyh Shin

Dissertations

Complex demodulation, accompanied by the techniques of interpolation, detrending and zero-phase-shift lowpass filtering were used to examine the effect of both divisions of the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic) on heart rate by analyzing the heart rate variability signal from dogs under two different classical conditionings: CS+ and CS-, which cause different dynamic pattern changes in the autonomic nervous system to regulate the heart rate.

Unlike power spectral analysis, complex demodulation gives results in the time domain and shows the variation of amplitude and phase over time at a given frequency. The variation of phase indicates the frequency deviation …

Multiyear Drought Simulation With Periodic-Stochastic Hydrologic Processes, Lankeswara Hemal Wijayaratne

Dissertations

Previous studies on multiyear droughts are often limited to the analysis of historic annual flow series. A major problem in these studies is the unavailability of long historic flow records, on which to perform the analysis. To overcome this difficulty, the present study has used synthetically generated mean annual flow series to suppliment the historic flows. For the purpose of generating flows, a general methodology was developed to propose a mathematical model based on the harmonic and stochastic analyses of the historic flow series. The main objective was to derive a large population of multiyear drought events from the generated …

Sorption And Desorption Of Organic Compounds By Flyash, Kashinath Banerjee

Dissertations

A sorbent treatment process has been developed which uses flyash as sorbent in the treatment of highly toxic and hazardous chemicals; these include: Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones and Aromatics. Batch, as well as dynamic, studies were performed, in different phases, during the investigation. Single and multiple solute systems were examined separately. The samples were analyzed using a Flame Ionization Detector Gas Chromatograph.

The result of this study demonstrates that isolation/ immobilization of the organic pollutants is technologically feasible by adsorbing the contaminants onto flyash. The residual carbon content of the flyash plays a very significant role during the treatment process. The …

Wastewater Treatment : Phenol Extraction By Liquid Membrane, Jan-Ming Hou

Theses

Two models for the extraction of phenol by means of liquid surfactant membranes is presented in which external mass transfer around w/o emulsion drop, phase and chemical equilibria are taken into account.

The nonlinear coupled P.D.E.'s is solved under assumptions to get a close-formed analytical approximate solution. The experimental results on the batch extraction of phenol are found to be satisfactory simulated by one of the proposed models provided that phenol concentration is higher than 0.01N. The model requires no adjustable parameter thus it can predict the extraction behavior without doing experiments.

Recycled Plastics As Fillers In Polymer Cement Concrete Composites, Shian-Jong Liu

Theses

How to handle the plastic waste is a big task for the modern society in environmental protection. People already focus on it, especially in PET soft drink bottles. Although PET bottle can be reclaimed, its usages are restricted due to the limitation in color and difficulty in purification.

On the other side, concrete is the most common material for human beings to used [sic] in construction. Concrete has good compressive strength, but poor [sic] in flexural and tensile strengths, which limits its applications. So, scientists try to improve its properties by adding the polymer into the conventional concrete, to enhance …

System Performance Criteria In Cdma Networks Using Gold Codes, Yong H. Kim

Theses

First, we have presented the autocorrelation and crosscorrelation properties for periodic and aperiodic binary sequences. The generation of binary sequences using shift registers with feedback was reviewed. We have also included correlation properties for the Gold codes.

Next, we discussed Gold code generation for the balanced and unbalanced Gold codes.

Thirdly, we investigated the number of simultaneous users in a CDMA system using Gold codes for the worst case and the average case of mutual interference.

Finally, we simulated the probability of interference exceeding a threshold value, and the average crosscorrelation value caused by interference in a CDMA network which …

Modeling And Simulation Of Robot Arms With Flexible Links, John G. Danis

Theses

The design of lightweight robot arms introduces a degree of flexiblity in the individual links which renders the arm difficult to control. Solution of the control problem requires accurate and detailed mathematical models of the arm dynamics. A comprehensive survey of the current literature in this area has shown that although many such models exist, there is a great diversity in their structure, function, and applicability. The different objectives and techniques of model development which lead to this diversity are examined and summarized in this thesis. Bases for classification of the mathematical models and techniques of development are established, and …

Agitation Requirements For Complete Dispersion Of Emulsions, Dun-Huang Tsai

Theses

An investigation on the minimum agitation speed required to achieve complete dispersion in liquid-liquid systems has been carried out. A model based on the momentum balance for a droplet and on Kolmogoroff's theory of isotropic turbulence was used for the prediction of the role of the most important variables on the minimum agitation speed. The equation so derived can be expressed in terms of a number of non- dimensional groups (such as Re, Ar, and Su). For geometrically similar systems the equation contains only one adjustable parameter ( to be determined experimentally) in the form of the proportionality constant correlating …

Use Of Recirculation Reactor To Study Biodegradation Of 2-Chlorophenol, Kai-Chung Yang

Theses

The performance of immobilized cells in the treatment of hazardous waste was investigated using a recirculation flow reactor run in a batch mode. A mixed microbial population from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was immobilized in calcium alginate gel. The bio-oxidation ability of these microbes towards a model toxin (2-chlorophenol) was studied. The process parameters studied were as follows:

1. Flow rate of the recycle stream;
2. Biomass loading;
3. Spiking concentration of 2-chlorophenol;
4. Use of buffered vs. non-buffered defined medium.

Dissolved oxygen concentration was monitored using a flow Clark-type dissolved oxygen probe. Oxygen consumption was correlated with the biodegradation of 2-chlorophenol. Physical …

Apap: The Arithmetic Pipeline Analysis Package, Chang-Chieh Lin

Theses

This study is aimed at the development of an interactive PC-based package for simulating data flow within an arithmetic pipeline in multiprocessor systems. The user constructs the arithmetic pipeline, specifying the functionality of each segment, the intersegment connectivity and pipeline inputs and outputs. After defining reservation tables and data, analysis is performed with the results available in tabular, simple graphic and animated graphic forms.

APAP allows the user to design hardware and analyze its functionality with-out building the circuit, an economical alternative. Even when circuits are to be built, APAP allows the user to correct logic errors before implementation, leaving …

The Quantitative Determination Of Formaldehyde In Ambient Air (Analytical Method), Chitsan Lin

Theses

A procedure for coating in situ silica gel in prepacked cartridges with 2,4-dinitrophenylhvdrazine (DNPH) acidified with hydrochloric acid is described. The method was evaluated under practical field conditions in The Northern New Jersey-Staten Island Urban Air Toxics Project. The formaldehyde hydrazone formed is desorbed by acetonitrile and determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV det.ection. In this study, we have examined trap coaz)ng, trap efficiency, parallel ambient air and inaoor air sampLing, to find the best analysis method. Sampling traps aci:iifled .:ith hydrochloric acid perform better than those using percnicric acid or phosphoric acid. Trap sampling efficiency was significantly affected …

An Analysis Of The Second-Order, Type-One Hilbert Phase-Locked Loop, Inn-Shian Lin

Theses

In this thesis, a second-order, type-one PLL ( Phase- Lock, Loop ) in which the usual lead-lag loop filter is paralleled with a Hilbert Transformer (the whole system is called HPLL) is analyzed. A motivation for the study was that earlier researchers have found improved performance if Ilse lead-lag network is paralleled by a differentiator, result mg in the so called ERPIM (Extended-Range Phase-Locked Demodulator). For the purpose of com-parison with earlier experimental and analytical results on the PLL and the ERPLD, the numerical results in this thesis ale based on the parameters of Acampora and Newton.

The basic characteristics …

Simulation Study Of The Multi-H Continuous Phase Modulation, Min-Ling Lin

Theses

Of particular interest in satellite communications are modulation techniques that have a relatively constant envelope and are power and bandwidth efficient. Attempts have been made to satisfy these requirements by using phase and frequency modulation formats. Recently, one approach has been researched which combines the modulation and encoding functions, which is referred to as multi-h continuous phase modulation. Simultaneously good power and bandwidth efficiencies can be achieved at the expense of increased complexity.

This report examines the performance of multi-h continuous phase modulation by a simulation. A multi-h phase coded modulation is generated, passed through the AWGN transmission channel. The …

High Frequency Gaussian Beams Solution Of A Plane Wave Coupling Into Cylindrical Cavity, Christine Issa Mourad

Theses

Propagation of high frequency fields as a superposition of Gaussian beams instead of geometrical ray fields has potential advantages in complicated environments because the beams do not fail in ray optic transition regions. While the Gaussian beam method can be made rigorous through self consistent stacking of displaced and tilted beams on a Gabor phase space lattice, with retention of full beam spectra, computation is facilitated when the propagation domain is covered with paraxially approximated nontilted beams. The spectral deficiencies introduced by this simplified propagation model depend on the propagation environment. They are examined here for a plane wave coupling …

Computer Aided Synthesis Of A Four-Bar Linkage To Generate A Symmetrical Coupler Curve, Shailendra R. Pachalag

Theses

The purpose of this study is to develop a new analytical technique for the synthesis of four-bar mechanisms to generate symmetrical curves with a coupler point passing through 8 points. The geometric expressions involved in kinematic synthesis often tend to offer difficulties such as negative radicals, alternative choices and repetitions. Here a solution procedure has been developed which avoids these difficulties. This solution procedure includes a development of a computer algorithm that should synthesize a crank-rocker type linkage for any given input crank length. This algorithm dismisses all solutions involving negative radicals and lists magnitudes of members so that those …