Engineering Commons^™

Energy, Environment And Incremental Decision Making, Jeff V. Conopask, Robert R. Reynolds Jr.

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

During the late 1960's and early 70's a variety of environmental/energy oriented legislation was enacted by the Congress. The most important of these acts, the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA), required that environmental impact statements be filed when various private and public activities have a potential for impacting man and his environment. (17) Impact statement requirements go beyond the currently practiced cost/benefit analysis, which is often just a production (direct) impact assessment. Heretofore, indirect or second round economic and social effects of consequence affecting other national goals were seldom counted.

The Design And Performance Of A Distributed Flow Water-Cooled Solar Collector, Donald L. Spencer, Theodore F. Smith, Herbert R. Flindt

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Design of a flat plate collector which reduces the temperature differential between the absorber plate and the fluid is described. The reduced temperature differences are shown to yield increase collector performance. Flow characteristics of the collector are examined. Collector thermal performance is illustrated for typical operating and environmental conditions. A cost analysis is presented to demonstrate that material and assembly costs are substantially lower than for any collector presently on the market.

The Application Of Water Jets In Coal Mining, David A. Summers

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Water is one of the natural erosion agents which through time has changed the face of the earth. Application of this principle to remove earth and rock by man is a long established technique. This paper briefly describes the changes in technology which have brought the application of water jets from the slow erosion of soil to the point where in Canada some 3,400 tons per shift are currently mined in a coal mine using high pressure water jet technology. The use of water jets has shown sufficient promise that there are several research programs currently being funded by the …

Status Report On The Callaway Nuclear Power Plant, A. E. Bolan, D. F. Schnell

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The progress to date of the first nuclear-powered, electric generating plant proposed to be constructed in the state of Missouri is described.

Direct Ac Generation From Solar Cell Arrays, Fernando L. Alvarado, Adel H. Eltimsahy

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Results of the investigation of the performance of solar cells when directly coupled to a conventional three-phase power network are presented. This approach dissociates the electricity production problem from the electric energy storage problem. Extensive studies of the required power inverter are performed. Preliminary simulation results indicate that ac power outputs of better than 90% of the optimum cell power output can be easily achieved by means of a suitably controlled inverter, thereby justifying the elimination of dc loads or local dc electric energy storage devices. It is also shown that the controlling policy for the inverter must depend on …

Dynamic Simulation For Regional Energy Studies, B. W. Jones, P. M. Moretti, J. H. Mize

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A series of models has been developed for regional studies of energy supply- demand systems. The models are based on dynamic simulation of components of the system using equations derived from the technical details of the system. The models contain sufficient detail to make in-depth studies and specific recommendations. The final goal is to include all aspects of regional energy systems from native supplies of energy resources to the economic activities of the region.

To develop a comprehensive model, the system has been partitioned into subsystems, so that a detailed model can be made for each subsystem. The detailed model …

How Might Synthetic Fuels From Coal Affect Natural Resources And Environment?, H. J. Plass Jr.

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Energy self-sufficiency for the U. S. requires substantially increased use of coal. Direct combustion of coal without adequate environmental controls, as would occur if coal were used as a fuel for homes and offices throughout the country, would result in severe air pollution problems„ Synthetic fuels from coal such as methane, low BTU gas, or hydrogen, when utilized by the homes and businesses as gas or as electricity from gas, will contribute a much smaller amount of air pollution. However, to make these synthetic fuels available, it is necessary to mine more coal than would have to be mined for …

Two-Dimensional Analysis Of The Coherent Instationary Motion Induced By An Obstacle, Using Electrochemical Methods, B. Py, C. Tournier

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

The non stationary flow induced by a cylinder with a square cross-section was studied on the cylinder's surface and in the wake with two different electrochemical probes. On the cylinder was mounted split rectangular electrodes with high enough aspect ratio so as to measure the chordwise component of the wall shear stress with its sign. The non-linear response of this transducer was studied. In the wake, the longitudinal component of the velocity was obtained with conical electroactive elementswhich are mainly sensitive to this component.

The fluctuating coherent components are separated from the aleatory part of the signal and then decomposited …

Conference Proceedings Of The 4th Biennial Symposium On Turbulence In Liquids, University Of Missouri--Rolla

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

No abstract provided.

Author Index, University Of Missouri--Rolla

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

No abstract provided.

On The Role Of Conditional Averages In Turbulence Theory, R. J. Adrian

Symposia on Turbulence in Liquids

It is shown that conditional averages in the form of expected values of functions of the velocity at an arbitrary point given the velocities at a finite number of distinct points, appear naturally in certain types of turbulence theories and that the closure problems in such theories ultimately reduce to the approximation of these averages. Two exemplary theories are considered. The first is characteristic of turbulence models formulated in terms of probability density functions whereas the second is related to the derivation of optimal algorithms for the numerical integration of the turbulent Navier-Stokes equations at large Reynolds numbers. Some mathematical …

Column Research Council: Proceedings 1975, Column Research Council

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

One of the objectives of the Column Research Council is to hold an annual technical session with the view of presenting for evaluation problems relating to the design and behavior of columns and other compression elements in metal structures. The 1975 Proceedings contain summaries of papers presented at the technical session held on March 6-7, 1975 in Toronto Canada. A register of those who actively participate in the work of the Council, a financial statement, related publications and the Council By-Laws are also recorded.

Continuous Purlin Tests, Teoman Peköz

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

INTRODUCTION The results of the first phase of an experimental investigation are presented in this report. The objective of this investigation is to study the applicability of a theoretical approach developed at Cornell and implemented in a computer program developed by T. Pekoz for Diaphragm Braced Channel and Z-Section Purlins. In this phase of the experimental program three "full-scale" assemblies were tested under simulated wind-uplift loading. In addition, several supplementary tests were carried out to determine various physical parameters utilized in the analytical solution. The reported results are restricted to those tests that have direct bearing on correlating the test …

Alcohol Assisted Hydrocarbon Fuels: A Comparison Of Exhaust Emissions And Fuel Consumption Using Steady-State And Dynamic Engine Test Facilities, D. J. Bushnell, J. M. Simonsen

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper presents experimental data which exemplifies the differences in emission level testing on internal combustion engines when dynamic engine tests are used instead of steady-state engine tests. A comparison of the two test methods is made using hydrocarbon fuels with varying amounts of methanol. Emissions measured include the nitric oxides, unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. Emission levels and fuel consumption are reported for the various volumetric percentages of methanol in the fuel.

Of special significance are the different trends the emission levels establish when subjected to a dynamic engine test as compared to the results for the steady-state tests. …

A Seismic Investigation Over A Near-Surface Cavern, Richard D. Rechtien, David M. Stewart

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A field experiment was conducted over a near-surface cavern with the principal objective of obtaining a spatial definition of the associated Cavity Resonance phenomenon, as reported by Watkins et. al. (1967) and by Godson and Watkins (1968). The results of the experiment were inconsistent with those of the earlier investigators in that all seismic events recorded in the vicinity of the cavity, having vertical velocity components, could be readily identified as standard modes of seismic wave transmission. A persistence of strong horizontal motion was observed for late record times. This horizontal motion was consistently oriented parallel to the cavity boundary, …

Subsolidus Equilibria And Metastable Phase Development In The System Zro₂-Al₂O₃-Sio₂, Charles Christopher Sorrell

Bachelors Theses

"Subsolidus equilibria in the low silica portion of the system ZrO₂-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ were studied by X-ray diffraction of quenched samples fired at 1300°, 1400°, and 1480°C. Samples prepared as powders from combinations of a-Al₂O₃, Al(OH)₃, silicic acid, ZrO₂, and kaolinite reacted very slowly at 1300° and 1400°C and the trends toward equilibria are not apparent. A mixture of zircon and Al(OH)₃ reacted slowly at 1480°C to form mullite and ZrO₂, indicating that the latter phases are the stable assemblage rather than zircon and alumina. A gel prepared from aluminum nitrate, zirconyl nitrate, and colloidal silica reacted at 1480°C to form alumina, …

An Analysis Of The Role And Effectiveness Of The Contract Manager In Government Contracting., Daniel Martin Wilson

Masters Theses

"The contract manager in carrying out the contract management function of government contracting represents a vital element of the procurement process. He is charged with responsibilities for assuring that a product or service is delivered in a timely manner and is of specified quality, quantity and price. However, research and a survey of his role reveal that he is regarded a s a functional specialist, guided by a mass of procedural requirements, and he is not included in the managerial hierarchy of contracting.

Because his role does not accord him the status or authority commensurate with the importance of the …

Estimation Of Vehicle Transfer Functions., Leonard Francis Laskowski Iii

Masters Theses

"This study is an investigation of several techniques used to estimate lateral control models for vehicles. The lateral control model that was identified related steering wheel angle input to lateral acceleration output. Two different order models were identified, one a biquadratic and the other a fourth order lowpass system with second order numerator dynamics. The two main approaches investigated were:

1) Regression analysis

2) Fast Fourier Transform Techniques These techniques were chosen because of their inherent immunity to noise.

A CSMP simulation of all identified models was then made to determine their validity. These checks were made using laboratory data …

Mechanical Degradation Of Dilute Solutions Of High Polymers In Capillary Tube Flow, John D. Culter, Jacques L. Zakin, Gary Kent Patterson

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Experimental results on mechanical degradation in capillary tubes of polyisobutylene polymers in dilute solution are described. In laminar flow, degradation is independent of tube length, indicating that entrance effects are dominant. This shows that capillary experiments do not yield explicit information on the effect of shear stress on mechanical degradation. In turbulent flow, large entrance effects are also observed, but some degradation does take place in the fully developed flow region. Copyright © 1975 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Quantitative Overdesign Of Chemical Processes, R. A. Freeman, J. L. Gaddy

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Overdesign is applied to chemical processes to account for expected variations in the design data or design conditions. These variables must be treated quantitatively in order to design a process that is certain to perform adequately. Process dependability is introduced as a means of quantifying variable process behavior. Overdesign using the dependability criterion is a stochastic optimization problem. An example problem with three stochastic variables and two design variables is presented to illustrate these procedures. Copyright © 1975 American Institute of Chemical Engineers

Drag Reduction In Solid‐Fluid Systems, I. Radin, J. L. Zakin, Gary Kent Patterson

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Pressure drop measurements were made on a variety of dilute solid‐liquid suspension systems in order to study the effects of particle shape and size, concentration, fluid viscosity, and tube diameter on friction factor. The central objective was to determine under what conditions drag reduction would occur. Copyright © 1975 American Institute of Chemical Engineers

Analogy Between Spinodal Decomposition And Martensitic Transformation, Tetsuro Suzuki, Manfred Wuttig

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The translation of the theory developed for the spinodal decomposition of a supercooled alloy to the language appropriate for the martensitic transformation is carried out. In the spinodal theory, the stability of the alloy with respect to the composition fluctuation is examined, while in the present theory the stability of the crystal with respect to the shear displacement fluctuation, the transverse phonon, is studied. The analogy to the spinodal theory requires the revival of the strain gradient energy term or the couple stress term, the presence of which has been a subject of controversies for a long time since Laval. …

The Application Of Impact Dampers To Continuous Systems, Ranjit K. Roy, Richard D. Rocke, J. Earl Foster

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A study has been made of the application of impact dampers to two types of continuous systems, a simply supported and a clamped beam. Experimental models were tested in the laboratory and computer programs were developed to calculate response by two separate approaches. Results from calculations agreed favorably with experimental tests. Curves presented show the response to be expected for values of significant system parameters and enable the user to apply impact dampers to these types of continuous systems. © 1975 by ASME.

Transport Phenomena In Thermally Stratified Boundary Layers, D. W. Pepper, S. C. Lee

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Studies of heat, mass, and momentum transfer are made to analyze the formation of marine fogs in thermally stratified boundary layers in the atmosphere. The governing partial differential equations of continuity, momentum, temperature, and concentration are used to describe the transport phenomena. An additional equation of turbulence energy is introduced to account for the development of the turbulent motions. Simultaneous solution of this system of equations allows the turbulent exchange coefficients to be treated in the same way as all other dependent parameters. Verification of the theoretical approach is made by comparing the numerical predictions with wind tunnel simulations of …

Measurement Of Growth Rate To Determine Condensation Coefficients For Water Drops Grown On Natural Cloud Nuclei., A. M. Sinnarwalla, Darryl J. Alofs, J. C. Carstens

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Growth Rate Measurements Were Made for Water Drops Grown on Nuclei in Atmospheric Air Samples Taken in Rolla, Missouri. Rolla, Having a Population of 15,000 and Very Little Industry, is Relatively Free of Urban Pollutants. the Measurements Were Made in a Vertical Flow Thermal Diffusion Chamber at Supersaturations of 0. 5 and 1%. the Time to Grow from Near Dry Radius to the Final Radius (6 to 7. 5 Mu M) Was Measured. If One Assumes the Thermal Accomodation Coefficient is Unity, the Measurements Indicate an Average Value of 0. 026 for the Condensation Coefficient. the Temperature Ranged from 22. …

Further Comments On “Two Counterexamples To Aizerman's Conjecture”, D. Ronald Fannin

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Computer Modeling Of The Statistical Properties Of Transionospheric Scintillation Channels, W. F. Deckelman, Rodger E. Ziemer

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This concise paper shows that a bandlimited bivariate-normal time series is a useful model for the envelope of scintillating radio signals traversing the ionosphere. A software model is presented whose generated time series is compared to an actual block of scintillation data. A comparison of computer-generated and actual scintillation data shows that the fade-duration distribution of the simulated data fits that of the actual data closely through proper choice of model parameters. Copyright © by 1975 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

Analysis Of The Stresses Induced In Rock By Rock Splitters., Diogenes De Jesus Chollett

Masters Theses

"The method of solution of the problem of determining the stress and displacement distributions around an unfractured circular hole subjected to nonuniform applied internal pressure located in an infinite plate is developed. Two problems are solved for two different representative boundary conditions. The problem of determining the stress distribution around a circular hole with two symmetric radial cracks subjected to nonuniform applied radial pressure located in an infinite plate is analyzed and developed for further solution"-- Abstract, p. ii

Thermal Stresses In A Sphere Due To Local Heating Followed By Complete Cooling, T. S. Chen, K. Thirumalai, J. B. Cheung

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Photoionization Of The 6p32,122 Fine-Structure Levels In Cesium, Kaare J. Nygaard, Robert E. Hebner, James A. Jones, Robert J. Corbin

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The relative photoionization cross sections for cesium atoms selectively excited to the 6P32,122 states have been measured in a triple-crossed-beam experiment. A cesium discharge lamp produced resonant wavelengths of 8521 and 8944 for the excitation process. A Hg-Xe lamp combined with a grating monochromator was used for the actual ionization in the wavelength region from 2500 to 5000. Background counts due to photoionization of ground-state cesium atoms and dimers as well as various surface effects were discriminated against by chopping the excitation light source. The data are compared with results from radiative-recombination measurements in which the fine-structure levels are not …