Engineering Commons^™

Selection Of Remedial Engineering Techniques For Dioxin-Contaminated Soil Sites ; Based On Site Geological Characteristics, Jeffrey John Lux

Masters Theses

"Specific geologic, hydrologic, and topographic characteristics influence the selection of technologies employed in the remediation of sites affected by dioxin-contaminated soil. These characteristics are significant in the selection of equipment and methods for excavation and materials processing.

The only currently sociologically acceptable method of treatment of dioxin-contaminated soils is incineration. As more is learned concerning the nature of dioxin sorption to soil particles and the mobility of dioxin in the environment, long-term storage in underground mines, and land burial appear to offer strong potential alternatives. Strong public sentiment against non-destructive remedial options would have to be overcome. There are also …

Site Characterization And Remedial Engineering Options At An Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Site : Fulbright Landfill, City Of Springfield, Mo., Kathleen Carey Duckett

Masters Theses

"Fulbright Landfill is located approximately 3 miles north of the City of Springfield, Missouri along State Highway 13. Hazardous substances, including acids and cyanides, were disposed of regularly in the landfill for a period of about 7 years, from 1962 to 1969. Because of its disposal history, Fulbright Landfill was placed on the Interim National Priorities List in October of 1981. A full-scale remedial investigation and feasibility study is presently being conducted by SCS Engineers (Reston, VA).

The purpose of this thesis is to assess the nature and extent of the threat to the public or the environment based on …

Swelling Pressure Studies Of Shales, S. L. Huang, N. B. Aughenbaugh, John D. Rockaway

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A swelling model was developed to predict the swelling pressure which occurs within shale or shale material when it is immersed in water. This model is also capable of estimating the magnitude of shale swelling when subject to humidity changes. The model was developed on a basis of the moisture susceptibility of the shale and the initial humidity of the ventilated mine air. The Moisture Activity Index (IRH) was selected to describe the susceptibility of shale to moisture because of its close association with the other physical properties, its strong correlation with the swelling of the shale, and because it …

On The Mean Time Between Failures For Repairable Systems, Max Engelhardt, Lee J. Bain

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Much of the recent work on modeling repairable systems involves Poisson processes with nonconstant intensity functions, viz, nonhomogeneous Poisson processes. Since times between failures are not identically distributed when the process is nonhomogeneous, it is not clear what concept should take the place of the mean time between failures in assessing the reliability of a repairable system. A number of alternate concepts can be found in the literature. We investigate the relationship between two of the most frequently considered alternatives: the reciprocal of the intensity function, and the mean waiting time from t until the next failure. Theorem 1 states …

Reaction During Sintering Of Barium Titanate With Lithium Fluoride, Jyoti P. Guha, Harlan U. Anderson

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The reactions occurring during sintering of stoichiometric BaTiO₃ with small additions of LiF were studied at temperatures between 700° and 900°C. BaTiO₃ reacts with LiF to form a cubic solid solution and Li₂TiO₃ During sintering, the cubic solid solution coexists with Li₂Ti0₃ and forms a liquid phase at 740°± 5°C. The occurrence of a liquid phase at this temperature results in an enhancement of the sintering process and leads to the development of a highly dense microstructure. Copyright © 1986, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

Glass Experiments In Space, Norbert J. Kreidl

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Current and potential glass research under microgravity includes studies of minimum cooling rate, homogeneous nucleation, diffusion, surface tension and enrichment, fining without buoyancy, avoidance of liquid phase separation, gel synthesis, composites and uniform micro balloons. The experiments do not just anticipate space fabrication but will also provide information and innovation encouraging advanced processing on earth. © 1986.

Reply, Paul W. Angel, Chandra S. Ray, Delbert E. Day

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Tspc/Dc Measurements On Barium Titanate, Harlan U. Anderson, Wayne Huebner

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Thermally-stimlated polarization / depolarization current (TSPC / DC) measurements were made on high-purity doped and undopod BaTiO3 as a function of applied field, heating rate, dopant level, and Ba:Ti ratio. The form of the TSPC/DC curves is dependent upon both the resistive and ferroelectric properties of BaTiO3. For TSPC spectra, current peaks are exhibited due to the change in in magnitude and direction of the spontaneous polarization with changing crystal structure. In particular, whether the phase transition is first or seoond order influsnaes the existence and magnitude of the current peaks. TSDC measurements are essentially dynamic pyroelectric measurements and as …

Closed-Loop Dynamic Response Of A Static Scherbius Drive., Aaron J. Miles, B. Lequesne

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Generalized root-loci techniques, for squirrel-cage motors have been extended to wound-rotor, slip-energy-recovery systems (static Scherbius drive). The influence of a feedback control loop on these root loci is considered. General conclusions on Scherbius drive dynamics, as well as supporting experimental results, are presented.

Structural Design Of Coal-Fueled Power Plant Ductwork, Stanley Pearce Rader

Doctoral Dissertations

"An absence of a comprehensive procedure for design of coal-fueled power plant ductwork currently exists in the publicly available literature. This dissertation presents such a procedure.

An overview of the ductwork design environment, including major components of the air and flue gas flow paths, design loads and temperatures, corrosion considerations, and physical configurations, is given. Design criteria for materials, corrosion inhibition, minimum plate thicknesses, temperature effects, allowable stresses and deflections, and vibrations are proposed. A detailed design procedure based on the allowable stress design philosophy is presented, and computer programs implementing the design procedure are provided. An alternate design procedure …

Oxidation Kinetics Of Polycrystalline Srtio₃ And Lacro₃, Chi-Kung Jerry Yu

Doctoral Dissertations

"The oxidation kinetics of polycrystalline SrTiO₃ and LaCrO₃ were determined by measuring the time and temperature dependence of the weight and conductivity change of reduced samples. A region of fast diffusion followed by a reduced diffusion tail was observed in the TGA measurements. This observation can be interpreted as the initial diffusion along the boundaries and then spreading out into the lattice. The absence of the tail in the conductivity measurements is due to the high electron and hole mobility at the boundaries. The electrical conductivity and TGA results on Nb-doped LaCrO₃ show that at low oxygen …

Web Crippling Of High Strength Cold-Formed Steel Beams, Chiravut Santaputra

Doctoral Dissertations

"The structural behavior of high strength cold-formed steel beams subjected primarily to web crippling was investigated analytically and experimentally. In this study hat sections and I-beams, formed from five different types of high strength sheet steels commonly used in the automobile industry, were investigated under various loading conditions. The yield strengths of these sheet steels vary from 58 to 165 ksi.

In addition to the test data gathered in this phase of study, the experimental results obtained from the beam tests conducted at Inland Steel Company and Ford Motor Company were carefully evaluated. The evaluation indicated that the present available …

The Modeling And Analysis Of Multi-Component, Multivalent Biospecific Adsorption, Bo Henrik Arve

Doctoral Dissertations

"A general model is presented and used to predict the dynamic behavior of the adsorption, wash, and elution stages of biospecific adsorption (affinity chromatography) in finite bath and column operations. The model accounts for film and pore diffusional mass transfer resistances and the rates of interaction between adsorbates and ligands. For column operations the effect of axial dispersion in the flowing fluid stream is included. The model is applicable to single and multi-component biospecific as well as non-specific adsorption, and the adsorbates may be monovalent or multivalent. In the elution stage both non-selective and selective elution of monovalent adsorbates is …

Free Electron Density Measurements By Ir Absorption In Cds, Jack L. Boone, Gene Cantwell, Michael D. Shaw

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A contactless method for determining the spatial variation of the free carrier density in CdS is presented. The method involves the correlation of IR transmission with the free carrier density via the IR absorption coefficient. Preliminary measurements indicate a free electron density sensitivity of less than 5x1014 cm-3 and a spatial resolution which is limited only by the spot size of a CO2 (λ=10.6 μm) laser; this should be of the order of 100 μm. Experimental results indicate that the predominate scattering is due to impurity interaction at room temperature; this is indicative of the high degree of compensation in …

Vibration Coupling In Continuous Belt And Band Systems, C. D. Mote, W-Z Ben Wu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Small transverse oscillation of an endless band supported by wheels couples the response of the free spans of the band to oscillation of the wheels. The coupling arises from the finite curvature of the free spans of the band when its bending stiffness is finite. Significant modeling error can occur if a single span of the band is modeled as a simply supported, axially moving beam. The coupling provides an opportunity to dissipate vibration energy. Experiments and finite element analyses support the coupling discussion presented. © 1985 Academic Press Inc.

Load And Resistance Factor Design Of Cold Formed Steel Comparative Study Of Design Methods For Cold Formed Steel, Lan-Cheng Pan, Wei-Wen Yu, Brian K. Snyder

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

Allowable Stress Design is the current method used to design cold-formed steel structural members and connections. In this design approach, factors of safety are used to compute the allowable design stresses which are compared to the actual maximum stresses that will occur in the member during the life of the structure. In recent years, the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method has been developed for the design of hot-rolled steel shapes and the design of cold-formed steel structural members. This method is based on probabilistic and statistical techniques to account for the many uncertainties involved with the actual design. …

Design Of Automotive Structural Components Using High Strength Sheet Steels - Results And Evaluation Of Stub Column Tests For Unstiffened Curved Elements, Wei-Wen Yu, M. Brad Parks

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

I. INTRODUCTION A. GENERAL In the past few years, a dramatic increase in the use of high strength sheet steels in automobiles has been brought about by the demand for improved fuel economy and safety of motor vehicles. Many of the automotive structural components, which are made of high strength sheet. steels, consists either partially or totally of curved elements. Therefore, it was decided to include an investigation into the structural behavior of curved elements as a part of a research project entitled, "Structural Design of Automotive Structural Components Using High Strength Sheet Steels." The research project began in early …

Load And Resistance Factor Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Revised Tentative Recommendations - Load And Resistance Factor Design Criteria For Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members With Commentary, Wei-Wen Yu, Theodore V. Galambos

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

The "Allowable Stress Design Method" has long been used for the design of cold-formed steel structural members. The "Load and Resistance Factor Design Method" has recently been developed from a research project sponsored by American Iron and Steel Institute. In this method, separate load and resistance factors are applied to specified loads and nominal resistance to ensure that the probability of reaching a limit state is acceptably small. These factors reflect. the uncertainties of analysis, design, loading, material properties and fabrication. They are derived on the basis of the first order probabilistic methodology as used for the development of the …

Minimum Probability Of Electron-Hole Pair Generation By Blackbody Radiation, Cheng-Hsiao Wu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Using the small-perturbation assumption that all the useful work is in the form of electron-hole pairs when photons from a blackbody radiation source are incident on a quantum device, we derive the minimum probability of generation of one or more pairs of electron holes. Using the Planck radiation formula for the solar spectrum at 6000 K and for the quantum device at 300 K, this minimum probability is about 0.8 at low photon frequency and approaches the limiting value of 0.95 at high frequency. Its relation to maximum efficiency of a quantum device is discussed.

Comparison And Evaluation Of Web Crippling Prediction Formulas, Monique Bakker, Teoman Peköz

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

Since the use of end and load stiffeners is frequently impractical in thin-walled cold-formed steel construction, the webs of beams a.nd deck oay cripple due to the high local intensity of the load or reaction. In this report three different web crippling prediction formulations are compared with experimental results from five different sources. It is found that these web crippling formulas show considera.ble differences and do not give satisfactory results consistently.

High-Temperature Redox Behavior Of Doped Srtio3 And Lacro3, Harlan U. Anderson, M. M. Nasrallah, B. K. Flandermeyer, A. K. Agarwal

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The stability of high-temperature fuel cell electrodes to their ambient environment is important for the long-term reliability of fuel cells. In this report the behavior of oxide electrode materials as a function of oxygen activity and temperature is considered. Models for the oxidation-reduction behavior of both p- and n-type oxides are presented. These models take into account the absorption and evolution of oxygen which take place as oxygen activity is varied. The resulting instability in electrical conductivity is explained as a consequence of changes in carrier concentration due to variability in ionic defect concentration. The proposed models are applied to …

Biofilm Growths With Sucrose As Substrate, Ju-Chang Huang, Shoou Yuh Chang, Yow Chyun Liu, Zhanpeng Jiang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study was conducted to: (1) Evaluate the effect of DO on cell yield in a fixed film reactor using 1,000 mg/L sucrose as a substrate; (2) evaluate the correlations of the biofilm thickness and density with DO and their resultant substrate stabilization rates; and (3) examine the response of biofilm communities as a result of DO and biofilm thickness changes. Data obtained from this study indicate that DO has only a minor effect on the cell yield. However, the thickness of aerobic biofilm is definitely related to DO, or thickness (mm) = (2.08 x DO)/(9.2 + DO). The biofilm …

Unsteady-State Spherical Flow With Storage And Skin., Jeffrey A. Joseph, Leonard Koederitz

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents short-time interpretation methods for radial-spherical (or radial-hemispherical) flow in homogeneous and isotropic reservoirs inclusive of wellbore storage, wellbore phase redistribution, and damage skin effects. New dimensionless groups are introduced to facilitate the classic transformation from radial flow in the sphere to linear flow in the rod. Analytical expressions, type curves (in log-log and semi log format), and tabulated solutions are presented, both in terms of pressure and rate, for all flow problems considered. A new empirical equation to estimate the duration of wellbore and near-wellbore effects under spherical flow is also proposed.

Length-Thermal Stress Relations For Composite Bridges, Jack H. Emanuel, Charles M. Taylor

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Computer-assisted analysis was used to study the relation among uniform, linear, and nonlinear stress components thermally induced in a composite bridge section for hypothetical parameters of varying span lengths, number of spans, and support conditions, as well as for actual bridges. The results were verified by conventional methods of analysis. The following was concluded for prismatic (constant) sections: (1) For constant proportionality of span lengths, each of the three thermal stress components is independent of span length; (2) variation of the proportionality of span lengths affects only the linear stress component; (3) support reactions and deflections caused by thermal loading …

Relative Durability Of Shale -- A Suggested Rating System, David Newton Richardson

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The inability to predict the degradation tendencies of shale has resulted in numerous failures of projects where shale was used as a construction material. Because shale does not fit neatly into either a soil category or a rock category, the tests that are commonly used to classify soil or rock are in many instances not totally suitable for classifying shale as to its long-term behavior properties. Thus, special classification tests of shale types has become necessary. The durability or shale relates to how well it can withstand its changing environment and still retain its initial properties. Strength, expansion characteristics, and …

Plasma Polymerization Investigated By The Substrate Temperature Dependence., H. Yasuda, Cheng Wang

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the reported experiments, plasma polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), perfluoro-2-butyl-tetrahydrofuran (PFBTHF), ethylene, and styrene were investigated in various combinations of monomer flow rates and discharge wattages for the substrate temperature range of minus 50 to 80 degree C. The polymer deposition rates can be generally expressed by k//o equals Ae** minus **b**t, where k//o is the specific deposition rate given by k//o equals (deposition rate)/(mass flow rate of monomer), A is the preexponential factor representing the extrapolated value of k//o at zero absolute temperature, and b is the temperature-dependence coefficient. It was found that the value of b is not …

Solution To The Piecewise Linear Continuous Random Initial Value Problem For Burgers' Equation, Yin Chin Shih, X. B. Reed, Jr.

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A closed form solution to Burgers' equation on an infinite domain has been obtained for "random sawtooth" continuous initial conditions defined on a finite domain. The "turbulent" solution is then used to compute statistical measures such as skewness and flatness factors, energy decay rates, and the temporal evolution of velocity autocorrelations and energy spectra. © 1985 American Institute of Physics.

Fourier Transforms Over Warped Domains., Richard E. Dubroff

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Author Shows that There May Be an Advantage to Computing Fourier Transforms Over Warped Domains. an Example of Such an Improvement is Provided. It is Also Shown How the Fourier Transform May Be Evaluated from Data Observed over a Warped Domain.

Stability Analysis Of Fixed-Point Digital Filters Using Computer Generated Lyapunov Functions- Part I: Direct Form And Coupled Form Filters, A. Michel, Kelvin T. Erickson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We demonstrate the applicability of the constructive stability algorithm of Brayton and Tong in the stability analysis of fixed-point digital filters. In the present paper, we consider direct form and coupled form filters while in a companion paper we treat wave digital filters and lattice filters. We compare our results with existing ones which deal with either the global asymptotic stability of digital filters or with existence (resp., nonexistence) of limit cycles in digital filters. Several of the present results are new while some of the present results constitute improvements over existing results. In a few cases, the present results …

Stability Analysis Of Fixed-Point Digital Filters Using Computer Generated Lyapunov Functions- Part Ii: Wave Digital Filters And Lattice Digital Filters, A. Michel, Kelvin T. Erickson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In a companion paper [4], we utilize the constructive stability algorithm of Brayton and Tong in the stability analysis of fixed-point digital filters which are in the direct form and in the coupled form. We continue this work in the present paper by considering wave digital filters and lattice digital filters. We believe that the results of the present paper and its companion paper demonstrate that the constructive algorithm constitutes an effective and general approach in the qualitative analysis of fixed-pointed digital filters.