Engineering Commons^™

Tft And Ulsi Technologies: The Parallel Evolution Of The Research And The Higher Education In France, Olivier Bonnaud

Semiconductor Technology for Ultra-Large Scale Integrated Circuits and Thin Film Transistors VI (ULSIC vs TFT 6)

This paper deals with the evolution since the early eighties of the microelectronics applied to integrated circuits and to large area electronics. The evolution in France was linked to a very strong effort of the French government (Microelectronics national plan) to improve the Higher Education in this field and to form with the knowledge and the know-how the future engineers, masters and doctors to the research and development and to the production. A way to help the growth of microelectronics companies mainly in France, but also for the world in the frame of multinational companies. More recently, a new national …

Manufacturing Our Future: Industries, European Regions And Climate Action, Jonas Helseth

CO2 Summit III: Pathways to Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Deployment

The report “Manufacturing our Future: Industries, European Regions and Climate Action – CO2 Networks for the Ruhr, Rotterdam, Antwerp & the greater Oslo Fjord” was published by Bellona Europa, an NGO that has been key in shaping European CCS policy for more than a decade, in October 2016. The report includes learnings from the last decade and on this basis, provides a way forward for deploying CCS in Europe, with an emphasis on industrial emissions. Industrial CCS provides a critical and cost-effective solution to reaching Europe’s climate goals. Current EU and national policies, however, have so far not given the …

Negative Emissions On South East Asia: Renewable Energy Optimization With Beccs For Indonesia, Florian Kraxner, P. Yowargana, P. Patrizio, S. Leduc, S. Mesfun, S. Fuss

CO2 Summit III: Pathways to Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Deployment

Indonesia, on the one hand, is a tropical country with large biomass productivity and increasing oil and gas sector activities. On the other hand, it is the 3rd largest GHG emitter globally and some 90% of its emissions are generated from massive land-use change. However, Indonesia has also developed very ambitious climate targets aiming at up to 41% emission reduction by 2020. These targets need to be balanced with an envisaged GDP growth by 7% and projected 5 times higher energy consumption in 2050. To decrease its fossil fuel dependency and emissions, the government of Indonesia has decided to increase …

Neuromorphic Application Of Oxide Semiconductors, Mutsumi Kimura, Yasuhiko Nakashima, Tomoya Kameda, Tokiyoshi Matsuda

Semiconductor Technology for Ultra-Large Scale Integrated Circuits and Thin Film Transistors VI (ULSIC vs TFT 6)

Artificial intelligences are promising as key technologies in future societies. However, the conventional ones are executed using complicated software on high-specked hardware, and the machine size is very bulky and power consumption is unbelievably huge. Therefore, we are investigating "braintype integrated system", namely, neural network built only by hardware, which can be compact, low power, robust, and integrated on everything in future. In order to realize that system, simplification of the processing elements, such as neurons and synapse, three-dimensional structure, and low cost fabrication are required. We have succeeded in that simplification and are trying to utilize oxide semiconductors for …

Conference Program, Jen Wilcox, Holly Krutka, Simona Liguori, Niall Mac Dowell

CO2 Summit III: Pathways to Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Deployment

No abstract provided.

Cost-Effective, Near-Term Deployment Of Carbon Capture And Storage From Biorefineries In The United States, Daniel L. Sanchez, Nils Johnson, Sean Mccoy

CO2 Summit III: Pathways to Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Deployment

Abstract: Capture and permanent sequestration of biogenic CO2 emissions play a pivotal role in stringent climate change mitigation. Bioenergy with carbon capture and sequestration (BECCS) technologies, in particular, can remove atmospheric CO2 emissions while producing valuable energy products such as fuels, electricity, and gaseous hydrocarbons. Yet, most near-term assessments of climate change mitigation opportunities assume BECCS is either too costly or commercially unavailable. In contrast, biogenic CO2 capture and sequestration from industrial fermentation is already deployed at commercial scale, including several corn ethanol facilities in the United States. Such capture opportunities target pure streams of biogenic CO2 from existing biofuel …

Conference Program, Yue Kuo, Olivier Bonnaud

Semiconductor Technology for Ultra-Large Scale Integrated Circuits and Thin Film Transistors VI (ULSIC vs TFT 6)

No abstract provided.

Single Use Droplet Based Microfluidics – Screening Tools For Biotechnology And Life-Sciences, Alexander Groß, Jialan Cao, Stefen Schneider, J.M. Köhler, Thomas Henkel, Martin Roth, Mark Kielpinsky, Alexander Mendel

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

In the recent years droplet-based microfluidic techniques were developed and used for various screening purposes mainly in the field of life-sciences and biotechnology. Therefore, droplet volumes in a range from pL to μL were used and different technology platforms were necessary to produce the required fluidic devices which made of various materials. Traditionally, lithography combined with etching processes were used to produce precise glass or silicon devices. But, hot embossing and injection molding techniques are better suited for the production of single use devices. Recently, 3D-printing technologies are under development for the generation of individual costumes made microfluidic devices in …

Of Sut And Stainless, Manuel Carrondo

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

No Abstract, Please Click And See The Presentation.

Roll-To-Roll Pilot Line For Large-Scale Manufacturing Of Microfluidic Devices, Martin Smolka, Anja Haase, Ursula Palfinger, Dieter Nees, Ladislav Kuna, Jan Hesse, Barbara Stadlober, Sascha. Geidel, Jörg Nestler, Nikolaus Ladenhauf, Andoni Rodriguez, Florian Hasenöhrl, Martin Eibelhuber, Max Sonnleitner, Guggi Kofod, Dan Kofoed, Jan Kafka, Isbaal Ramos, Manuel W. Thesen, Mirko Lohse, Ana Ayerdi, Nerea Briz

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Roll-to-roll (R2R) technologies with roller-based nanoimprinting methods enable manufacturing of highly cost-effective and large-scale sheets of flexible polymer film with precise structures on a micro- and nanoscale 1. Areas that can benefit strongly from such large scale technologies are microfluidics, biosensors, and lab-on-chip products for point of care diagnostics, drug discovery and food control. Here, R2R fabrication could greatly reduce production costs and increase manufacturing capacity with respect to currently used products. A pilot line with this technology is investigated in the European Horizon 2020 project R2R Biofluidics and its capabilities are tested on two Demonstrators: - Demonstrator 1: In-vitro …

Protein-Specific Empirical Model Of Protein Adsorption On Surfaces, Dan Nicolau

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Predicting protein adsorption from solution to a surface is an important problem in biomedicine and related fields. Despite constant attention in the literature, it is not currently possible to predict quantitatively the amount of adsorbed protein given environment, protein and surface parameters. We present a purely empirical approach to predict protein adsorption using a linearly piecewise model with breakpoint, based on progress in the understanding and quantification of physico-chemical properties on protein molecular surfaces. This model is capable of accounting for over 90% of the variance in the data, despite the fact that the adsorption data spans over three orders …

On The “Fate Of Leachables” In Biopharmaceutical Up-Stream And Down- Stream Processes, Armin Hauk, Ina Pahl, Roberto Menzel, Samuel Dorey, Isabelle Uettwiller

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Single use systems (SUS), based on polymeric materials, are widely used in the biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Compounds potentially migrating from the polymeric materials into the production process at various stages as leachables can either negatively influence the production process performance (e.g. inhibit cell growth) or can contribute to process related drug impurities, which may potentially have an effect on product quality and/or patient safety. Today, the concept of investigating leachables is mainly focused on the measurement of extractables under worst case- or simulation-conditions plus their assessment including an interpolation towards potential leachables. In particular, in the frame of this assessment of …

Tie Layer Technology For Multilayer Coextrusion Of Single-Use Biopharma Bags, Barry A. Morris

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

The needs of the demanding biopharma processing bag, such as barrier, toughness and heat sealability, cannot be met by any one polymer. As a result, multiple layers of different polymers, each playing its role in meeting the design requirements, are combined in coextrusion or lamination. Most of the polymers used in these layers do not naturally adhere to each other in the film making or lamination process without tie layers. Tie layers are polymer resins designed to provide adhesion between specific polymers in a given film manufacturing process. In coextrusion, the polymer layers are brought together in the melt state. …

Influence Of Γ-Irradiated Biopharmaceutical Films, Samuel Dorey, Fanny Gaston, Magali Barbaroux,, Nathalie Dupuy, Sylvain R.A. Marque

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Preventing cross-contamination, saving costs and increasing configuration flexibility make the adoption of single-use technologies very attractive for the biopharmaceutical industry. The integrity and the security of bags are due to appropriate flexible and barrier polymeric materials, such as polyethylene (PE) or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and polyethylene-co-vinyl alcohol (EVOH), which are barrier to water vapor and oxygen, respectively. Conventional stainless steel tanks are sterilized by steam sterilization by the end-users, whereas plastic containers are sterilized by gamma-irradiation before delivery. The major advantage of radio-sterilization is the penetration power of the γ-radiation. It is known that γ -sterilization of polyolefin based …

The Journey Of A Polymer Producer To Support Customers E&L Needs, Jerome Vachon

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

In the view of SABIC’s ambitions to grow in the Healthcare applications market, a clear understanding of customers’ challenges and problems with respect to Extractables and Leachables is crucial. In addition to ensuring high quality products and compliance with standard regulations, material suppliers must also have a deep knowledge of their product chemistries for specific healthcare applications. Responding to our customers’ needs when performing their own material toxicological assessment, SABIC has continued to develop and share deeper insights into E&L. A growing involvement of SABIC to develop a true E&L knowledge base, from Research to Marketing, has thus been taking …

Xdr-500 Mo—Single-Use Fermentor For Microbial Processes, Jozsef Vasi, Andreas Castan, Sandeep Kristiansson

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Single-use bioreactors are well-established in production of biopharmaceuticals in mammalian expression systems. However, a similar technology breakthrough for microbial/yeast-based productions is still awaiting due to the unique requirements associated with such high-cell density cultivations, including high oxygen transfer capacity and efficient heat removal. Here, we present the single-use Xcellerex™ XDR-500 MO stirred-tank fermentor system specifically designed for microbial/yeast applications. The performance of the fermentor was evaluated using an E. coli fed-batch process producing a domain antibody (dAb) as a model system. The process was originally developed for a lab-scale conventional stainless steel system. This work describes the transposition and scale-up …

Effect Of Agitation On Protein Aggregation In Vials Made From Glass Or Plastics, Birgit Mueller-Chorus, Erica Tullo, Vinod Vilivalam, Lloyd Waxman

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

The increasing use of proteins as therapeutics including monoclonal antibodies has focused attention on the need to maintain the stability of these labile molecules during both storage and shipment. The degradation of therapeutic proteins can arise from aggregation and adsorption in primary containers, as well as from exposure to leachables, and chemical damage due to exposure to oxygen or light. Since vials continue to be used as primary containers for multiple-use applications, including vaccines and lyophilized drug products, we have compared the effect of mechanical stress on protein aggregation in vials made of glass versus vials made of the plastic …

Particulate Contamination In Single Use Systems: Measurement Challenges, Klaus Wormuth, Fanny Gaston, Mathieu Labedan

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

In conventional biopharmaceutical processes using stainless steel components, the pharmaceutical manufacturer is responsible for process cleanliness. However for single use systems, the pharmaceutical manufacturer “outsources” process cleanliness to the manufacturer of the single use systems, since no rinsing or cleaning occurs prior to implementation. Especially critical applications such as final fill and finish or aseptic processes demand a high degree of cleanliness with respect to particulate contamination. Although single use component assembly occurs in carefully controlled cleanroom environments, risks arise for particulate contamination from incoming components, cutting and welding operations, and human activity during manually intensive assembly processes. While visual …

Conference Program, Ekta Mahajan, Gary Lye, Regine Eibl-Schindler

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Silicone Tubing – Effect Of Pressure And Irradiation On Tubing Diameter, Lise Tan-Sien-Hee, Csilla Kollar, Andrew Diehl, Ernie Jenness, Pietro Perrone

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

A Single-Use assembly or system consists of numerous flexible components connected together via heat seals, overmolds or mechanical fasteners. The integrity (e.g. leak assurance) of such a system is dependent on the internal surface being continuously sealed and free of disconnects between the various components. The diameter of the flexible tubing during manufacture of the assemblies and the tubing expansion at operational pressures are important characteristics to know. Understanding these factors can help in the design of assemblies that maintain their integrity throughout their use at operating conditions. The aim of the study was to characterize four different tubing types …

Improving Single Use Bioreactor Design And Process Development Using The Hyperforma 5:1 S.U.B, Michael Goodwin

Single-use Technologies II: Bridging Polymer Science to Biotechnology Applications

Operating bioreactor vessels at low working volumes (high turn-down ratio) is often desirable but brings about challenges in regard to mixing, mass transfer, and process control. Research done towards optimizing cell culture has provided methods to improve performance and control when operating under these special conditions.  Impacts of enhanced energy transfer-Implementing bottom heat exchange, alternate impeller positions, and considering agitation dissipation rates.  Maximizing your platform-Taking advantage of the unique Thermo Fisher Scientific Drilled Hole Sparge design and implementing a new Cross Flow Sparge into the headspace have yielded reliable mass transfer and cell culture results from 10-2000L working …

Conference Program, Antonio Moreira, David Robinson

Regulatory Sciences for Biologics and Vaccines: Accelerating Development and Enabling Manufacturing Innovation

No abstract provided.

Composite Metallic Nanofoam Structures, David Bahr, Matthew Howard, Mohamad Zbib, Raheleh Rahimi, John Balk

Composites at Lake Louise (CALL 2015)

Metallic nanofoams made of metals such as nickel (Ni) or gold (Au) with ligament sizes on the order of 10’s to 100’s of nm’s exhibit several remarkable properties as a consequence of their low relative density and high specific surface area, such as outstanding strength to weight ratios, enhanced plasmonic behavior and size-effect-enhanced catalytic behavior. However, these metallic nanofoams suffer from macroscopically brittle behavior due to plastic deformation in individual ligaments. With little or no barriers for slip, work-hardening is not possible within ligaments and extremely localized plasticity, once initiated, leads to a few ligaments necking and what appears to …

Characterization And Modeling To Design And Develop Tailored-Property Filled Glass Composites, Kevin Ewsuk

Composites at Lake Louise (CALL 2015)

Particle-filled-glass composites (FGCs) are being developed as new materials with structure and properties engineered for materials joining (e.g., for solid oxide fuel cells). Relative to conventional sealing glasses used to make hermetic glass-to-metal (GtM) seals, FGCs with tailored properties offer significant potential as more crack resistant hermetic seals with better performance and reliability. Additionally, compared to process sensitive crystallizable glasses, FGCs offer broader processing latitude and robustness, and afford greater control of seal microstructure and properties. FGCs are being developed using a combination of fundamental materials science and materials engineering, employing: 1) experimentally-validated molecular modeling to better understand and control …

Powerful Artificial Muscles For Morphing Composites And Other Applications, Ray Baughman

Composites at Lake Louise (CALL 2015)

Three successive generations of twist-spun artificial muscles are described and used to make morphing composites and textiles that are electrically, thermally, or chemically powered.¹ Our first generation of twist-spun muscles, which are electrochemically powered by volume changes induced by double-layer charge injection, provide torsional rotation speeds of 590 rpm, and torsional strokes of 250° per millimeter of actuator length, which is 1000 times that for earlier artificial muscles. Our second generation muscles, which require no electrolyte and are based on guest-infiltrated carbon nanotube yarns, can torsionally actuate at 11,500 rpm and deliver 85 times higher power density during contraction …

Deterministic Three-Dimensional Composite Structures For Energy Storage, Paul Brown

Composites at Lake Louise (CALL 2015)

Through mesoscale design of a 3D current collector, high power density and high energy density primary and secondary (rechargeable) large format and microbatteries (Figure 1) were fabricated. At the most fundamental level, mesostructuring enables optimization of the trade-off between energy and power density in energy storage systems due to unavoidable ohmic and other losses that occur during charge or discharge. Of course, it is at fast charge and discharge, where these effects are most important. By efficient design of the ion and electron transport pathways, we and others have shown it is possible to significantly improve the power-energy relationship. We …

Indentation Behavior Of Superelastic Hard Carbon, Olga Chernogorova, Ekaterina Drozdova, Iraida Ushakova, Evgenii Ekimov, Vicente Benavides, Aleksander Soldatov

Nanomechanical Testing in Materials Research and Development V

Supererlastic hard carbon particles up to 1 mmin size were produced by fullerene collapse upon high-pressure high-temperature treatment with simultaneous sintering of metal-matrix composite materials (CM) reinforced by such particles. The hardness of carbon particles can be varied in a wide range by changing the parameters of their structure, which consists of curved graphene planes or their packets of different sizes. Such carbon phase was called “nanoclusterd graphene phase” (NGP) [1]. The properties of the carbon particles were controlled by changing treatment pressure (5 and 8 GPa) and temperature (1100-1800 K), composition of parent fullerites (C60 or C60/70), and pre-treatment …

Diffusion-Based Deformation In Elevated Temperature Micropillar Compression Of Mg-Nb Multilayers, Keith Thomas, Juri Wehrs, Siddharta Pathak, Johann Michler

Nanomechanical Testing in Materials Research and Development V

multilayer, elevated-temperature, micropillar compression

A Critical Review Of High Entropy Alloys (Heas) And Related Concepts, D.B. Miracle, O.N. Senkov

Beyond Nickel-Based Superalloys II

The field of high entropy alloys (HEAs) is barely 10 years old. It has stimulated new ideas and has inspired the exploration of the vast composition space. Here we give a critical review of this body of work, with the intent of summarizing key findings, uncovering major trends and providing guidance for future efforts. Based on detailed analysis, the following major results emerge. An intense focus is apparent on alloys based on first row transition metal elements. These efforts have discovered an extended, single-phase solid solution phase field and are exploring the extent and properties of this phase field. As …

Towards Nanoindentation At Application-Relevant Temperatures – A Study On Cmsx-4 Alloy And Amdry-386 Bond Coat, James Gibson, Sebastian Schröders, Christoffer Zehnder, Sandra Korte-Kerzel

Beyond Nickel-Based Superalloys II

With nickel-based superalloys reaching their fundamental limit in high-temperature applications, new alloys are required with improved mechanical properties. Small-scale mechanical testing – particularly nanoindentation – is of great benefit to alloy development, allowing hardness and modulus to be measured on small volumes of newly-developed materials.

We show that it is now possible to carry out such tests in vacuum up to 1000˚C, paving the way for candidate alloys and coatings to be tested at operation-relevant conditions. In this work, a <001> oriented single-crystal CMSX4 sample and a 200 µm Amdry-386 bond coat were tested using a modified MicroMaterials NanoTest indenter. 1 …