Engineering Commons^™

Neuronal Response To Injury, Rosemary C. Borke, Juanita J. Anders

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

810 Nm Light Therapy Improves Axonal Regeneration And Functional Recovery Following Acute Spinal Cord Injury , K. R. Byrnes, X. Wu, R. W. Waynant, I. K. Ilev, K. Smith, L. Barna, J. J. Anders

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

Metronomic Photodynamic Therapy: Principle To Practice, Stuart K. Bisland

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Low Energy Laser Irradiation On The Ischemic Heart, Uri Oron

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

Novel Fiber Optic Biosensors, J. Mecham, R. Claus, B. Davis, R. W. Waynant , I. K. Ilev, F. J. Arregui , I. R. Matias

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

The Significance Of Pulsing In The Stimulation Of Tissue Repair & Regeneration By Light, Mary Dyson

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

Biophotonic Properties Of Cells And Mitochondria, Paul L. Gourley

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

Photodynamic Tissue Repair And Healing, Michael R Hamblin, Florencia Anatelli, John J. Khadem, Reza Dana, Tayyaba Hasan

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

Mitochondrial Metabolism And The Responses To Cellular Injury, Robert K. Naviaux

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Broadband Incoherent Infrared Radiation (Ssir System) For The Treatment Of Non-Infectious Disorders, Floyd T. Neth

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

Use Of Photoactivated Crosslinking Agents For Vascular Repair And Local Drug Delivery, Kaia L. Kloster

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

Photodynamic Modulation Of Wound Healing And Inhibition Of Tissue Degradation, Michael R Hamblin, Tatiana Demidova, Faten Gad, Touqir Zahra, Tayyaba Hasan

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Different Supplementary Cementitious Material On The Microstructure And Its Resistance Against Chloride Penetration Of Concrete, Vinay S. Nikam , Vikram Y. Tambvekar

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

Various research programes on long term durability of concrete are going on through -out the world. An attempt is made to study the microstructure of the concrete with the addition of different SCM like fly ash, GGBS, metakaolin, silica fume, and rice husk ash. In this paper, data is presented in a simplified manner for the sake of convenience. Hydration is a continuous process and so microstructure of HPC and interfacial zone (ITZ) can change with age and effect of environment by the influencing agents present in it.

Rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT) is carried out on the various samples …

Design Of A Pultruded Gfrp Deck For Highway Bridges, Hyeong-Yeol Kim, Sun-Myung Kim, Yoon-Koog Hwang

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

This paper deals with the design and analysis of a GFRP deck for the highway bridges. Several cellular tube sections are assessed to obtain a viable cross-sectional profile of the deck. Two GFRP patterns are proposed and tested. Using the proposed deck profile and GFRP patterns, a GFRP deck for a prototype steel I-girder bridge is designed and presented in this paper.

Development Of Space Truss Structure Using Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics, Hiroya Hagio, Yoshikazu Utsumi, Kohzo Kimura, Koichiro Takahashi, Go Itohiya, Hitoshi Tazawa

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

This paper describes the development of a space truss structure using Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) pipe that decreases life cycle cost and enhances construction efficiency. Material tests, structural experiments and FEM analysis verify the practicality of this structural system.

Reliability Analysis On Flexural Behavior Of Frp Bridge Decks, Sang-Mo Jeong, Sang-Jin Kim, Young-Bum Kim, Hyeong-Yeol Kim, Ki-Tae Park

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

Design codes for the design of FRP bridge decks shall be established to promote the use of such innovative materials. For the purpose of preparing code provisions, reliability analyses were conducted to evaluate proper levels of safety and serviceability. Based on the results, several guidelines on design codes are suggested.

Optimum Design Of A Pultruded Frp Bridge Deck., Hyeong-Yeol Kim, Young-Min Choi, Yoon-Koog Hwang, Hyo-Nam Cho

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

In this paper, an optimum design of GFRP bridge deck having a pultruded cellular cross-section is presented. The optimization process utilizes a modified genetic algorithm with the index technique. Based on the optimum design, viable cross-sectional dimension, volumes of fibers and matrix, fiber orientation, and stacking sequence for GFRP decks suitable for the pultrusion process are proposed.

The Evolution Of Best Practices With High Performance Steel For Bridges, Edward P. Wasserman, W. Henry Pate, Tim Huff

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

High Performance Steel, grade 70 (HPS-70W) became available for use in early 1996 for fabrication and testing in bridges. Two (2) states, Nebraska and Tennessee agreed to be the first to implement usage. This paper provides a discussion of 3 Tennessee case histories in which high performance steel has been used to achieve weight and cost economies.

Variable Engagement Model For The Design Of Fibre Reinforced Concrete Structures, Jackie Yen Lei Voo, Stephen J. Foster

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

In this paper a model is developed to describe the behaviour of randomly orientated discontinuous fibres in reinforced composites subject to uniaxial tension. The model is built by integrating the behaviour of single, randomly oriented, fibres over 3D space and is capable of describing the peak and post-peak response of fibre-cement-based composites in tension. The model is used to form a constitutive law for use in finite element analysis of reactive powder concrete members with a prestressed reactive powder beam failing in shear analysed. A good correlation between the theoretical and experimental results attained.

The Effect Of Aggregate Particle Size On Formation Of Geopolymeric Gel, Christine Isabella , Grant C. Lukey, Hua Xu, Jannie S.J. Van Deventer

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

Due to enhanced mechanical and chemical properties, geopolymeric materials are a potential alternative to ordinary Portland cement and high-strength cement for the construction industry. The effects of aggregate particle size on the formation and the mechanical properties of geopolymeric materials are investigated in the current work. The addition of soluble silicates to the alkaline activator was found to increase the dissolution of silicate ions from the aggregate into the geopolymer binder phase. The results indicate that the surface area of aggregate influences the strength development of a geopolymer.

Histar High Performance Hot-Rolled Beams, Lucien Weber

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

The construction industry is continuously looking for superior building components. Innovative production processes are, in combination with tight quality control, the keys to structural steel grades with outstanding properties. Especially the thermomechanical treatment allows for combining material properties which were formerly thought to be incompatible: high yield strength for big material thicknesses, good toughness and excellent weldability.

This paper presents the Quenching and Self-Tempering (QST) process which allows for the production of heavy hot-rolled H-beams in high strength structural steel grades with excellent weldability characteristics. The new steel grades fully comply and even exceed the requirements of the European and …

High Performance Steel For Highway Bridges, Vasant C. Mistry

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

All steels possess a combination of properties that determines how well steel performs. Strength, weldability, toughness, ductility, corrosion resistance, and formability are all important to determine how well steel performs. High-performance steel (HPS) can be defined as having an optimized balance of these properties to give maximum performance in bridge structures while remaining cost-effective.

Seismic Evaluation Of R/C Buildings Using High Performance Materials, Dimitrios Konstantinidis, Andreas J. Kappos

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

The performance of reinforced concrete (R/C) buildings made of high performance materials (HPM) in seismic areas is evaluated through the parametric analysis of twenty-two buildings designed and detailed according to the current (prEN) version of Eurocode 8, for ductility classes (DC) ''Medium'' and ''High'', in combination with the current (prEN) version of Eurocode 2. Seismic assessment of the buildings is carried out by means of nonlinear static (pushover) analysis and nonlinear dynamic (time-history) analysis.

Interface Behaviour In Frp Plates Bonded To Concrete: Experimental Tests And Theoretical Analyses, Ciro Faella , Enzo Martinelli, Emidio Nigro

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

Simplified models for simulating FRP-to-concrete interface behavior are introduced and empirical relationships are utilized for their calibration. Moreover, the results of pull-out tests on FRP-to-concrete joints are presented. They are utilized in calibrating a bilinear shear-stress-to-interface-slip relationship by means of an inverse identification procedure.

Seismic Performance Of Precast Column-Foundation Connection Assembled By Post-Tensioning, Minehiro Nishiyama, Fumio Watanabe

Advanced Materials for Construction of Bridges, Buildings, and Other Structures III

In order to develop design recommendations for column-foundation connection assembled by post-tensioning in seismic regions, cyclic loading tests were carried out on 14 test units simulating such kind of connections under earthquake loading. The tests were consisted of two series: Series A was mainly for comparison between precast reinforced and precast prestressed concrete column-foundation connections, and Series B for investigating differences between test units with grouted and ungrouted tendons. The main experimental parameter other than the above was an axial load level.

Preface, The Editors

Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning: Fundamentals and Applications

No abstract provided.

Investigation Of Initial Fouling Rates Of Calcium Sulfate Solutions Under Non-Boiling Conditions (Work-In-Progress), Feridoun Fahiminia, A. Paul Watkinson , Norman Epstein

Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning: Fundamentals and Applications

This study initiates an experimental investigation of how process variables such as temperature and velocity affect the initial precipitation fouling rate of the inverse solubility salt, calcium sulfate, under sensible heating conditions. The effect of fluid velocity and temperature on the delay time is also being measured.

Large-Scale Plasma Polymer Coating On Heat Exchanger Fins For Improving The Wettability, Ki-Hwan Kim, Dae-Hwan Yeu, Samchul Ha, Seok-Keun Koh

Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning: Fundamentals and Applications

This research presents the results of the recently developed large-scale hydrophilic polymer coating by plasma polymerization, optimum plasma zone (OPZ) process. The excellent hydrophilicity of heat exchanger fin surface could give good effects to efficient drainage of condensate water as well as heat transfer performance. The hydrophilicity of layer treated by large-scale OPZ system is excellent irrespective of line speed from 0.6 m/min to 2.4 m/min. The good lateral uniformity of the hydrophilicity could be acquired in large scale OPZ treatment. The application of OPZ technique to the heat exchanger could enhance the efficiency of heat transfer, resulting from decrease …

Heat Exchanger Fouling In Phosphoric Acid Evaporators - Evaluation Of Field Data -, R. M. Behbahani, H. Müller-Steinhagen, M. Jamialahmadi

Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning: Fundamentals and Applications

Multistage evaporators are frequently used in phosphoric acid plants to increase the concentration of dilute phosphoric acid to 52-55 wt% P₂O₅. The concentrated phosphoric acid solution is supersaturated with respect to calcium sulfate. As a result, part of the calcium sulfate in the liquor deposits on the heat exchanger tube walls. Since the thermal conductivity of these scales is very low, thin deposits can create a significant resistance to heat transfer. Therefore, regular cleaning of heat exchangers is required, frequently at less than biweekly intervals. As the major costs in modern phosphoric acid plants are the …

Fouling During The Use Of Seawater As Coolant - The Development Of A ‘User Guide’, S. Pugh, G.F. Hewitt, H. Müller-Steinhagen

Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning: Fundamentals and Applications

ESDU International of London, UK has recently published a ‘User Guide’ on fouling in heat exchange systems using seawater as the coolant. Developed over a period of eighteen months in close collaboration with a team of oil refiners, heat transfer equipment and services suppliers and universities, with valuable input from the power industry, the User Guide is a practical guide to the current state of knowledge relating to fouling in cooling systems using seawater. Its objective is to provide the designer and the operator of both onshore and offshore equipment with a practical source of guidance on the occurrence, the …