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Articles 2041 - 2070 of 2584
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Alkali Silica Reaction Under The Influence Of Chloride Based Deicers, Purvi Desai
Alkali Silica Reaction Under The Influence Of Chloride Based Deicers, Purvi Desai
All Theses
Highways form the backbone of transportation in United States. As a result, issues related to distress in pavements and use of chemicals on pavement forms one of the major focus areas of highway agencies. One of the forms of distress in concrete pavements is Alkali silica reaction (ASR). External source of alkalis in the form of deicing chemicals play a key role in accelerating ASR. Sodium chloride or Rock salt is one of the oldest forms of deicers. Several research studies have been done on ASR under the influence of sodium chloride and calcium chloride. Limited information is available on …
In Vitro Analysis Of Auto-Loom Woven Test Patches For Hernia Repair, Bryant Mersereau
In Vitro Analysis Of Auto-Loom Woven Test Patches For Hernia Repair, Bryant Mersereau
All Theses
Hernias are defects in the layers of the abdominal wall that can cause discomfort or pain and lead to serious health problems if left untreated. A significant portion of the world's population is afflicted by hernia formation, and the cost of treating those affected is in the billions of dollars in the US alone. The current best practices for repairing hernias involve the surgical implantation of polymeric meshes over and around the defect site. The mesh, acting as a synthetic replacement for the damaged abdominal wall layers, provides a barrier to further visceral protrusions through the defect, a support framework …
Catalysis Of Ethanol Synthesis From Syngas, Jia Gao
Catalysis Of Ethanol Synthesis From Syngas, Jia Gao
All Dissertations
Catalytic synthesis of ethanol and other higher alcohols from CO hydrogenation has been a subject of significant research since the 1980s. The focus of this research is to establish a better fundamental insight into heterogeneous catalysis for CO hydrogenation reactions, in an attempt to design the best catalysts for ethanol synthesis.
It has been reported widely that promoted Rh-based catalysts can exhibit high selectivity to C2+ oxygenates during CO hydrogenation. The doubly promoted Rh-La-V/SiO2 catalysts exhibited higher activity and selectivity for ethanol and other C2+ oxygenates than singly promoted catalysts. The better performance appears to be due to a synergistic …
Nonlinear Control And Estimation Techniques With Applications To Vision-Based And Biomedical Systems, Nitendra Nath
Nonlinear Control And Estimation Techniques With Applications To Vision-Based And Biomedical Systems, Nitendra Nath
All Dissertations
This dissertation is divided into four self-contained chapters. In Chapter 1, a new estimator using a single calibrated camera mounted on a moving platform is developed to asymptotically recover the range and the three-dimensional (3D) Euclidean position of a static object feature. The estimator also recovers the constant 3D Euclidean coordinates of the feature relative to the world frame as a byproduct. The position and orientation of the camera is assumed to be measurable unlike existing observers where velocity measurements are assumed to be known. To estimate the unknown range variable, an adaptive least squares estimation strategy is employed based …
Development Of A Finite Element Model To Predict The Behavior Of A Prototype Wheel On Lunar Soil, Marisa Orr
Development Of A Finite Element Model To Predict The Behavior Of A Prototype Wheel On Lunar Soil, Marisa Orr
All Dissertations
The All-Terrain Hex-Limbed Extra-Terrestrial Explorer (ATHLETE) is a mobile lunar lander under development by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Lunar Architecture Team. While previous lunar missions have lasted only a few days, the ATHLETE is designed to last for 10 years, which will enable a sustained U.S. presence on the moon and exploration of the more treacherous regions which are not suitable for landing. Because the ATHLETE will carry entire astronaut habitats, its six wheels must be carefully designed to support a large load on soft lunar soil efficiently.
The purpose of this thesis is to develop a finite …
Estimation And Control Of Robotic Radiation-Based Processes, Fan Zeng
Estimation And Control Of Robotic Radiation-Based Processes, Fan Zeng
All Dissertations
This dissertation presents a closed-loop control and state estimation framework for a class of distributed-parameter processes employing a moving radiant actuator. These radiation-based processes have the potential to significantly reduce the energy consumption and environmental impact of traditional industrial processes. Successful implementation of these approaches in large-scale applications requires precise control systems. This dissertation provides a comprehensive framework for: 1) integration of trajectory generation and feedback control, 2) online distributed state and parameter estimation, and 3) optimal coordination of multiple manipulated variables, so as to achieve elaborate control of these radiation-based processes for improved process quality and energy efficiency.
The …
Prediction Of Liquid Crystalline Content And Molecular Structures Present In Carbonaceous Pitches, Ward Burgess
Prediction Of Liquid Crystalline Content And Molecular Structures Present In Carbonaceous Pitches, Ward Burgess
All Dissertations
ABSTRACT
Previous research at Clemson has shown that multistage, packed column, supercritical extraction (also called dense-gas extraction, or DGE) of petroleum pitches is a promising technique for the production of carbonaceous precursors that can be processed into a variety of carbon products, including activated carbons and high thermal conductivity carbon fibers. As the existence (or lack thereof) of a liquid crystalline phase, or mesophase, plays a key role in establishing the suitability of a potential precursor material for a given application, we developed the SAFT-LC (liquid crystal) equation of state by combining Maier-Saupe theory for multicomponent mixtures with the SAFT …
Probing The Mechanisms Of Platelet Adhesion To Adsorbed Plasma Proteins, Balakrishnan Sivaraman
Probing The Mechanisms Of Platelet Adhesion To Adsorbed Plasma Proteins, Balakrishnan Sivaraman
All Dissertations
Despite over three decades of research in blood-material interactions, the biomaterials field has been unsuccessful in developing a truly non-thrombogenic biomaterial. This is due to an incomplete understanding of the factors underlying biomaterial-associated thrombosis, especially the mechanisms mediating the interactions of platelets with the adsorbed plasma protein layer(s) on the implant surface. The work presented here is motivated by the primary goal of delineating these mechanisms, and understanding the platelet receptors involved, as well as the domains/amino acid sequences they bind to in the protein molecules.
It is critical to differentiate between the amount and the conformation of the adsorbed …
Modeling Of Cell Transfer And Process-Induced Cell Damage In Laser-Assisted Cell Direct Writing, Wei Wang
Modeling Of Cell Transfer And Process-Induced Cell Damage In Laser-Assisted Cell Direct Writing, Wei Wang
All Dissertations
Laser-assisted cell direct-write technique has been obtaining more and more attention in different biomaterial direct writing applications. A typical laser-assisted cell direct-write process can be divided into two main stages: the cell droplet ejection and cell droplet landing. The objective of this study is to model the cell mechanical profile during the cell droplet ejection and cell landing and further model the cell damage.
The possible cell damage during the droplet ejection process in laser-assisted cell direct writing may come from two different sources: the phase explosion-induced bubble expansion and the thermoelastic stress wave. The bubble expansion-induced stress wave is …
Design Of Advanced Ion-Exchange Membranes And Their Performance Assessment For Downstream Chromatographic Bioseparations, Bharatkumar Bhut
Design Of Advanced Ion-Exchange Membranes And Their Performance Assessment For Downstream Chromatographic Bioseparations, Bharatkumar Bhut
All Dissertations
This doctoral research focuses on the design, development and characterization of advanced ion-exchange membranes and their performance evaluation as process chromatography media for downstream bioseparations. Chromatography is a widely used unit operation in the biopharmaceutical industry for the downstream purification of protein therapeutics. The rapid developments in biotechnology and the pharmaceutical potential of biomolecules have increased the worldwide demand for protein therapeutics dramatically. Considering that 50−90% of the total cost of bioprocesses is due to the downstream recovery and purification, high-productivity and high-resolution separation techniques that will enable cost-effective production are essential to the biopharmaceutical industry. In recent years, membrane …
Protocols For Dynamic Spectrum Access In Cognitive Radio Networks, Steven Boyd
Protocols For Dynamic Spectrum Access In Cognitive Radio Networks, Steven Boyd
All Dissertations
Spectrum access protocols permit secondary users to transmit on frequency bands that are not being utilized by the primary owners. A cognitive radio that wishes to transmit in a band must first decide if the band is available (i.e., not being used by the owner) and then it must periodically re-evaluate the band's availability once it begins transmitting in the band to ensure that a signal from a primary owner has not emerged. To accomplish these tasks, spectrum access protocols employ periodic sensing of the channel. Frequent sensing intervals are required to ensure that cognitive radios wishing to access the …
Simulation And Mathematical Modeling To Support Community-Wide Evacuation Decisions For Multiple Population Groups, Jun Duanmu
All Dissertations
Evacuating a large population from an at-risk area has been the subject of extensive research over the past few decades. In order to measure trip completion and total evacuation times accurately, most researchers have implemented some combination of simulation and optimization methods to provide vehicular flow and congestion data. While the general at-risk population comprises the majority of travelers on the road network, there are often specific groups to consider when assessing the ability to evacuate an entire population. In particular, healthcare facilities (e.g., hospitals) may require evacuation, and the trip times may become an important health issue for patients …
Principal Component Analysis Based Image Fusion Routine With Application To Stamping Split Detection, Yi Zhou
Principal Component Analysis Based Image Fusion Routine With Application To Stamping Split Detection, Yi Zhou
All Dissertations
This dissertation presents a novel thermal and visible image fusion system with application in online automotive stamping split detection. The thermal vision system scans temperature maps of high reflective steel panels to locate abnormal temperature readings indicative of high local wrinkling pressure that causes metal splitting. The visible vision system offsets the blurring effect of thermal vision system caused by heat diffusion across the surface through conduction and heat losses to the surroundings through convection. The fusion of thermal and visible images combines two separate physical channels and provides more informative result image than the original ones.
Principal Component Analysis …
Prioritizing Patients For Emergency Evacuation From A Healthcare Facility, Ashley Childers
Prioritizing Patients For Emergency Evacuation From A Healthcare Facility, Ashley Childers
All Dissertations
The success of a healthcare facility evacuation depends on communication and decision-making at all levels of the organization, from the coordinators at incident command to the clinical staff who actually carry out the evacuation. One key decision is the order in which each patient is chosen for evacuation. While the typical planning assumption is that all patients are to be evacuated, there may not always be adequate time or resources available to move all patients. In these cases, prioritizing or ordering patients for evacuation becomes an extremely difficult decision to make. These decisions should be based on the current state …
Investigation Of Subgrid-Scale Mixing And Turbulence-Chemistry Interaction In Turbulent Partially Premixed Flames Using Experimental Data, Jian Cai
All Dissertations
The filtered mass density function (FMDF) of mixture fraction, temperature and species used in large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent combustion is studied experimentally using line images obtained in turbulent partially premixed methane flames (Sandia flames D and E). Cross-stream filtering is employed to obtain the FMDF and other filtered variables. The mean of the FMDF conditional on the subgrid-scale (SGS) scalar variance at a given location are found to vary from unimodal to bimodal, corresponding to quasi-equilibrium distributed reaction zones and laminar flamelets (including extinguished flamelets), respectively. The conditionally filtered mixture fraction dissipation for small SGS variances has a …
Development Of Experimental Methods To Assess Adsorption Free Energy For Peptide-Surface Interactions, Yang Wei
All Dissertations
Because of its governing role in cellular response to implants and substrates for biomedical applications, the understanding and control of protein adsorption to material surfaces has been one of the major topics of research in the field of biomaterials. Unfortunately, it has proven to be extremely difficult to quantitatively understand and control these types of interactions because of the complexities involved, and existing methods that have been developed and used to characterize protein-surface interactions have proved to be inadequate to provide the level of detail necessary to achieve this understanding. New, more fundamental methods, both experimental and computational, are needed …
Cell-Mediated Elastic Matrix Regeneration Toward Regression Of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Carmen Gacchina
Cell-Mediated Elastic Matrix Regeneration Toward Regression Of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Carmen Gacchina
All Dissertations
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are typically fusiform (symmetric) dilations of the aortic wall most commonly arising below the renal arteries. The progression is typically associated with an activated smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype, diminished density of mature medial elastic fibers, and an elevated presence of matrix-degrading enzymes (e.g., matrix-metalloproteases; MMPs), which may ultimately lead to vessel rupture. Currently, no surgical or non-surgical methods are available to regress AAAs via regeneration of new elastin matrices to regain normal vessel contour, particularly due to the inherently poor elastin synthesis by adult vascular cells and absence of methods to stimulate the same. Previously, …
Timing Side-Channel Attacks On Ssh, Harikrishnan Bhanu
Timing Side-Channel Attacks On Ssh, Harikrishnan Bhanu
All Theses
In most secure communication standards today, additional latency is kept to a minimum to preserve the Quality-of-Service. As a result, it is possible to mount side-channel attacks using timing analysis. In this thesis we discuss the viability of these attacks, and demonstrate them by inferring Hidden Markov Models of protocols. These Hidden Markov Models can be used to both detect protocol use and infer information about protocol state. We create experiments that use Markov models to generate traffic and show that we can accurately reconstruct models under many circumstances. We analyze what occurs when timing delays have enough jitter that …
Acceleration Of Spiking Neural Networks On Single-Gpu And Multi-Gpu Systems, Venkittaraman Vivek Pallipuram Krishnamani
Acceleration Of Spiking Neural Networks On Single-Gpu And Multi-Gpu Systems, Venkittaraman Vivek Pallipuram Krishnamani
All Theses
There has been a strong interest in modeling a mammalian brain in order to study the architectural and functional principles of the brain and offer tools to neuroscientists and medical researchers for related studies. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are compute models that try to simulate the structure and/or the functional behavior of neurons and process information using the connectionist approach to computation. Hence, the ANNs are the viable options for such studies.
Of many classes of ANNs, Spiking Neuron Network models (SNNs) have been employed to simulate mammalian brain, capturing its functionality and inference capabilities. In this class of neuron …
The Effects Of Temperature And Humidity On Cushioning Properties Of Expanded Polylactic Acid Foam, Jason Szymanski
The Effects Of Temperature And Humidity On Cushioning Properties Of Expanded Polylactic Acid Foam, Jason Szymanski
All Theses
This research studied expanded polylactic acid cushioning foam and the effect the conditioning environment had on its shock absorbing properties. Polylactic acid, as a polymer, has been available since the 1960s. Only recently has the polymer been adapted to allow expanded foaming. This material's significance to industry lies in its sustainability. With global awareness at all-time highs, the push for sustainable materials is rising. The adaptation of PLA to EPLA is a result of that push. This research represents the first of its kind, by characterizing EPLA for cushioning and also to study the effects temperature and humidity on the …
Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium For Iodine-Hydroiodic Acid-Water Mixtures At Elevated Temperatures And Pressures For The Sulfur-Iodine Cycle, Sarah Mena
All Theses
An alternative scenario to the overdependence on fossil fuels is the use of thermochemical cycles to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. The Sulfur-Iodine (SI) cycle, developed at General Atomics in the mid 1970s, is a leading candidate of international interest for the centralized production of hydrogen from nuclear and/or solar power. For a comprehensive assessment of the SI cycle, thermodynamic data for I2-HI-H2O mixtures at elevated temperatures and pressures have been identified as a basic research need.
The focus of this study was liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) measurements for the above system. To carry out the measurements, a continuous-flow apparatus …
Sensitivity Constrained Pmu Placement Utilizing Multiple Methods, Zheng Zhao
Sensitivity Constrained Pmu Placement Utilizing Multiple Methods, Zheng Zhao
All Theses
Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU), which is based on the GPS technique, is able to provide power engineers with immediate and precise measurements. By utilizing PMUs, the reliability and stability in power system are expected to be improved. Conventionally, an optimal PMU placement is considered to use the least number of units to make the entire system completely observable. In this thesis, it is recommended to not only optimize the number of PMUs but also install the majority of PMUs on the most sensitive buses in a power system. Thus a bus sensitivity analysis based on Decoupled Power Flow method is …
Ie Tools In Construction - Small Tools Spreadsheet, Ronald Goodson
Ie Tools In Construction - Small Tools Spreadsheet, Ronald Goodson
All Theses
This document will explore the development and implementation of a spreadsheet tool that will provide for effective planning, procurement, and management of 'small tools' on a construction site - small tools are relatively inexpensive items that are usually handheld. The following five chapters cover the development of the spreadsheet. Both methodology and the calculation process are explored in detail and all facets of the spreadsheet are explained. A key component of the development process is that end users were involved in the entire development process to ensure the spreadsheet met their needs. In general, users input several criteria regarding work …
Analytical Seismic Fragility Curves For Skewed Multi-Span Steel Girder Bridges, Ian Sullivan
Analytical Seismic Fragility Curves For Skewed Multi-Span Steel Girder Bridges, Ian Sullivan
All Theses
Most of the past seismic fragility studies on typical highway bridges in the Central and Southeastern United States (CSUS) have focused on regular multi-span bridges with little to no skew. However, past earthquakes and studies have shown that skewed multi-span simply supported bridges may also be susceptible to earthquake damage, specifically causing coupled responses (longitudinal and transverse) that place more demand on individual components. With over 27 percent of simply supported steel girder highway bridges in the CSUS having a skew angle over 15 degrees, there is a specific need to further quantify the vulnerability of such bridges exposed to …
Plutonium - Humic Acid Stability Constant Determination And Subsequent Studies Examining Sorption In The Ternary Pu(Iv) - Humic Acid - Gibbsite System, Trevor Zimmerman
Plutonium - Humic Acid Stability Constant Determination And Subsequent Studies Examining Sorption In The Ternary Pu(Iv) - Humic Acid - Gibbsite System, Trevor Zimmerman
All Theses
Plutonium has been released to the environment through a variety of intentional and unintentional mechanisms, including atmospheric testing, disposition from weapons manufacturing processes, and subsurface disposal. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the chemical, physical, and biological processes affecting plutonium transport is imperative. It has been shown that humic acid (HA) (a refractory component of natural organic matter (NOM)) can effectively solubilize plutonium (Santschi et al., 2002). Increased solubility may result in enhanced subsurface transport, due to the higher concentration of Pu in the aqueous phase. In contrast, the formation of ternary surface complexes may hinder actinide transport. Solution pH is …
Responses Of Problematic Algae To Algaecide Exposures, West Bishop
Responses Of Problematic Algae To Algaecide Exposures, West Bishop
All Theses
Excessive growths of algae can cause significant disruption of critical water resource usages including: drinking, irrigation, recreation as well as be aesthetically displeasing. Water resource managers are often compelled to take action to mitigate these nuisance algal infestations. Algaecides can be efficient and effective management options to rapidly suppress algal blooms and restore water usages. However, laboratory and field data are required to accurately predict responses to an application as well as potential risks to non-target organisms. Laboratory experiments were used to measure the responses of problematic algae to algaecide exposures and evaluate the margin of safety to sensitive, non-target …
Biodegradable Polymer Blends And Composites From Proteins Produced By Animal Co-Product Industry, Bernice Nzioki
Biodegradable Polymer Blends And Composites From Proteins Produced By Animal Co-Product Industry, Bernice Nzioki
All Theses
ABSTRACT
Development of new green materials from by-products of animal rendering industries would provide a substantial economic return to animal rendering processors. Meat and bone meal (MBM), one of the products of the rendering industry, has potential for numerous bio-based applications. This research focuses on fabrication of plastics blends made of MBM (Meat and bone meal) and UHMWPE (ultra high molecular weight polyethylene). We investigated thermal, morphological, water absorption and mechanical properties of the plastics. The plastics were compression molded and their properties were examined.
DSC thermographs of the blends indicated that the thermal properties of UHMWPE did not change …
Electrokinetic Manipulation Of Particles And Cells In Microfluidic Devices, Christopher Church
Electrokinetic Manipulation Of Particles And Cells In Microfluidic Devices, Christopher Church
All Theses
With the recent advancement in micro-fabrication technology, lab-on-a-chip devices have been developed in order to perform biological analysis through cell manipulation. Microchannels used in these lab-on-a-chip devices have been demonstrated to accurately perform many different cell manipulation techniques such as focusing, separation, trapping, and lysis. Although there are many methods available for these techniques, electrokinetics has been rapidly gaining popularity due to the simplicity of application and removal of the need for in channel micro-structures. This thesis studies the use of electrokinetic flow and accompanying phenomena in various structured microchannels to perform focusing, separation, trapping, and lysis of cells. Three …
Modeling Of A Porous Metal Foam Cryogenic Counter Flow Heat Exchanger, Craig Fortier
Modeling Of A Porous Metal Foam Cryogenic Counter Flow Heat Exchanger, Craig Fortier
All Theses
This thesis involves the modeling of cryogenic fluids through a porous metal foam counter flow heat exchanger. Although much research has been completed involving light weight high porosity metal foams in recent years, research performed on the subject of mid range porosities in metal foams and their use in heat exchangers has been relatively untouched. Even less literature is available pertaining to the effects of cryogenic fluids in porous metal foams.
Much about heat exchanger performance and pressure drop depends on the structure and relative density of the metal foams. This has been elaborated in several sources, but only for …
'Transfer Effect Study Of A Virtual Borescope In Training Aircraft Maintenance Technicians', Melissa Dorlette Paul
'Transfer Effect Study Of A Virtual Borescope In Training Aircraft Maintenance Technicians', Melissa Dorlette Paul
All Theses
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has acknowledged training as an important tactic to improve the trustworthiness of inspection. This study was conducted to test the transfer of the skills learned with a simulator into the real world. For this purpose, data from seventeen students in the AMT program of Greenville Technical College was analyzed. Objective data was taken to assess the group's performance on the simulator after each session of training. The comparison between two groups was made using objective data, collected while the subjects went through a test on a real engine and using the real borescope, and subjective …